Energy storage system PACK module

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy storage system PACK module, which comprises a box body and a battery module fixed in the box body and formed by at least one group of battery stacking bodies, each battery stacking body is formed by linearly arranging and stacking a plurality of square battery cells, a liquid cooling plate is arranged at the bottom of the box body, a fire extinguishing agent spray head is arranged on the side wall of the box body, and a fire extinguishing agent is arranged on the fire extinguishing agent spray head. The fire extinguishing device is used for spraying liquid nitrogen / carbon dioxide into the box body to extinguish fire when the module is on fire. According to the PACK module of the energy storage system, the liquid cooling plate is arranged at the bottom of the box body, the battery can be cooled at the bottom, and by arranging the liquid nitrogen spray head, when a battery cell is out of control and breaks out of fire, the liquid nitrogen spray head is started, liquid nitrogen is sprayed out to extinguish fire, fire behavior expansion is prevented, and safety management of the battery of the PACK module of the energy storage system is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy storage systems, and in particular to an energy storage system PACK module. Background Art

[0002] Energy storage systems, which manage power for the grid and the DC distribution network connected to it, are centered around batteries, consisting of multiple groups of cells. During the use of an energy storage system, the cells expand and become compressed as they undergo multiple charge and discharge cycles. Furthermore, when a cell is overcharged or short-circuited, the electrolyte or gas inside it rapidly expands, causing swelling. Ultimately, the temperature inside the cell rises, creating the risk of fire and explosion.

[0003] In the prior art, firefighting for energy storage systems typically involves installing fire sprinklers on top of containers. When a battery module catches fire due to thermal runaway, the fire is extinguished for the PACK modules in a cluster. Individual PACK modules that make up the cluster are not equipped with firefighting devices.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to set up a fire protection system for the battery modules of the energy storage system so as to extinguish the fire in time when the battery modules of the energy storage system catch fire due to thermal runaway. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy storage system PACK module in order to overcome the deficiencies and defects of the prior art.

[0006] An energy storage system PACK module includes a box and a battery module fixed in the box, which is formed by at least one group of battery stacks. The battery stack is formed by a plurality of square battery cells stacked in a straight line. The bottom of the box has a liquid cooling plate, and the side walls of the box have fire extinguishing agent nozzles for spraying liquid nitrogen / carbon dioxide into the box to extinguish the fire when the module catches fire.

[0007] A flexible full-DC converter is arranged on the outside of one end of the box, and the flexible full-DC converter is electrically connected to the battery module, and current is output and input through the flexible full-DC converter.

[0008] Wherein, a fuse is provided on the connection circuit between the battery module and the flexible full DC converter.

[0009] Wherein, the fuse is connected to the connection line between the negative current side of the battery module and the negative pole of the flexible full DC conversion.

[0010] A sound detection locator is arranged at one end of the box body, which is used to locate the position of the battery cell with the safety valve opened in the battery module by detecting and monitoring the sound when the safety valve of the battery cell is opened.

[0011] A composite gas collector is arranged on the inner side of one end of the box body, which is used to collect the gas emitted by the batteries of the battery module in the box body and analyze the gas components.

[0012] The box body is composed of a bottom plate and a shell connected to the bottom plate. The shell has a top plate and three side plates vertically connected to the top plate, an end opening, and a U-shaped end plate is fixed on the bottom plate to match the open side of the shell.

[0013] The shell is connected to the base plate via a plurality of fasteners, and a sealing ring is provided between the connecting edge of the shell and the connecting portion of the base plate.

[0014] Wherein, a support block is arranged at the top of the battery module to support the top plate of the shell internally.

[0015] Among them, support frames are fixed to the lower parts of both sides of the box body, and a plurality of rollers arranged at intervals are installed at the bottom of the support frame to facilitate the movement of the energy storage system PACK module in the module bracket of the container energy storage system.

[0016] The energy storage system PACK module of the present invention can effectively monitor the expansion pressure of the battery cells throughout the life cycle of the battery module by arranging a thin film pressure sensor between the large surfaces of every two adjacent battery cells in the battery stack. When the battery cells expand, the pressure changes can be accurately detected and transmitted to the pressure monitoring device for real-time monitoring to ensure the safety of the battery module.

[0017] The energy storage system PACK module of the present invention has a liquid cooling plate at the bottom of the box, which can cool the battery at the bottom. By configuring a liquid nitrogen nozzle, when the battery cell gets out of control and catches fire, the liquid nitrogen nozzle can be activated to spray liquid nitrogen to extinguish the fire and prevent the fire from spreading, which helps to achieve safe management of the PACK module batteries of the energy storage system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an energy storage system PACK module of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the energy storage system PACK module of the present invention with the shell removed.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the box bottom plate of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the energy storage system PACK module of the present invention without a flexible full DC converter.

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the housing of the energy storage system PACK module of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0024] See the instructions attached Figures 1 to 5 As shown, an energy storage system PACK module in the present invention includes a box and a battery module 11 fixed in the box, which is formed by at least one group of battery stacks. The battery stack is formed by a plurality of square battery cells arranged and stacked in a straight line. A liquid cooling plate 16 is provided at the bottom of the box, and the liquid inlet and outlet of the liquid cooling plate 16 are connected to the liquid inlet connector 6 and the liquid return connector 7. A fire extinguishing agent nozzle 9 is provided on the side wall of the box for spraying liquid nitrogen / carbon dioxide into the box to extinguish the fire when the module catches fire.

[0025] In specific applications, when a battery fire is detected, the system can automatically control the spraying of liquid nitrogen to suppress explosion and extinguish the fire, and then inject carbon dioxide to dilute the gas and extinguish the fire. By controlling the input of dual fire extinguishing materials in sequence, explosion-proof fire extinguishing is achieved, ensuring safety. It can respond quickly to safety accidents and reduce losses. Liquid nitrogen / carbon dioxide fire extinguishing media has good insulation and cooling properties, can extinguish battery fires and electrical equipment fires, and prevent re-ignition to reduce the risk of explosion.

[0026] In some embodiments, a flexible full-DC converter 4 is disposed on the outside of one end of the housing. This flexible full-DC converter is electrically connected to the battery module 11, and current is input and output through the flexible full-DC converter. The configuration of this flexible full-DC converter enables battery type balancing control, improves battery consistency, avoids rapid battery capacity decay caused by cell variations, further effectively improves battery efficiency and service life, and effectively reduces lifecycle operation and maintenance costs.

[0027] In some embodiments, a fuse 19, such as a fast fuse, is provided on the connection circuit between the battery module 11 and the flexible full-DC converter. A fast fuse is installed in the battery module to prevent excessive current in the event of a short circuit, and an automatic circuit breaker can be further configured to immediately cut off the power supply when an abnormal current is detected. In some embodiments, the fuse is connected to the connection line between the negative current side of the battery module and the negative pole of the flexible full-DC converter. Specifically, the fuse 19 is connected to the negative bus 21 of the battery module, and then connected to the negative end of the flexible full-DC converter. The positive bus 22 of the battery module is directly connected to the positive end of the flexible full-DC converter.

[0028] In some embodiments, a sound detection locator 3 is disposed at one end of the housing. This device is used to locate the battery cell with an open safety valve in the battery module by detecting and monitoring the sound emitted by the battery cell's safety valve opening. By using the sound detection locator to detect the characteristic sound signals emitted at the earliest stages of lithium battery thermal runaway in real time, fire hazards can be detected and alarmed more than 20 minutes earlier than traditional firefighting systems. Effective coordinated measures can be taken to promptly prevent the spread of battery thermal runaway within the energy storage power station and prevent fires.

[0029] In some embodiments, a composite gas collector 17 is positioned inside one end of the housing to collect composite gases emitted by the cells in the battery module within the housing and analyze their composition. The composite gas collector detects characteristic gas signals emitted in the very early stages of lithium battery thermal runaway in real time. Combined with the detected safety valve signals, this can detect fire hazards and issue an alarm more than 20 minutes earlier than traditional firefighting systems. By implementing effective coordinated measures, the spread of battery thermal runaway within the energy storage power station can be prevented, preventing fires from occurring.

[0030] In some embodiments, the box body is composed of a box bottom plate 1 and a shell 2 connected to the box bottom plate. The shell 2 has a top plate and three side plates vertically connected to the top plate, and an end opening. A U-shaped end plate 5 that cooperates with the open side of the shell is fixed to the box bottom plate, and the flexible full DC converter 4 is installed on the outer surface of the U-shaped end plate.

[0031] Specifically, the box bottom plate 1 is composed of a liquid cooling plate 16 and an outer frame. The outer frame forms a rectangular structure and is arranged on the upper surface of the box bottom plate. Figure 3 shown.

[0032] The shell 2 is connected to the box bottom plate 1 by multiple fasteners. There is a sealing ring 12 between the connection edge of the box shell and the connection part of the box bottom plate. The fasteners are bolts, which are multiple and arranged at intervals to seal the shell and the box bottom plate.

[0033] In some embodiments, a support block 10 is arranged at the top of the battery module 11 to support the top plate of the shell internally. There are multiple support blocks 10, which can be made of foam to form a space between the battery module and the top of the shell to facilitate the spraying of the fire extinguishing agent and provide corresponding space for spraying.

[0034] In some embodiments, support frames are fixed to the lower parts of both sides of the box body, and a plurality of rollers 8 arranged at intervals are installed at the bottom of the support frames to facilitate the movement of the energy storage system PACK module in the module support of the container energy storage system.

[0035] In some embodiments, the liquid cooling plate is connected to a cooling system to form a closed liquid cooling system. The cooling system utilizes an intelligent cooling system, including a heat exchange device, which can automatically adjust the cooling method and intensity according to the battery status and environmental conditions, thereby optimizing the battery's operating environment, extending the battery's service life, and reducing safety hazards. For example, when the battery temperature is detected to be high, the cooling system will automatically increase the cooling intensity, while when the battery temperature is detected to be low, the cooling system will automatically reduce the cooling intensity to achieve adaptive regulation and control of cooling. The closed liquid cooling system circulates coolant between the battery modules to remove heat. The coolant can be made of a material with low electrical conductivity and high thermal conductivity - ethylene glycol-based coolant. Equipped with a high-efficiency heat exchanger, it dissipates heat from the battery system to the external environment. Multiple temperature sensors can be arranged in the battery modules and coolant to monitor the temperature in real time and adjust the coolant flow.

[0036] In some embodiments, a thin film pressure sensor 15 is respectively arranged between the large surfaces of every two adjacent battery cells of the battery stack, and multiple thin film pressure sensors are commonly connected to the FFC harness 14, and the FFC harness transmits the pressure monitoring signal to the pressure monitoring mechanism 18. The pressure monitoring mechanism can be arranged at one end of the module. Preferably, the thin film pressure sensor adopts a multi-point pressure sensor, and the surface area of ​​the thin film pressure sensor contacting the battery cell is adapted to the area of ​​the large surface of the battery cell. Multiple thin film pressure sensors are connected to the FFC harness through a pin interface, which facilitates assembly and maintenance.

[0037] The energy storage system PACK module of the present invention can effectively monitor the expansion pressure of the battery cells throughout the life cycle of the battery module by arranging a thin film pressure sensor between the large surfaces of every two adjacent battery cells in the battery stack. When the battery cells expand, the pressure changes can be accurately detected and transmitted to the pressure monitoring device for real-time monitoring to ensure the safety of the battery module.

[0038] The present invention pioneers the use of thin-film pressure distribution sensors to achieve real-time detection of the in-situ expansion force of battery modules throughout their entire life cycle. Through flexible tactile sensing technology, it overcomes the key technical issues of poor compatibility between traditional pressure sensors and batteries and difficulty in obtaining the in-situ expansion force distribution of batteries. By integrating high-precision, high-sensitivity, large-range, and large-array flexible thin-film pressure sensors between battery cells, it achieves real-time acquisition and intelligent analysis of the in-situ expansion force distribution of a large area of ​​the battery.

[0039] In some embodiments, an elastic buffer structure is arranged on the large surface of every two adjacent battery cells. One surface of the thin film pressure sensor is bonded to the elastic buffer structure, while the other surface of the thin film pressure sensor contacts the surface of one battery cell. In some embodiments, the elastic buffer structure may include an aerogel sheet and a foam sheet, with one surface of the aerogel sheet connected to the foam sheet, and the other surface of the aerogel sheet contacting the large surface of the battery cell.

[0040] In some embodiments, end plates are arranged at both ends of the battery stack, and foam pads are arranged between the end plates and the battery cells. The battery stack and the end plates are surrounded and tightened on the outside by cable ties, and the upper ends of the end plates are connected to the end plate strips 13, and the end plate strips are connected to the frame structure of the box bottom plate through long bolts, thereby fixing the battery stack to the surface of the box bottom plate.

[0041] In some embodiments, a CCS assembly is arranged at the pole end of the battery stack, and a cell temperature sensor and a cell voltage sensor are arranged on the CCS assembly. Each cell is connected to a cell temperature sensor, a cell temperature sensor and a cell voltage sensor to monitor the temperature and voltage data of each cell and feed them back to the battery management unit or battery management system 20.

[0042] In summary, the energy storage system PACK module of the present invention has a battery module in which a thin film pressure sensor is arranged between the large surfaces of every two adjacent battery cells in the battery stack. This can effectively monitor the battery cell expansion pressure throughout the entire life cycle of the battery module. When the battery cell expands, the pressure signal can be accurately detected and transmitted to the pressure monitoring device for real-time monitoring, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery module.

[0043] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention.

[0044] The embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

[0045] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. Energy storage system PACK module, characterized by: It includes a box body and a battery module formed by at least one group of battery stacks fixed in the box body. The battery stack is formed by multiple square battery cells arranged in a straight line and stacked. There is a liquid cooling plate at the bottom of the box body and a fire extinguishing agent nozzle on the side wall of the box body, which is used to spray liquid nitrogen / carbon dioxide into the box body to extinguish the fire when the module catches fire.

2. The energy storage system PACK module according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flexible full-DC converter is arranged on the outside of one end of the box, and the flexible full-DC converter is electrically connected to the battery module, and current is output and input through the flexible full-DC converter.

3. The energy storage system PACK module according to claim 2, characterized in that: A fuse is provided on the connection circuit between the battery module and the flexible full DC converter.

4. The energy storage system PACK module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fuse is connected to the connection line between the negative current pole side of the battery module and the negative pole of the flexible full DC conversion.

5. The energy storage system PACK module according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sound detection locator is arranged at one end of the box body, which is used to locate the position of the battery cell with the safety valve opened in the battery module by detecting and monitoring the sound when the safety valve of the battery cell is opened.

6. The energy storage system PACK module according to claim 1, characterized in that: A composite gas collector is arranged on the inner side of one end of the box body, which is used to collect the gas emitted by the batteries of the battery module in the box body and analyze the gas components.

7. The energy storage system PACK module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box body is composed of a bottom plate and a shell connected to the bottom plate. The shell has a top plate and three side plates vertically connected to the top plate, an end side opening, and a U-shaped end plate that cooperates with the open side of the shell is fixed on the bottom plate.

8. The energy storage system PACK module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The shell is connected to the bottom plate through a plurality of fasteners, and a sealing ring is provided between the connecting edge of the shell and the connecting portion of the bottom plate.

9. The energy storage system PACK module according to claim 7, characterized in that: A support block is arranged at the top of the battery module to support the top plate of the shell internally.

10. The energy storage system PACK module according to claim 1, characterized in that: Support frames are fixed to the lower parts of both sides of the box body, and a plurality of rollers arranged at intervals are installed at the bottom of the support frame to facilitate the movement of the energy storage system PACK module in the module bracket of the container energy storage system.

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