Green ecological revetment and construction method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of green ecological revetment and its construction method, green ecological revetment includes bamboo grid net frame, fishing net-plastic bottle buffer layer, green plant and pressure stone, bamboo grid net frame is fixed on the revetment side slope by pressure stone, bamboo pile;Fishing net-plastic bottle buffer layer is arranged in bamboo grid net frame, fishing net-plastic bottle buffer layer includes waste fishing net and plastic bottle, waste fishing net is arranged on the side surface of bamboo grid net frame and revetment side slope connection, plastic bottle is connected with waste fishing net, and is arrayed distribution on its surface, plastic bottle sets green plant.The ecological revetment obtained by the application has good ecological compatibility of hard material, low cost, high recycling rate of waste material, small pollution risk, good long-term stability, good ecological restoration function;Bamboo grid net frame forms multi-stage scouring system, effectively resists water flow impact in different water level areas, prevents bank slope collapse, improves the stability of side slope, scouring capacity and protection reinforcement effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention pertains to bank protection and its construction methods, specifically a green ecological bank protection and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Bank slope protection is an important component of water conservancy and marine engineering. Its main function is to resist water erosion, prevent bank slope collapse, and ensure the safety of coastal facilities. Traditional bank protection techniques mostly use hard materials such as concrete and rubble. Although these materials can meet the requirements for structural stability, they have problems such as poor ecological compatibility, disruption of material exchange between water and bank slope, and obstruction of biological habitats. In addition, the production and construction processes of these materials are energy-intensive and generate large amounts of carbon emissions, which does not conform to the concept of green and sustainable development.

[0003] With the increasing awareness of ecological and environmental protection, ecological revetment technology has gradually developed. For example, materials such as vegetation concrete and gabion nets have been used, which have taken into account both protection and ecological functions to a certain extent. However, there are still problems such as poor ecological compatibility of rigid materials, high cost, low recycling rate of waste materials, great pollution risks, poor long-term stability, and insufficient ecological restoration function. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a green ecological revetment with good protective reinforcement effect, strong erosion resistance, good stability, and resource utilization of waste materials. Another purpose of this invention is to provide a construction method for a green ecological revetment that meets the requirements of green building and sustainable development and is easy to construct and maintain.

[0005] Technical Solution: The present invention provides a green ecological bank protection structure, comprising a bamboo fence frame, a fishing net-plastic bottle buffer layer, green plants, and weighting stones. The bamboo fence frame is fixed to the bank slope by weighting stones and bamboo stakes. The fishing net-plastic bottle buffer layer is installed within the bamboo fence frame. This buffer layer consists of discarded fishing nets and plastic bottles. The discarded fishing nets are placed on the side where the bamboo fence frame connects to the bank slope. The plastic bottles are connected to the discarded fishing nets and arranged in an array on their surface. Green plants are placed on the plastic bottles. The discarded fishing nets further reduce the impact of water flow.

[0006] Furthermore, the bamboo fence frame includes a small-hole bamboo fence layer, a large-hole bamboo fence layer, and a first hollow bamboo tube connecting the small-hole and large-hole bamboo fence layers. The small-hole bamboo fence layer includes parallel small-hole bamboo tubes and a first plastic pipe, with the small-hole bamboo tubes connected to the first hollow bamboo tube through the first plastic pipe to form a grid structure. The large-hole bamboo fence layer includes parallel large-hole bamboo tubes and a second plastic pipe, with the large-hole bamboo tubes connected to the first hollow bamboo tube through the second plastic pipe to form a grid structure. The small-hole bamboo fence layer can create a fine water flow to reduce water flow impact, while also having a water storage function, and providing stability for the installation of the plastic bottle-fishing net layer. The large pores on the water-side of the large-hole bamboo fence layer can promote water exchange, provide water for the intermediate layer plants, and provide channels for plant roots to penetrate and attach, gradually forming a vegetation cover.

[0007] Furthermore, the first hollow bamboo tube is made of moso bamboo with a diameter of 8-10cm, a length of 35-40cm, and a wall thickness of 0.8-1.5cm.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the first plastic tube is 1-2 cm smaller than the inner diameter of the bamboo tube with small holes, and the first plastic tube and the bamboo tube with small holes are tightly fitted and fixed by a sealing layer.

[0009] Furthermore, the diameter of the large-hole bamboo tube is 3 to 5 times that of the small-hole bamboo tube.

[0010] Furthermore, after the small-hole bamboo tubes, large-hole bamboo tubes, and the first hollow bamboo tube are naturally dried, they are treated with a composite anti-corrosion coating for preservation.

[0011] Furthermore, holes are punched in the neck of the plastic bottles and they are connected to the fishing net with nylon cable ties. The fishing net is then fixed to the perforated bamboo mesh layer with nylon cable ties, and the plastic bottles are secured to each other with nylon cable ties.

[0012] Furthermore, the greening plants include climbing vines, submerged plants, and underwater plants. Climbing vines are placed in plastic bottles above the average water level, submerged plants in plastic bottles at the average water level, and underwater plants in plastic bottles below the average water level. Climbing vines such as Virginia creeper have advantages such as tolerance to strong light, cold, drought, and poor soil, and wide climate adaptability. Once established, they are green, aesthetically pleasing, and eco-friendly, and are widely used in urban greening and landscaping. This invention introduces them as a tool to reinforce the connection between plastic bottles and as a supplement to the ecological properties of bank protection. Submerged plants can take root and grow below the average water level. Their stems and leaves can accumulate and settle silt carried by the water flow, playing a role in soil accumulation and siltation. This invention introduces submerged plants to accumulate silt for the underwater portion of the bank protection, providing more space for underwater plant growth, enriching the ecology, and providing space for fish to inhabit and swim.

[0013] Furthermore, the bamboo stake includes a second hollow bamboo tube and a pointed tip. The second hollow bamboo tube has a diameter of 5-8 cm, a length of 1-1.5 m, and a wall thickness of 0.8-1.5 cm. The pointed tip is inserted into the revetment slope to a depth of ≥25 cm and is secured with nylon cable ties. The weighted stones, together with the bamboo stakes, stabilize the entire device and prevent sliding or displacement.

[0014] The construction method for green ecological bank protection described in this invention includes the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Pre-treat the bank slope until it is flat, and then lay the ballast stones at the toe of the slope for fixation.

[0016] Step 2: Drive bamboo stakes vertically into the revetment slope according to the pre-surveyed locations, with a penetration depth of ≥25cm.

[0017] Step 3: Construct a bamboo fence frame;

[0018] Step 4: Lay the fishing net-plastic bottle buffer layer. First, fill the perforated plastic bottles with water or sand and gravel. Then, use nylon cable ties to tie the plastic bottles tightly through the old fishing net. Stack the plastic bottles tightly and alternately, align the holes between adjacent plastic bottles, and use nylon cable ties to tie the plastic bottles through the holes in the bottle body. Finally, tie the fishing net-plastic bottle buffer layer to the bamboo fence frame with nylon cable ties.

[0019] Step 5: Secure the bamboo stakes to the bamboo fence frame using nylon cable ties;

[0020] Step six: Using the average water level as a boundary, construct green plants in designated zones.

[0021] Working Principle: This green ecological revetment achieves a balance between revetment stabilization and ecological restoration through the combination of bamboo fence frames, a fishing net-plastic bottle buffer layer, and green plants. In the bamboo fence frame, the lower layer of small-hole bamboo mesh disperses the water flow into fine streams to mitigate impact, while simultaneously storing water and providing stable support for the buffer layer. The upper layer of large-hole bamboo mesh promotes water exchange, providing water and root growth channels for plants. The upper and lower layers are connected by a first hollow bamboo tube to form an overall frame, which is then secured with bamboo stakes and weighted stones to create an erosion-resistant foundation. The fishing net-plastic bottle buffer layer utilizes the flexibility of discarded fishing nets and the hollow structure of plastic bottles to absorb and disperse the impact force through flexible deformation during water flow. Different sizes of plastic bottles are selected according to the average water level, with pre-set holes to ensure tight connections and appropriate water permeability. Among the green plants, vines above the average water level grow through the holes in the plastic bottles, their roots stabilizing the soil; submerged plants in the average water level area intercept sediment and promote siltation; underwater plants and biological communities construct an ecosystem, further stabilizing the bank slope. The fishing net layer at the bottom of the bamboo fence enhances bottom stability and filters mud and sand, forming a multi-level protection in conjunction with other structures, thus achieving a unity of protection and ecological function.

[0022] Waste plastic bottles and fishing nets are two types of recyclable waste with extremely high global production and reserves. Modern fishing nets are over 99% made of synthetic fibers, possessing strength, impact resistance, abrasion resistance, mesh size stability, and flexibility. Plastic bottles, on the other hand, have a certain degree of hardness, pressure resistance, elasticity, and excellent corrosion resistance and transparency. Globally, over 200 billion plastic bottles are produced annually, constituting a significant portion of plastic waste. The reserves of discarded fishing nets also reach tens of thousands of tons. Plastics account for 60-90% of the waste accumulated along coastlines, ocean surfaces, and seabeds, with plastic bottles and caps alone accounting for 14%. This invention aims to utilize the lightweight and water-erosion-resistant characteristics of these two types of waste, combined with bamboo—a material known for its high strength, toughness, excellent erosion resistance, and ecological benefits—to design a new type of green ecological revetment, achieving resource recycling, environmental protection, and ecological restoration.

[0023] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant features:

[0024] 1. The resulting ecological revetment rigid material has good ecological compatibility, low cost, high recycling rate of waste materials, low pollution risk, good long-term stability, and good ecological restoration function.

[0025] 2. The bamboo fence frame is connected to the first hollow bamboo tube through multiple layers of bamboo fence and is fixed by bamboo stakes and weight stones. The lower layer of small-hole bamboo fence reduces the impact of water flow, the middle layer of fishing net-plastic bottle buffer absorbs tidal energy and weakens the scouring force, and the upper layer of large-hole bamboo fence fixes the frame and promotes water circulation, forming a multi-level anti-scouring system. This effectively resists the impact of water flow in different water level areas, prevents the bank slope from collapsing, and improves the stability, anti-scouring capacity and protection and reinforcement effect of the slope.

[0026] 3. The main materials of the fishing net-plastic bottle buffer layer are waste plastic bottles and fishing nets. The plastic bottles are locked inside the structure to prevent them from entering the sea again, reducing water pollution and realizing the resource utilization of solid waste. By using waste plastic bottles and waste fishing nets, and with the help of nylon cable ties, the cost is only 30-50% of the traditional riprap or concrete revetment, which not only promotes the recycling of resources, but also reduces costs.

[0027] 4. The greening plants are designed with different plastic bottle specifications and plant types for different water level areas. The bamboo material is treated with anti-corrosion and can adapt to various water environments such as fresh water and seawater. It is suitable for various bank slope protection projects such as rivers, lakes and oceans, which greatly improves adaptability and application range.

[0028] 5. The various plants planted will grow along the holes in the plastic bottles in the future, connecting the plastic bottles more firmly together. The branches extending outward from the bottom holes can also further play a role in wave division, forming a rich ecosystem in the vertical direction, making the bank protection green and beautiful as a whole, attracting insects, fish and other organisms to settle and improve the ecological restoration function and biodiversity.

[0029] 6. As a renewable resource, bamboo has good toughness and strength, a short growth cycle and high yield. Compared with traditional building materials, using bamboo can reduce dependence on non-renewable resources, reduce carbon emissions in the building material production process, and meet the requirements of green building and sustainable development.

[0030] 7. The grid-like space of the bamboo fence, the gaps between the fishing net and the plastic bottle buffer layer, and the growth of green plants together create underwater and nearshore habitats of varying depths and diverse structures, providing places for fish with different habits to hide from predators, forage, and reproduce. It also improves water quality and food supply, maintains environmental stability, and is conducive to the survival and reproduction of fish.

[0031] 8. The main materials used are plastic bottles, fishing nets and bamboo, which are lightweight and flexible, and exert less pressure on the bank slope. The entire laying and binding is done by hand, which consumes little physical strength, is simple to construct, does not require the use of large construction machinery, is easy to construct and maintain, and has outstanding sustainability. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the bamboo fence frame 1 and the fishing net-plastic bottle buffer layer 2 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a top view of the bamboo fence frame 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bamboo fence frame 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the large-hole bamboo tube 1021 and the second plastic tube 1022 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the plastic bottle 202 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the waste fishing net 201 and the plastic bottle 202 at the upper part of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the waste fishing net 201 and the plastic bottle 202 at the lower part of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the connection of the plastic bottle 202 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bamboo stake 6 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the fishing net-plastic bottle buffer layer 2 and the perforated bamboo mesh layer 101 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the bamboo stake 6 and the bamboo fence frame 1 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 13 This is a physical image of the multifunctional experimental model device of the fishing net-plastic bottle buffer layer 2 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 14 This is a comparison chart of slope sediment loss, where a represents sediment loss before the experiment, b represents sediment loss after the experiment according to the present invention, and c represents sediment loss without the green ecological bank protection of the present invention.

[0046] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0047] 1. Bamboo fence frame; 2. Fishing net-plastic bottle buffer layer; 3. Green plants; 4. Weight stones; 5. Bank protection slope; 6. Bamboo stakes; 7. Average water level; 8. Nylon cable ties; 9. Sealing layer; 101. Small-hole bamboo fence layer; 102. Large-hole bamboo fence layer; 103. First hollow bamboo tube; 1011. Small-hole bamboo tube; 1012. First plastic tube; 1021. Large-hole bamboo tube; 1022. Second plastic tube; 201. Waste fishing net; 202. Plastic bottle; 2021. First hole; 2022. Second hole; 2023. Third hole; 601. Second hollow bamboo tube; 602. Tip; 301. Climbing vines; 302. Submerged plants; 303. Underwater plants. Detailed Implementation

[0048] like Figure 1During the pretreatment of the revetment slope 5, surface weeds and gravel are cleared to a flat state. Weight stones 4 are piled at designated locations at the slope toe. Weight stones 4 consist of multiple pieces of gravel, roughly triangular and rectangular in shape, which initially stabilize the slope toe through their own weight. The bamboo fence frame 1 is then placed on the revetment slope 5 using the weight stones 4 to ensure stability and prevent slippage or displacement. Bamboo stakes 6 are made of bamboo with a diameter of 5-8cm, a length of 1-1.5m, and a wall thickness of 0.8-1.5cm. The bamboo fence frame 1 is fixed to the revetment slope 5 using the weight stones 4 and bamboo stakes 6. The bamboo fence frame 1 contains a fishing net-plastic bottle buffer layer 2. The bamboo fence frame 1 can be installed up to the top of the slope according to its height to prevent rainwater erosion. Green plants 3 are planted according to different water levels on the revetment slope 5, using methods adapted to local conditions. The construction of green plants 3 is carried out in zones based on the average water level 7. In areas with an average water level above 7, climbing vines such as Virginia creeper (301) are planted in plastic bottles 202. After planting, they are shaded and watered until they survive. Then, the vines are trained towards the revetment. Once the climbing vines continue to grow along the pre-drilled holes in the plastic bottles 202 and cover the surface of the revetment slope 5, the project is complete. Fertilizer is then applied annually as needed based on local conditions. In areas with an average water level of 7, erosion-resistant nutrient bricks are inserted into plastic bottles 202, and submerged plants (302) are planted. Regular fertilization is applied; for freshwater environments, water shield grass is selected, and for marine environments, Spartina alterniflora is selected. After the submerged plants (302) have accumulated sufficient silt, underwater plants (303) are introduced into plastic bottles 202 in areas with an average water level below 7. Insects, fish, and microorganisms are introduced as needed to enrich the ecosystem. The core basis of "average water level" is the statistical average water level of a specific body of water over a certain period; essentially, it is a "variable parameter" reflecting the long-term stable position of the liquid surface. The tip 602 of the bamboo stake 6 is cut into a 5cm long cone shape. Based on the size of the bamboo fence frame 1, mark the points around the inner perimeter of the bamboo fence frame 1, and drive the bamboo piles 6 vertically into the bank slope 5, ensuring a penetration depth of ≥25cm. After driving, check the verticality and stability, and use them as fixed supports for subsequent structures.

[0049] like Figures 2-4The bamboo fence frame 1 includes a small-hole bamboo fence layer 101, a large-hole bamboo fence layer 102, and a first hollow bamboo tube 103. The small-hole bamboo fence layer 101 and the large-hole bamboo fence layer 102 are connected by the first hollow bamboo tube 103, forming a 3×2 frame structure. At the bottom of the bamboo fence frame 1, i.e., at the connection between the bottommost small-hole bamboo fence layer 101 and the large-hole bamboo fence layer 102, a discarded fishing net 201 is laid. The discarded fishing net 201 has a size of 40×40cm to 50×50cm and is fixed to the small-hole bamboo fence layer 101 and the large-hole bamboo fence layer 102 with nylon cable ties 8 to further reduce the impact of water flow. The small-hole bamboo fence layer 101 includes three rows of parallel small-hole bamboo tubes 1011 and a first plastic tube 1012. The small-hole bamboo tubes 1011 are connected to the first hollow bamboo tubes 103 through the first plastic tube 1012 to form a grid structure. The large-hole bamboo mesh layer 102 includes three rows of parallel large-hole bamboo tubes 1021 and a second plastic tube 1022. The large-hole bamboo tubes 1021 are connected to the first hollow bamboo tubes 103 through the second plastic tubes 1022 to form a grid structure. The first hollow bamboo tubes 103 are made of moso bamboo with a diameter of 8-10cm, a length of 35-40cm, and a wall thickness of 0.8-1.5cm. The small-hole bamboo tubes 1011 are made of moso bamboo with a diameter of 8-10cm, a length of 35-40cm, and a wall thickness of 0.8-1.5cm. Three to five holes with a diameter of 1cm are drilled in the bamboo in the direction perpendicular to the embankment. After the bamboo is naturally dried with a moisture content of ≤20%, it is treated with a copper, chromium, and arsenic composite anti-corrosion coating (dry film thickness ≥80μm) for anti-corrosion treatment. Both the first plastic tube 1012 and the second plastic tube 1022 are PVC tubes with a length of 8-10cm. The inner diameter of the first plastic tube 1012 is 1-2cm smaller than the inner diameter of the small-hole bamboo tube 1011, and the inner diameter of the second plastic tube 1022 is 1-2cm smaller than the inner diameter of the large-hole bamboo tube 1021. The first plastic tube 1012 and the small-hole bamboo tube 1011 are fixed together by a tight fit through the sealing layer 9. The large-hole bamboo tube 1021 has 4-6 holes with a diameter of 3cm drilled in the direction perpendicular to the embankment, which are 3-5 times the diameter of the holes in the small-hole bamboo tube 1011. The remaining bamboo is of the same specifications and processed using the same techniques as the small-hole bamboo mesh layer 101. After natural drying, the small-hole bamboo tube 1011, the large-hole bamboo tube 1021, and the first hollow bamboo tube 103 are treated with a composite anti-corrosion coating for preservation.

[0050] like Figure 5The connection method between the small-hole bamboo tube 1011 and the first plastic tube 1012 is the same as the connection method between the large-hole bamboo tube 1021 and the second plastic tube 1022. If the size of the small-hole bamboo tube 1011 and the first plastic tube 1012 or the first hollow bamboo tube 103 does not match, or the size of the large-hole bamboo tube 1021 and the second plastic tube 1022 or the first hollow bamboo tube 103 does not match, prepare a rubber ring or silicone gasket as a sealing layer 9. First, fill the space between the inner wall of the plastic tube and the bamboo tube with the rubber ring or silicone gasket, and then secure it from the outside with nylon cable ties 8.

[0051] like Figures 6-9 The fishing net-plastic bottle buffer layer 2 comprises a discarded fishing net 201 and plastic bottles 202, which can weaken the scouring force of the water flow through flexible deformation. The fishing net-plastic bottle buffer layer 2 is secured to the perforated bamboo mesh layer 101 by nylon cable ties 8. The plastic bottles 202 are unpacked, with their mouths facing the slope and their bottoms facing the direction of the water waves. Each plastic bottle 202 has a hole punched in its neck and is connected to the discarded fishing net 201 by a nylon cable tie 8. The plastic bottles 202 are tightly stacked and interlocked, with adjacent bottles 202 reinforced by nylon cable ties 8 threaded through pre-punched holes around their perimeter. The discarded plastic bottles 202 have three sets of holes with a diameter of 10-15mm punched in their necks, perimeter, and bottom. The first hole 2021 is located at the neck, with two holes opposite each other. The second hole 2022 is located around the perimeter of the plastic bottle, with four holes equidistantly arranged around it. The third hole 2023 is located in the center of the bottom, and there is only one hole. For plastic bottles 202, medium-sized plastic bottles with a volume of about 500mL are selected at or above the average water level. For plastic bottles 202 below the average water level, larger-sized plastic bottles 202 with a volume of 1L or more can be selected. The bottom hole diameter of medium-sized plastic bottles 202 is smaller, and the bottom hole diameter of large-sized plastic bottles 202 is larger or the bottom is cut off. The holes of adjacent plastic bottles 202 are aligned.

[0052] like Figure 10 The bamboo stake 6 includes a second hollow bamboo tube and a tip. The second hollow bamboo tube is made of moso bamboo with a diameter of 5-8cm, a length of 1-1.5m, and a wall thickness of 0.8-1.5cm. The tip is inserted into the bank slope with a penetration depth of ≥25cm and is fixed to the bamboo fence frame 1 by nylon cable ties.

[0053] like Figure 11 The fishing net-plastic bottle buffer layer 2 is tied and fixed inside the bamboo fence frame 1 structure with nylon cable ties 8 and small-hole bamboo fence layer 101, and the same as the waste fishing net 201 at the bottom of the bamboo fence frame 1.

[0054] like Figure 12 After the bamboo stakes 6 are driven into the bank slope 5, they are further tied and fixed to the bamboo fence frame 1 with nylon cable ties 8.

[0055] The construction method for green ecological bank protection in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: Pre-treatment of the revetment slope 5 and fixing of the stabilizing stones 4: Thoroughly clean the revetment slope 5, manually removing weeds, humus, and gravel from the slope surface using small tools. The cleaning depth should be controlled at 5-8cm to ensure the slope is free of irregular shapes such as protrusions and depressions. Use a slope gauge to calibrate the slope to the design value, recommended at 1:1.5-1:2.0, ensuring a smooth and uniform slope. At the toe of the slope (1-1.2m from the bottom of the slope), excavate a rectangular trench 30-40cm wide and 20-25cm deep. Compact the bottom of the trench using a rammer to achieve a compaction degree ≥90%. Select granite gravel weighing 10-15kg and with a particle size of 20-30cm as stabilizing stones 4. Tightly stack the stabilizing stones 4 within the trench, ensuring the stacking height matches the trench depth, with a gap of ≤5cm between adjacent stabilizing stones 4. The weight of the stabilizing stones 4 will stabilize the slope toe and prevent displacement of the bottom of the revetment slope 5 during subsequent construction.

[0057] Step Two: Positioning and Installation of Bamboo Stakes 6: Based on the revetment design drawings and on-site survey, the locations of bamboo stakes 6 are determined. The bamboo stakes are distributed in a matrix around the inner perimeter of the bamboo fence frame 1, with a horizontal spacing of 1.5-2.0m and a vertical spacing of 1.2-1.5m. Bamboo stakes 6 are made of bamboo with a diameter of 5-8cm, a length of 1-1.5m, and a wall thickness of 0.8-1.5cm. One end is cut into a 5cm long conical tip 602, while the other end retains the original shape of the second hollow bamboo tube 601. After natural drying with a moisture content ≤20%, the surface of the bamboo stakes is coated with a copper, chromium, and arsenic composite anti-corrosion coating (dry film thickness ≥80μm). A small pile driver is used to vertically drive the bamboo stakes 6 into the revetment slope 5. During driving, a spirit level is used to monitor the verticality in real time, controlling the deviation to ≤3°, ensuring that the bamboo stakes 6 penetrate the revetment slope 5 to a depth ≥25cm, with an exposed length of 80-120cm. After the bamboo stake is driven in, manually shake it to check its stability. If it is loose, pull it out, clean the hole, and drive it in again until the bamboo stake has no obvious displacement.

[0058] Step 3: Begin constructing the bamboo fence 1 by laying the waste fishing net 201 at the bottom of the bamboo fence frame 1. This involves the bamboo fence located at the connection between the lower small-hole bamboo fence layer 101 and the upper large-hole bamboo fence layer 102. The small-hole bamboo fence layer 101 consists of three rows of parallel small-hole bamboo tubes 1011 and a first plastic tube 1012. The small-hole bamboo tubes 1011 are connected to the first hollow bamboo tubes 103 through the first plastic tube 1012 to form a grid structure. The large-hole bamboo fence layer 102 consists of three rows of parallel large-hole bamboo tubes 1021 and a second plastic tube 1022. The large-hole bamboo tubes 1021 are connected to the first hollow bamboo tubes 103 through the second plastic tube 1022 to form a grid structure. If the size of the small-hole bamboo tube 1011 does not match the size of the first plastic tube 1012 or the first hollow bamboo tube 103, or the size of the large-hole bamboo tube 1021 does not match the size of the second plastic tube 1022 or the first hollow bamboo tube 103, prepare rubber rings or silicone gaskets as sealing layers 9. First, fill the space between the inner wall of the plastic tube and the bamboo tube with rubber rings or silicone gaskets, and then secure it from the outside with nylon cable ties 8. Then, lay the waste fishing net 201 with a size of 40×40cm~50×50cm at the bottom of the newly built bamboo fence frame, and tie and fix the waste fishing net 201 to the bamboo tubes in the corresponding positions with nylon cable ties 8.

[0059] Step 4, Construction of the perforated bamboo mesh layer 101: Using the bottom of the bamboo mesh frame 1 as a reference, extend and construct the perforated bamboo mesh layer 101. Select bamboo with a diameter of 8-10cm, a length of 35-40cm, and a wall thickness of 0.8-1.5cm, and process it into perforated bamboo tubes 1011. Use drilling equipment to drill 3-5 through holes with a diameter of 1cm in the direction perpendicular to the embankment, with a hole spacing of 10-12cm. After the bamboo is naturally dried until the moisture content is ≤20%, apply a copper, chromium, and arsenic composite anti-corrosion coating (dry film thickness ≥80μm). Select a PVC plastic tube with a length of 8-10cm as the first plastic tube 1012, whose inner diameter is 1-2cm smaller than the diameter of the perforated bamboo tube 1011 and the first hollow bamboo tube 103. Insert one end of the first plastic tube 1012 into the end of the perforated bamboo tube 1011, and the other end into the pre-reserved interface of the first hollow bamboo tube 103. A preliminary fixation is achieved through a tight fit. If the dimensional deviation between the bamboo tube and the plastic tube is >2cm, fill the space between the inner wall of the plastic tube and the outer wall of the bamboo tube with a rubber ring or silicone pad of 1-1.5cm thickness. After filling, wrap the connection point with a nylon cable tie 8 of 5-8cm diameter 3-4 times and tighten it. The tightness of the cable tie should be such that there is no displacement when the bamboo tube is pulled. Connect each perforated bamboo tube 1011 to the first hollow bamboo tube 103 in sequence as described above to complete the perforated bamboo fence layer 101. During the construction process, use a level to calibrate every 3m to ensure that the bamboo fence is level overall, with a deviation ≤2mm / m.

[0060] Step 5, Laying the Fishing Net-Plastic Bottle Buffer Layer 2: Pre-treat the plastic bottle 202 by removing the outer packaging. Use 500mL PET plastic bottles for areas at and above the average water level, and 1L or larger PET plastic bottles for areas below the average water level. Drill three sets of 10-15mm diameter holes in the bottle body using an electric drill. The first hole 2021 is located 2cm below the bottle neck, with two holes symmetrically distributed (center angle 180°). The second hole 2022 is located in the upper middle part of the bottle body, with four holes equidistantly arranged (center angle 90°). The third hole 2023 is located in the center of the bottle bottom. Fill the plastic bottle 202 with water or sand (filling volume 60-70% of the bottle volume) to ensure the bottle does not float after gaining weight. Select a piece of waste nylon fishing net 201 with a size of 40×80cm~50×100cm and a mesh size of 2-3cm. Place the pre-treated plastic bottle 202 with its mouth facing the slope and its bottom facing the direction of the water waves. Put a nylon cable tie 8 with a diameter of 5-8cm through the first hole 2021 in the neck of the plastic bottle 202. Pass the nylon cable tie 8 through the mesh of the waste fishing net 201 and tie it to another loop nylon cable tie 8 to fix it. Fix 8-10 plastic bottles 202 to each piece of waste fishing net 201, with the plastic bottles 202 spaced 10-12cm apart. Stack the waste fishing net 201, which is used to bind plastic bottles 202, on top of another layer of waste fishing net 201. Adjacent plastic bottles 202 should be stacked tightly and alternately (stack height 5-7cm), ensuring that the first hole 2021, second hole 2022, and third hole 2023 of adjacent plastic bottles 202 are completely aligned. Use nylon cable ties 8 with a diameter of 5-8cm to thread through the aligned second hole 2022 of the bottle body, wrapping it 2-3 times and securing it tightly to form an integrated cushioning unit. Finally, attach the cushioning unit to the outside of the perforated bamboo mesh layer 101, and use nylon cable ties 8 with a diameter of 5-8cm to secure the edge of the cushioning unit to the lower bamboo tube, with a spacing of 20-25cm between the tying points.

[0061] Step Six: Construction and Fixing of the Large-Hole Bamboo Fence Layer 102 to the Bamboo Fence Frame 1: Select bamboo of the same specifications as the small-hole bamboo tubes 1011 and process them into large-hole bamboo tubes 1021. Use drilling equipment to drill 4-6 through holes with a diameter of 3cm (3 times the diameter of the small holes) perpendicular to the embankment. The bamboo processing technology (drying and anti-corrosion) is the same as that for the small-hole bamboo tubes. Select a second plastic tube 1022 of the same material and size as the first plastic tube 1012. Connect the large-hole bamboo tubes 1021 to the first hollow bamboo tubes 103 through the second plastic tube 1022. The connection method (tight fit, filling with suitable material, and reinforcement with nylon cable ties 8) is the same as the lower layer, forming a large-hole bamboo fence layer 102 with a grid spacing of 20-25cm. Connect the large-hole bamboo fence layer 102 and the small-hole bamboo fence layer 101 through the first hollow bamboo tubes 103 to form an integral bamboo fence frame 1. The connection parts are double-tied and reinforced with nylon cable ties 8. Select nylon cable ties 8 with a diameter of 15-25cm and a seawater corrosion resistance grade ≥C4, and tie the first hollow bamboo tube 103, large-hole bamboo tube 1021, and small-hole bamboo tube 1011 of the bamboo fence frame 1 to the bamboo stakes 6. Each bamboo stake 6 has 2-3 binding points (vertical spacing of 30-40cm). After tightening the nylon cable ties 8, cut off the excess part to ensure that the bamboo fence frame 1 does not shift, and complete the overall frame fixing.

[0062] Experimental Case:

[0063] like Figure 13 A multifunctional experimental model device using a small-scale water flow scouring coastal soil, consisting of a fishing net and a plastic bottle buffer layer, was used to study the bank protection effect of this technology under water flow scouring and rainfall conditions. Scouring tests were conducted with and without the bank protection technology of this project, with a rainfall intensity of 12L / h and a wave velocity of 0.6m / s, for 4 hours.

[0064] like Figure 14 Experiments revealed that the slope with the device of this embodiment had less sediment loss, while the pure slope had severe sediment loss.

Claims

1. A green ecological revetment, characterized in that: The application relates to a bank slope protection device, which comprises a bamboo grid frame (1), a fishing net-plastic bottle buffer layer (2), green plants (3) and pressure stones (4), wherein the bamboo grid frame (1) is fixed on the bank slope (5) through the pressure stones (4) and bamboo piles (6); the fishing net-plastic bottle buffer layer (2) is arranged in the bamboo grid frame (1), the fishing net-plastic bottle buffer layer (2) comprises waste fishing nets (201) and plastic bottles (202), the waste fishing nets (201) are arranged on the side surface of the bamboo grid frame (1) connected with the bank slope (5), the plastic bottles (202) are connected with the waste fishing nets (201) and are arranged on the surfaces of the waste fishing nets (201), and the green plants (3) are arranged in the plastic bottles (202). The bamboo grid frame (1) comprises small-hole bamboo grid layers (101), large-hole bamboo grid layers (102) and first hollow bamboo tubes (103) connecting the small-hole bamboo grid layers (101) and the large-hole bamboo grid layers (102); the small-hole bamboo grid layers (101) comprise small-hole bamboo tubes (1011) and first plastic tubes (1012) arranged in parallel, the small-hole bamboo tubes (1011) are connected with the first hollow bamboo tubes (103) through the first plastic tubes (1012) to form a grid structure; the large-hole bamboo grid layers (102) comprise large-hole bamboo tubes (1021) and second plastic tubes (1022) arranged in parallel, and the large-hole bamboo tubes (1021) are connected with the first hollow bamboo tubes (103) through the second plastic tubes (1022) to form a grid structure. The plastic bottles (202) are perforated at the bottle necks and connected with the waste fishing nets (201) through nylon straps (8), the waste fishing nets (201) are fixed on the small-hole bamboo grid layers (101) through the nylon straps (8), and the plastic bottles (202) are fixed through the nylon straps (8). The green plants (3) comprise vine climbing plants (301), submerged plants (302) and underwater plants (303), the vine climbing plants (301) are arranged in the plastic bottles (202) above the average water level (7), the submerged plants (302) are arranged in the plastic bottles (202) in the average water level (7) region, and the underwater plants (303) are arranged in the plastic bottles (202) below the average water level (7).

2. A green ecological revetment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first hollow bamboo tube (103) is a bamboo tube with a diameter of 8-10 cm, a length of 35-40 cm and a wall thickness of 0.8-1.5 cm.

3. A green ecological revetment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the first plastic tube (1012) is 1-2 cm smaller than the inner diameter of the small-hole bamboo tube (1011), and the first plastic tube (1012) is fixed with the small-hole bamboo tube (1011) through a sealing layer (9).

4. The green ecological revetment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hole diameter of the large-hole bamboo tube (1021) is 3-5 times the hole diameter of the small-hole bamboo tube (1011).

5. A green ecological revetment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The small-hole bamboo tube (1011), the large-hole bamboo tube (1021) and the first hollow bamboo tube (103) are subjected to corrosion treatment through brushing of composite anticorrosive paint after natural air drying.

6. A green ecological revetment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bamboo pile (6) comprises a second hollow bamboo tube (601) and a tip (602), the diameter of the second hollow bamboo tube (601) is 5-8 cm, the length is 1-1.5 m, and the wall thickness is 0.8-1.5 cm, the depth of the tip (602) inserted into the revetment slope (5) is greater than or equal to 25 cm, and the bamboo pile (6) is fixed by binding with nylon straps (8).

7. A method of constructing a green ecological revetment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step one, pretreat the revetment slope (5) to a flat state, and lay the pressure stone (4) at the slope foot; Step two, vertically drive the bamboo pile (6) into the revetment slope (5) according to the pre-surveyed point, and the penetration depth is greater than or equal to 25 cm; Step three, build the bamboo grid frame (1); Step four, lay the fishing net-plastic bottle buffer layer (2), first, fill the perforated plastic bottles (202) with water or sandstone, tighten the nylon straps (8) through the waste fishing net (201), and tightly interleave and stack the plastic bottles (202), align the holes between the adjacent plastic bottles (202), and pass the nylon straps (8) through the holes in the plastic bottles (202), finally, fix the fishing net-plastic bottle buffer layer (2) to the bamboo grid frame (1) by binding with the nylon straps (8); Step five, fix the bamboo pile (6) to the bamboo grid frame (1) by binding with the nylon straps (8); Step six, divide the area according to the average water level (7) to build the green plants (3).

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