Deep well resource exploitation heat damage prevention and comprehensive utilization method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of deep well resource exploitation heat damage prevention and control and comprehensive utilization method, comprising the following steps: design stope, ditch, water storage's heat preservation layer and stope's heat extraction pipeline;According to design result, install stope, ditch, water storage's heat preservation layer and stope's heat extraction pipeline;When stope fills body and starts to release heat, cooling water is introduced into heat extraction pipeline, and the cooling water after heat absorption is drained to ditch, and is discharged into water storage through ditch;Geothermal gushing is drained to ditch, and is discharged into water storage through ditch;When the heat release of stope fills body is completed, heat extraction pipeline is removed.The application has simple process flow, convenient construction, low cost, can fully utilize heat damage while preventing and controlling heat damage, and has significant economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining technology, and in particular to a method for preventing and controlling heat hazards and comprehensively utilizing deep well resources. Background Technology

[0002] In deep mining of high-grade ore bodies with unstable surrounding rock, the access-type backfill mining method is often used. However, the heat released by hydration of the backfill in access-type stopes cannot be eliminated, resulting in extremely high temperatures in the stope, sections, and connecting tunnels, affecting the safety of stope operations. Especially in deep-well mining, there are not only heat hazards from the stope backfill but also geothermal heat hazards (such as geothermal water inrush). Therefore, how to manage and utilize stope backfill and geothermal heat hazards has become an urgent need in modern mining.

[0003] Several solutions exist in the existing technology, but each has its own shortcomings. For example, CN115075859A proposes a ventilation system for deep mining of metal mines and a method for controlling heat hazards. This method uses remote commands issued by ground monitoring to start and stop underground fans, and uses mine water as a cold source to achieve high-temperature cooling underground. Although it can reduce the temperature and humidity of the working environment on the working face and achieve heat hazard control in metal mines, it requires the deployment of a large network underground, and the large number of devices involved in heat hazard control in metal mines results in high material and operating costs. CN114837739A proposes a coal-water-heat synergistic mining and water hazard and heat hazard control system. This system completes heat extraction through a mine water reinjection unit and heat exchange through an aquifer drainage and depressurization unit. Although it can realize the utilization of geothermal resources in mine water inflow and roadway surrounding rock heat hazards, the process is complex, the operation is difficult, and the aquifer drainage and depressurization unit and heat exchange unit cannot be reused, resulting in high investment costs. The publication number CN108087013A proposes a mine cooling and heat hazard utilization system. This system extracts heat from the surrounding rock by placing a two-phase closed thermosiphon tube heat collection and cooling device in the surrounding rock. The heat is then absorbed by the mine water flow. The extracted heat energy from the surrounding rock is then applied to surface buildings. Although the structure is simple and can extract heat from the surrounding rock, the process is complex and construction is difficult. Furthermore, the system needs to be rebuilt as deep resource mining extends and the surrounding rock heat is completely absorbed.

[0004] Given the shortcomings of the existing technologies, there is an urgent need to propose a solution that is simple in process, easy to construct, and low in cost. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a method for the prevention and comprehensive utilization of heat hazards in deep well resource extraction. This method has a simple process flow, is convenient to construct, and has low cost. While preventing and controlling heat hazards, it also makes full use of the heat hazards, resulting in significant economic benefits.

[0006] The method for preventing and controlling heat hazards in deep well resource extraction and for comprehensive utilization according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0007] Design the insulation layer for the mining area, ditches, and water tanks, as well as the heat extraction pipelines for the mining area;

[0008] According to the design results, the insulation layer of the mining area, water ditch, and water tank, as well as the heat extraction pipes of the mining area, shall be installed.

[0009] When the filling material in the mining area begins to release heat, cooling water is introduced into the heat extraction pipe, and the cooled water after absorbing heat is diverted to the water ditch and discharged into the water tank through the water ditch;

[0010] Geothermal water is diverted to the ditch and then discharged into the water tank.

[0011] Once the heat from the filling material in the mining area has been released, the heat extraction pipe is dismantled.

[0012] The method for preventing and controlling heat hazards in deep well resource extraction and for comprehensive utilization according to embodiments of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] By installing insulation layers and heat extraction pipes to absorb heat hazards from the backfill in the mining area, and by diverting the cooled water and geothermal water from the heat extraction pipes to a ditch and then into a water tank, not only are heat hazards from the backfill and geothermal sources addressed, but the hot water discharged into the water tank can also be utilized for thermal energy (the insulation layers of the ditch and water tank prevent heat loss). This method not only controls heat hazards but also makes full use of them, resulting in significant economic benefits. Furthermore, the cost of heat hazard control can be greatly reduced by dismantling the heat extraction pipes for recycling. In addition, this method has a simple process, is easy to construct, and is highly practical.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the insulation layer of the design of the mining area, water ditch, and water tank includes:

[0015] The thickness of the insulation layer is calculated using the following formula:

[0016]

[0017] In the formula, ξ0 is the calculated thickness of the insulation layer, in meters (m); λ is the thermal conductivity of the insulation material, in W / (m·K); ΔT0 is the temperature difference between the outer surface of the insulation layer and the ambient temperature inside the mining area, in °C; and q is the maximum allowable heat flux density, in W / m³. 2 ;

[0018] The actual thickness of the insulation layer is calculated using the following formula:

[0019]

[0020] In the formula, ξ is the actual thickness of the insulation layer, in meters (m); k is the safety factor for the thickness of the insulation layer.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the heat extraction pipeline of the designed mining site includes:

[0022] The heat release of the backfill material in the stope is calculated using the following formula:

[0023] Q f =m(c·ΔT+H),

[0024] In the formula, Q f ΔT is the heat release of the filling material, J; m is the mass of the filling material, kg; c is the specific heat capacity of the filling material, J / (kg·K); ΔT is the temperature change of the filling material, °C; H is the heat of curing of the filling material, J / kg;

[0025] The diameter of the heat extraction pipe is calculated using the following formula:

[0026] Q f =ρ·Q v ·c v ·ΔT v ,

[0027] Q v =π·r 2 ·v,

[0028]

[0029] In the formula, Q v The volumetric flow rate (m) at the cross-section of the heat extraction pipe. 3 / s; ρ is the density of the cooling water in the heat extraction pipe, kg / m³ 3 c v ΔT is the specific heat capacity of cooling water, J / (kg·K); v denoted as , where is the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water in the heat extraction pipe, in °C; v is the flow velocity of the cooling water in the heat extraction pipe, in m / s; d is the diameter of the heat extraction pipe, in m; and r is the radius of the heat extraction pipe, in m.

[0030] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the heat extraction pipeline of the designed mining site further includes:

[0031] The length of the heat extraction pipe is calculated using the following formula:

[0032]

[0033] In the formula, L is the length of the heat extraction pipe, in meters; Q is the heat absorbed by the heat extraction pipe, in j, and Q = Q f U is the overall heat transfer coefficient, W / (m²). 2 ·K); ΔT mThe logarithmic mean temperature difference is expressed in °C.

[0034] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the design of the insulation layer of the mining area includes: designing an insulation layer at the top of the mining area and designing a support layer on the insulation layer at the top of the mining area; the design of the heat extraction pipeline of the mining area includes: designing a first pipeline passing through the support layer and the insulation layer at the top of the mining area, and a second pipeline located at the opening of the mining area entrance and detachably connected to the first pipeline.

[0035] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the side of the support layer that contacts the first pipe is coated with lubricating oil.

[0036] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the supporting layer is a flexible structure.

[0037] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the method for preventing and controlling heat hazards in deep well resource extraction and for comprehensive utilization further includes the following steps:

[0038] The hot water in the water tank, with a temperature above 70°C, is used for geothermal power generation for use underground; the hot water in the water tank, with a temperature below 70°C, is pumped to the surface for industrial drying and heating.

[0039] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the insulation layer of the mining area is made of EPS board, and the insulation layer of the water ditch and the water tank is made of XPS board.

[0040] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the heat extraction pipe is one of PEX pipe, PERT pipe, or PB pipe.

[0041] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0042] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0043] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for preventing and controlling heat hazards in deep well resource mining and for comprehensive utilization according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the insulation layer in the mining area according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling water being diverted from the heat extraction pipe to the water ditch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the heat extraction pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Icon labels:

[0048] Mining area 100, access road opening 101, water ditch 110;

[0049] Insulation layer 200;

[0050] Heat extraction pipe 300, water inlet 301, water outlet 302, first pipe 310, second pipe 320, first sleeve 330, second sleeve 340. Detailed Implementation

[0051] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0052] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0053] In the description of this invention, "multiple" refers to two or more. The use of "first" and "second" is for distinguishing technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or their sequential relationship.

[0054] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0055] Reference Figures 1 to 4 An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preventing and controlling heat hazards in deep well resource extraction and for comprehensive utilization, comprising the following steps:

[0056] The design includes the insulation layer 200 for the mining area 100, the water ditch 110, and the water tank, as well as the heat extraction pipeline 300 for the mining area 100.

[0057] According to the design results, the insulation layer 200 is installed in the mining area 100, the water ditch 110, and the water tank, as well as the heat extraction pipe 300 is installed in the mining area 100; among them, the insulation layer 200 can prevent heat hazards from escaping during deep mining, ensure the safety of underground operations, and also contain heat.

[0058] When the filling material in the mining area 100 begins to release heat, cooling water is introduced into the heat extraction pipe 300 to absorb the heat released by the filling material, and the cooled water after absorbing heat is diverted to the water ditch 110 and discharged into the water tank through the water ditch 110, thereby transferring the heat of the filling material to the water tank.

[0059] The geothermal water is diverted to the water ditch 110 and discharged into the water tank through the water ditch 110, thereby transferring the heat of the geothermal water to the water tank;

[0060] After the heat from the filling material in the stope has been released, the heat extraction pipe 300 is removed so that it can be reused in the next stope 100.

[0061] The method for heat hazard prevention and comprehensive utilization in deep well resource extraction according to this invention involves installing an insulation layer 200 and a heat extraction pipe 300 to absorb heat hazards from the filling material within the stope 100. Cooling water and geothermal water absorbed by the heat extraction pipe 300 are diverted to a water ditch 110 and then discharged into a water tank. This not only controls heat hazards from the filling material and geothermal heat, but also allows for the utilization of the hot water discharged into the water tank (the insulation layer 200 in the water ditch 110 and water tank prevents heat loss). This method not only prevents heat hazards but also makes full use of them, resulting in significant economic benefits. Furthermore, the cost of heat hazard prevention can be significantly reduced by dismantling the heat extraction pipe 300 for recycling. In addition, this method has a simple process, is easy to construct, and is highly practical.

[0062] Understandably, the thickness of the insulation layer 200 is a key parameter to ensure that the heat in the filling body, water ditch 110 and water tank does not dissipate, so the thickness of the insulation layer 200 needs to be calculated.

[0063] Based on this, in some embodiments of the present invention, designing the insulation layer 200 of the mining area 100, the ditch 110, and the water tank includes: selecting a suitable material for the insulation layer 200, calculating the calculated thickness of the insulation layer 200, and calculating the actual thickness of the insulation layer 200.

[0064] Understandably, the material of the insulation layer 200 needs to consider factors such as insulation performance, price, construction difficulty, and durability. In this embodiment, the insulation layer 200 of the mining area 100 is made of EPS board (polystyrene board), and the insulation layer 200 of the water ditch 110 and water tank is made of XPS board (extruded polystyrene board). When installing the insulation layer 200, long nails can be used to fix it to the inner wall of the mining area 100, the inner wall of the water ditch 110, and the inner wall of the water tank.

[0065] The thickness of the insulation layer is calculated using the following formula:

[0066]

[0067] In the formula, ξ0 is the calculated thickness of the insulation layer, in meters (m); λ is the thermal conductivity of the insulation material, in W / (m·K); ΔT0 is the temperature difference between the outer surface of the insulation layer and the ambient temperature inside the mining area, in degrees Celsius (°C); and q is the maximum allowable heat flux density, in W / m³. 2 Generally, 30-50 W / m is used. 2 ;

[0068] The actual thickness should be calculated by adding a certain safety factor to account for material aging and installation errors. Therefore, the actual thickness of the insulation layer is calculated using the following formula:

[0069]

[0070] In the formula, ξ is the actual thickness of the insulation layer, in meters; k is the safety factor for the thickness of the insulation layer, which is generally taken as 1.1 to 1.2 according to national safety standards.

[0071] It should be noted that when the materials of the insulation layer 200 of the mining area 100, the water ditch 110 and the water tank are different, the thermal conductivity of the corresponding materials is different, so the actual thickness of the insulation layer is also different, and it needs to be calculated separately.

[0072] In some embodiments of the present invention, designing the heat extraction pipe 300 of the mining area 100 includes: selecting a suitable material for the heat extraction pipe 300, calculating the heat release of the filling material in the mining area, calculating the diameter of the heat extraction pipe 300, and calculating the length of the heat extraction pipe 300.

[0073] It is understandable that the heat extraction pipe 300 needs to be flexible, temperature resistant (-10~90℃), not easily deformed under long-term pressure, and cost-effective. Therefore, in some embodiments, the heat extraction pipe 300 can be made of plastic hose, specifically one or more of PEX pipe (cross-linked polyethylene pipe), PERT pipe (high temperature resistant polyethylene pipe), and PB pipe (polybutene pipe); of course, the material of the heat extraction pipe 300 is not limited to the above-mentioned materials.

[0074] It is understandable that the dominant heat release in downhole packing is the heat release from hydration and the subsequent heat release from solidification. Therefore, after extraction, ignoring the influence of the environment on the hydration reaction of the packing, the heat load formula is used to calculate the heat release from hydration and solidification of the packing, i.e., the heat release of the packing is calculated using the following formula:

[0075] Q f =m(c·ΔT+H),

[0076] In the formula, Q fΔT is the heat release of the filling material, in J; m is the mass of the filling material, in kg; c is the specific heat capacity of the filling material, in J / (kg·k), generally taken as 800-1000 J / (kg·k); ΔT is the temperature change of the filling material, in °C; H is the heat of curing of the filling material, in J / kg, generally taken as 300-500 J / kg.

[0077] Based on the calculated heat release of the filling material, all of this heat should be absorbed by the cooling water in the heat extraction pipe 300. Therefore, the diameter of the heat extraction pipe 300 is calculated using the following formula:

[0078] Q f =ρ·Q v ·c v ·ΔT v ,

[0079] Q v =π·r 2 ·v,

[0080]

[0081] In the formula, Q v The volumetric flow rate at the cross-section of the heat extraction pipe, expressed in m³. 3 / s; ρ is the density of the cooling water in the heat extraction pipe, in kg / m³. 3 c v ΔT is the specific heat capacity of cooling water, expressed in J / (kg·K); v The temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water in the heat extraction pipe is expressed in °C; v is the flow velocity of the cooling water in the heat extraction pipe, expressed in m / s; d is the diameter of the heat extraction pipe, expressed in m; and r is the radius of the heat extraction pipe, expressed in m.

[0082] After calculating the diameter of the heat extraction pipe 300, the length of the heat extraction pipe 300 also needs to be calculated. The specific process is as follows:

[0083] The heat transfer equation for heat absorption in the pipe is expressed as follows:

[0084] Q=U·A·ΔT m ,

[0085] In the formula, Q represents the heat absorbed by the heat extraction pipe, in J, Q = Q f U is the overall heat transfer coefficient, with units of W / (m²). 2 The value of K depends on the pipe material, fluid properties, and environment, and needs to be determined through experiments or engineering manuals. For plastic hoses, it is generally 5-30 W / (m). 2 ·K); A is the heat absorption surface area of ​​the heat extraction pipe, in m². 2 ;ΔT m This is the logarithmic mean temperature difference, in °C.

[0086] In addition, U, A, ΔT m It is expressed as follows:

[0087]

[0088] A = π·d·L,

[0089]

[0090] In the formula, h i The convective heat transfer coefficient inside the pipe, expressed in W / (m²). 2 ·K), cold water under forced convection is generally taken as 1000W / (m³). 2 ·K); δ is the pipe wall thickness, in meters (m), and the wall thickness of plastic hoses is usually 1-3 mm; h0 is the convective heat transfer coefficient on the outside of the pipe, in W / (m²). 2 ·K), air under natural convection is generally taken as 15-20W / (m²). 2 ·K); λ is the thermal conductivity of the pipe material, in W / (m·K), and the thermal conductivity of plastic hoses is generally taken as 0.1~0.5W / (m·K); L is the length of the heat extraction pipe, in m.

[0091] Based on the above formula, the length of the heat extraction pipe 300 mm can be calculated using the following formula:

[0092]

[0093] In some embodiments of the present invention, the design of the insulation layer 200 of the mining area 100 includes: designing an insulation layer 200 on the top of the mining area 100, and designing a support layer on the insulation layer 200 on the top of the mining area 100; the design of the heat extraction pipe 300 of the mining area 100 includes: designing a first pipe 310 passing through the support layer and the insulation layer 200 on the top of the mining area 100, and a second pipe 320 located at the entrance opening 101 of the mining area 100 and detachably connected to the first pipe 310, that is, the heat extraction pipe 300 includes the first pipe 310 and the second pipe 320.

[0094] In this embodiment, by setting the first pipe 310 and the second pipe 320 at the top of the mining area 100 and the access opening 101 respectively, the heat absorption effect can be guaranteed. On the other hand, the top of the mining area 100 and the access opening 101 are less affected by the filling body, and the pipes are easy to recover.

[0095] Understandably, to facilitate the recovery of the first pipe 310, the installation of the support layer should meet the requirement that the first pipe 310 can be pulled out from between the support layer and the insulation layer 200 along the length of the mining area 100. That is, an installation space is defined between the support layer and the insulation layer 200 at the top of the mining area. This installation space has gaps reserved on both sides along the length of the mining area 100 for the first pipe 310 to pass through. In this way, when removing the first pipe 310, the second pipe 320 can be removed first, and then the first pipe 310 can be pulled out along the length of the mining area 100.

[0096] It is conceivable that multiple first pipes 310 can be provided, arranged at intervals along the width direction of the stope 100. The ends of multiple first pipes 310 away from the access opening 101 can be connected by a first sleeve 330, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the first pipe 310. Multiple second pipes 320 can also be provided, arranged at intervals along the width direction of the stope 100. The diameters of the first pipes 310 and the second pipes 320 are the same. The first pipes 310 and the second pipes 320 are connected by a second sleeve 340, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the first pipe 310.

[0097] Obviously, based on the calculated length of the heat extraction pipe 300, combined with the length, width and height of the mining area 100, the required quantity of the first pipe 310 and the second pipe 320 can be calculated.

[0098] In some embodiments of the present invention, the side of the support layer that contacts the first pipe 310 is coated with lubricating oil, so that when the first pipe 310 is removed, the pulling resistance is small and the removal operation is smoother.

[0099] In some embodiments of the present invention, the support layer is a flexible structure, specifically cloth, burlap sacks, etc., and there can be multiple of them; during installation, it can be covered on the insulation layer 200, and then multiple small nails are used to nail it on the insulation layer 200. The number of small nails must meet the requirement that the support layer and the first pipe 310 will not fall off.

[0100] Based on the above embodiments, it is conceivable that the insulation layer 200 and the heat extraction pipe 300 on the top of the stope 100 can be installed in two sequences. One is to first install the insulation layer 200 on the inner wall of the stope 100, then install the first pipe 310 through the support layer, and finally connect the second pipe 320 to the first pipe 310. The other is to first install the first pipe 310 on the insulation layer 200 through the support layer before installing the insulation layer 200, then install the insulation layer 200 on the inner wall of the stope 100, and finally connect the second pipe 320 to the first pipe 310.

[0101] The following example uses a burlap sack as the support layer and the second installation sequence described above.

[0102] During installation, the operation is first carried out on the ground. The burlap sack is covered on the insulation layer 200, and then several small nails are used to nail the insulation layer 200. The first pipe 310 is then passed between the burlap sack and the insulation layer 200. After installation, it is carried to the site and the insulation layer 200 is installed on the inner wall of the mining area 100. After the insulation layer 200 is installed, the second pipe 320 is connected to the first pipe 310.

[0103] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method for heat hazard prevention and comprehensive utilization in deep well resource extraction further includes the following steps: using hot water above 70°C in the water tank for geothermal power generation for use in the well; and pumping hot water below 70°C in the water tank to the surface for industrial drying and heating, thereby making full use of heat hazards.

[0104] To better understand this solution, the following describes a specific embodiment of the deep well resource extraction heat hazard prevention and comprehensive utilization method, using a rectangular stope with an access route (stope length of 20-30m) as an example. This method includes the following steps:

[0105] Step 1: Design the insulation layer 200 of the stope 100, the ditch 110, and the water tank, as well as the heat extraction pipe 300 of the stope 100; wherein, the design of the insulation layer 200 of the stope 100 includes: designing the insulation layer 200 on the top of the stope 100, both sides in the width direction of the stope 100, and the side of the stope 100 away from the access opening 101 in the length direction, and designing a support layer on the insulation layer 200 on the top of the stope 100; the design of the heat extraction pipe 300 of the stope includes: designing a first pipe 310 that passes between the support layer and the insulation layer 200 on the top of the stope 100, and a second pipe 320 located at the access opening 101 of the stope 100 and detachably connected to the first pipe 310.

[0106] The specific process is as follows: First, select suitable materials for the insulation layer 200, the heat extraction pipe 300, and the support layer. Then, calculate the actual thickness of the insulation layer 200 (mining area 100, water ditch 110, and water tank), the diameter of the heat extraction pipe 300, and the length of the heat extraction pipe 300 using the formulas mentioned above. After the calculations are completed, the materials are manufactured. In this embodiment, the insulation layer 200 of the mining area 100 is made of EPS board, the insulation layer 200 in the water ditch 110 and the water tank is made of XPS board, the heat extraction pipe 300 is made of plastic hose, and one of PEX pipe, PERT pipe, or PB pipe is selected. The support layer is made of burlap sack.

[0107] Step 2: Install the insulation layer 200 and the heat extraction pipe 300 of the mining area 100.

[0108] The specific process is as follows: During installation, the operation is first carried out on the ground. Lubricating oil is applied to the burlap sack, and the burlap sack is placed over the insulation layer 200 (the insulation layer 200 needs to be installed on the top of the mining area 100). Then, the burlap sack is nailed to the insulation layer 200 with several small nails. The first pipe 310 is then passed between the burlap sack and the insulation layer 200. After installation, the insulation layer 200 with the first pipe 310 installed and other insulation layers 200 are carried to the site and installed on the inner wall of the mining area 100. After the insulation layer 200 is installed, the second pipe 320 is connected to the first pipe 310.

[0109] Step 3: Install the insulation layer 200 of the water ditch 110 and the water tank; specifically, long nails can be used to fix the insulation layer 200 to the inner wall of the water ditch 110 and the inner wall of the water tank.

[0110] Step 4: When the filling material in the mining area 100 begins to release heat, cooling water is introduced into the heat extraction pipe 300 from the inlet 301 to absorb the heat released by the filling material, and the cooled water flowing out from the outlet 302 is diverted to the water ditch 110 and discharged into the water tank through the water ditch 110; at the same time, geothermal water is diverted to the water ditch 110 and discharged into the water tank through the water ditch 110.

[0111] Step 5: Use the hot water in the water tank above 70°C for geothermal power generation to supply underground use; pump the hot water in the water tank below 70°C to the surface for industrial drying and heating, making full use of the heat.

[0112] Step Six: After the heat from the filling material in stope 100 has been released, remove the heat extraction pipe 300 for reuse in the next stope. The specific operation is as follows: first remove the second pipe 320, and then pull the first pipe 310 along the length of stope 100 at the access opening 101.

[0113] It should be noted that the above provides the steps of one specific embodiment. In actual application, adjustments can be made according to the actual situation. For example, steps two and three can be performed simultaneously to reduce time.

[0114] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preventing and comprehensively utilizing heat hazards during deep well resource extraction, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Design the insulation layer for the mining area, ditches, and water tanks, as well as the heat extraction pipelines for the mining area; According to the design results, the insulation layer of the mining area, water ditch, and water tank, as well as the heat extraction pipes of the mining area, shall be installed. When the filling material in the mining area begins to release heat, cooling water is introduced into the heat extraction pipe, and the cooled water after absorbing heat is diverted to the water ditch and discharged into the water tank through the water ditch; Geothermal water is diverted to the ditch and then discharged into the water tank. Once the heat from the filling material in the mining area has been released, the heat extraction pipe is removed. The insulation layer of the designed mining area, ditches, and water tanks includes: The thickness of the insulation layer is calculated using the following formula: ， In the formula, The calculated thickness of the insulation layer is in meters (m). is the thermal conductivity of the insulation material, W / (m·K); The temperature difference between the outer surface of the insulation layer and the ambient temperature inside the mining area, expressed in °C. For the maximum permissible heat flux density, W / m 2 ; The actual thickness of the insulation layer is calculated using the following formula: ， In the formula, The actual thickness of the insulation layer is in meters (m). The thickness safety factor of the insulation layer; The heat extraction pipelines of the designed mining site include: The heat release of the backfill material in the stope is calculated using the following formula: , In the formula, The heat release of the filling material, J; The mass of the filling material is expressed in kg. The specific heat capacity of the filling material is J / (kg·K); The temperature change of the filling material is expressed in °C. The curing heat of the filler is expressed in J / kg. The diameter of the heat extraction pipe is calculated using the following formula: ， ， ， In the formula, The volumetric flow rate (m) at the cross-section of the heat extraction pipe. 3 / s; The density of the cooling water in the heat extraction pipeline is expressed in kg / m³. , where J / (kg·k) is the specific heat capacity of cooling water. The temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water in the heat extraction pipe is expressed in °C. The velocity of the cooling water in the heat extraction pipe is expressed in m / s. The diameter of the heat extraction pipe is in meters (m). Let be the radius of the heat extraction pipe, in meters (m).

2. The method for preventing and controlling heat hazards in deep well resource extraction and for comprehensive utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat extraction pipeline of the designed mining site also includes: The length of the heat extraction pipe is calculated using the following formula: ， In the formula, The length of the heat extraction pipe is in meters (m). The heat absorbed by the heat extraction pipe, J, ; The overall heat transfer coefficient is expressed in W / (m²·K). The logarithmic mean temperature difference is expressed in °C.

3. The method for preventing and controlling heat hazards in deep well resource extraction and for comprehensive utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulation layer of the designed mining area includes: designing an insulation layer at the top of the mining area, and designing a support layer on the insulation layer at the top of the mining area; The heat extraction pipeline of the designed mining area includes: a first pipeline designed to pass through the support layer and the top insulation layer of the mining area, and a second pipeline located at the opening of the mining area entrance and detachably connected to the first pipeline.

4. The method for preventing and controlling heat hazards in deep well resource extraction and for comprehensive utilization according to claim 3, characterized in that, The side of the support layer that contacts the first pipe is coated with lubricating oil.

5. The method for heat hazard prevention and comprehensive utilization in deep well resource extraction according to claim 3, characterized in that, The supporting layer is a flexible structure.

6. The method for heat hazard prevention and comprehensive utilization in deep well resource extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preventing and controlling heat hazards in deep well resource extraction and for comprehensive utilization also includes the following steps: The hot water in the water tank, with a temperature above 70°C, is used for geothermal power generation for use underground; the hot water in the water tank, with a temperature below 70°C, is pumped to the surface for industrial drying and heating.

7. The method for preventing and controlling heat hazards in deep well resource extraction and for comprehensive utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulation layer of the mining area is made of EPS board, while the insulation layer of the water ditch and the water tank is made of XPS board.

8. The method for preventing and controlling heat hazards in deep well resource extraction and for comprehensive utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat extraction pipeline uses one of the following: PEX pipe, PERT pipe, or PB pipe.

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