Variable injection integrated high-flow low-carbon fuel injector based on variable flow area

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a variable injection integrated high-flow low-carbon fuel injector based on a variable flow area, and belongs to the field of injectors. Comprising an internal needle valve low-carbon fuel injection control valve, an external ball valve hydrogen injection control valve and electromagnetic valve assemblies matched with the internal needle valve low-carbon fuel injection control valve and the external ball valve hydrogen injection control valve. The double-hole nozzle assembly with the multiple matched sealing faces is installed below the ejector body and comprises a sealing assembly and an inner and outer spraying hole structure. The low-carbon fuel injection flow area is changed to meet the supply requirements of hydrogen fuel under different working conditions by utilizing the cooperative control mode of the double electromagnetic valves, and on the other hand, large-flow injection of the low-carbon fuel can be achieved through cooperation of the inner valve and the outer valve, and the large-injection-amount requirement caused by the low calorific value of the low-carbon fuel is met. In addition, the valve seat assembly controlled by the spring is adopted, the reverse leakage phenomenon during low-carbon fuel injection can be prevented, and the safety and reliability of the low-carbon fuel injector are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an ejector. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing global demand for clean energy, low-carbon fuels are gaining widespread attention as efficient and environmentally friendly energy carriers. Their applications encompass fuel cell vehicles, industrial gas supply, and energy storage. To achieve efficient utilization of low-carbon fuels, the injector is a key component whose performance directly impacts the overall efficiency and stability of the system.

[0003] Currently available injectors on the market mostly use a fixed flow area design. While this may be sufficient under certain operating conditions, in practice it often struggles to adapt to transient load fluctuations and varying operating conditions. This leads to problems such as low injection efficiency, increased energy consumption, and insufficient utilization of low-carbon fuels. Therefore, a new injector is urgently needed to improve the flexibility and efficiency of low-carbon fuel injection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a variable injection integrated large flow low-carbon fuel injector based on a variable flow area, which can adjust the injection amount of low-carbon fuel in real time, thereby improving injection flexibility and efficiency.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved like this:

[0006] The present invention provides a variable injection integrated large flow low-carbon fuel injector based on a variable flow area, which is characterized by: comprising a main magnetic pole, a moving iron valve core, a supply control solenoid valve assembly No. 1, a supply control solenoid valve assembly No. 2, and an inner and outer double valve structure assembly; the supply control solenoid valve assembly No. 1 comprises a valve cover No. 1, a secondary magnetic pole No. 1, a coil group No. 1, and a moving magnetic armature group, the valve cover No. 1 is installed above the secondary magnetic pole No. 1, and the coil group No. 1 is wound inside the secondary magnetic pole No. 1; the supply control solenoid valve assembly No. 2 comprises a valve cover No. 2, a secondary magnetic pole No. 2, a coil skeleton No. 2, a spring No. 2, and a coil group No. 2, the valve cover No. 2 is installed above the secondary magnetic pole No. 2, the coil skeleton No. 2 is set in the secondary magnetic pole No. 2, and the coil group No. 2 is wound inside the coil skeleton No. 2; the inner and outer double valve structure assembly comprises a needle valve, a valve seat, and a ball valve body;

[0007] The upper part of the main magnetic pole is located above the supply control solenoid valve assembly No. 1, and the lower part of the main magnetic pole passes through the supply control solenoid valve assembly No. 1 and is located in the supply control solenoid valve assembly No. 2. The moving iron valve core is located below the main magnetic pole, and the ball valve body is located below the moving iron valve core. Spring No. 2 is installed between the main magnetic pole and the moving iron valve core. Magnetic rings are arranged on both sides of the moving iron valve core, the moving magnetic armature group is arranged inside the main magnetic pole, the needle valve is arranged below the moving magnetic armature group, the valve seat is located in the No. 2 secondary magnetic pole and outside the ball valve body, a magnetic isolation ring is arranged below the magnetic isolation ring, and a high-rigidity and high-preload spring is installed between the bottom of the magnetic isolation ring and the valve seat. The valve seat plate is installed at the bottom of the valve seat, and the needle valve head of the needle valve is sealed with the valve seat plate.

[0008] The present invention may also include:

[0009] 1. The moving magnet armature assembly includes a No. 1 spring, a permanent magnet core, an upper iron core, and a lower iron core. The permanent magnet core is installed between the upper iron core and the lower iron core. The upper and lower ends of the No. 1 spring are the main magnetic pole and the upper iron core respectively.

[0010] 2. The main air inlet passage is inside the main magnetic pole. The No. 1 valve core air inlet passage is formed between the main magnetic pole and the moving magnetic armature group. There is a gap between the main magnetic pole and the moving iron valve core. The moving iron valve core forms a magnetic sleeve gap and a channel with the magnetic ring and the isolation ring respectively. There is a spring gap with high stiffness and high preload spring. A valve core and valve seat gap is formed between the ball valve body and the valve seat. An injection chamber is provided at the bottom of the ball valve body. A valve seat channel is provided on the valve seat plate. The needle valve and the ball valve body are sealed to form a needle valve injection chamber. A needle valve valve core gap is formed between the needle valve and the ball valve body. The needle valve injection chamber and the needle valve core gap are communicated through a throttle hole. A needle valve moving iron gap is formed between the needle valve and the moving iron valve core. The needle valve moving iron gap is connected to the spring gap through the moving iron valve core channel.

[0011] 3. The valve seat channel includes the No. 2 spray hole located on the outside and the No. 1 spray hole communicating with the needle valve head.

[0012] 4. The needle valve head and the valve seat plate form a No. 1 plane sealing surface, the head of the ball valve body and the valve seat form a No. 2 ball valve sealing surface, and the head of the ball valve body and the valve seat plate form a No. 2 plane sealing surface.

[0013] 5. Low-carbon fuel enters from the main intake duct and is divided into two parts through the No. 1 valve core intake duct. One part passes through the magnetic sleeve gap, the magnetic isolation ring hole, and the spring gap from the moving iron valve core gap to reach the valve core valve seat gap, waiting to enter the injection chamber; the other part enters the needle valve moving iron gap through the moving iron valve core gap and is divided into two paths. One path also enters the spring gap through the moving iron valve core hole, and the other path directly passes through the needle valve valve core gap through the throttle hole to reach the needle valve injection chamber, waiting to be injected; when a small amount of low-carbon fuel is supplied, the No. 1 coil group is energized, and the electromagnetic force generated acts on the moving magnetic armature group, attracting the moving magnetic armature group to overcome the preload force of the No. 1 spring and the gravity of itself and the needle valve to move upward, driving the needle valve) to separate from the valve seat plate, and the needle valve injection chamber is connected to the No. 1 spray hole, and the low-carbon fuel is sprayed out from the spray hole to complete the injection of the low-carbon fuel.

[0014] 6. When the low-carbon fuel is injected at a large flow rate, the No. 2 coil group is energized, and the electromagnetic force generated acts on the moving iron valve core, attracting the moving iron valve core to overcome the No. 2 spring and move upward, driving the ball valve body to separate from the valve seat, and the No. 2 ball valve sealing surface formed by the ball valve head and the valve seat is opened. The gap between the valve core and the valve seat is connected to the injection chamber, and the low-carbon fuel is ejected through the No. 2 nozzle; when the injection back pressure is normal, since the upper spring of the valve seat adopts a large-rigidity and high-preload spring, the bottom valve seat and the valve seat plate remain stationary under the action of the spring pressure. When the injection back pressure is too high, the bottom valve seat and the valve seat plate move upward under the action of pressure, overcome the spring pressure of the large-rigidity and high-preload spring and move upward until the moving iron valve core contacts the lower end face of the main magnetic pole to limit the position, and the valve seat plate and the valve seat always remain sealed.

[0015] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0016] 1. The present invention adopts the form of dual solenoid valve coordinated control, and by changing the flow area of ​​low-carbon fuel injection, the supply demand of low-carbon fuel under different working conditions can be achieved.

[0017] 2. The present invention adopts a dual valve matching structure arrangement of an internal needle valve and an external ball valve, which can achieve high-flow injection of low-carbon fuel under required working conditions, which is beneficial to improving the combustion efficiency of low-carbon fuel.

[0018] 3. The present invention adopts a movable valve seat assembly, so that the valve core always maintains a seal with the valve seat under high back pressure, which can prevent the reverse leakage of low-carbon fuel and improve the safety and reliability of the injector. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the low-carbon fuel flow channel structure;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of a moving magnet armature assembly;

[0022] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of valve seat channel structure;

[0023] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the valve seat sealing structure.

[0024] Reference numerals: main magnetic pole 1; valve cover No. 1 2; magnetic pole sealing ring groove 3; auxiliary magnetic pole No. 1 4; threaded hole 5; auxiliary magnetic pole No. 2 6; magnetic guide ring 7; moving iron valve core 8; sealing ring groove No. 1 9; valve seat 10; valve seat plate 11; needle valve head 12; sealing ring groove No. 2 13; high-rigidity and high-preload spring 14; magnetic isolation ring 15; coil skeleton No. 2 16; spring No. 2 17; coil assembly No. 2 18; valve cover No. 2 19; needle valve 20; coil assembly No. 1 21; moving magnetic armature assembly 22; spring No. 1 221; upper end iron core 2 22; permanent magnet core 223; lower iron core 224; main air inlet duct 23; No. 1 valve core air inlet duct 24; moving iron valve core gap 25; magnetic guide sleeve gap 26; magnetic isolation ring channel 27; spring gap 28; valve core and valve seat gap 29; injection chamber 30; valve seat channel 31; needle valve injection chamber 32; needle valve throttle hole 33; needle valve valve core gap 34; moving iron valve core channel 35; needle valve and moving iron gap 36; No. 2 spray hole 37; No. 1 spray hole 38; No. 2 ball valve sealing surface I; No. 2 flat sealing surface II; No. 1 flat sealing surface III. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0026] Combine Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a variable injection integrated large flow low-carbon fuel injector based on a variable flow area, comprising a main magnetic pole 1, a No. 1 valve cover 2, a No. 1 auxiliary magnetic pole 4, a No. 1 coil group 21 and a moving magnetic armature group 22. The No. 1 valve cover 2 is connected to the No. 1 auxiliary magnetic pole 4 by bolts. A magnetic pole sealing ring groove 3 is provided on the main magnetic pole 1 for installing a sealing ring to ensure the sealing of the system; the No. 2 solenoid valve assembly comprises a No. 2 valve cover 19, a No. 2 auxiliary magnetic pole 6, a No. 2 coil skeleton 16, a No. 2 spring 17 and a No. 2 coil group 18. The No. 2 valve cover 19 is provided with a threaded hole 5 and is connected to the No. 2 auxiliary magnetic pole 6 by bolts; magnetic conductive rings are provided on both sides of the moving iron valve core 8. Ring 7 and spring No. 2 17 are installed between the main magnetic pole 1 and the moving iron valve core 8; the inner and outer double valve structure components include a needle valve 20 connected to the moving magnetic armature group 22 and a ball valve connected to the moving iron valve core 8. The needle valve head 12 is in contact and sealed with the valve seat 11. The outer part of the ball valve body at the bottom of the moving iron valve core 8 is sheathed with a high-rigidity, high-preload spring 14. The high-rigidity, high-preload spring 14 is installed on the upper part of the valve seat 10 to provide a strong preload force to ensure the rapid response and stable operation of the valve; the outer side of the valve seat 10 is respectively provided with a No. 1 nozzle sealing ring groove 9 and a No. 2 nozzle sealing ring groove 13 for installing sealing rings to further improve the sealing performance of the system;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the low-carbon fuel flow path structure, including a main air inlet duct 23 and a No. 1 valve core air inlet duct 24 inside the main magnetic pole 1, a gap 25 between the main magnetic pole 1 and the moving iron valve core 8, and a gap 26 and a channel 27 are formed between the moving iron valve core 8 and the magnetic conductive ring 7 and the magnetic isolation ring 15 respectively. There is a spring gap 28 between the pre-tightening spring 14, and a valve core-valve seat gap 29 is formed between the ball valve body and the valve seat 10 to ensure the sealing performance of the valve; the injection chamber 30 is located at the bottom of the ball valve for concentrating the injection airflow; the low-carbon fuel spray hole is opened on the valve seat channel 31 at the bottom, and the internal needle valve and the outer ball valve are sealed to form a needle valve injection chamber 32, and the needle valve injection chamber 32 and the needle valve core gap 34 are communicated through the throttle hole 33, and the needle valve moving iron gap 36 is connected to the spring gap 28 through the moving iron valve core channel 35.

[0028] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of a moving magnet armature assembly, including a No. 1 spring 221 arranged from top to bottom, and a permanent magnet core 223 connected to an upper iron core 222 and a lower iron core 224 respectively.

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the valve seat channel structure, including the outer No. 2 spray hole 37 and the No. 1 spray hole 38 communicating with the needle valve head 12.

[0030] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the valve seat sealing structure, including No. 1 plane sealing surface III formed by the needle valve head 12 and the inner valve seat, No. 2 ball valve sealing surface I formed by the ball valve head and the valve seat 10, and No. 2 plane sealing surface II formed by the ball valve head and the valve seat 11.

[0031] The low-carbon fuel supply system adopts an innovative dual-path design to ensure uniform distribution and precise control of the fuel: the low-carbon fuel first enters from the main air inlet 23 in the main magnetic pole 1, and then the low-carbon fuel is divided into two parts through the No. 1 valve core air inlet 24. The first part of the low-carbon fuel passes through the moving iron valve core gap 25, and passes through the magnetic sleeve gap 26, the magnetic isolation ring channel 27 and the spring gap 28, and finally reaches the valve core valve seat gap 29, waiting to enter the injection chamber 30. The magnetic sleeve gap 26 and the magnetic isolation ring channel 27 are precisely processed to ensure the smoothness and uniformity of the fuel flow; the second part of the low-carbon fuel enters the needle valve moving iron gap 36 through the moving iron valve core gap 25, and is further divided into two paths. The first part of the low-carbon fuel can enter the spring gap 28 through the moving iron valve core channel 35 and merge with the first part of the fuel to ensure the overall airflow balance of the system. The second part of the fuel directly passes through the needle valve core gap 34 through the throttle hole 33 to reach the needle valve injection chamber 32, waiting to be injected. This dual-path design not only improves fuel utilization efficiency, but also enhances the system's response speed and stability.

[0032] When demand for low-carbon fuel is low, the system achieves precise fuel delivery through precise electromagnetic control. This process relies primarily on the precise control of the electromagnetic actuator: When the No. 1 coil assembly 21 within the No. 1 secondary magnetic pole 4 is energized, the coil generates a strong magnetic field. This magnetic field acts on the moving magnetic armature assembly 22, attracting the permanent magnet core 223, causing it to move axially upward, overcoming the preload of the No. 1 spring 221 and the weight of itself and the needle valve 20. The moving magnetic armature assembly 22 is made of high-permeability material, ensuring sufficient electromagnetic force even with low current. As the moving magnetic armature assembly 22 moves, it drives the needle valve 20 away from the valve seat 11. When it moves to a specific position, it opens the No. 1 planar sealing surface III formed by the needle valve head 12 and the inner valve seat, fully connecting the needle valve injection chamber 32 with the No. 1 spray hole 38. At this point, under the influence of system pressure, the low-carbon fuel is sprayed in atomized form through the spray hole 38 in the valve seat channel 31, achieving precise fuel delivery.

[0033] Under operating conditions requiring high-flow injection of low-carbon fuel, secondary magnetic pole No. 2 6 begins operating. When coil assembly 18 within coil bobbin 16 is energized, the strong magnetic field generated by the coil has no effect on preload spring 14 due to the magnetic isolation ring 15 positioned between magnetic ring 7 and preload spring 14. Valve seat 10 and valve seat plate 11 remain stationary under the pressure of preload spring 14. The strong magnetic field generated by the coil, however, acts on movable iron valve core 8 through magnetic ring 7, causing it to move upward, overcoming the preload force of spring No. 2 17. This movement drives the ball valve away from valve seat 10, opening ball valve sealing surface No. 2 formed by the ball valve head and valve seat 10, and connecting valve core-valve seat gap 29 with injection chamber 30. At this point, low-carbon fuel, under the influence of system pressure, is sprayed in atomized form through nozzle No. 2 37, significantly increasing the injection flow area and achieving high-flow injection. The injector uses a movable valve seat module controlled by a high-rigidity spring to cope with different injection back pressures: under normal injection back pressure, since the spring on the upper part of the valve seat 10 adopts a high-rigidity and high-preload design, the bottom valve seat 10 and valve seat plate 11 remain stationary under the action of the spring pressure, ensuring sealing performance. When the injection back pressure is too high, the bottom valve seat 10 and valve seat plate 11 move upward under the action of pressure, overcoming the resistance of the high-rigidity and high-preload spring 14 until the movable iron valve core 8 contacts the lower end face of the main magnetic pole 1 to limit the position. During this process, the valve seat plate 11 and the valve seat 10 always remain sealed. Even if the solenoid valve is turned on, the valve core will not move, thereby achieving high-flow injection of low-carbon fuel while preventing the occurrence of reverse leakage of low-carbon fuel.

[0034] The present invention adopts an internal needle valve low-carbon fuel injection control valve component and an external ball valve low-carbon fuel injection control valve component, and utilizes the form of dual solenoid valve coordinated control. By changing the flow area during low-carbon fuel injection, on the one hand, it can meet the supply demand of low-carbon fuel under different working conditions, making the low-carbon fuel injection process more accurate and flexible; on the other hand, the cooperation of the internal and external double valves can achieve high-flow injection of low-carbon fuel, which is conducive to improving the fuel efficiency of low-carbon fuel. In addition, the present invention adopts a multi-seal movable valve seat assembly. When performing high-flow injection of low-carbon fuel, by limiting the displacement of the valve seat and the ball valve, the valve core and the valve seat remain sealed when the back pressure is too high, preventing reverse leakage and improving the safety of the injector.

Claims

1. A variable injection integrated high flow low carbon fuel injector based on variable flow area, characterized by: Including including main Magnetic pole, moving iron valve core, supply control solenoid valve assembly No. 1, supply control solenoid valve assembly No. 2, inner and outer double valve structure assembly; the supply control solenoid valve assembly No. 1 includes valve cover No. 1, auxiliary magnetic pole No. 1, coil group No. 1, and moving magnetic armature group, the valve cover No. 1 is installed above the auxiliary magnetic pole No. 1, and the coil group No. 1 is wound inside the auxiliary magnetic pole No. 1; the supply control solenoid valve assembly No. 2 includes valve cover No. 2, auxiliary magnetic pole No. 2, coil skeleton No. 2, spring No. 2, and coil group No. 2, the valve cover No. 2 is installed above the auxiliary magnetic pole No. 2, the coil skeleton No. 2 is set in the auxiliary magnetic pole No. 2, and the coil group No. 2 is wound inside the coil skeleton No. 2; the inner and outer double valve structure assembly includes a needle valve, a valve seat, and a ball valve body; The upper part of the main magnetic pole is located above the supply control solenoid valve assembly No. 1, and the lower part of the main magnetic pole passes through the supply control solenoid valve assembly No. 1 and is located in the supply control solenoid valve assembly No.

2. The moving iron valve core is located below the main magnetic pole, and the ball valve body is located below the moving iron valve core. Spring No. 2 is installed between the main magnetic pole and the moving iron valve core. Magnetic rings are arranged on both sides of the moving iron valve core, the moving magnetic armature group is arranged inside the main magnetic pole, the needle valve is arranged below the moving magnetic armature group, the valve seat is located in the No. 2 secondary magnetic pole and outside the ball valve body, a magnetic isolation ring is arranged below the magnetic isolation ring, and a high-rigidity and high-preload spring is installed between the bottom of the magnetic isolation ring and the valve seat. The valve seat plate is installed at the bottom of the valve seat, and the needle valve head of the needle valve is sealed with the valve seat plate.

2. The variable injection integrated large flow rate low carbon fuel injector based on variable flow area according to claim 1 is characterized by: The moving magnet armature group includes a No. 1 spring, a permanent magnet core, an upper iron core, and a lower iron core. The permanent magnet core is installed between the upper iron core and the lower iron core. The upper and lower ends of the No. 1 spring are the main magnetic pole and the upper iron core respectively.

3. The variable injection integrated large flow low carbon fuel injector based on variable flow area according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inside of the magnetic pole is the main air inlet duct, and the No. 1 valve core air inlet duct is formed between the main magnetic pole and the moving magnetic armature group. There is a gap between the main magnetic pole and the moving iron valve core. The moving iron valve core forms a magnetic sleeve gap and a channel with the magnetic ring and the isolation ring respectively. There is a spring gap with the high stiffness and high preload spring. A valve core and valve seat gap is formed between the ball valve body and the valve seat. An injection chamber is provided at the bottom of the ball valve body, and a valve seat channel is provided on the valve seat plate. The needle valve and the ball valve body are sealed to form a needle valve injection chamber. A needle valve valve core gap is formed between the needle valve and the ball valve body. The needle valve injection chamber and the needle valve valve core gap are communicated through a throttle hole. A needle valve moving iron gap is formed between the needle valve and the moving iron valve core, and the needle valve moving iron gap is connected to the spring gap through the moving iron valve core channel.

4. The variable injection integrated large flow rate low carbon fuel injector based on variable flow area according to claim 1 is characterized by: The valve seat channel includes a No. 2 spray hole located on the outside and a No. 1 spray hole communicating with the needle valve head.

5. The variable injection integrated large flow rate low carbon fuel injector based on variable flow area according to claim 1 is characterized by: The needle valve head and the valve seat plate form a No. 1 plane sealing surface, the head of the ball valve body and the valve seat form a No. 2 ball valve sealing surface, and the head of the ball valve body and the valve seat plate form a No. 2 plane sealing surface.

6. The variable injection integrated large flow rate low carbon fuel injector based on variable flow area according to claim 1 is characterized by: The low-carbon fuel enters from the main intake duct and is divided into two parts through the No. 1 valve core intake duct. One part passes through the magnetic sleeve gap, the magnetic isolation ring hole, and the spring gap from the moving iron valve core gap to reach the valve core valve seat gap, waiting to enter the injection chamber; the other part enters the needle valve moving iron gap through the moving iron valve core gap and is divided into two paths. One path also enters the spring gap through the moving iron valve core hole, and the other path directly passes through the throttle hole from the needle valve core gap to reach the needle valve injection chamber, waiting to be injected; when a small amount of low-carbon fuel is supplied, the No. 1 coil group is energized, and the electromagnetic force generated acts on the moving magnetic armature group, attracting the moving magnetic armature group to overcome the preload force of the No. 1 spring and the gravity of itself and the needle valve to move upward, driving the needle valve) to separate from the valve seat plate, and the needle valve injection chamber is connected to the No. 1 spray hole, and the low-carbon fuel is sprayed out from the spray hole to complete the injection of the low-carbon fuel.

7. The variable injection integrated large flow rate low carbon fuel injector based on variable flow area according to claim 1 is characterized by: When low-carbon fuel is injected at a large flow rate, coil group No. 2 is energized, and the electromagnetic force generated acts on the moving iron valve core, attracting the moving iron valve core to overcome the No. 2 spring and move upward, driving the ball valve body to separate from the valve seat, and the No. 2 ball valve sealing surface formed by the ball valve head and the valve seat is opened. The gap between the valve core and the valve seat is connected to the injection chamber, and the low-carbon fuel is ejected through the No. 2 spray hole; when the injection back pressure is normal, since the upper spring of the valve seat adopts a high-rigidity and high-preload spring, the bottom valve seat and the valve seat plate remain stationary under the action of the spring pressure. When the injection back pressure is too high, the bottom valve seat and the valve seat plate move upward under the action of pressure, overcome the spring pressure of the high-rigidity and high-preload spring and move upward until the moving iron valve core contacts the lower end face of the main magnetic pole to limit the position, and the valve seat plate and the valve seat always remain sealed.

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