Floating electric connector based on intelligent material

Abstract

The invention provides a floating electric connector based on an intelligent material, and relates to the technical field of connectors, the floating electric connector comprises a female end structure and a male end structure which are detachably connected, and the female end structure and the male end structure are respectively used for connecting two electrical devices needing to be butted. The female end structure comprises a jack base embedded in the female end shell and a plurality of intelligent material elastic layer sheets, the intelligent material elastic layer sheets are used for adjusting the structural rigidity of the intelligent material elastic layer sheets according to external stimulation so as to adjust the relative positions of the jack base and the female end shell, the jack base is provided with a plurality of jacks, and the jacks are connected with the intelligent material elastic layer sheets. The male end structure comprises a male end fixing plate and a plug-in shell, the male end fixing plate vertically sleeves the plug-in shell and is matched with the first opening, a plurality of plug-ins corresponding to the jacks are arranged in the plug-in shell, the male end fixing plate is connected with the female end shell, the plug-in shell is connected with the jack base, and the plug-ins are used for being connected with another electrical device. According to the invention, the structure complexity can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of connectors, and in particular to a floating electrical connector based on smart materials. Background Art

[0002] Floating electrical connectors are designed to provide stable electrical connections in harsh environments. They are particularly well-suited for applications requiring high reliability, such as aerospace, automotive, and communications. Their key feature is their ability to provide a degree of mechanical floating or self-alignment between connector contact points, thereby enhancing connection stability under conditions such as vibration, temperature fluctuations, and pressure variations.

[0003] Since floating electrical connectors are used in harsh environments, they need to overcome challenges such as vibration, temperature changes, assembly errors, and mechanical stress while ensuring the reliability and stability of electrical contact. Therefore, the design of floating electrical connectors in related technologies is very sophisticated, involving complex elastic elements, locking mechanisms, and contact points. The complex structure greatly increases the difficulty and cost of production, which is not conducive to large-scale production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem solved by the present invention is how to reduce the structural complexity while ensuring the structural accuracy, so as to reduce the production difficulty and cost.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a floating electrical connector based on smart materials, including a female end structure and a male end structure that can be detachably connected, the female end structure and the male end structure are respectively used to connect two electrical devices that need to be docked, the female end structure includes a jack base embedded in the female end shell and a plurality of smart material elastic layers, the plurality of smart material elastic layers are evenly arranged between the outer wall of the jack base and the inner wall of the female end shell, and one end of the smart material elastic layer is connected to the outer wall of the jack base, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the female end shell, the smart material elastic layer is used to adjust the structural stiffness of the smart material elastic layer according to external stimulation, so as to adjust the relative position of the jack base and the female end shell. The female end shell is provided with a first opening at one end for connecting to the male end structure, and a second opening at one end for connecting to the electrical device. The jack base is provided with a plurality of jacks, one end of the jacks faces the first opening, and the other end faces the second opening and is used to connect to the electrical device. The male end structure includes a male end fixing plate and a plug-in shell, the male end fixing plate is sleeved on the plug-in shell and adapted to the first opening, and a plurality of plug-ins corresponding to the plurality of jacks are provided in the plug-in shell, the male end fixing plate is used to be connected to the female end shell, the plug-in shell is used to be connected to the jack base, and one end of the plug-in is used to be connected to the jack, and the other end is used to be connected to another electrical device.

[0006] Optionally, the female end structure further includes a plurality of female end contacts corresponding to the plurality of the sockets, one end of the female end contact is connected to an end of the socket away from the plug-in, and the other end is used to connect to the electrical device.

[0007] Optionally, the female end structure further includes a rubber retaining sheet, and the rubber retaining sheet is provided at the connection between the female end contact piece and the jack.

[0008] Optionally, a side edge of the jack base facing the plug-in shell is provided with chamfers on all sides, and an end of the plug-in shell facing the jack base is provided with a third opening, and the chamfers on all sides are adapted to the third opening.

[0009] Optionally, the inner wall of the jack is provided with a hole chamfer, and the hole chamfer is adapted to the plug-in.

[0010] Optionally, the female end housing is provided with a plurality of threaded holes, the male end fixing plate is provided with a plurality of fixing bolts corresponding to the plurality of threaded holes, and the male end fixing plate is connected to the female end housing through the fixing bolts and the threaded holes.

[0011] Optionally, a flexible heating film is provided on the surface of the smart material elastic layer.

[0012] Optionally, a resistance wire is provided inside the smart material elastic layer.

[0013] Optionally, the smart material-based floating electrical connector further comprises a heating component, and the heating component is used to heat the smart material elastic layer.

[0014] Optionally, the smart material elastic layer is an elastic curved structure.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the floating electrical connector based on smart materials of the present invention are: By evenly disposing multiple smart material elastic layers between the outer wall of the jack base and the inner wall of the female end housing, with one end of the smart material elastic layer connected to the outer wall of the jack base and the other end connected to the inner wall of the female end housing, the jack base can be fixed in the female end housing. The smart material elastic layer is then used to adjust the structural stiffness of the smart material elastic layer according to external stimuli. When the docking error is large, the structural stiffness can be changed to adapt to the docking error and adjust the relative position of the jack base and the female end housing, thereby ensuring that the jack and the plug can effectively float and accurately connect during the male and female end docking process, thereby ensuring the reliability and stability of the electrical contact. Moreover, the self-adjustment of the smart material elastic layer can replace the complex elastic elements, locking mechanisms, and contact points in the related art, reducing the number of physical components, reducing the complexity of the structure, and thus reducing the difficulty and cost of production. Because the male end structure only includes a male end fixing plate, a plug housing, and a plug within the plug housing, its structure is simpler, which can further reduce the complexity of the structure, thereby further reducing the difficulty and cost of production. In addition, the male end fixing plate of the male end structure is vertically sleeved on the plug-in shell and connected to the female end shell through the first opening, and then connected to the jack base through the plug-in shell of the male end structure, and one end of the plug-in is connected to the jack, and the other end is used to connect to another electrical device. After simply connecting the two electrical devices, the male and female ends can be easily connected to further ensure the reliability and stability of the electrical contact. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 One of the structural schematic diagrams of the floating electrical connector based on smart materials provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 The second structural diagram of the floating electrical connector based on smart materials provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 The third structural diagram of the floating electrical connector based on smart materials provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 The fourth structural diagram of the floating electrical connector based on smart materials provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 The fifth structural diagram of the floating electrical connector based on smart materials provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 One of the structural schematic diagrams of the female end structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention without the female end housing; Figure 7 The second structural schematic diagram of the female end structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention without the female end housing.

[0017] Description of reference numerals: 1. Female end structure; 11. Female end housing; 12. Jack base; 13. Smart material elastic layer; 14. Threaded hole; 15. Jack; 16. Female end contact; 17. Rubber retaining sheet; 18. Chamfers around all sides; 19. Hole chamfers; 2. Male end structure; 21. Male end fixing plate; 22. Plug-in housing; 23. Fixing bolt; 24. Plug-in. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although certain embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein. Instead, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present invention. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] The term "including" and its variations used in this document are open inclusions, that is, "including but not limited to"; the term "based on" means "based at least in part on"; the term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one other embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments"; the term "optionally" means "optional embodiments". The relevant definitions of other terms will be given in the following description. It should be noted that the concepts of "first", "second", etc. mentioned in the present invention are only used to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order or interdependence of the functions performed by these devices, modules or units.

[0020] It should be noted that the modifications of "one" and "multiple" mentioned in the present invention are illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that unless otherwise clearly indicated in the context, it should be understood as "one or more".

[0021] In the aerospace field, floating electrical connectors are developing towards high performance, high reliability, and compactness. These connectors are unique in their ability to mechanically float and self-align, ensuring connection stability in extreme environments such as vibration, temperature fluctuations, and sudden pressure changes. The biggest challenge in the structural design of floating electrical connectors is how to balance the reliability and stability of electrical contact while effectively resisting the influence of vibration, temperature difference, assembly error and mechanical stress. To cope with these difficulties, the structure must have mechanical floating and self-adjustment functions, so that it can still maintain an effective electrical connection when external forces or environmental changes occur. In harsh environments with high vibration and frequent temperature changes, even extremely minor contact defects can cause system failure or signal loss. The existence of mechanical floating space can effectively compensate for the tiny displacements and tolerance errors generated during the assembly process. To this end, the contact point design usually allows a certain degree of freedom, and flexible materials such as springs and rubber gaskets are used to achieve fine-tuning during the installation process to ensure that the contact points are always in the best electrical contact state. Strong vibration and shock are also challenges that floating electrical connectors must overcome. During the operation of aerospace equipment, severe vibration and shock can easily cause the contact points between the connector plug and socket to loosen or even break. To address this issue, floating electrical connectors generally employ reinforced structural designs, such as elastic contact points and locking devices, to ensure contact stability under high-intensity vibration. Furthermore, the connector's mounting and connection methods also prioritize vibration resistance, with optimized latches, locking mechanisms, and contact point geometry to ensure long-term mechanical shock and vibration resistance. Precisely because of the above requirements, the structural design of floating electrical connectors is extremely sophisticated, involving complex elastic elements, locking mechanisms, and high-precision contact points. This complexity not only increases the difficulty of design, but also significantly increases the difficulty of production. To ensure stability in extreme environments, floating electrical connectors often use high-performance materials such as high-temperature resistant metal alloys and ceramics, and are combined with special surface coatings. The processing and assembly of each component must be extremely precise, especially the contact points and self-adjusting mechanisms. Even slight dimensional deviations will have a significant impact on the performance of the connector. In addition, floating electrical connectors for specific needs are mostly customized products with small production scales, making large-scale mass production difficult. This also makes the production cost of a single connector high.

[0022] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned related technologies, such as Figure 1-3As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a floating electrical connector based on smart materials, comprising a detachably connected female end structure 1 and a male end structure 2, wherein the female end structure 1 and the male end structure 2 are respectively used to connect two electrical devices that need to be docked, and the female end structure 1 comprises a jack base 12 embedded in a female end housing 11 and a plurality of smart material elastic layers 13, wherein the plurality of smart material elastic layers 13 are evenly arranged between the outer wall of the jack base 12 and the inner wall of the female end housing 11, and one end of the smart material elastic layer 13 is connected to the outer wall of the jack base 12, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the female end housing 11, and the smart material elastic layer 13 is used to adjust the structural stiffness of the smart material elastic layer 13 according to external stimulation to adjust the relative position of the jack base 12 and the female end housing 11. The female end shell 11 is provided with a first opening at one end for connecting to the male end structure 2, and a second opening at one end for connecting to the electrical device. The jack base 12 is provided with multiple jacks 15, one end of the jacks 15 faces the first opening, and the other end faces the second opening and is used to connect to the electrical device. The male end structure 2 includes a male end fixing plate 21 and a plug-in shell 22. The male end fixing plate 21 is sleeved on the plug-in shell 22 and adapted to the first opening. The plug-in shell 22 is provided with multiple plug-ins 24 corresponding to the multiple jacks 15. The male end fixing plate 21 is used to connect to the female end shell 11, and the plug-in shell 22 is used to connect to the jack base 12, and one end of the plug-in 24 is used to connect to the jack 15, and the other end is used to connect to another electrical device.

[0023] Specifically, the floating electrical connector includes a removably connected female structure 1 and male structure 2. The female structure 1 and male structure 2 can be bolted together after docking. The female structure 1 and male structure 2 are respectively used to connect two electrical devices to be docked. That is, one end of the female structure 1 is connected to the electrical device, and the other end is connected to one end of the male structure 2, and the other end of the male structure 2 is connected to another electrical device. The female structure 1 includes a jack base 12 embedded in a female housing 11 and a plurality of smart material elastic layers 13. The smart material elastic layers are made of a shape memory polymer composite material. For example, the resin of the shape memory polymer composite material is an epoxy-based shape memory polymer and a cyanate-based shape memory polymer. The reinforcement in the composite material includes materials such as carbon fiber, nanoparticles, carbon nanotube-grafted carbon fiber, and chopped fibers. A plurality of smart material elastic layers 13 are evenly arranged between the outer wall of the jack base 12 and the inner wall of the female end housing 11, and one end of the smart material elastic layer 13 is connected to the outer wall of the jack base 12, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the female end housing 11. The number of smart material elastic layers 13 is determined according to the number of outer walls of the jack base 12, for example, Figure 6As shown, the jack base 12 includes four outer walls, and the number of smart material elastic layers 13 is also four, and the size of the smart material elastic layers 13 is determined by the outer walls of the jack base 12. The smart material elastic layers 13 are used to adjust the structural stiffness of the smart material elastic layers 13 in response to external stimuli to adjust the relative position of the jack base 12 and the female end housing 11. Under the stimulation of the external stimulus, the temperature of the smart material elastic layers 13 is heated to above the glass transition temperature. At this time, the structural stiffness of the smart material elastic layers 13 is reduced, allowing the male and female ends to mate with a larger mating tolerance. After the mating is completed, the temperature is lowered to the glass transition temperature. At this time, the structural stiffness is increased, and the smart material elastic layers 13 can maintain this temporary configuration and independently withstand external loads to ensure the reliability and stability of the electrical contact. The female end shell 11 is provided with a first opening at one end facing the male end structure 2, and a second opening at one end facing the electrical equipment. The jack base 12 is provided with a plurality of jacks 15, and the plurality of jacks 15 can be arranged according to actual conditions, such as symmetrical arrangement, regular arrangement or irregular arrangement. One end of the jack 15 faces the first opening, and the other end faces the second opening and is used to connect with the electrical equipment. The male end structure 2 includes a male end fixing plate 21 and a plug-in shell 22. The male end fixing plate 21 is vertically sleeved on the plug-in shell 22 and is connected to the plug-in shell 22, and is adapted to the first opening, thereby realizing male-female docking. A plurality of plug-ins 24 corresponding to the plurality of jacks 15 are provided in the plug-in shell 22. The male end fixing plate 21 is connected to the female end shell 11, and the plug-in shell 22 is connected to the jack base 12. One end of the plug-in 24 is connected to the jack 15, and the other end is used to connect with another electrical equipment. For example, after adjusting the structural stiffness of the smart material elastic layer 13 according to external stimulation to adjust the relative position of the jack base 12 and the female end shell 11 and docking them, the female end structure 1 and the male end structure 2 can be disassembled according to actual needs, and the smart material elastic layer 13 can be heated to restore it to its original shape by utilizing the shape memory effect of the shape memory polymer composite material of the smart material elastic layer 13, so as to achieve reusability.

[0024] In this embodiment, a plurality of smart material elastic layers 13 are evenly arranged between the outer wall of the jack base 12 and the inner wall of the female end housing 11, and one end of the smart material elastic layer 13 is connected to the outer wall of the jack base 12, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the female end housing 11, so that the jack base 12 can be fixed in the female end housing 11, and the smart material elastic layer 13 is used to adjust the structural stiffness of the smart material elastic layer 13 according to external stimulation. When the docking error is large, the structural stiffness can be changed to adapt to the large docking error, and the relative position of the jack base 12 and the female end housing 11 can be adjusted to ensure that the jack 15 The plug-in 24 can effectively float and accurately connect during the male-female docking process, thereby ensuring the reliability and stability of the electrical contact. Moreover, through the self-adjustment of the smart material elastic layer 13, the complex elastic elements, locking mechanisms, contact points and other structures in the relevant technology can be replaced, reducing the number of physical components and the complexity of the structure, thereby reducing the production difficulty and cost. Since the male end structure 2 only includes the male end fixing plate 21, the plug-in shell 22 and the plug-in shell 22, its structure is simpler, which can further reduce the complexity of the structure, thereby further reducing the production difficulty and cost. In addition, the male end fixing plate 21 of the male end structure 2 is vertically sleeved on the plug-in shell 22, and is connected to the female end shell 11 through the first opening, and then connected to the jack base 12 through the plug-in shell 22 of the male end structure 2, and one end of the plug-in 24 is connected to the jack 15, and the other end is used to connect to another electrical device. After simply connecting the two electrical devices, the male end and the female end can be easily docked to further ensure the reliability and stability of the electrical contact. At the same time, under the influence of external factors such as assembly errors, mechanical vibrations or temperature changes, the contact points are automatically adjusted to ensure accurate contact and ensure the stability of the contact pressure.

[0025] Alternatively, as Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the female end structure 1 also includes a plurality of female end contacts 16 corresponding to the plurality of the jacks 15 , one end of the female end contact 16 is connected to the end of the jack 15 away from the plug 24 , and the other end is used to connect to the electrical device.

[0026] Specifically, the female end structure 1 also includes multiple female end contacts 16 corresponding to the multiple jacks 15, one end of the female end contact 16 is connected to the end of the jack 15 away from the plug-in 24, and the other end is used to connect to the electrical equipment, thereby extending the connection distance between the female end structure 1 and the electrical equipment.

[0027] Alternatively, as Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the female end structure 1 further includes a rubber retaining piece 17 , which is provided at the connection between the female end contact 16 and the jack 15 .

[0028] Specifically, the female end structure 1 also includes a rubber retaining sheet 17, which is arranged at the connection between the female end contact 16 and the socket 15 and is used to seal the second opening. The rubber retaining sheet 17 utilizes its unique physical properties, namely high elasticity, flexibility, and excellent shock absorption and buffering capabilities. While maintaining the relative sealing of the female end structure 1, it can allow the female end contact 16 to produce corresponding displacement when the socket base 12 floats without generating excessive internal stress, thereby ensuring the reliability and stability of electrical contact.

[0029] Alternatively, as Figure 7 As shown, the edge of one side of the jack base 12 facing the plug-in shell 22 is provided with a chamfer 18 around it, and the plug-in shell 22 is provided with a third opening at one end facing the jack base 12, and the chamfer 18 around it is adapted to the third opening.

[0030] Specifically, a side edge of the jack base 12 facing the plug-in shell 22 is provided with a surrounding chamfer 18 so that the outer diameter of the side edge of the plug-in shell 22 gradually increases in the direction away from the jack base 12. A third opening is opened at one end of the plug-in shell 22 facing the jack base 12. The surrounding chamfer 18 is adapted to the side wall of the third opening so that there is a certain docking error range when the plug-in shell 22 is docked with the jack base 12. Therefore, even if a small amount of misalignment occurs during docking, as long as the misalignment is within the docking error range, the plug-in shell 22 can slide along the surrounding chamfer 18 toward the inside of the jack base 12, thereby achieving smooth docking.

[0031] Alternatively, as Figure 7 As shown, the inner wall of the insertion hole 15 is provided with a hole chamfer 19 , and the hole chamfer 19 is adapted to the plug-in 24 .

[0032] Specifically, the inner wall of the socket 15 is provided with a hole chamfer 19 so that the inner diameter of the inner wall of the socket 15 gradually decreases in the direction away from the plug-in 24. The hole chamfer 19 is adapted to the plug-in 24 so that there is a certain docking error range when the plug-in 24 is docked with the hole chamfer 19. Therefore, even if a small amount of misalignment occurs during docking, as long as the misalignment is within the docking error range, the plug-in 24 can slide along the hole chamfer 19 into the inside of the socket 15, thereby achieving smooth docking.

[0033] Alternatively, as Figure 5 As shown, the female end housing 11 is provided with a plurality of threaded holes 14 , and the male end fixing plate 21 is provided with a plurality of fixing bolts 23 corresponding to the plurality of threaded holes 14 . The male end fixing plate 21 is connected to the female end housing 11 through the fixing bolts 23 and the threaded holes 14 .

[0034] Specifically, a plurality of threaded holes 14 are provided on the female end housing 11. The number and position of the threaded holes 14 can be determined according to actual needs. For example, Figure 5 As shown, four threaded holes 14 are provided at the four corners of the female end housing 11, and a plurality of fixing bolts 23 corresponding to the plurality of threaded holes 14 are provided on the male end fixing plate 21. After docking, the male end fixing plate 21 is connected to the female end housing 11 through the fixing bolts 23 and the threaded holes 14 to achieve detachable connection and fixation.

[0035] Optionally, a flexible heating film is provided on the surface of the smart material elastic layer 13 .

[0036] Specifically, a flexible heating film is provided on the surface of the smart material elastic layer 13. When the male end and the female end are docked, the flexible heating film can be energized to heat the smart material elastic layer 13 as needed.

[0037] Optionally, a resistance wire is provided inside the smart material elastic layer 13 .

[0038] Specifically, a resistance wire is used as a material and is added during the process of manufacturing the smart material elastic layer 13 . When needed, the resistance wire can be energized to achieve heating of the smart material elastic layer 13 as needed.

[0039] Optionally, the smart material-based floating electrical connector further includes a heating component, and the heating component is used to heat the smart material elastic layer 13 .

[0040] Specifically, the floating electrical connector based on smart materials also includes a heating component, which is used to indirectly heat the smart material elastic layer 13 through thermal radiation to achieve heating of the smart material elastic layer 13 as needed. The heating component may include a heating film component, a laser component, and a heat conduction component.

[0041] Optionally, the smart material elastic layer 13 is an elastic curved structure.

[0042] Specifically, the smart material elastic layer 13 is an elastic curved structure, for example, "S" type, "N" type, "M" type and "W" type, so that the smart material elastic layer 13 has a certain elasticity, and adjusts the relative position of the jack base 12 and the female end shell 11 when dealing with smaller docking errors.

[0043] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating electrical connector based on smart materials, characterized in that: The invention comprises a detachably connected female end structure (1) and a male end structure (2), wherein the female end structure (1) and the male end structure (2) are respectively used to connect two electrical devices that need to be docked, the female end structure (1) comprises a jack base (12) embedded in a female end shell (11) and a plurality of smart material elastic layers (13), the plurality of smart material elastic layers (13) are evenly arranged between the outer wall of the jack base (12) and the inner wall of the female end shell (11), and one end of the smart material elastic layer (13) is connected to the outer wall of the jack base (12), and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the female end shell (11), the smart material elastic layer (13) is used to adjust the structural stiffness of the smart material elastic layer (13) according to external stimulation, so as to adjust the relative position of the jack base (12) and the female end shell (11), and the female end shell (11) is used to connect the male end shell (11). One end of the end structure (2) is provided with a first opening, and one end for connecting to the electrical device is provided with a second opening. The jack base (12) is provided with a plurality of jacks (15), one end of the jacks (15) faces the first opening, and the other end faces the second opening and is used to connect to the electrical device. The male end structure (2) comprises a male end fixing plate (21) and a plug-in shell (22). The male end fixing plate (21) is sleeved on the plug-in shell (22) and is adapted to the first opening. A plurality of plug-ins (24) corresponding to the plurality of jacks (15) are provided in the plug-in shell (22). The male end fixing plate (21) is used to connect to the female end shell (11), and the plug-in shell (22) is used to connect to the jack base (12). One end of the plug-in (24) is used to connect to the jack (15), and the other end is used to connect to another electrical device.

2. The floating electrical connector based on smart materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The female end structure (1) further comprises a plurality of female end contacts (16) corresponding to the plurality of jacks (15), one end of the female end contact (16) being connected to an end of the jack (15) away from the plug (24), and the other end being used for connecting to the electrical device.

3. The floating electrical connector based on smart materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The female end structure (1) further comprises a rubber retaining sheet (17), wherein the rubber retaining sheet (17) is provided at the connection between the female end contact piece (16) and the jack (15).

4. The floating electrical connector based on smart materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The jack base (12) is provided with a chamfer (18) on one side edge facing the plug-in shell (22), and the plug-in shell (22) is provided with a third opening on one end facing the jack base (12), and the chamfer (18) is adapted to the third opening.

5. The floating electrical connector based on smart materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the insertion hole (15) is provided with a hole chamfer (19), and the hole chamfer (19) is adapted to the plug-in unit (24).

6. The floating electrical connector based on smart materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The female end housing (11) is provided with a plurality of threaded holes (14), the male end fixing plate (21) is provided with a plurality of fixing bolts (23) corresponding to the plurality of threaded holes (14), and the male end fixing plate (21) is connected to the female end housing (11) via the fixing bolts (23) and the threaded holes (14).

7. The floating electrical connector based on smart materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flexible heating film is provided on the surface of the smart material elastic layer (13).

8. The floating electrical connector based on smart materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A resistance wire is provided inside the smart material elastic layer (13).

9. The floating electrical connector based on smart materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a heating component, which is used to heat the smart material elastic layer (13).

10. The floating electrical connector based on smart materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smart material elastic layer (13) is an elastic curved structure.

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