Carbon emission reduction calculation method for resource utilization of multi-source organic solid waste

Abstract

According to the carbon emission reduction calculation method for resource utilization of the multi-source organic solid waste, the carbon emission reduction amount is clearly measured and calculated, and further development of the resource utilization industry of the organic solid waste is promoted. The method comprises the following steps: 1, determining an organic waste type and a resourceful treatment process chain covered by multi-source organic solid waste resourceful utilization; 2, identifying greenhouse gas emission types contained in the project; 3, determining a datum line scene corresponding to the project by comparing the new processing mode with the old processing mode; 4, calculating the reference line carbon emission according to the reference line scene; and 5, calculating the carbon emission of the project, and subtracting the reference line carbon emission to obtain the emission reduction of the project.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of carbon emission reduction accounting, and in particular relates to a carbon emission reduction calculation method for resource utilization of multi-source organic solid waste. Background Art

[0002] Organic solid waste, such as kitchen waste, municipal sludge, crop straw, and livestock and poultry manure, is generated in large quantities and covers a wide range of areas. Furthermore, due to its dual nature as both a pollutant and a resource, improper handling and utilization of organic solid waste can lead to serious environmental pollution and resource waste.

[0003] In recent years, research on carbon emissions from organic solid waste treatment systems has gradually gained attention. Some studies have compared the carbon emission levels of different treatment methods, such as co-processing, traditional incineration, and landfill, by constructing carbon emission accounting models. However, current research focuses on a single treatment method or a specific type of organic waste, such as the Chinese patent application number 202211480714.8, entitled "A Method for Calculating Carbon Emission Reductions from Recycled Construction Solid Waste." However, there are still gaps in carbon emission accounting methods for integrated systems involving multiple waste types, multiple treatment process pathways, and multiple green products. Only by clearly measuring carbon emission reductions can the organic solid waste resource utilization industry be further developed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, provide a rationally designed carbon emission reduction calculation method for the resource utilization of multi-source organic solid waste, clearly measure the carbon emission reduction amount, and promote the further development of the organic solid waste resource utilization industry.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is: a carbon emission reduction calculation method for resource utilization of multi-source organic solid waste, comprising the following steps:

[0006] 1. Determine the types of organic waste and the resource recovery process chain covered by the resource recovery of multi-source organic solid waste;

[0007] 2. Identify the types of greenhouse gas emissions included in the project;

[0008] 3. By comparing the old and new treatment models, identify the baseline scenario for the project;

[0009] 4. Calculate baseline carbon emissions based on the baseline scenario;

[0010] 5. Calculate the project’s carbon emissions and subtract them from the baseline carbon emissions to obtain the project’s emission reductions.

[0011] The resource recovery process chain of the present invention includes an organic solid waste crushing system, an anaerobic digestion system, a biogas purification system, a solid-liquid separation system, an aerobic system, a biomass carbonization system, a cogeneration system and an electricity / heat supply source.

[0012] The types of organic waste described in the present invention include kitchen waste, crop straw, livestock and poultry manure and urban sludge.

[0013] The types of greenhouse gas emissions described in the present invention include: CH4 emitted from anaerobic digestion and aerobic treatment, N2O emitted from waste treatment processes, CO2 emitted from electricity consumption and heat energy utilization of various on-site production equipment, CO2 emitted from transportation activities, and CH4 emitted from leakage during the production, purification, compression, storage and transportation of biogas.

[0014] The baseline scenario described in the present invention is that all organic solid waste processed by the project is disposed of by landfill; the biogas generated by the project is replaced by compressed natural gas or other fossil fuels by gas stations and industrial users who are natural gas demanders; the green electricity generated by the project is replaced by other grid-connected power plants in the project area; the green thermal energy generated by the project is replaced by other fossil fuel-based boilers or air heaters in the project area; the biomass liquid fertilizer and solid fertilizer generated by the project are replaced by other fertilizer manufacturers in the project area; and the activated carbon generated by the project is replaced by other fossil fuel-based activated carbon preparation plants in the project area.

[0015] The baseline carbon emissions described in the present invention are: the carbon emissions generated by directly landfilling all the organic solid waste processed by the project, the carbon emissions generated by the biogas generated by the project by gas stations and industrial users who are natural gas demanders using compressed natural gas or other fossil fuels, the carbon emissions generated by the green electricity generated by the project by other grid-connected power plants in the project area, the carbon emissions generated by the green heat generated by the project by other fossil fuel-based boilers or air heaters in the project area, the carbon emissions generated by the biomass liquid fertilizer and solid fertilizer generated by the project by other fertilizer manufacturers in the project area, and the carbon emissions generated by the activated carbon generated by the project by other fossil fuel-based activated carbon preparation plants in the project area.

[0016] The calculation of the baseline carbon emissions of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 1-1, carbon emissions from direct landfill of organic solid waste:

[0018] Among them, JX tm,yrepresents the carbon emissions from direct landfill of organic solid waste in year y; EF gf Indicates the emission factors of different types of solid waste; M gf,x Indicates the amount of organic solid waste that has been processed or not processed by the resource utilization system in year x; k gf It represents the annual degradation rate of organic solid waste of different types of solid waste.

[0019] Step 1-2: Using biogas to replace carbon emissions from compressed natural gas or other fossil fuels:

[0020] JX CNG,y =M BCNG,y ×JRZ BCNG ×EF CNG , among which, JX CNG,y represents the carbon emissions generated by compressed natural gas supply to gas stations and industrial users in year y; M BCNG,y Indicates the amount of biogas supplied to users by the resource utilization system in year y; JRZ BCNG Indicates the net calorific value of biogas; EF CNG represents the emission factor for compressed natural gas.

[0021] Steps 1-3: Using green electricity to replace the carbon emissions generated by grid electricity download:

[0022] JX DN,y =ELEC wg,y ×(EF grid-OM,y ×ω OM +EF grid-BM，y ×ω BM ), among which, JX DN,y Indicates the carbon emissions generated by the electricity downloaded from the grid in year y; ELEC wg,y Indicates the amount of power supplied outside the resource utilization system in year y; EF grid-OM,y EF represents the marginal emission factor of electricity in the regional power grid where the resource utilization system is located in year y; grid-BM,y represents the capacity marginal emission factor of the regional power grid where the resource utilization system is located in year y; ω OM Represents the weight of the marginal emission factor of electricity; ω BM Represents the weight of the capacity marginal emission factor.

[0023] Steps 1-4: Using green heat to replace carbon emissions from traditional heat:

[0024] JX RN，y =HE wg，y ×EF HE ÷η HE , among which, JX RN，y represents the carbon emissions from traditional thermal energy production in year y; HEwg，y Indicates the heat supply outside the resource utilization system in year y; EF HE represents the emission factor of heat generated in the area where the resource utilization system is located; η HE Indicates the efficiency of a boiler or air heater used to produce heat.

[0025] Steps 1-5, using biomass liquid fertilizer and solid fertilizer to replace traditional chemical fertilizers will result in carbon emissions:

[0026] Among them, JX HF，y represents the carbon emissions from fertilizer production in year y; M BCBF,y Indicates the amount of biomass liquid fertilizer and solid fertilizer supplied outside the resource utilization system in year y; Indicates the proportion of various nutrients (including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc.) in biomass liquid fertilizer and solid fertilizer; EF HF represents the emission factor of fertilizer.

[0027] Steps 1-6, using biomass activated carbon to replace traditional activated carbon produces carbon emissions:

[0028] JX HXT，y =M BHXT,y ×EF HXT , among which, JX HXT,y represents the carbon emissions from traditional activated carbon production in year y; M BHXT,y Indicates the amount of biomass activated carbon supplied outside the resource utilization system in year y; EF HXT Represents the emission factor for conventional activated carbon.

[0029] The project carbon emissions mentioned in the present invention refer to the greenhouse gas carbon emissions generated during the resource utilization of multi-source organic solid waste.

[0030] The calculation of carbon emissions of the project of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0031] Step 2-1, calculation of CH4 emissions caused by anaerobic digestion:

[0032] XM YY,y =M CH4,y ×EF XL-CH4 ×GWP CH4 , among which XM YY,y M represents the methane emissions from the anaerobic digester in year y, including emissions during maintenance, leakage from the roof and sidewalls, and methane released through the safety valve when the pressure is too high; CH4,y represents the annual methane production of the anaerobic digester in year y; EF XL-CH4 Indicates the emission factor of CH4 leaking from the anaerobic digester; GWP CH4 represents the global warming potential of CH4.

[0033] Step 2-2, calculation of CH4 emissions caused by aerobic treatment:

[0034] Among them, XM HY,y represents the methane emissions from the aerobic treatment process in year y; M gf,y represents the amount of organic solid waste processed by the resource utilization system in year y; R VS,n represents the proportion of volatile solids decomposed by method N in step N before waste treatment; δ HY Indicates the proportion of volatile solids entering the aerobic system; P VS-CH4 Indicates the maximum methane production potential of the volatile solids contained; GWP CH4 represents the global warming potential of CH4.

[0035] Step 2-3, calculation of N2O emissions from waste treatment process:

[0036] Among them, XM N2O,y represents the N2O emissions from the resource utilization system in year y; V mix represents the mixed volume of organic solid waste, biogas residue and biogas liquid entering the resource utilization system each month; c mix-N Indicates the total nitrogen concentration of a mixture of organic solid waste, biogas residue and biogas liquid; EF N2O,D Indicates direct N2O emission factor; EF N2O,ID The indirect N2O emission factor representing nitrogen deposition from the atmosphere to the soil or water bodies; CF N2O-N,N Indicates the conversion factor of N2O-N to N2O; GWP N2O represents the global warming potential of N2O.

[0037] Step 2-4, calculation of CO2 emissions caused by electricity consumption:

[0038] XM DN,y =ELEC XH,y ×EF DN ×(1+TDL y ), among which XM DN,y Indicates the CO2 emissions caused by the consumption of purchased electricity by the resource utilization system in year y; ELEC XH,y Indicates the purchased electricity consumed by the resource utilization system in year y; EF DN Indicates the power generation emission factor; TDL y Indicates the average technical transmission and distribution losses of the power supply.

[0039] Step 2-5, calculation of CO2 emissions caused by fossil fuel consumption:

[0040] XM FF,y =∑ i M i,y ×COFE i , among which XM FF,y M represents the CO2 emissions caused by the consumption of fossil fuels by the resource utilization system in year y; i,y represents the amount of fossil fuel i consumed in year y; COFE i Table CO2 emission coefficient of fossil fuel i.

[0041] Steps 2-6, calculation of CH4 emissions from leakage during production, purification, compression, storage, and transportation of biogas:

[0042] XM XL,y =(∑ s w CH4,biogas,y ×EF s ×T s +M CH4,y ×β XL )×GWP CH4 , among which XM XL,y w represents the amount of CH4 emitted during the production, purification, compression, storage, and transportation of biogas by the resource utilization system in year y; CH4,biogas,y represents the average weight ratio of methane in biogas in year y; EF s represents the leakage rate of equipment s; T s represents the number of operating hours of equipment s in year y; M CH4,y represents the annual methane production of the anaerobic digester in year y; β XL Indicates the physical leakage rate during storage and transportation; GWP CH4 represents the global warming potential of CH4.

[0043] Step 2-7, calculation of CO2 emissions caused by transportation activities:

[0044] XM YS,y =∑ z D z,y ×M z ×EF CO2，z , among which XM YS，y represents the CO2 emissions caused by transportation activities in year y; D z，y M represents the round-trip distance between the departure and destination of the transport activity of cargo z during the monitoring period; z Indicates the mass of goods z; EF CO2,z represents the CO2 emission factor of cargo z in transportation activities.

[0045] The emission reduction amount of the project of the present invention is calculated as follows: JP=JX-XM, wherein JP represents the emission reduction amount of the project, JX represents the baseline carbon emissions, and XM represents the carbon emissions of the project.

[0046] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] 1. This invention provides an applicable methodology for carbon emission reduction accounting from resource utilization of multi-source organic solid waste, which is highly replicable and scalable, and has great practical engineering application significance;

[0048] 2. The present invention adopts the emission factor method to calculate carbon emission reduction, which has the advantages of easy operation and strong promotion;

[0049] 3. The present invention can realize fast calculation through Excel and has high practical value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the resource processing process chain of an embodiment of the present invention. Specific implementation methods

[0051] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through examples. The following examples are intended to explain the present invention but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0052] A method for calculating carbon emission reductions from resource utilization of multi-source organic solid waste according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0053] 1. Determine the types of organic waste and the resource processing process chain covered by the resource utilization of multi-source organic solid waste.

[0054] according to Figure 1 The project's resource utilization process chain includes an organic solid waste crushing system, anaerobic digestion system, biogas purification and upgrading system, solid-liquid separation system, aerobic system, biomass carbonization system, cogeneration system, electricity / heat supply source, and related auxiliary systems. If applicable, it also includes the transportation of organic solid waste from its source to the resource utilization system, as well as the transportation of green products such as biogas to users.

[0055] Types of organic waste include food waste, crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, urban sludge, and other organic solid waste.

[0056] 2. Identify the types of greenhouse gas emissions included in the project according to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories (revised in 2019) and the Provincial Guidelines for the Compilation of Greenhouse Gas Inventories.

[0057] The types of greenhouse gas emissions included in the project include: CH4 emitted from anaerobic digestion and aerobic treatment, N2O emitted from the waste treatment process, CO2 emitted from electricity consumption and heat energy utilization of various on-site production units, CO2 emitted from transportation activities, and CH4 emitted from leakage during the production, purification, compression, storage and transportation of biogas.

[0058] 3. By comparing the old and new processing models, clarify the baseline scenario corresponding to the project.

[0059] The baseline scenario is: all organic solid waste processed by the project is disposed of through landfill; the biogas generated by the project is replaced by compressed natural gas or other fossil fuels by gas stations and industrial users who are natural gas demanders; the green electricity generated by the project is replaced by other grid-connected power plants in the project area; the green heat generated by the project is replaced by other fossil fuel-based boilers or air heaters in the project area; the biomass liquid fertilizer and solid fertilizer generated by the project are replaced by other fertilizer manufacturers in the project area; the activated carbon generated by the project is replaced by other fossil fuel-based activated carbon preparation plants in the project area.

[0060] 4. Calculate baseline carbon emissions based on the baseline scenario.

[0061] The carbon emissions under the baseline scenario are: the carbon emissions generated by the direct landfill of all organic solid waste processed by the project, the carbon emissions generated by the biogas generated by the project being replaced by compressed natural gas or other fossil fuels by gas stations and industrial users who are natural gas demanders, the carbon emissions generated by the green electricity generated by the project being replaced by other grid-connected power plants in the project area, the carbon emissions generated by the green heat generated by the project being replaced by other fossil fuel-based boilers or air heaters in the project area, the carbon emissions generated by the biomass liquid fertilizer and solid fertilizer generated by the project being replaced by other fertilizer manufacturers in the project area, and the carbon emissions generated by the activated carbon generated by the project being replaced by other fossil fuel-based activated carbon preparation plants in the project area.

[0062] The calculation of baseline carbon emissions includes the following steps:

[0063] Step 1-1, carbon emissions from direct landfill of organic solid waste:

[0064] Among them, JX tm,y represents the carbon emissions from direct landfill of organic solid waste in year y; EF gf Indicates the emission factors of organic solid waste of different types of solid waste; M gf,xIndicates the amount of organic solid waste that has been processed or not processed by the resource utilization system in year x; k gf It represents the annual degradation rate of organic solid waste of different types of solid waste.

[0065] Step 1-2: Using biogas to replace carbon emissions from compressed natural gas or other fossil fuels:

[0066] JX CNG,y =M BCNG,y ×JRZ BCNG ×EF CNG , among which, JX CNG,y represents the carbon emissions generated by compressed natural gas supply to gas stations and industrial users in year y; M BCNG,y Indicates the amount of biogas supplied to users by the resource utilization system in year y; JRZ BCNG Indicates the net calorific value of biogas; EF CNG represents the emission factor for compressed natural gas.

[0067] Steps 1-3: Using green electricity to replace the carbon emissions generated by grid electricity download:

[0068] JX DN,y =ELEC wg,y ×(EF grid-OM，y ×ω OM +EF grid-BM,y ×ω BM ), among which, JX DN,y Indicates the carbon emissions generated by the electricity downloaded from the grid in year y; ELEC wg,y Indicates the amount of power supplied outside the resource utilization system in year y; EF grid-OM,y EF represents the marginal emission factor of electricity in the regional power grid where the resource utilization system is located in year y; grid-BM,y represents the capacity marginal emission factor of the regional power grid where the resource utilization system is located in year y; ω OM Represents the weight of the marginal emission factor of electricity; ω BM Represents the weight of the capacity marginal emission factor.

[0069] Steps 1-4: Using green heat to replace carbon emissions from traditional heat:

[0070] JX RN,y =HE wg,y ×EF HE ÷η HE , among which, JX RN,y represents the carbon emissions from traditional thermal energy production in year y; HE wg,y Indicates the heat supply outside the resource utilization system in year y; EF HE represents the emission factor of heat generated in the area where the resource utilization system is located; ηHE Indicates the efficiency of a boiler or air heater used to produce heat.

[0071] Steps 1-5, using biomass liquid fertilizer and solid fertilizer to replace traditional chemical fertilizers will result in carbon emissions:

[0072] Among them, JX HF,y represents the carbon emissions from fertilizer production in year y; M BCBF,y Indicates the amount of biomass liquid fertilizer and solid fertilizer supplied outside the resource utilization system in year y; Indicates the proportion of various nutrients (including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc.) in biomass liquid fertilizer and solid fertilizer; EF HF represents the emission factor of fertilizer.

[0073] Steps 1-6, using biomass activated carbon to replace traditional activated carbon produces carbon emissions:

[0074] JX HXT，y =M BHXT,y ×EF HXT , among which, JX HXT,y represents the carbon emissions from traditional activated carbon production in year y; M BHXT，y Indicates the amount of biomass activated carbon supplied outside the resource utilization system in year y; EF HXT Represents the emission factor for conventional activated carbon.

[0075] 5. Calculate the project’s carbon emissions and subtract them from the baseline carbon emissions to obtain the project’s emission reductions.

[0076] Project carbon emissions refer to the greenhouse gas emissions generated during the resource utilization of multi-source organic solid waste. Its calculation specifically includes the following steps:

[0077] Step 2-1, calculation of CH4 emissions caused by anaerobic digestion:

[0078] XM YY，y =M CH4,y ×EF XL-CH4 ×GWP CH4 , among which XM YY,y M represents the methane emissions from the anaerobic digester in year y, including emissions during maintenance, leakage from the roof and sidewalls, and methane released through the safety valve when the pressure is too high; CH4,y represents the annual methane production of the anaerobic digester in year y; EF XL-CH4 Indicates the emission factor of CH4 leaking from the anaerobic digester; GWP CH4 represents the global warming potential of CH4.

[0079] Step 2-2, calculation of CH4 emissions caused by aerobic treatment:

[0080] Among them, XM HY,y represents the methane emissions from the aerobic treatment process in year y; M gf,y represents the amount of organic solid waste processed by the resource utilization system in year y; R VS,n represents the proportion of volatile solids decomposed by method N in step N before waste treatment; δ HY Indicates the proportion of volatile solids entering the aerobic system; P VS-CH4 Indicates the maximum methane production potential of the volatile solids contained; GWP CH4 represents the global warming potential of CH4.

[0081] Step 2-3, calculation of N2O emissions from waste treatment process:

[0082] Among them, XM N2O，y represents the N2O emissions from the resource utilization system in year y; V mix represents the mixed volume of organic solid waste, biogas residue and biogas liquid entering the resource utilization system each month; c mix-N Indicates the total nitrogen concentration of a mixture of organic solid waste, biogas residue and biogas liquid; EF N2O，D Indicates direct N2O emission factor; EF N2O,ID The indirect N2O emission factor representing nitrogen deposition from the atmosphere to the soil or water bodies; CF N2O-N,N Indicates the conversion factor of N2O-N to N2O; GWP N2O represents the global warming potential of N2O.

[0083] Step 2-4, calculation of CO2 emissions caused by electricity consumption:

[0084] XM DN,y =ELEC XH，y ×EF DN ×(1+TDL y ), among which XM DN，y Indicates the CO2 emissions caused by the consumption of purchased electricity by the resource utilization system in year y; ELEC XH，y Indicates the purchased electricity consumed by the resource utilization system in year y; EF DN Indicates the power generation emission factor; TDL y Indicates the average technical transmission and distribution losses of the power supply.

[0085] Step 2-5, calculation of CO2 emissions caused by fossil fuel consumption:

[0086] XM FF,y =∑ i M i,y×COFE i , among which XM FF,y M represents the CO2 emissions caused by the consumption of fossil fuels by the resource utilization system in year y; i,y represents the amount of fossil fuel i consumed in year y; COFE i Table CO2 emission coefficient of fossil fuel i.

[0087] Steps 2-6, calculation of CH4 emissions from leakage during production, purification, compression, storage, and transportation of biogas:

[0088] XM XL,y =(∑ s w CH4,biogas,y ×EF s ×T s +M CH4,y ×β XL )×GWP CH4 , among which XM XL,y w represents the amount of CH4 emitted during the production, purification, compression, storage, and transportation of biogas by the resource utilization system in year y; CH4,biogas,y represents the average weight ratio of methane in biogas in year y; EF s represents the leakage rate of equipment s; T s represents the number of operating hours of equipment s in year y; M CH4,y represents the annual methane production of the anaerobic digester in year y; β XL Indicates the physical leakage rate during storage and transportation; GWP CH4 represents the global warming potential of CH4.

[0089] Step 2-7, calculation of CO2 emissions caused by transportation activities:

[0090] XM YS,y =∑ z D z,y ×M z ×EF CO2,z , among which XM YS,y represents the CO2 emissions caused by transportation activities in year y; D z,y M represents the round-trip distance between the departure and destination of the transport activity of cargo z during the monitoring period; z Indicates the mass of goods z; EF CO2,z represents the CO2 emission factor of cargo z in transportation activities.

[0091] Subtract the project carbon emissions from the baseline carbon emissions to obtain the project emission reduction: JP = JX - XM, where JP represents the project emission reduction, JX represents the baseline carbon emissions, and the relevant calculation steps are shown in 1-1 to 1-6; XM represents the project carbon emissions, and the relevant calculation steps are shown in 2-1 to 2-7.

[0092] The present invention has specified data monitoring requirements, clarifying whether the data involved in the present invention needs to be monitored, explaining the monitoring source and monitoring frequency of the data parameters that need to be monitored, and explaining the method of obtaining the data parameters that do not need to be monitored.

[0093] The data that need to be monitored in the present invention mainly include: the collection amount of various types of solid organic waste of the project, which is continuously monitored by on-site weighing equipment and summarized annually; the electricity consumption at the project site, which is continuously monitored by the electricity meter and summarized annually; the amount of fossil fuel consumed at the project site, which is continuously monitored by the meter and summarized annually; the biogas production of the project, which is continuously measured by the flow meter and summarized annually; the green electricity production of the project, which is continuously monitored by the electricity meter and summarized annually; the green thermal energy production of the project, which is continuously monitored by the energy meter and summarized annually; the production of biomass liquid fertilizer and solid fertilizer of the project, which is continuously monitored by on-site weighing equipment and summarized annually; the activated carbon production of the project, which is continuously monitored by on-site weighing equipment and summarized annually; the proportion of volatile solids entering the aerobic system of the project, which is regularly sampled and tested by laboratory analysis method and summarized annually; the number of operating hours of each equipment of the project, which is continuously monitored by the equipment meter and summarized annually; the round-trip distance between the departure and destination in the project's cargo transportation activities, which is continuously monitored by the transport vehicle trip recorder and summarized annually; the quality of the project's cargo, which is continuously monitored by on-site weighing equipment and summarized annually.

[0094] The data that does not need to be monitored in this invention are mainly obtained through operating experience data of similar projects, estimated values ​​of specific locations, regions or countries, the "2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories" (2019 revised edition), and the "2019 Emission Reduction Project China Regional Power Grid Baseline Emission Factors".

[0095] Example Project Description: This project is a new integrated organic solid waste treatment facility. Key equipment includes a magnetic separator, crusher, anaerobic digester, aerobic composting equipment, and a combined heat and power system. Based on on-site monitoring data from the past year, the project collected 50,000 tons of restaurant waste, 50,000 tons of kitchen waste, and 40,000 tons of manure. This generated 35,110 tons of biogas, 31,110 tons of biogas, 102,000 GJ of green heat, 16,000 MWh of grid-connected electricity, 30,000 tons of biofertilizer, and 12,000 tons of bioactivated carbon. No external electricity or fossil fuels were purchased. The volatile solids content of the waste entering the aerobic system was 45%. The biogas produced was transported to a gas station 10 km away; the remaining products are currently not shipped.

[0096] The marginal emission factor of the regional power grid where the project is located is 0.64tCO2 / MWh; the weight of the marginal emission factor of electricity is 0.5; the marginal emission factor of the capacity of the power grid is 0.2856tCO2 / MWh; the weight of the marginal emission factor of capacity is 0.5.

[0097] 50,000 tons of restaurant kitchen waste, 50,000 tons of kitchen waste, and 40,000 tons of manure were processed; the emission factor of restaurant kitchen waste and kitchen waste was 0.557 tons of CO2 / ton, and the emission factor of manure was 0.234 tons of CO2 / ton; the annual degradation rate of restaurant kitchen waste and kitchen waste was 0.4, and the annual degradation rate of manure was 0.05:

[0098] JX tm,y =2×0.557×50000×(1-e -0.4 )+0.234×40000×(1-e -0.05 )=18820tCO2.

[0099] 28,670 tons of biogas were supplied; the net calorific value of biogas was 46.9 GJ / t; the emission factor of compressed natural gas was 0.543 tCO2 / GJ:

[0100] JX CNG,y =31110×46.9×0.543=792268tCO2.

[0101] The grid capacity is 16,000 MWh. The marginal emission factor for the regional power grid where the project is located is 0.64 tCO2 / MWh, with a weight of 0.5. The marginal emission factor for the capacity of the power grid is 0.2856 tCO2 / MWh, with a weight of 0.5.

[0102] JX DN,y =16000×(0.64×0.5+0.2856×0.5)=7402tCO2.

[0103] Produces 102,000 GJ of green heat; the heat emission factor is 0.11 tCO2 / GJ; the efficiency of the boiler or air heater used for heat production is 0.9:

[0104] JX RN，y =102000×0.11÷0.9=12467tCO2.

[0105] 30,000 tons of biomass fertilizer was produced; the biomass fertilizer contained 4% nitrogen, 2.5% phosphorus, and 1.5% potassium; the emission factors of chemical fertilizers were 2.116tCO2 / t N, 1.457tCO2 / t P, and 0.217tCO2 / t K, respectively:

[0106] JX HF,y =30000×(4%×2.116+2%×1.457+1.5%×0.217)=3511tCO2.

[0107] The production of activated carbon is 12,000 tons; the emission factor of traditional activated carbon is 6.6 kg CO2 / kg:

[0108] JX HXT,y =12000×6.6=79200tCO2.

[0109] 35,110 tons of natural gas is produced; the emission factor of the leaked CH4 is 0.05; the global warming potential of CH4 is 25:

[0110] XM YY,y =35110×0.05×25=43887tCO2.

[0111] Processing 50,000 tons of food waste, 50,000 tons of kitchen waste, and 40,000 tons of manure; the volatile solids ratio after entering the aerobic system is 45%; the maximum methane production potential of the volatile solids contained is 0.363L CH4 / g VS; the global warming potential of CH4 is 25:

[0112] XM HY,y =140000×45%×0.363×0.717×25=409927tCO2.

[0113] The mixed volume of organic solid waste, biogas residue and biogas liquid entering the resource utilization system is 163335m 3 The total nitrogen concentration of the mixture of organic solid waste, biogas residue and biogas liquid is 3000 mg / L; the direct N2O emission factor is 0.035; the indirect N2O emission factor is 0.015; the global warming potential of N2O is 298; the conversion factor of N2O-N to N2O is 1.57:

[0114] XM N2O,y =163335×0.003×[0.035+0.015]×298×1.57=11463tCO2.

[0115] The average weight ratio of methane in biogas is 65kg CH4 / kg; the leakage rate of the compression and purification equipment is 0.003kg / h, with an annual operating hour of 7,200 hours; the annual methane production of the anaerobic digester is 31,599 tons; the average weight ratio of methane in biogas to the physical leakage rate during storage and transportation is 0.0125; the global warming potential of CH4 is 25:

[0116] XM XL,y=(65×0.003×7.2+31599×0.0125)×25=9909tCO2.

[0117] The transportation distance of biogas is 10km; 31,110t of biogas is supplied to outsiders; the CO2 emission factor during transportation is 129gCO2 / t / km.

[0118] XM YS，y =5×31110×129÷1000000=20tCO2.

[0119] JP=JX-XM=(18820+792268+7402+12467+3511+79200)-(43887+409927+11463+9909)=438482tCO2.

[0120] It should be noted that the contents described in this specification are merely examples of the present invention. Any equivalent or simple variation based on the present invention's patent concept falls within the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may modify, supplement, or substitute the embodiments, and as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they are deemed to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon emission reduction calculation method for resource utilization of multi-source organic solid waste, characterized in that: The following steps are involved:

1. Determine the types of organic waste and the resource recovery process chain covered by the resource recovery of multi-source organic solid waste; 2. Identify the types of greenhouse gas emissions included in the project; 3. By comparing the old and new treatment models, identify the baseline scenario for the project; 4. Calculate baseline carbon emissions based on the baseline scenario; 5. Calculate the project’s carbon emissions and subtract them from the baseline carbon emissions to obtain the project’s emission reductions.

2. The carbon emission reduction calculation method for resource utilization of multi-source organic solid waste according to claim 1 is characterized by: The resource recovery process chain includes an organic solid waste crushing system, an anaerobic digestion system, a biogas purification system, a solid-liquid separation system, an aerobic system, a biomass carbonization system, a cogeneration system and an electricity / heat supply source.

3. The carbon emission reduction calculation method for resource utilization of multi-source organic solid waste according to claim 1 is characterized by: The types of organic waste include kitchen waste, crop straw, livestock and poultry manure and urban sludge.

4. The carbon emission reduction calculation method for resource utilization of multi-source organic solid waste according to claim 1 is characterized by: The types of greenhouse gas emissions include: CH4 emitted from anaerobic digestion and aerobic treatment, N2O emitted from waste treatment processes, CO2 emitted from electricity consumption and heat energy utilization of on-site production equipment, CO2 emitted from transportation activities, and CH4 emitted from leakage during the production, purification, compression, storage and transportation of biogas.

5. The carbon emission reduction calculation method for resource utilization of multi-source organic solid waste according to claim 1 is characterized by: The baseline scenario is as follows: all organic solid waste processed by the project is disposed of through landfill; the biogas generated by the project is replaced by compressed natural gas or other fossil fuels by gas stations and industrial users who are natural gas demanders; the green electricity generated by the project is replaced by other grid-connected power plants in the project area; the green heat generated by the project is replaced by other fossil fuel-based boilers or air heaters in the project area; the biomass liquid fertilizer and solid fertilizer generated by the project are replaced by other fertilizer manufacturers in the project area; the activated carbon generated by the project is replaced by other fossil fuel-based activated carbon preparation plants in the project area.

6. The carbon emission reduction calculation method for resource utilization of multi-source organic solid waste according to claim 1 is characterized by: The baseline carbon emissions are: the carbon emissions generated by direct landfill of all organic solid waste processed by the project, the carbon emissions generated by the biogas generated by the project being replaced by compressed natural gas or other fossil fuels by gas stations and industrial users who are natural gas demanders, the carbon emissions generated by the green electricity generated by the project being replaced by other grid-connected power plants in the project area, the carbon emissions generated by the green heat generated by the project being replaced by other fossil fuel-based boilers or air heaters in the project area, the carbon emissions generated by the biomass liquid fertilizer and solid fertilizer generated by the project being replaced by other fertilizer manufacturers in the project area, and the carbon emissions generated by the activated carbon generated by the project being replaced by other fossil fuel-based activated carbon preparation plants in the project area.

7. The carbon emission reduction calculation method for resource utilization of multi-source organic solid waste according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calculation of baseline carbon emissions includes the following steps: Step 1-1, carbon emissions from direct landfill of organic solid waste: Among them, JX tm,y represents the carbon emissions from direct landfill of organic solid waste in year y; EF gf Indicates the emission factors of different types of solid waste; M gf，x Indicates the amount of organic solid waste that has been processed or not processed by the resource utilization system in year x; k gf It indicates the annual degradation rate of organic solid waste of different solid waste types; Step 1-2: Using biogas to replace carbon emissions from compressed natural gas or other fossil fuels: JX CNG，y =M BCNG,y ×JRZ BCNG ×EF CNG , among which, JX CNG,y represents the carbon emissions generated by compressed natural gas supply to gas stations and industrial users in year y; M BCNG,y Indicates the amount of biogas supplied to users by the resource utilization system in year y; JRZ BCNG Indicates the net calorific value of biogas; EF CNG represents the emission factor for compressed natural gas; Steps 1-3: Using green electricity to replace the carbon emissions generated by grid electricity download: JX DN，y =ELEC wg，y ×(EF grid-OM，y ×ω OM +EF g(id-BM,y ×ω BM ), among which, JX Dn,y Indicates the carbon emissions generated by the electricity downloaded from the grid in year y; ELEC wg,y Indicates the amount of power supplied outside the resource utilization system in year y; EF grid-OM,y EF represents the marginal emission factor of electricity in the regional power grid where the resource utilization system is located in year y; grid-BM,y represents the capacity marginal emission factor of the regional power grid where the resource utilization system is located in year y; ω OM Represents the weight of the marginal emission factor of electricity; ω BM represents the weight of the capacity marginal emission factor; Steps 1-4: Using green heat to replace carbon emissions from traditional heat: JX RN,y =HE wg,y ×EF HE ÷η HE , among which, JX RN,y represents the carbon emissions from traditional thermal energy production in year y; HE wg,y Indicates the heat supply outside the resource utilization system in year y; EF HE represents the emission factor of heat generated in the area where the resource utilization system is located; η HE Indicates the efficiency of the boiler or air heater used to produce heat; Steps 1-5, using biomass liquid fertilizer and solid fertilizer to replace traditional chemical fertilizers will result in carbon emissions: Among them, JX HF,y represents the carbon emissions from fertilizer production in year y; M BCBF,y Indicates the amount of biomass liquid fertilizer and solid fertilizer supplied outside the resource utilization system in year y; Indicates the proportion of various nutrients (including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc.) in biomass liquid fertilizer and solid fertilizer; EF HF represents the emission factor of fertilizer; Steps 1-6, using biomass activated carbon to replace traditional activated carbon produces carbon emissions: JX HXT,y =M BHXT,y ×EF HXT , among which, JX HXT,y represents the carbon emissions from traditional activated carbon production in year y; M BHXT,y Indicates the amount of biomass activated carbon supplied outside the resource utilization system in year y; EF HXT Represents the emission factor for conventional activated carbon.

8. The carbon emission reduction calculation method for resource utilization of multi-source organic solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The project carbon emissions mentioned above refer to the greenhouse gas carbon emissions generated during the resource utilization of multi-source organic solid waste.

9. The carbon emission reduction calculation method for resource utilization of multi-source organic solid waste according to claim 7, characterized in that: The calculation of project carbon emissions includes the following steps: Step 2-1, calculation of CH4 emissions caused by anaerobic digestion: XM YY,y =M CH4，y ×EF XL-CH4 ×GWP CH4 , among which XM YY,y M represents the methane emissions from the anaerobic digester in year y, including emissions during maintenance, leakage from the roof and sidewalls, and methane released through the safety valve when the pressure is too high; CH4,y represents the annual methane production of the anaerobic digester in year y; EF XL-CH4 Indicates the emission factor of CH4 leaking from the anaerobic digester; GWP CH4 represents the global warming potential of CH4; Step 2-2, calculation of CH4 emissions caused by aerobic treatment: Among them, XM HY,y represents the methane emissions from the aerobic treatment process in year y; M gf,y represents the amount of organic solid waste processed by the resource utilization system in year y; R VS,n represents the proportion of volatile solids decomposed by method N in step N before waste treatment; δ HY Indicates the proportion of volatile solids entering the aerobic system; P VS-CH4 Indicates the maximum methane production potential of the volatile solids contained; GWP CH4 represents the global warming potential of CH4; Step 2-3, calculation of N2O emissions from waste treatment process: Among them, XM N2O,y represents the N2O emissions from the resource utilization system in year y; V mix represents the mixed volume of organic solid waste, biogas residue and biogas liquid entering the resource utilization system each month; c mix-N Indicates the total nitrogen concentration of a mixture of organic solid waste, biogas residue and biogas liquid; EF N2O,D Indicates direct N2O emission factor; EF N2O,ID The indirect N2O emission factor representing nitrogen deposition from the atmosphere to the soil or water bodies; CF N2O-N,N Indicates the conversion factor of N2O-N to N2O; GWP N2O represents the global warming potential of N2O; Step 2-4, calculation of CO2 emissions caused by electricity consumption: XM DN,y =ELEC XH,y ×EF DN ×(1+TDL y ), among which XM DN,y Indicates the CO2 emissions caused by the consumption of purchased electricity by the resource utilization system in year y; ELEC XH,y Indicates the purchased electricity consumed by the resource utilization system in year y; EF DN Indicates the power generation emission factor; TDL y Indicates the average technical transmission and distribution losses of the power supply; Step 2-5, calculation of CO2 emissions caused by fossil fuel consumption: XM FF,y =∑ i M i,y ×COFE i , among which XM FF,y M represents the CO2 emissions caused by the consumption of fossil fuels by the resource utilization system in year y; i,y represents the amount of fossil fuel i consumed in year y; COFE i Table CO2 emission coefficient of fossil fuel i; Steps 2-6, calculation of CH4 emissions from leakage during production, purification, compression, storage, and transportation of biogas: XM XL,y =(∑ s w CH4,biogas,y ×EF s ×T s +M CH4,y ×β XL )×GWP CH4 , among which XM XL,y w represents the amount of CH4 emitted during the production, purification, compression, storage, and transportation of biogas by the resource utilization system in year y; CH4,biogas,y represents the average weight ratio of methane in biogas in year y; EF s represents the leakage rate of equipment s; T s represents the number of operating hours of equipment s in year y; M CH4,y represents the annual methane production of the anaerobic digester in year y; β XL Indicates the physical leakage rate during storage and transportation; GWP CH4 represents the global warming potential of CH4; Step 2-7, calculation of CO2 emissions caused by transportation activities: XM YS,y =∑ z D z,y ×M z ×EF CO2,z , among which XM YS,y represents the CO2 emissions caused by transportation activities in year y; D z,y M represents the round-trip distance between the departure and destination of the transport activity of cargo z during the monitoring period; z Indicates the mass of goods z; EF CO2,z represents the CO2 emission factor of cargo z in transportation activities.

10. The carbon emission reduction calculation method for resource utilization of multi-source organic solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation method for project emission reduction is: JP = JX - XM, where JP represents the project emission reduction, JX represents the baseline carbon emissions, and XM represents the project carbon emissions.

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