Simulation evaluation method and system for radiation performance of vehicle-mounted antenna array system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle-mounted antenna performance evaluation, and discloses a vehicle-mounted antenna array system radiation performance simulation evaluation method and system.The method comprises the steps that a single antenna simulation model is established in electromagnetic simulation software, port characteristics and radiation characteristics of a single antenna are calculated in a simulation mode, and performance requirements of the corresponding single antenna are evaluated; if not, the single antenna simulation model is corrected until the condition is met; all the single antennas meeting the requirements are arranged on the whole vehicle simulation model according to the requirements to establish a vehicle-mounted antenna array system simulation model, and radiation performance data of all the single vehicle-mounted antennas on the whole vehicle are calculated in a simulation mode; and calculating and visually displaying the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system in a manner of loading a script file through a visual interface, counting the radiation performance index value of the whole vehicle antenna, and evaluating the radiation performance requirement of the whole vehicle antenna. According to the method, the radiation performance of the single antenna, the single vehicle-mounted antenna on the whole vehicle and the vehicle-mounted antenna array system can be efficiently and stably evaluated, and accurate layout optimization analysis can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle-mounted antenna performance evaluation, and in particular to a method and system for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of intelligent connected technology, vehicle antennas, as core components for vehicles to interact with external information, are undergoing a profound transformation from single function to multi-band and multi-standard integration. The types and quantities of vehicle antennas are increasing dramatically.

[0003] Due to vehicle structural limitations, the overall size and installation location of vehicle-mounted antennas are restricted. Traditional antenna structures can only cover a limited signal frequency band and have a narrow bandwidth. To meet the requirements of various intelligent applications, multiple antennas must be coordinated to achieve the performance requirements of the antenna after installation. Antenna array systems consist of multiple identical or similar antenna elements arranged in a specific pattern. Signal synthesis enhances directivity, gain, and communication range. This allows multiple antennas to work together to cover a wider frequency band, improve signal strength, and enhance communication stability.

[0004] During the development of vehicle antenna performance, vehicle antenna performance testing is often performed in the later stages of vehicle development. Vehicle testing laboratories are scarce, testing costs are high, and testing efficiency is low, resulting in a long development cycle and difficulty in subsequent rectification. To address these issues, using simulation modeling to evaluate the performance of vehicle antenna array systems has become an indispensable part of vehicle antenna performance development, providing data support for optimizing vehicle antenna layout.

[0005] During vehicle antenna simulation, it's necessary to simulate various complex communication scenarios and vehicle operating environments to ensure the antenna system meets the performance requirements of actual use. However, the large number and diverse types of antennas, coupled with electromagnetic interference and coupling effects between them, make the establishment and optimization of simulation models extremely difficult. Furthermore, the vehicle's metal structure, electronic equipment, and other components can also affect antenna performance, further increasing the complexity of the simulation. Furthermore, existing vehicle antenna performance simulation technology can simulate and calculate the radiation performance of a single onboard antenna on a vehicle, but there is no clear method for evaluating the comprehensive radiation performance of an array of onboard antennas on a vehicle. Therefore, vehicle antenna simulation faces significant challenges in its implementation, limiting the effectiveness of simulation evaluations and making it difficult to directly achieve a perfect match between the performance of a single physical antenna and the performance requirements of the vehicle, severely hindering the industrialization and development of intelligent connected vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a method and system for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system. This method is capable of performing efficient and stable radiation performance evaluation and precise array layout optimization analysis of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system. This method, in particular, takes into account that when multiple antennas of the same type work together on a vehicle, the overall antenna performance is deeply affected by the complex vehicle structure and surrounding environment. This method provides an effective design method for developing vehicle antenna performance.

[0007] The basic solution provided by the present invention is: a method for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system, comprising the following steps: S1, sequentially establish a single antenna simulation model in electromagnetic simulation software, simulate and calculate the port characteristics and radiation performance of the single antenna, and evaluate whether it meets the corresponding single antenna performance requirements. If not, modify the single antenna simulation model until it meets the requirements; S2: Arrange all the required single antennas on the vehicle simulation model as required to establish a vehicle antenna array system simulation model. Simulate and calculate the output and visualize the radiation performance data of all the single vehicle antennas on the vehicle. S3, by loading the script file through the visual interface, simulates and calculates the radiation performance data of all individual vehicle-mounted antennas on the vehicle, outputs and visualizes the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system, and then calculates the radiation performance index value of the vehicle antenna and evaluates whether it meets the radiation performance requirements of the vehicle antenna.

[0008] The present invention is based on a method for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system, and further provides a method and system for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system. The system includes: The model building module is used to build a single antenna simulation model and modify the model in the electromagnetic simulation software. It is also used to place all single antennas that meet the requirements on the whole vehicle simulation model according to the actual vehicle layout requirements, build a vehicle-mounted antenna array system simulation model and adjust the model. The data calculation module includes a single antenna performance calculation submodule, a vehicle-mounted antenna performance calculation submodule, and an antenna performance evaluation calculation submodule; the single antenna performance calculation submodule is used to simulate and calculate the port characteristics and radiation performance of the single antenna, and evaluate whether the corresponding single antenna performance requirements are met; the vehicle-mounted antenna performance calculation submodule is used to simulate and calculate the radiation performance data of all single vehicle-mounted antennas on the vehicle, and then load the script file through the visual interface to simulate and calculate the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system based on the radiation performance data of all single vehicle-mounted antennas on the vehicle; the antenna performance evaluation calculation submodule is used to calculate the radiation performance index value of the vehicle antenna based on the calculated comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle antenna array system, and evaluate whether the radiation performance requirements of the vehicle antenna are met; The visualization interface module is used to display the data generated by the data calculation module in a visual manner to observe the radiation performance of a single vehicle-mounted antenna and a vehicle-mounted antenna array system on the entire vehicle.

[0009] The working principle and advantages of the present invention are: Existing vehicle antenna radiation performance simulation and evaluation technologies are unable to directly calculate the comprehensive radiation performance data of multiple vehicle-mounted antennas, making it impossible to evaluate the comprehensive performance of vehicle-mounted antenna array systems. Compared with the existing technology, the present invention addresses this problem by deeply analyzing the relationship between the radiation performance and simulation data of individual antennas, individual vehicle-mounted antennas on a vehicle, and vehicle-mounted antenna array systems on a vehicle. This optimizes the evaluation process and proposes a two-stage electromagnetic simulation evaluation method from individual antennas to vehicle-mounted antennas, as well as a calculation output method that loads script files into a visual interface. Combined with the established antenna performance evaluation requirements and indicator system for each stage, this method can efficiently and stably perform quantitative evaluation of the radiation performance of individual antennas, individual vehicle-mounted antennas on a vehicle, and vehicle-mounted antenna array systems. It also allows for rapid and accurate optimization analysis of different architectures for vehicle-mounted antenna array systems, assessing the advantages and disadvantages of different vehicle antenna layouts, and ultimately selecting the optimal vehicle antenna architecture layout for the vehicle. Considering that vehicle antenna performance is deeply affected by the complex vehicle structure and surrounding environment, this method provides a fast and effective design method for vehicle antenna performance development.

[0010] The present invention uses a two-stage electromagnetic simulation evaluation, employing electromagnetic simulation software. The first stage evaluates the performance of individual antennas. Once all individual antennas required for the vehicle meet performance requirements, the second stage of vehicle simulation is performed. This effectively ensures the accuracy of the second-stage vehicle simulation and provides accurate guidance for optimizing the layout of the vehicle antenna array architecture. In the second stage, the individual antennas that meet the requirements are placed on the vehicle simulation model to form a vehicle antenna array system simulation model. The radiation performance data of individual vehicle antennas on the vehicle is simulated and calculated. Based on the radiation performance relationship between the individual vehicle antennas and the vehicle antenna array system, the radiation performance data of the vehicle antenna array system is rapidly calculated. This completes the vehicle antenna array system radiation performance evaluation based on the vehicle antenna radiation performance requirements, which are clearly defined based on the vehicle antenna performance requirements. At the same time, based on the relationship between individual vehicle-mounted antennas and the radiation performance requirements for the entire vehicle, the radiation performance of individual vehicle-mounted antennas on the entire vehicle is evaluated simultaneously with the radiation performance evaluation of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system. Based on the radiation performance evaluation results of the second phase of the vehicle-mounted single antenna on the entire vehicle, combined with the radiation performance evaluation results of the first phase of the single antenna, a comprehensive analysis can quickly identify the target array architecture for the vehicle-mounted antennas on the entire vehicle, improving layout optimization efficiency. Furthermore, by loading script files through a visual interface, the comprehensive radiation performance of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system can be quickly calculated, reducing the tedious manual calculation of the radiation performance data of individual vehicle-mounted antennas on the entire vehicle, and achieving a closely coordinated response output between the two phases. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the vehicle Bluetooth antenna array system architecture provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 The actual gain pattern of the Bluetooth antenna at the left and right rear anchor points on the vehicle in the horizontal plane provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 The actual gain pattern of the horizontal plane of the left front and right front anchor Bluetooth antennas on the vehicle provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 The actual gain pattern of the vehicle roof anchor point and the horizontal plane of the central control Bluetooth antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 The actual gain pattern of the horizontal plane after integration of the vehicle Bluetooth antenna array system provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system radiation performance simulation evaluation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The following is a further detailed description through specific implementation methods: The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached Figure 1 Shown: A simulation evaluation method for the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system, the method including S1, sequentially establish a single antenna simulation model in electromagnetic simulation software, simulate and calculate the port characteristics and radiation performance of the single antenna, and evaluate whether it meets the corresponding single antenna performance requirements. If not, modify the single antenna simulation model until it meets the requirements; S2: Arrange all the required single antennas on the vehicle simulation model as required to establish a vehicle antenna array system simulation model. Simulate and calculate the output and visualize the radiation performance data of all the single vehicle antennas on the vehicle. S3, by loading the script file through the visual interface, simulates and calculates the radiation performance data of all individual vehicle-mounted antennas on the vehicle, outputs and visualizes the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system, and then calculates the radiation performance index value of the vehicle antenna and evaluates whether it meets the radiation performance requirements of the vehicle antenna.

[0013] Specifically, in this embodiment, the evaluation process is described using a vehicle Bluetooth antenna as an example: S0, clarify the radiation performance requirements of single antenna and the radiation performance requirements of the whole vehicle antenna after installation.

[0014] The performance requirements of a single antenna include the performance indicators of the single antenna and the corresponding conditions. The performance indicators of the single antenna include port characteristics and radiation performance. The port characteristics include but are not limited to the operating frequency, reflection coefficient S 11 , standing wave ratio VSWR and input impedance, radiation performance includes but is not limited to gain, directivity pattern and polarization mode.

[0015] Vehicle antenna radiation performance requirements require that vehicle antenna performance evaluation indicators meet corresponding conditions. These evaluation indicators include, but are not limited to, maximum gain, minimum gain, gain difference, gain mean, gain variance, and defect ratio. These indicators are used to quantitatively analyze whether the vehicle antenna meets omnidirectional / directional requirements on the primary radiation surface. Different vehicle antennas have different performance requirements depending on their usage scenarios.

[0016] In this embodiment, the target operating frequency of the Bluetooth antenna unit is 2.4 GHz, and the antenna unit gain is required to be greater than 0 dBi.

[0017] The radiation performance of a vehicle's Bluetooth antenna must be omnidirectional in the horizontal plane. This means that the gain difference in the actual horizontal gain pattern must be less than 10dB, and the defect ratio must be less than 5%. (Angles with a gain 5dB below the average gain are counted as defective angles, and the defect ratio is calculated by the ratio of the number of defective angles to the total number of angles.) For vehicle Bluetooth antennas, the remaining parameters are not required for the radiation performance evaluation of the vehicle antenna, but they can be used to determine the advantages and disadvantages of different vehicle antennas or different layout methods.

[0018] Clarify the Bluetooth antenna array system architecture on the vehicle. There are a total of 6 Bluetooth antennas on the vehicle, including 5 anchor antennas and 1 central control antenna. The 5 anchor antennas are identical and are located outside the vehicle at the left front, right front, left rear, and right rear near the headlights, as well as on the roof inside the vehicle near the center of the rear of the sunroof; the central control antenna and the anchor antenna are different in size and are located inside the vehicle near the armrest box. Figure 2 The figure shows the system architecture of the vehicle's Bluetooth antenna array.

[0019] In S1, the electromagnetic simulation software used is FEKO, which is a professional simulation software widely used in electromagnetic field analysis and is particularly suitable for solving complex electromagnetic problems.

[0020] A single-unit antenna simulation model can be created based on a physical single-antenna geometry model provided by an antenna vendor or measured using an actual antenna. Modeling requires retaining only the antenna's dielectric substrate structure, antenna structure, and ground structure. Electrical connectivity on the PCB ground plane must be ensured, and excitation must be added to the antenna feed port.

[0021] In this embodiment, the simulation models of the anchor Bluetooth antenna and the central control Bluetooth antenna are established in the electromagnetic simulation software FEKO. The port characteristics and radiation performance of the Bluetooth single antenna are simulated and calculated, including but not limited to the operating frequency, reflection coefficient S 11 , standing wave ratio VSWR, input impedance and gain pattern.

[0022] Evaluate whether the established Bluetooth antenna simulation model meets the performance requirements of the Bluetooth antenna unit. If the S calculated at the frequency of 2.4GHz 11 ≤-10dB, gain ≥0dBi, then the requirements are met and the single antenna simulation model can be used as the input of the vehicle simulation model. 11 If the gain is >-10dB or <0dBi, or at least one of these is not met, the requirements are not met and the Bluetooth antenna simulation model needs to be modified. Model modification can be done by adjusting several aspects, such as antenna size, antenna port type, mesh density, and dielectric substrate material parameters. The same adjustment method can be used for other types of antennas. The port characteristics and radiation characteristics of the single antenna are then re-simulated and evaluated until the performance of the single antenna meets the design requirements.

[0023] Repeat step S1 to complete the evaluation of all single antenna simulation models required for the entire vehicle and obtain single antenna simulation models that meet the requirements. In this embodiment, six single Bluetooth antenna simulation models that meet the requirements are obtained.

[0024] After the performance of a single antenna meets the requirements, it is placed on the entire vehicle to evaluate the radiation performance of the entire vehicle antenna. This can reduce the error caused by inaccurate modeling of the single antenna and effectively ensure the accuracy of the radiation simulation of the entire vehicle antenna.

[0025] In S2, the vehicle antenna array system simulation model includes a full vehicle mesh model and multiple individual antenna simulation models. Mesh models for the full vehicle and individual antenna electromagnetic simulations are established, using triangular face meshes to simulate the vehicle's metal structure, antenna metal, and dielectric structures. The mesh size is selected based on the frequency, typically 1 / 10 of the minimum wavelength corresponding to the maximum frequency. For individual antenna models, the mesh size can be increased to 1 / 16, while for full vehicle mesh models, the mesh size can be increased to 1 / 8.

[0026] In this embodiment, six Bluetooth antenna single-unit simulation models that meet the requirements are placed on the whole vehicle simulation model according to the position and orientation of the actual vehicle antenna to establish a whole vehicle Bluetooth antenna array system simulation model. During the modeling process, a separate solver is set for each antenna to solve and calculate the radiation performance data of each single vehicle-mounted antenna on the whole vehicle.

[0027] In S3, the actual maximum gain of all individual vehicle-mounted antennas on the vehicle is calculated in each angular direction based on the radiation performance data of all individual vehicle-mounted antennas on the vehicle. The radiation performance data of the individual vehicle-mounted antenna on the vehicle corresponding to the actual maximum gain is used as the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system in that direction. The collection of comprehensive radiation performance data in all directions is used as the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system.

[0028] Then, based on the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system, the vehicle antenna radiation performance evaluation index values ​​are calculated. The vehicle antenna radiation performance evaluation indicators include but are not limited to maximum gain, minimum gain, gain difference, gain mean, gain variance and defect ratio. Different vehicle-mounted antennas have different index requirements, and some indicators of the vehicle antenna performance are required. For example, the vehicle Bluetooth antenna requires omnidirectionality in the horizontal plane, which can be evaluated only from the gain difference and defect ratio. The remaining indicators are not necessary to meet, but can be used to compare and evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of different antennas or different layout methods. If the indicators of the vehicle antenna performance requirements all meet the corresponding conditions, then the vehicle antenna array architecture meets the vehicle antenna radiation performance requirements, that is, the vehicle antenna array system simulation model at this time meets the requirements.

[0029] In this embodiment, in the visualization interface of the post-processing software POSTFEKO, script files are used to implement the functions of steps S31 and S32, calculate and output the comprehensive radiation performance data, and display it in the visualization interface.

[0030] S31, simulation calculation outputs the actual gain pattern data of all vehicle-mounted single antennas on the vehicle, and obtains the radiation performance data of a single Bluetooth antenna on the vehicle, including each angle ( =0~180°, =0~360°) (The electric field is Directional component), (The electric field is direction component) 、 and the imaginary part 、 , gain coefficient GainFactor, actual gain coefficient RealisedGainFactor.

[0031] The actual gain RG of a single Bluetooth antenna on the vehicle at each angle is calculated using the following formula.

[0032] RG=RealisedGainFactor*GainFactor*[Re +Im +Re +Im

[0033] S32, compare the actual gains RG of the six Bluetooth antennas at each angle, and select the radiation performance data of a single Bluetooth antenna on the vehicle corresponding to the maximum value of the angle RG, that is, 、 、 、 , GainFactor, and RealisedGainFactor are used as the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle Bluetooth antenna array system in that direction. The collection of comprehensive radiation performance data in all directions is obtained, that is, the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle antenna array system.

[0034] The visualization interface of the post-processing software POSTFEKO displays the radiation performance of a single Bluetooth antenna on the vehicle and the calculated comprehensive radiation performance of the vehicle Bluetooth antenna array system, including 3D gain pattern and 2D gain pattern. The Bluetooth antenna is evaluated using the actual gain pattern data in the horizontal plane, such as Figure 3 (a) Figure 3 (b) Figure 4 (a) Figure 4 (b) Figure 5(a) and Figure 5 (b) shows the actual gain patterns of the left rear anchor point, right rear anchor point, left front anchor point, right front anchor point, roof anchor point and central control Bluetooth antenna in the horizontal plane of the vehicle. Figure 6 This is the actual gain pattern of the horizontal plane after integrating the vehicle's Bluetooth antenna array system.

[0035] The comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle's Bluetooth antenna array system calculated by the script file is exported, and Matlab software is used to program the statistical evaluation index values ​​of the vehicle's antenna radiation performance, that is, the actual gain pattern performance parameters of the integrated horizontal plane, including maximum gain, minimum gain, gain difference, gain mean, gain variance and defect ratio, in order to evaluate whether the comprehensive radiation performance of the vehicle's Bluetooth antenna array system meets the omnidirectional requirements of the vehicle's Bluetooth antenna horizontal plane.

[0036] The actual gain pattern performance parameters of a single Bluetooth antenna in the horizontal plane of the vehicle and the actual gain pattern performance parameters of the horizontal plane after the vehicle Bluetooth antenna array system is integrated are statistically analyzed, as shown in Table 1.

[0037] Table 1 Statistics of actual gain pattern performance parameters of Bluetooth antenna on the horizontal plane of the vehicle

[0038] A comparative analysis shows that when the six Bluetooth antennas on the vehicle operate individually, the actual gain difference exceeds 35dB, with a small gain mean and a large gain variance. The defect rate far exceeds the required 5%, indicating that a single Bluetooth antenna on the vehicle fails to meet the overall vehicle Bluetooth antenna design requirements. However, when the vehicle's Bluetooth antenna array system is combined, the actual gain difference in the horizontal plane, while slightly exceeding 10dB, is much smaller than the gain difference when each antenna operates individually. The gain variance is significantly reduced, indicating that the gain fluctuation within a certain angle range in the horizontal plane is small. The defect rate also decreases sharply, meeting the defect rate requirements for the overall vehicle antenna design. Regarding the two performance evaluation indicators of the vehicle's Bluetooth antenna array system, the actual gain difference does not meet the requirements, while the defect rate does. This indicates that the current Bluetooth antenna array architecture cannot meet the overall vehicle Bluetooth antenna performance requirements. However, this embodiment still demonstrates that the layout of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system can effectively improve the problem of excessive omnidirectional deviation in the horizontal plane of a single Bluetooth antenna on the vehicle.

[0039] In S3, if it is not satisfied, that is, at least one of the evaluation indicators of the comprehensive radiation performance requirements does not meet the corresponding conditions, then the comprehensive radiation performance of the vehicle Bluetooth antenna array system does not meet the vehicle antenna radiation performance requirements, and if necessary, the vehicle antenna array architecture is adjusted until it is satisfied; the vehicle antenna layout is adjusted according to the applicable different array architecture methods to establish a simulation model, and the new vehicle antenna array system radiation performance data and radiation performance evaluation index value are calculated to optimize the vehicle antenna array layout, wherein the radiation performance evaluation index of the vehicle antenna array system is determined according to the vehicle antenna radiation performance requirements.

[0040] Table 1 shows the performance indicators of a single antenna on the vehicle and the radiation performance indicators of the antenna array system. It can be seen that the performance indicators of a single vehicle-mounted antenna on the vehicle cannot meet the requirements. Although the indicators of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system composed of multiple vehicle-mounted antennas cannot fully meet the requirements, they are relatively close to the performance requirements. Therefore, the array architecture of multiple antennas on the vehicle, that is, the layout of the antennas on the vehicle, can be adjusted to ensure that the radiation performance of the vehicle antenna meets the requirements under the final array architecture layout.

[0041] Based on the evaluation results of the radiation performance evaluation indicators of a single vehicle-mounted antenna and a vehicle-mounted antenna array system on the whole vehicle, combined with the radiation performance evaluation results of the single antenna in S1, a comprehensive analysis is conducted to find the target array architecture on the whole vehicle. Specifically, if the comprehensive radiation performance of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system has a large defect angle in a certain direction, that is, the gain difference is too large, it means that the radiation performance of the antenna in that direction is poor or that the direction is blocked by the metal of the vehicle body. The direction of the single antenna on the whole vehicle that plays a major role in the gain in that direction is adjusted so that its stronger radiation surface is rotated to that direction, or the single antenna is adjusted to a position without metal obstruction in that direction to achieve the layout optimization of the vehicle-mounted antenna array architecture. The radiation performance evaluation indicators of a single vehicle-mounted antenna on the whole vehicle are the same as those of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system, and the corresponding conditions satisfied by different types of vehicle antenna performance are different.

[0042] Specifically, adjusting the antenna array architecture includes, but is not limited to, adjusting the individual antenna models, the number of antennas on the vehicle, the placement of the antennas on the vehicle, and the orientation of the antennas at different locations on the vehicle. Recalculation and evaluation are then performed until the requirements are met. The radiation performance indicators of the vehicle antennas are compared for different array architectures, and the layout that meets all the corresponding requirements is selected as the final optimized vehicle antenna array architecture.

[0043] In order to implement the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted antenna array system radiation performance simulation evaluation method, this solution also provides a vehicle-mounted antenna array system radiation performance simulation evaluation system, such as Figure 7 As shown, it includes a model building module, a data calculation module, and a visualization display module; The model building module is used to build a single antenna simulation model and modify the model in the electromagnetic simulation software. It is also used to place all single antennas that meet the requirements on the whole vehicle simulation model according to the actual vehicle layout requirements, build a vehicle-mounted antenna array system simulation model and adjust the model. The data calculation module includes a single antenna performance calculation submodule, a vehicle-mounted antenna performance calculation submodule, and an antenna performance evaluation calculation submodule; the single antenna performance calculation submodule is used to simulate and calculate the port characteristics and radiation performance of the single antenna, and evaluate whether the corresponding single antenna performance requirements are met; the vehicle-mounted antenna performance calculation submodule is used to simulate and calculate the radiation performance data of all single vehicle-mounted antennas on the vehicle, and then load the script file through the visual interface to simulate and calculate the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system based on the radiation performance data of all single vehicle-mounted antennas on the vehicle; the antenna performance evaluation calculation submodule is used to calculate the radiation performance index value of the vehicle antenna based on the calculated comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle antenna array system, and evaluate whether the radiation performance requirements of the vehicle antenna are met; The visualization interface module is used to display the data generated by the data calculation module in a visual manner to observe the radiation performance of a single vehicle-mounted antenna and a vehicle-mounted antenna array system on the entire vehicle.

[0044] This system places the performance calculation part in the vehicle-mounted antenna performance calculation submodule, which can be integrated into the FEKO software for implementation; the performance evaluation calculation part is placed in the performance evaluation calculation submodule, which can be integrated into the Matlab software to statistically calculate the performance evaluation parameters.

[0045] It can be understood that the present system can fully execute the above method and achieve the same effect.

[0046] The radiation performance simulation and evaluation method and system for a vehicle-mounted antenna array system provided in this embodiment address the difficulty in evaluating the comprehensive radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system. This method and system deeply analyze the relationship between the radiation performance and simulation data of individual antennas, individual vehicle-mounted antennas on a vehicle, and the vehicle-mounted antenna array system, optimizing the evaluation process. A two-stage electromagnetic simulation evaluation method, from individual antennas to the entire vehicle, and a calculation output method using script files loaded from a visual interface are proposed. Combined with the established antenna performance evaluation requirements and indicator system for each stage, this method efficiently and stably quantitatively evaluates the radiation performance of individual antennas, individual vehicle-mounted antennas on a vehicle, and the vehicle-mounted antenna array system. Furthermore, the method quickly and accurately optimizes and analyzes the layouts of different architectures for the vehicle-mounted antenna array system, assesses the advantages and disadvantages of different vehicle-mounted antenna layouts, and ultimately selects the optimal vehicle-mounted antenna architecture for the entire vehicle. This method, particularly considering that vehicle-mounted antenna performance is significantly affected by the complex vehicle structure and surrounding environment, provides a fast and effective design method for vehicle-mounted antenna performance development.

[0047] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention. Common knowledge such as the specific structure and characteristics of the scheme is not described in detail here. Ordinary technicians in the relevant field are aware of all common technical knowledge in the technical field of the invention before the application date or priority date, can obtain all existing technologies in the field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental means before that date. Ordinary technicians in the relevant field can improve and implement this scheme in combination with their own abilities under the guidance of this application. Some typical well-known structures or well-known methods should not become obstacles for ordinary technicians in the relevant field to implement this application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several variations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention. These will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. A method for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, sequentially establish a single antenna simulation model in electromagnetic simulation software, simulate and calculate the port characteristics and radiation performance of the single antenna, and evaluate whether it meets the corresponding single antenna performance requirements. If not, modify the single antenna simulation model until it meets the requirements; S2: Arrange all the required single antennas on the vehicle simulation model as required to establish a vehicle antenna array system simulation model. Simulate and calculate the output and visualize the radiation performance data of all the single vehicle antennas on the vehicle. S3, by loading the script file through the visual interface, simulates and calculates the radiation performance data of all individual vehicle-mounted antennas on the vehicle, outputs and visualizes the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system, and then calculates the radiation performance index value of the vehicle antenna and evaluates whether it meets the radiation performance requirements of the vehicle antenna.

2. The method for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system according to claim 1, wherein: In S1, the performance requirements of the single antenna include the performance indicators of the single antenna and the corresponding conditions, wherein the performance indicators of the single antenna include port characteristics and radiation performance. The port characteristics include but are not limited to the operating frequency, reflection coefficient S 11 , standing wave ratio VSWR and input impedance, radiation performance includes but is not limited to gain, directivity pattern and polarization mode.

3. The method for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system according to claim 1, wherein: In S1, modifying the single antenna simulation model includes but is not limited to adjusting the size of the antenna part, the antenna port type, the grid density, and the dielectric substrate material parameters.

4. The method for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system according to claim 1, wherein: In S2, an electromagnetic simulation mesh model of the entire vehicle and a single antenna is established. The metal structure of the vehicle, the metal structure of the antenna, and the dielectric structure are simulated using triangular face meshes. The mesh size is selected based on the frequency.

5. The method for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system according to claim 1, wherein: In S3, the actual maximum gain of all individual vehicle-mounted antennas on the vehicle in each angular direction is calculated based on the gain pattern data of all individual vehicle-mounted antennas on the vehicle; the radiation performance data of the individual vehicle-mounted antenna on the vehicle corresponding to the actual maximum gain is used as the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system in that direction; The collection of comprehensive radiation performance data in all directions is used as the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system.

6. The method for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system according to claim 5, wherein: The actual gain RG of a single vehicle-mounted antenna in each angular direction is calculated using the following formula: RG=RealisedGainFactor*GainFactor*[Re +Im +Re +Im Among them, RealisedGainFactor is the actual gain coefficient corresponding to the corresponding angle, and GainFactor is the gain coefficient corresponding to the corresponding angle. and They are =0~180° corresponds to the electric field component The real and imaginary values ​​of ; and They are =Electric field components corresponding to 0~360° The real and imaginary values ​​of .

7. The method for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system according to claim 1, wherein: In S3, the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system calculated by the script file is exported, and Matlab software is used to program the statistical evaluation index values ​​of the vehicle antenna radiation performance. If all the corresponding conditions are met, the vehicle-mounted antenna array architecture meets the vehicle antenna radiation performance requirements.

8. The method for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system according to claim 7, wherein: The vehicle antenna radiation performance evaluation indicators include but are not limited to maximum gain, minimum gain, gain difference, gain mean, gain variance and defect ratio.

9. The method for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system according to claim 1, wherein: In S3, if the requirements are not met, the vehicle-mounted antenna array architecture is adjusted until they are met; the vehicle-mounted antenna layout is adjusted according to the applicable different array architecture methods to establish a simulation model, and the new vehicle-mounted antenna array system radiation performance data and radiation performance evaluation index values ​​are calculated to optimize the vehicle-mounted antenna array layout. Among them, the radiation performance evaluation index of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system is determined according to the radiation performance requirements of the entire vehicle antenna.

10. The vehicle-mounted antenna array system radiation performance simulation evaluation system is characterized by: The method for simulating and evaluating radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is implemented, wherein the system comprises: The model building module is used to build a single antenna simulation model and modify the model in the electromagnetic simulation software. It is also used to place all single antennas that meet the requirements on the whole vehicle simulation model according to the actual vehicle layout requirements, build a vehicle-mounted antenna array system simulation model and adjust the model. The data calculation module includes a single antenna performance calculation submodule, a vehicle-mounted antenna performance calculation submodule, and an antenna performance evaluation calculation submodule; the single antenna performance calculation submodule is used to simulate and calculate the port characteristics and radiation performance of the single antenna, and evaluate whether the corresponding single antenna performance requirements are met; the vehicle-mounted antenna performance calculation submodule is used to simulate and calculate the radiation performance data of all single vehicle-mounted antennas on the vehicle, and then load the script file through the visual interface to simulate and calculate the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system based on the radiation performance data of all single vehicle-mounted antennas on the vehicle; the antenna performance evaluation calculation submodule is used to calculate the radiation performance index value of the vehicle antenna based on the calculated comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle antenna array system, and evaluate whether the radiation performance requirements of the vehicle antenna are met; The visualization interface module is used to display the data generated by the data calculation module in a visual manner to observe the radiation performance of a single vehicle-mounted antenna and a vehicle-mounted antenna array system on the entire vehicle.

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