Needle-free electrode electronic injection micro-nano oil-resistant fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of textile, and particularly relates to a needle-free electrode electronic injection micro-nano oil-resistant fabric and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that an oil-resistant substance and a high-molecular polymer are dissolved in an organic solution, and a spinning solution is obtained; the spinning solution is electrically sprayed to the surface of the fabric through a needleless electrode electric spraying device, and the needleless electrode electric spraying micro-nano oil-resistant fabric is obtained through hot drying. The needle-free electrode is utilized to improve the production efficiency and reduce the cost, a small amount of high-molecular polymer is molten through hot drying to play a cross-linking role, the binding strength of an oil-resistant substance and fabric fibers is enhanced, the oil-resistant effect of the fabric is improved, meanwhile, the use amount of an oil-resistant agent is reduced, and the production cost is reduced. The problems that in a traditional method, the use amount of auxiliaries is large, printing and dyeing wastewater is generated, and the hand feeling of the fabric is hardened are solved, the oil-resistant effect can reach 5-6 levels before washing, and the oil-repellent effect is excellent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of textile technology, and particularly relates to a needle-free electrode electrosprayed micro-nano oil-resistant fabric and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The ability to resist oil, stain, and stains is a crucial property of fabrics and materials, particularly for baby clothing, automotive interiors, catering, and outdoor apparel. With the rapid development of society and the improvement of people's living standards, the demand for fabric finishing technologies with high-quality and long-lasting oil-repellent properties is becoming increasingly urgent.

[0003] Currently, in the existing technology, fabrics with anti-fouling and oil-repellent effects are generally treated with the following technologies: 1) Surface coating method: Through chemical coating technology, a dense protective layer is formed on the surface of the fabric. This method can effectively prevent the penetration of oil, dirt and moisture. 2) Impregnation method: The fabric is immersed in a solution containing an oil-repellent agent, so that the oil-repellent agent is evenly attached to the surface of the fabric fiber. The fabric is then given oil-repellent properties through treatments such as drying. 3) Fiber modification method: The chemical structure or surface properties of the fiber itself are changed to make it oil-repellent. For example, the fiber is treated with modified polyurethane or fluorine-containing compounds to improve the fiber's hydrophobic and oleophobic properties. 4) Composite finishing method: Combining multiple treatment methods, such as padding finishing and coating finishing, the oil-repellent properties of the fabric are improved through multiple treatments. 5) Pretreatment and post-finishing method: The grey fabric is first pretreated (such as alkaline hydrolysis or plasma treatment) to roughen the fabric surface, then oil-repellent finishing is performed, and finally the oil-repellent agent is fixed through post-finishing processes such as high-temperature baking.

[0004] Traditional textile finishing technologies boast advantages such as high maturity, wide applicability, and cost-effectiveness. However, these technologies also present limitations and challenges, such as the high use of oil-repellent additives, the generation of printing and dyeing wastewater, and the hardening and deterioration of the fabric's feel caused by the impregnation method. Electrospinning technology offers advantages such as a simple preparation process and low spinning costs, rapid development, and broad application prospects. However, with the growing demand for industrial production, greater demands are being placed on production efficiency. Multi-needle spinning can improve production efficiency, but needle clogging still presents a problem, impacting efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005]

Technical Issues

[0006] Existing methods for producing oil-resistant fabrics require large amounts of oil-resistant additives, generate printing and dyeing wastewater, and the impregnation method can lead to stiffening and a poorer feel. Multi-needle spinning can improve production efficiency, but needle clogging still exists, impacting productivity.

[0007]

Technical solution

[0008] In response to the above problems, the present invention proposes a composite technology for electrospraying micro-nano oil-resistant components onto fabrics through needle-free electrodes. The oil-resistant agent is sprayed onto the fabric in the form of an electrostatic spray to improve the utilization rate of the oil-resistant agent and reduce the use of the oil-resistant agent. During the drying process, high molecular polymers are used to play a cross-linking role, so that the oil-resistant substance and the fiber are firmly bonded, thereby improving the oil-resistant effect of the fabric. Using needle-free electrodes instead of traditional needle electrodes improves the production efficiency of electrospinning and reduces the production and maintenance costs of equipment. A brush liquid trough is used to perform reciprocating motion on the needle-free electrode to evenly cover the spinning solution, reduce solvent volatilization, and improve utilization.

[0009] The present invention provides a method for preparing a needle-free electrode electrosprayed micro-nano oil-resistant fabric, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1. The oil-resistant substance and the polymer are dissolved in an organic solution to obtain a spinning solution;

[0011] S2. Electrospray the spinning solution onto the surface of the fabric through a needle-free electrode electrospray device, and obtain the needle-free electrode electrosprayed micro-nano oil-resistant fabric after heat drying.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the high molecular polymer is selected from one or more of polyurethane, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, and polymethyl methacrylate.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the high molecular polymer is a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the oil-resistant substance is selected from one or more of perfluoroalkyl carboxylate chromium complexes, fluorinated acrylate polymers, fluorosilicone organic compounds, and fluorinated urea polymers.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the organic solvent is selected from one or more of N,N-dimethylformamide DMF, dimethylacetamide, tetrahydrofuran, and ethanol.

[0016] In an embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the concentration of the high molecular weight polymer in the spinning solution is 6-8 wt%, and the concentration of the oil-repellent substance is 6-8 wt%.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the needle-less electrode electrospraying device comprises a needle-less electrode, a brush liquid tank, a high-voltage DC power supply, a winding roller, and a metal plate;

[0018] The needle-free electrode is a metal wire with a smooth surface or spiral patterns. Two to four needle-free electrodes are arranged in parallel, with the distance between two adjacent needle-free electrodes being 30 to 50 cm.

[0019] The needle-free electrode is connected in series with the brush tank; the brush tank can perform reciprocating motion on the needle-free electrode;

[0020] The needle-free electrode is connected to the positive terminal of a high-voltage DC power supply;

[0021] A metal plate is provided directly above the needle-free electrode; the metal plate is connected to the negative pole of the high-voltage power supply or to the ground;

[0022] The winding roller drives the fabric to move, and its moving position is in the middle area between the needle-free electrode and the metal plate.

[0023] Needleless electrode electrospray device Figure 1 shown.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the distance between the needle-free electrode and the fabric on the metal plate is 10 to 30 cm.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the spinning voltage is 40-55 kV.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the reciprocating speed of the brush tank is 100-300 mm / s.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the fabric width is 500-1500 mm; and the winding roller rotation speed is 0.5-2.0 m / min.

[0028] In an embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the fabric is selected from one of polyester-cotton blended fabric, cotton-linen blended fabric, silk-cotton blended fabric, and wool-polyester blended fabric.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the heat-drying temperature is 130-180° C., and the heat-drying time is 10-15 minutes.

[0030] The second object of the present invention is to provide a needle-free electrode electrosprayed micro-nano oil-resistant fabric prepared by the above preparation method.

[0031] The third object of the present invention is to provide the application of the above-mentioned needle-free electrode electrosprayed micro-nano oil-resistant fabric in the field of textiles.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, the application includes application in oil-resistant textiles.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, the applications include applications in baby clothing, automotive interiors, food and beverage protective fabrics, and outdoor clothing.

[0034] Beneficial effects:

[0035] Electrostatic spraying applies a high-molecular-weight polymer spinning solution containing an oil-repellent substance to the fabric surface, achieving excellent oil-repellency with a small amount of oil-repellent. Using a needleless electrode instead of a traditional needle-type electrode improves electrospinning efficiency and reduces equipment maintenance costs. A brush trough reciprocates across the needleless electrode to evenly coat the spinning solution, reducing dope usage and improving dope utilization.

[0036] The present invention electrosprays a high molecular weight polymer containing an oil-resistant substance onto the surface of the fabric to form a fine network structure, and a small amount of the micro-nano high molecular weight polymer is melted by a physical method of heat drying. The high molecular weight polymer acts as a cross-linking agent, fixing the oil-resistant substance to the surface of the fabric, thereby improving the bonding strength between the oil-resistant component and the fabric fibers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a needleless electrode EFI device;

[0038] In the figure: 1. Needle-free electrode; 2. Brush tank; 3. High-voltage DC power supply; 4. Winding roller; 5. Metal plate; 6. Fabric.

[0039] Figure 2 These are the scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the fabric of Example 1; (a) (b) are scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the untreated fabric, (c) (d) are scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the needle-free electrode electrosprayed fabric; (e) (f) are scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the needle-free electrode electrosprayed micro-nano oil-resistant fabric.

[0040] Figure 3 Optical contact angle images of the fabric in Example 1. (a) Oleophobic angle of untreated fabric; (b) Oleophobic angle of needle-free electrode electrosprayed fabric; (c) Oleophobic angle of needle-free electrode electrosprayed micro-nano oil-repellent fabric. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The needle-free electrode electrospraying device used in the embodiment includes the following components: a needle-free electrode 1, a liquid brush tank 2, a high-voltage DC power supply 3, a winding roller 4, and a metal plate 5. The needle-free electrode 1 is a metal wire with a smooth surface. Two needle-free electrodes 1 are arranged in parallel with a spacing of 40 cm. The needle-free electrode 1 is connected in series with the liquid brush tank 2. The liquid brush tank 2 can reciprocate on the needle-free electrode 1. The needle-free electrode 1 is connected to the positive pole of the high-voltage DC power supply 3. A metal plate 5 is arranged directly above the needle-free electrode 1. The metal plate 5 is connected to the negative pole of the high-voltage power supply 3 or is grounded. The winding roller 4 drives the fabric 6 to move, and its moving position is in the middle area between the needle-free electrode 1 and the metal plate 5.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] A method for preparing a needle-free electrode electrosprayed micro-nano oil-resistant fabric comprises the following steps:

[0044] S1. 8 g of a perfluoroalkyl carboxylate chromium complex waterproofing agent was slowly added to 100 g of N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) with magnetic stirring at 350 rpm and stirred at room temperature for 2 h. Then, 8 g of a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) was added to the solution and stirred at room temperature for 6 h to obtain a spinning solution.

[0045] S2. The spinning solution was electrosprayed onto a 60 / 40 polyester-cotton blended fabric having a width of 1000mm by a needle-free electrode electrospraying device; the reciprocating speed of the electrospraying brush tank was 160mm / s, the spinning voltage was 50kV, the distance between the needle-free electrode 1 and the fabric on the metal plate 5 was 20cm, and the winding roller 4 was wound at a speed of 1m / min to obtain a needle-free electrode electrosprayed fabric;

[0046] S3. Place the needle-free electrode electrosprayed fabric in a vacuum drying oven at 160°C for 10 minutes to obtain the needle-free electrode electrosprayed micro-nano oil-resistant fabric.

[0047] Figure 2 The following are scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of Example 1: (a) and (b) are SEM images of the untreated fabric; (c) and (d) are SEM images of the needle-free electrode electrosprayed fabric prepared in step S2; and (e) and (f) are SEM images of the needle-free electrode electrosprayed micro-nano oil-repellent fabric with oil-repellent properties after heat-drying in step S3. (a), (c), and (e) are at a magnification of 600×, while (b), (d), and (f) are at a magnification of 1000×. After the heat-drying step in S3, the TPU becomes molten, allowing the oil-repellent substance to better bond to the fabric surface.

[0048] Figure 3 The oleophobic angle of the fabric is shown in Figure 1. (a) shows the oleophobic angle of the untreated fabric; (b) shows the oleophobic angle of the needle-free electrode electrosprayed fabric (121.4°); and (c) shows the oleophobic angle of the needle-free electrode electrosprayed micro-nano oil-repellent fabric (128.1°) after heat drying. As can be seen from the figure, the oleophobic effect is improved after heat drying.

[0049] The needle-free electrode electrospraying micro-nano oil-resistant fabric prepared in Example 1 is subjected to performance testing, wherein anti-oil stain performance is tested by the method for GB / T19977-2014 " textile oil repellency anti-hydrocarbon test ", and oil-repellent grade is given, and the higher the oil-repellent grade, the better the anti-oil effect. Before washing, its anti-oil stain grade 5-6 level, possesses preferably or excellent oil-repellent performance. After washing, its anti-oil stain grade 3-4 level, possesses preferably oil-repellent water-resistant performance.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] A method for preparing a needle-free electrode electrosprayed micro-nano oil-resistant fabric comprises the following steps:

[0052] S1. 3.5 g of a perfluoroalkyl carboxylate chromium complex waterproofing agent was slowly added to 50 g of N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) with magnetic stirring at 300 rpm and stirred at room temperature for 2 h. Then, 3.5 g of a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) was added to the solution and stirred at room temperature for 6 h to obtain a spinning solution.

[0053] S2. The spinning solution was electrosprayed onto the surface of a fabric having a width of 1200mm by a needle-free electrode electrospraying device; the reciprocating speed of the electrospraying brush tank was 200mm / s, the spinning voltage was 55kV, the distance between the needle-free electrode 1 and the fabric on the metal plate 5 was 20cm, and the winding roller 4 was wound at a speed of 1m / min to obtain a needle-free electrode electrosprayed fabric;

[0054] S3. Place the needle-free electrode electrosprayed fabric in a vacuum drying oven at 160°C for 10 minutes to obtain the needle-free electrode electrosprayed micro-nano oil-resistant fabric.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] A method for preparing a needle-free electrode electrosprayed micro-nano oil-resistant fabric comprises the following steps:

[0057] S1. 4.5 g of a perfluoroalkyl carboxylate chromium complex waterproofing agent was slowly added to 50 g of N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) with magnetic stirring at 320 rpm and stirred at room temperature for 2 h. Then, 4.5 g of a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) was added to the solution and stirred at room temperature for 8 h to obtain a spinning solution.

[0058] S2. The spinning solution was electrosprayed onto the surface of a fabric having a width of 1100mm by a needle-free electrode electrospraying device; the reciprocating speed of the electrospraying brush tank was 240mm / s, the spinning voltage was 45kV, the distance between the needle-free electrode 1 and the fabric on the metal plate 5 was 25cm, and the winding roller 4 was wound at a speed of 1m / min to obtain a needle-free electrode electrosprayed fabric;

[0059] S3. Place the needle-free electrode electrosprayed fabric in a vacuum drying oven at 130°C for 15 minutes to obtain the needle-free electrode electrosprayed micro-nano oil-resistant fabric.

[0060] The embodiments provided above are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, nor are the steps described to limit their execution order. Any obvious improvements to the present invention made by those skilled in the art in combination with existing common knowledge shall fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a needle-free electrode electrosprayed micro-nano oil-resistant fabric, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. The oil-resistant substance and the polymer are dissolved in an organic solution to obtain a spinning solution; S2. Electrospray the spinning solution onto the surface of the fabric through a needle-free electrode electrospray device, and obtain the needle-free electrode electrosprayed micro-nano oil-resistant fabric after heat drying.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S1, the high molecular polymer is selected from one or more of polyurethane, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, and polymethyl methacrylate; the oil-resistant substance is selected from one or more of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid chromium complex, fluorinated acrylate polymer, fluorosilicone organic compound, and fluorinated urea polymer; and the organic solvent is selected from one or more of N,N-dimethylformamide DMF, dimethylacetamide, tetrahydrofuran, and ethanol.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S1, the concentration of the high molecular weight polymer in the spinning solution is 6-8 wt%, and the concentration of the oil-resistant substance is 6-8 wt%.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S2, the needle-less electrode electrospraying device includes a needle-less electrode, a brush tank, a high-voltage DC power supply, a winding roller, and a metal plate; The needle-free electrode is a metal wire with a smooth surface or spiral patterns; 2 to 4 needle-free electrodes are arranged in parallel; The needle-free electrode is connected in series with the brush tank; the brush tank can perform reciprocating motion on the needle-free electrode; The needle-free electrode is connected to the positive terminal of a high-voltage DC power supply; A metal plate is provided directly above the needle-free electrode; the metal plate is connected to the negative pole of the high-voltage power supply or to the ground; The winding roller drives the fabric to move, and its moving position is in the middle area between the needle-free electrode and the metal plate.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that The distance between two adjacent needle-free electrodes is 30 to 50 cm.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S2, the distance between the needle-free electrode and the fabric on the metal plate is 10 to 30 cm; the spinning voltage is 40 to 55 kV; the reciprocating speed of the brush tank is 100 to 300 mm / s; the fabric width is 500 to 1500 mm; and the winding roller rotation speed is 0.5 to 2.0 m / min.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S2, the fabric is selected from one of polyester-cotton blended fabric, cotton-linen blended fabric, silk-cotton blended fabric, and wool-polyester blended fabric.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S2, the heat-drying temperature is 130-180° C., and the heat-drying time is 10-15 minutes.

9. The needle-free electrode electrosprayed micro-nano oil-resistant fabric prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Use of the needle-free electrode electrosprayed micro-nano oil-resistant fabric according to claim 9 in the field of textiles.

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