A rice huller cylinder system and its control method

Abstract

This invention discloses a cylinder system and control method for a rice huller, relating to the field of cylinder control system technology. The cylinder system includes: a data collection module: monitoring and acquiring data on the working diameter changes of the rubber rollers, the rotation center distance between the rotation center points of the two rubber rollers, piston position data, and air pressure data located on both sides of the piston for driving piston movement; obtaining trial operation data based on the trial operation of the rice huller; and a piston control module: internally equipped with a data processing unit, an execution unit, and a micro-retraction protection unit. This invention establishes an optimal pressure range through trial operation data, calculates the pressure trend during piston displacement in real time using a predictive force expression, and dynamically adjusts the air pressure on both sides of the piston using a pressure stabilization mode and an adjustment mode, ensuring that the gap between the rubber rollers remains stable within the optimal spacing range, while the force applied by the piston to the rice is within the optimal pressure range, thus solving the problem of unstable hulling caused by dynamic fluctuations in the rubber roller diameter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cylinder control system technology, specifically to a rice huller cylinder system and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] Rice hullers mainly rely on mechanical or simple pneumatic methods to control the gap and pressure of a pair of rubber rollers to squeeze and tear the rice, thereby removing the husks.

[0003] For example, patent publication number "CN120083737A", entitled "Automatic Cylinder Clamping System and Method", describes a system comprising: a map generation module for generating a three-dimensional clamping force distribution map; a risk prediction module for synchronously predicting deformation offset risk values ​​during clamping; a model calculation module for generating dynamic attenuation coefficients; and a cylinder adjustment module for dynamically adjusting the opening degree of the multi-stage buffer valve and the servo boosting rate of the automated cylinder group through an adaptive control strategy until the clamping force error stabilizes within a preset threshold. This patent solves the technical problems of unstable clamping force and low workpiece clamping accuracy caused by environmental interference and system errors during automated cylinder clamping, achieving the technical effects of improving clamping force stability, reducing deformation risk, and enhancing clamping accuracy through dynamic compensation and adaptive adjustment.

[0004] When the aforementioned patent applies force to an object, under continuous working conditions, not only is there deformation, but also the problem of clamp wear. The wear of the clamp will cause the movement of the contact surface between the clamp and the workpiece to deviate from the ideal position when clamping the workpiece, resulting in instability in clamping the workpiece. Similarly, the rubber roller will wear continuously due to friction (leading to a decrease in diameter), and at the same time, it will undergo thermal expansion due to high-speed rotation (leading to an increase in diameter). These two effects are opposite in direction but coexist and change dynamically, making it difficult to keep the actual working gap (i.e., the hulling gap) between the rubber rollers constant. The reduction in the working gap will also affect the force applied by the rubber roller to the rice, affecting the use of the rice huller. To address this, a rice huller cylinder system and its control method have been invented. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rice huller cylinder system and its control method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a rice huller cylinder system, the cylinder system comprising:

[0007] Data collection module: Monitors and acquires data on the working diameter change of the rubber roller, the rotation center distance between the rotation center points of the two rubber rollers, piston position data, and air pressure data located on both sides of the piston and used to push the piston to move. Based on the trial operation of the rice huller, it obtains trial operation data.

[0008] Piston control module: Internally equipped with a data processing unit, an execution unit, and a micro-retraction protection unit;

[0009] Data processing unit: Processes trial operation data through data analysis to obtain the optimal spacing range and optimal pressure range for achieving a balance between dehulling rate and broken rice rate, and obtains the gap data between the two rubber rollers during the dehulling process;

[0010] Obtain the data of the air pressure action surface on both sides of the piston, and establish the expression of the force on the piston based on the air pressure action surface data and the air pressure data on both sides of the piston;

[0011] Establish a predictive force expression with piston displacement as the input variable;

[0012] Based on the predicted force expression and the actual force expression, a set of positioning expressions for adjusting air pressure is established;

[0013] Execution unit: Equipped with voltage regulation mode and adjustment mode;

[0014] Pressure stabilization mode: Based on the diameter change data of the rubber roller and the rotation center distance, the piston displacement and the gap data between the outer walls of the two rubber rollers are calculated. The air pressure data is input into the force expression to obtain the force. It is determined whether the force is within the optimal pressure range. If it is within the optimal pressure range, no operation is required. If it is not within the optimal pressure range, the adjustment mode is triggered.

[0015] Adjustment mode: Adjusts the air pressure on both sides of the piston and controls the piston movement through a set of positioning expressions;

[0016] Micro-retraction protection unit: Based on the threshold algorithm and combined with the optimal pressure range and the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston, the applied pressure threshold and the allowable air pressure threshold are calculated respectively. When the applied force obtained from the force expression exceeds the applied pressure threshold or the air pressure inside the cylinder is greater than the allowable air pressure threshold, the micro-retraction protection unit is activated.

[0017] Furthermore, the expression for the force acting on the piston includes:

[0018] ;

[0019] in, This indicates the initial air pressure on one side of the piston. This indicates the second initial air pressure on the other side of the piston. yes The area of ​​action of the piston on the side where it is located. yes The area of ​​action of the piston on the side where it is located. The structure that connects to the piston and the force exerted on the piston by the piston body, The force acting on the piston;

[0020] The Including the friction between the piston and the cylinder wall Establish the forces acting on the piston and The second association, the second association includes The Represents friction force and The correlation equation between them.

[0021] Furthermore, the expression for the predicted force includes:

[0022] ;

[0023] in This is the piston displacement. This refers to the first predicted air pressure on one side of the piston after the predicted piston movement. This is the first initial position of the piston relative to the air pressure on one side. This represents the piston's relative position after the predicted movement. The second predicted pressure on the other side of the piston after the piston's predicted movement. The position of the piston relative to the air pressure on the other side. This refers to the position of the piston relative to the air pressure on the other side after the piston moves. The structure that connects to the piston after the piston displacement is input, and the force exerted on the piston by the piston body, wherein... , , This is a gas behavior index.

[0024] Furthermore, the set of positioning expressions includes;

[0025] Create expression one ;

[0026] Expression 2 ;

[0027] Subtracting expression 1 from expression 2 yields expression number 3. ;

[0028] in , For the first frictional force in Expression 1, This refers to the second frictional force in expression two. and The specific value is obtained by using the second association and combining it with expressions one and two. This represents the initial atmospheric pressure value after the movement. The initial pressure of air at air level 2 is the pressure value of air level 2 after the movement, based on... Establish and The adjustment between them uses the third association.

[0029] Furthermore, establish the optimal pressure range value. and , , This indicates the forces acting on both sides of the piston during operation.

[0030] The threshold algorithm includes:

[0031] Obtain the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston, establish a safety factor σ, with σ ranging from 0.9 to 0.8, and multiply σ by the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston to obtain the allowable air pressure threshold.

[0032] Obtain the maximum value N of the optimal pressure range, and use N as the applied pressure threshold.

[0033] Furthermore, the trial operation data includes fluctuation data during piston operation, changes in air pressure on both sides of the piston during piston movement, piston position data, hulling rate, and broken rice rate. A one-to-one correspondence is established between the changes in air pressure on both sides of the piston, piston position data, hulling rate, and broken rice rate based on the time axis.

[0034] Furthermore, the micro-retreat protection unit includes a pressure relief mode and a retreat mode;

[0035] The pressure relief mode includes a set of positioning expressions used to achieve a fixed piston position but reduced air pressure. The set of positioning expressions includes:

[0036] in accordance with ;

[0037] ;

[0038] get ;

[0039] Combined with the optimal pressure range and To impose restrictions, based on and Obtain the pressure relief on both sides of the piston. This is the amount of modification to the initial air pressure of Unit 1. This is the amount of modification to the initial air pressure of No. 2;

[0040] The fallback mode includes:

[0041] Based on the set of positioning expressions , , To adjust the piston displacement value so that the gap between the outer walls of the rubber roller is within the optimal spacing range, and As output quantities respectively and The air pressure value was modified, and the optimal pressure range was considered. and The operation of setting restrictions, adjusting modes, and rolling back is the same.

[0042] A method for controlling a rice huller cylinder, employing the aforementioned rice huller cylinder system, characterized in that the control method includes:

[0043] Monitor and acquire data on the working diameter change of the rubber roller, the center distance between the rotation centers of the two rubber rollers, the piston position data, and the air pressure data located on both sides of the piston and used to push the piston to move. Based on the trial operation of the rice huller, obtain trial operation data.

[0044] By processing the trial run data through data analysis, the optimal spacing range and optimal pressure range for achieving a balance between dehulling rate and broken rice rate were obtained, and the gap data between the two rubber rollers during the dehulling process was acquired.

[0045] Obtain the data of the air pressure action surface on both sides of the piston, and establish the expression of the force on the piston based on the air pressure action surface data and the air pressure data on both sides of the piston;

[0046] Establish a predictive force expression with piston displacement as the input variable;

[0047] Based on the predicted force expression and the actual force expression, a set of positioning expressions is established for adjusting air pressure while keeping the piston position unchanged;

[0048] Since the predicted force is not within the optimal pressure range, the air pressure on both sides of the piston is adjusted by the cylinder. After adjustment, the predicted force calculated based on the predicted force expression meets the optimal pressure range.

[0049] The applied pressure threshold and the allowable air pressure threshold are calculated based on the threshold algorithm and the optimal pressure range and the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston. When the applied force obtained in the force expression exceeds the applied pressure threshold or the air pressure inside the cylinder is greater than the allowable air pressure threshold, the micro-retraction protection method is activated.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0051] The rice huller cylinder system and its control method solve the problem of nonlinear diameter changes in the rubber roller caused by wear and thermal expansion through dynamic air pressure prediction and feedback control. The system establishes the optimal pressure range (M, N) based on trial operation data and utilizes the predictive force expression. The pressure trend during piston displacement is calculated in real time, and the air pressure on both sides of the piston is dynamically adjusted by combining the pressure stabilization mode and the adjustment mode, so that the gap between the rubber rollers is always stable within the optimal spacing range, and the force applied by the piston to the rice is within the optimal pressure range, thus solving the problem of unstable hulling caused by dynamic fluctuations in the diameter of the rubber rollers.

[0052] The system uses a threshold algorithm to predict overload risks and monitors the air pressure on both sides of the piston in real time, ensuring that the air pressure on both sides of the piston is within the allowable air pressure threshold to protect the cylinder structure. When any threshold is exceeded, the system automatically triggers a pressure relief mode (fixing the piston position and reducing pressure) or a retraction mode (controlling the piston displacement and reducing pressure) to avoid deformation or breakage caused by excessive squeezing of the rubber roller and to ensure the service life of the rubber roller.

[0053] A set of positioning expressions is established based on the comparison between predicted and actual forces. In the pressure stabilization mode, the displacement is obtained based on the diameter change data. The predicted force is obtained by inputting the predicted expression. If the predicted value deviates from the optimal range, the system automatically triggers the adjustment mode to make millisecond-level precise adjustments to the air pressure on both sides, so as to keep the gap between the rubber rollers within the optimal spacing range. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the adjustment of the piston position and the air pressure on both sides of the piston according to the present invention.

[0055] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the location expression set of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] like Figure 1 - Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a rice huller cylinder system, the cylinder system comprising:

[0059] Data collection module: Monitors and acquires data on the working diameter change of the rubber roller, the rotation center distance between the rotation center points of the two rubber rollers, piston position data, and air pressure data located on both sides of the piston and used to push the piston to move. Based on the trial operation of the rice huller, it obtains trial operation data.

[0060] Piston control module: Internally equipped with a data processing unit, an execution unit, and a micro-retraction protection unit;

[0061] Data processing unit: Processes trial operation data through data analysis to obtain the optimal spacing range and optimal pressure range for achieving a balance between dehulling rate and broken rice rate, and obtains the gap data between the two rubber rollers during the dehulling process;

[0062] Obtain the data of the air pressure action surface on both sides of the piston, and establish the expression of the force on the piston based on the air pressure action surface data and the air pressure data on both sides of the piston;

[0063] Establish a predictive force expression with piston displacement as the input variable;

[0064] Based on the predicted force expression and the actual force expression, a set of positioning expressions for adjusting air pressure is established;

[0065] Execution unit: Equipped with voltage regulation mode and adjustment mode;

[0066] Pressure stabilization mode: Based on the diameter change data of the rubber roller and the rotation center distance, the piston displacement and the gap data between the outer walls of the two rubber rollers are calculated. The air pressure data is input into the force expression to obtain the force. It is determined whether the force is within the optimal pressure range. If it is within the optimal pressure range, no operation is required. If it is not within the optimal pressure range, the adjustment mode is triggered.

[0067] Adjustment mode: Adjusts the air pressure on both sides of the piston and controls the piston movement through a set of positioning expressions;

[0068] Micro-retraction protection unit: Based on the threshold algorithm and combined with the optimal pressure range and the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston, the applied pressure threshold and the allowable air pressure threshold are calculated respectively. When the applied force obtained from the force expression exceeds the applied pressure threshold or the air pressure inside the cylinder is greater than the allowable air pressure threshold, the micro-retraction protection unit is activated.

[0069] The expressions for the forces acting on the piston include:

[0070] ;

[0071] in, This indicates the initial air pressure on one side of the piston. This indicates the second initial air pressure on the other side of the piston. yes The area of ​​action of the piston on the side where it is located. yes The area of ​​action of the piston on the side where it is located. The structure that connects to the piston and the force exerted on the piston by the piston body, The force acting on the piston;

[0072] Including the friction between the piston and the cylinder wall Establish the forces acting on the piston and The second association, the second association includes , Represents friction force and The correlation equation between them.

[0073] The expressions for predicting force include:

[0074] ;

[0075] in This is the piston displacement. This refers to the first predicted air pressure on one side of the piston after the predicted piston movement. This is the first initial position of the piston relative to the air pressure on one side. This represents the piston's relative position after the predicted movement. The second predicted pressure on the other side of the piston after the piston's predicted movement. The position of the piston relative to the air pressure on the other side. This refers to the position of the piston relative to the air pressure on the other side after the piston moves. The structure that connects to the piston after the piston displacement is input, and the force exerted on the piston by the piston body, wherein... , , This is a gas behavior index.

[0076] The set of positioning expressions includes;

[0077] Create expression one ;

[0078] Expression 2 ;

[0079] Subtracting expression 1 from expression 2 yields expression number 3. ;

[0080] in , For the first frictional force in Expression 1, This refers to the second frictional force in expression two. and The specific value is obtained by using the second association and combining it with expressions one and two. This represents the initial atmospheric pressure value after the movement. The initial pressure of air at air level 2 is the pressure value of air level 2 after the movement, based on... Establish and The adjustment between them uses the third association.

[0081] Establish the optimal pressure range value and , , This indicates the forces acting on both sides of the piston during operation.

[0082] Thresholding algorithms include:

[0083] Obtain the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston, establish a safety factor σ, with σ ranging from 0.9 to 0.8, and multiply σ by the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston to obtain the allowable air pressure threshold.

[0084] Obtain the maximum value N of the optimal pressure range, and use N as the applied pressure threshold.

[0085] The trial operation data includes fluctuation data during piston operation, changes in air pressure on both sides of the piston during piston movement, piston position data, dehulling rate, and broken rice rate. A one-to-one correspondence is established between the changes in air pressure on both sides of the piston, piston position data, dehulling rate, and broken rice rate based on the time axis.

[0086] The micro-retreat protection unit includes a pressure relief mode and a retraction mode;

[0087] The pressure relief mode includes a set of positioning expressions used to achieve a fixed piston position but reduced gas pressure. The set of positioning expressions includes:

[0088] in accordance with ;

[0089] ;

[0090] get ;

[0091] Combined with the optimal pressure range and Restrictions shall be imposed based on and Obtain the pressure relief on both sides of the piston. This is the amount of modification to the initial air pressure of Unit 1. This is the amount of modification to the initial air pressure of No. 2;

[0092] Rollback modes include:

[0093] Based on the set of positioning expressions , , To adjust the piston displacement value so that the gap between the outer walls of the rubber roller is within the optimal spacing range, and As output quantities respectively and The air pressure value was modified, and the optimal pressure range was considered. and The operation of setting restrictions, adjusting modes, and rolling back is the same.

[0094] A method for controlling a rice huller cylinder, employing the aforementioned rice huller cylinder system, characterized in that the control method includes:

[0095] Monitor and acquire data on the working diameter change of the rubber roller, the center distance between the rotation centers of the two rubber rollers, the piston position data, and the air pressure data located on both sides of the piston and used to push the piston to move. Based on the trial operation of the rice huller, obtain trial operation data.

[0096] By processing the trial run data through data analysis, the optimal spacing range and optimal pressure range for achieving a balance between dehulling rate and broken rice rate were obtained, and the gap data between the two rubber rollers during the dehulling process was acquired.

[0097] Obtain the data of the air pressure action surface on both sides of the piston, and establish the expression of the force on the piston based on the air pressure action surface data and the air pressure data on both sides of the piston;

[0098] Establish a predictive force expression with piston displacement as the input variable;

[0099] Based on the predicted force expression and the actual force expression, a set of positioning expressions is established for adjusting air pressure while keeping the piston position unchanged;

[0100] Since the predicted force is not within the optimal pressure range, the air pressure on both sides of the piston is adjusted by the cylinder. After adjustment, the predicted force calculated based on the predicted force expression meets the optimal pressure range.

[0101] The applied pressure threshold and the allowable air pressure threshold are calculated based on the threshold algorithm and the optimal pressure range and the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston. When the applied force obtained in the force expression exceeds the applied pressure threshold or the air pressure inside the cylinder is greater than the allowable air pressure threshold, the micro-retraction protection method is activated.

[0102] The cylinder system of the rice huller adopts a constant pressure system. Therefore, when adjusting the piston pressure, the pressure on both sides of the piston is kept stable. The constant pressure system is a device that maintains constant internal pressure through a closed-loop feedback control mechanism. Its core feature is pressure stability. By continuously adjusting the flow rate or energy input, it offsets the influence of external load changes and ensures that the output pressure is always close to the set value. It regulates and maintains constant pressure in the cylinder through pressure reducing valves, pressure gauges, and automatic control devices (such as PLCs) to ensure the stability and efficiency of the shelling process. PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) is a digital computing and operating electronic system designed for industrial environments. It executes instructions such as logic operations, sequential control, timing, counting, and arithmetic operations through programmable memory to realize the automated control of machinery or production processes. The rice huller includes a cylinder device with a cylinder inside. A piston is slidably connected inside the cylinder to move the rubber rollers and thus control the distance between the two rubber rollers. Air control components are set on both sides of the cylinder to control the air pressure on both sides of the piston to move the piston.

[0103] The micro-retraction protection method utilizes the pressure relief and retraction modes within the micro-retraction protection unit to protect the cylinder and rubber rollers. A connecting structure is installed between the piston and the rubber rollers, enabling synchronous movement between them. The rice huller features both fixed and movable rubber rollers; the movable roller is connected to the connecting structure. The gap between the two rollers is adjusted by the piston's movement. During the hulling process, the diameter of the rubber rollers changes due to wear and thermal expansion. Continuous friction between the two rollers and the rice husks causes gradual wear of the roller surface material, resulting in a continuous decrease in diameter. Simultaneously, the high-speed rotation and friction of the two rollers generate significant heat, causing the roller material to expand and increase in diameter. These two diameter changes are coupled, resulting in the actual working diameter of the rubber rollers becoming... A non-linear and unpredictable variable continuously collects data on the working diameter variation of the rubber rollers on the data collection module. The gap data includes the distance between the outer walls of the two rubber rollers and the distance between the rotation center points of the two rubber rollers. The gap data between the outer walls of the two rubber rollers can be obtained by using the distance data between the rotation center points of the two rubber rollers and the working diameter variation data. Similarly, excessive elasticity will cause the rubber roller to produce large elastic deformation, increase the generated heat, and reduce other mechanical properties of the rubber. Insufficient elasticity may lead to more broken rice and affect the dehulling efficiency. Therefore, the surface of the rubber roller is also elastic, which will cause the diameter of the rubber roller to change under working conditions. The distance data between the rotation center points of the two rubber rollers and the working diameter variation data can be used to calculate the gap data between the outer walls of the two rubber rollers.

[0104] It is the force exerted on the piston by the rubber roller, the connecting structure, and the piston on the piston. This force includes forces such as gravity and friction acting on the piston. The data can be obtained through analysis and calculation during the trial operation. The trial operation data is obtained by processing the rice hulling and broken rice rate under different intervals and specific values ​​of S, thereby clarifying the appropriate range of S values ​​and the appropriate interval range, and then analyzing the trial operation data. The values ​​are not constant. Based on the data from the trial run, the static and dynamic friction forces of the piston can be obtained. Based on the piston position data, it can be determined whether the piston has moved, and adjustments can be made based on the movement of the piston. The values ​​of static and dynamic friction are determined by the direction of piston movement and the connection position. Positive and negative, The sign of the friction force also changes with the direction of piston movement, because The specific values ​​will change as the piston moves, but this is merely a switching between static and dynamic friction. The weight of the piston and its connected structures must also be considered. For ease of calculation, the influence of the piston's and its connected structures' weight on the piston will be reduced. In addition to This refers to the force exerted on the piston by the rubber roller and connecting structure, which can be obtained by analyzing data during trial operation. In addition to The force exerted on the piston by the rubber rollers and connecting structure is constant. Furthermore, in the design of the rice huller, the moving rubber rollers require a motor to rotate. Therefore, the design ensures that the direction of movement of the rubber rollers is perpendicular to the direction of their gravity. This eliminates the influence of the gravity of the rubber rollers and connecting structure on the piston, thus ensuring that the force expression on the piston is consistent. Will always equal This facilitates subsequent calculations. Data analysis uses mathematical methods to analyze large amounts of data in order to obtain the optimal spacing range and optimal pressure range for achieving a balance between hulling rate and broken rice rate. Data analysis has existing technologies, and the data on the gas pressure action surface includes the area of ​​gas action and the volume of gas.

[0105] In this application, dehulling refers to removing the outer husk of rice grains. Based on the data of the working diameter variation of the rubber rollers and the gap data between the two rubber rollers, the distance between the working outer walls of the two rubber rollers can be obtained. Based on the variation of the actual working diameter of the rubber rollers, the distance between the outer walls of the two rubber rollers will also change during operation. If the gap between the two rubber rollers is too large, the grains will not be effectively squeezed and torn, reducing the dehulling efficiency. If the gap is too small, the grains may get stuck or damaged, affecting the stability of equipment operation. The change of the rubber roller gap is determined by the movement control of the piston.

[0106] During the rice feeding process, a higher feeding speed results in a greater squeezing effect on the rubber rollers, which is then transmitted to the piston, causing it to tend to move or even move. This piston movement leads to changes in air pressure on both sides of the piston, causing the gas inside the cylinder to exert a force through the piston, connecting structure, and rubber rollers. This force assists in dehulling the rice. In the initial state, at this time... When the pressure is zero, the piston moves, and the change in air pressure creates a reaction force on the rice.

[0107] In the actual hulling process, the rice grains exert a force on the rubber rollers. This force causes the rollers and pistons to move away from the rice grains. The movement of the pistons changes the air pressure inside the cylinder, and this air pressure exerts a force on the pistons, establishing... middle, As an input, ΔL is zero when the rice huller is not in operation. During operation, i.e., when hulling, the rice exerts a force on the rubber rollers, causing the piston to move. The amount of piston movement is then input to... Thus obtain , To maintain a stable compressive force on the rice grains, the cylinder system is designed to apply pressure to the rice grains. During the hulling process, the movable rubber rollers generate a reaction force through slight displacement when subjected to the reaction force of the rice grains. This causes the piston to move, which in turn changes the air pressure on both sides of the piston, thereby applying pressure to the rice grains.

[0108] Simultaneously, the distance between the outer walls of the two rubber rollers changes during operation. Wear and heat during processing cause variations in the distance between the two rollers. By obtaining data on these changes, the piston position is adjusted to maintain the distance between the two rollers within the optimal range, while simultaneously maintaining the optimal pressure range. A piston movement amount is established to restore the initial distance between the two rollers. This piston movement amount is input into the predicted force expression to obtain the predicted force. The piston movement is achieved by adjusting the air pressure on both sides of the piston, ensuring that the incoming air pressure meets the predicted force. This is then combined with a constant pressure expression to establish... Equal to the predicted force, thus calculated to obtain and The correlation, based on and The relationship between them is used to adjust the air pressure by combining the principle of proximity.

[0109] During hulling, the rice grains cause the piston to move 0.1 mm, simultaneously achieving the hulling process. This 0.1 mm movement generates pressure on the piston, thus... Considered to be 0.1 mm, obtained , equal , This represents the actual force acting on the piston, such that M ≤ ≤N, the optimal pressure range is established using M and N, that is, under the current air pressure on both sides of the piston, when M≤ If the value is ≤N, it indicates that the pressure is within the optimal range.

[0110] The maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston is the allowable air pressure for the structure. If the air pressure on both sides of the piston exceeds the allowable air pressure, it will damage the piston and its structure, affecting their use. The piston moves inside the cylinder, so an allowable air pressure threshold needs to be set for the air pressure inside the cylinder. The maximum allowable air pressure inside the cylinder is obtained through the setting parameters of the cylinder device, and a safety factor σ is established. The value of σ ranges from 0.9 to 0.8. σ is multiplied by the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston to obtain the allowable air pressure threshold. The cylinder is protected in advance by the safety factor.

[0111] By real-time monitoring of the air pressure on both sides of the piston and combining this with the force expression, the pressure exerted by the gas on the piston is obtained. The gap between the two rubber rollers in the rice huller is usually controlled between 0.5 and 0.8 mm. The specific value needs to be adjusted according to the rice variety. In the working state, the gap between the two rubber rollers is 0.7 mm. However, by setting the air pressure on both sides of the piston, it is made to tend to move towards a gap of 0.6 mm. By adjusting the air pressure, the piston movement achieves the effect of a gap tendency towards 0.6 mm, ensuring that the gap is maintained within a suitable range while maintaining pressure on the rice, thus ensuring the rice is properly hulled. Move the piston to adjust the air pressure on both sides, apply pressure to one side of the piston, or reduce pressure to the other side of the piston, or both at the same time.

[0112] Establish other pressure methods Equal to zero The value equals zero; m and n represent the numerical values ​​of the gap between the outer walls of the two rubber rollers. and Let m and n represent the forces acting on the piston at points m and n respectively, where m and n represent the distances between the outer walls of the two rubber rollers, which are 0.7 mm and 0.6 mm respectively. Establish the expression... This refers to the air pressure on both sides of the adjusting piston when the gap between the outer walls of the rubber roller is 0.7 mm. and This involves adjusting the air pressure on both sides of the piston. Based on the piston and its structural dimensions, the required air pressure is controlled and monitored in real time via a gas control assembly to prevent instability during piston movement. and Adjust the air pressure on both sides of the piston, and combine it with the predicted force expression. , Substituting 0.1 millimeters into the calculation, we know... and The specific value is calculated to obtain the corresponding and The value at this time , But at this time It is a specific numerical value. equal Then, combined with calculations, we can obtain... and The correlation between them, combined with the pressure threshold and the optimal pressure range, establishes a relationship regarding... and The range of values ​​is determined based on the principle of proximity, and is obtained from the range of values. and The specific value.

[0113] This causes the gap between the two rubber rollers to tend to move from 0.7 mm to 0.6 mm. However, due to the presence of rice grains, the gap between the two rubber rollers can never reach 0.6 mm. We do not consider the change in the working diameter of the rubber rollers here. However, due to the presence of air pressure, the gap between the two rubber rollers always tends to move towards 0.6 mm. This tendency acts on the rice grains to achieve the dehulling of the rice grains.

Claims

1. A rice huller cylinder system, characterized in that, The cylinder system includes: Data collection module: Monitors and acquires data on the working diameter change of the rubber roller, the rotation center distance between the rotation center points of the two rubber rollers, piston position data, and air pressure data located on both sides of the piston and used to push the piston to move. Based on the trial operation of the rice huller, it obtains trial operation data. Piston control module: Internally equipped with a data processing unit, an execution unit, and a micro-retraction protection unit; Data processing unit: Processes trial operation data through data analysis to obtain the optimal spacing range and optimal pressure range for achieving a balance between dehulling rate and broken rice rate, and obtains the gap data between the two rubber rollers during the dehulling process; Obtain the data of the air pressure action surface on both sides of the piston, and establish the expression of the force on the piston based on the air pressure action surface data and the air pressure data on both sides of the piston; Establish a predictive force expression with piston displacement as the input variable; Based on the predicted force expression and the actual force expression, a set of positioning expressions for adjusting air pressure is established; Execution unit: Equipped with voltage regulation mode and adjustment mode; Pressure stabilization mode: Based on the diameter change data of the rubber roller and the rotation center distance, the piston displacement and the gap data between the outer walls of the two rubber rollers are calculated. The air pressure data is input into the force expression to obtain the force. It is determined whether the force is within the optimal pressure range. If it is within the optimal pressure range, no operation is required. If it is not within the optimal pressure range, the adjustment mode is triggered. Adjustment mode: Adjusts the air pressure on both sides of the piston and controls the piston movement through a set of positioning expressions; Micro-retraction protection unit: Based on the threshold algorithm and combined with the optimal pressure range and the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston, the applied pressure threshold and the allowable air pressure threshold are calculated respectively. When the applied force obtained from the force expression exceeds the applied pressure threshold or the air pressure inside the cylinder is greater than the allowable air pressure threshold, the micro-retraction protection unit is activated.

2. The rice huller cylinder system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expression for the force acting on the piston includes: ； in, This indicates the initial air pressure on one side of the piston. This indicates the second initial air pressure on the other side of the piston. yes The area of ​​action of the piston on the side where it is located. yes The area of ​​action of the piston on the side where it is located. The structure that connects to the piston and the force exerted on the piston by the piston body, The force acting on the piston; The Including the friction between the piston and the cylinder wall Establish the forces acting on the piston and The second association, the second association includes The Represents friction force and The correlation equation between them.

3. A rice huller cylinder system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The expression for the predicted force includes: ； in This is the piston displacement. This refers to the first predicted air pressure on one side of the piston after the predicted piston movement. This is the first initial position of the piston relative to the air pressure on one side. This represents the piston's relative position after the predicted movement. The second predicted pressure on the other side of the piston after the piston's predicted movement. The position of the piston relative to the air pressure on the other side. This refers to the position of the piston relative to the air pressure on the other side after the piston moves. The structure that connects to the piston after the piston displacement is input, and the force exerted on the piston by the piston body, wherein... , , This is a gas behavior index.

4. A rice huller cylinder system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The set of location expressions includes; Create expression one ; Expression 2 ; Subtracting expression 1 from expression 2 yields expression number 3. ; in , For the first frictional force in Expression 1, This refers to the second frictional force in expression two. and The specific value is obtained by using the second association and combining it with expressions one and two. This represents the initial atmospheric pressure value after the movement. The initial pressure of air at air level 2 is the pressure value of air level 2 after the movement, based on... Establish and The adjustment between them uses the third association.

5. A rice huller cylinder system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Establish the optimal pressure range value and , , This indicates the forces acting on both sides of the piston during operation. The threshold algorithm includes: Obtain the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston, establish a safety factor σ, with σ ranging from 0.9 to 0.8, and multiply σ by the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston to obtain the allowable air pressure threshold. Obtain the maximum value N of the optimal pressure range, and use N as the applied pressure threshold.

6. A rice huller cylinder system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trial operation data includes fluctuation data during piston operation, changes in air pressure on both sides of the piston during piston movement, piston position data, hulling rate, and broken rice rate. A one-to-one correspondence is established between the changes in air pressure on both sides of the piston, piston position data, hulling rate, and broken rice rate based on the time axis.

7. A rice huller cylinder system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The micro-retreat protection unit includes a pressure relief mode and a retreat mode; The pressure relief mode includes a set of positioning expressions used to achieve a fixed piston position but reduced gas pressure. The set of positioning expressions includes: in accordance with ; ； get ; Combined with the optimal pressure range and To impose restrictions, based on and Obtain the pressure relief on both sides of the piston. This is the amount of modification to the initial air pressure of Unit 1. This is the amount of modification to the initial air pressure of No. 2; The fallback mode includes: Based on the set of positioning expressions , , To adjust the piston displacement value so that the gap between the outer walls of the rubber roller is within the optimal spacing range, and As output quantities respectively and The air pressure value was modified, and the optimal pressure range was considered. and The operation of setting restrictions, adjusting modes, and rolling back is the same.

8. A method for controlling a rice huller cylinder, employing a rice huller cylinder system as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The control method includes: Monitor and acquire data on the working diameter change of the rubber roller, the center distance between the rotation centers of the two rubber rollers, the piston position data, and the air pressure data located on both sides of the piston and used to push the piston to move. Based on the trial operation of the rice huller, obtain trial operation data. By processing the trial run data through data analysis, the optimal spacing range and optimal pressure range for achieving a balance between dehulling rate and broken rice rate were obtained, and the gap data between the two rubber rollers during the dehulling process was acquired. Obtain the data of the air pressure action surface on both sides of the piston, and establish the expression of the force on the piston based on the air pressure action surface data and the air pressure data on both sides of the piston; Establish a predictive force expression with piston displacement as the input variable; Based on the predicted force expression and the actual force expression, a set of positioning expressions is established for adjusting air pressure while keeping the piston position unchanged; Since the predicted force is not within the optimal pressure range, the air pressure on both sides of the piston is adjusted by the cylinder. After adjustment, the predicted force calculated based on the predicted force expression meets the optimal pressure range. The applied pressure threshold and the allowable air pressure threshold are calculated based on the threshold algorithm and the optimal pressure range and the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston. When the applied force obtained in the force expression exceeds the applied pressure threshold or the air pressure inside the cylinder is greater than the allowable air pressure threshold, the micro-retraction protection method is activated.

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