High-altitude fabricated building composite heat preservation floor slab structure and assembly method of high-altitude fabricated building composite heat preservation floor slab structure

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of buildings, and discloses a high-altitude assembly type building composite heat preservation floor structure and an assembly method thereof.The high-altitude assembly type building composite heat preservation floor structure comprises a load-bearing framework layer, a rigid base layer, a heat preservation layer and a decoration surface layer, and the heat preservation layer is formed by alternately stacking closed hole type extrusion molding heat preservation plates and nano-porous heat preservation materials. According to the invention, the pressure resistance and vapor barrier performance are ensured by utilizing the high percentage of closed area, and synergistic thermal insulation is realized by combining the ultralow heat conduction characteristic of aerogel; the nickel-titanium memory alloy embedded layer enables the connection structure to automatically adjust deformation under an extreme temperature difference through precise design of a phase change temperature interval, so that thermal stress concentration is effectively relieved; functions of the titanium dioxide reflecting layer and the polyurea elastomer are compounded to synchronously cope with high-altitude strong ultraviolet radiation and mechanical shock, so that a multi-stage protection system is formed, and the floor slab structure comprehensively forms overall advantages in the aspects of thermal insulation performance, temperature difference adaptability and durability; the systematic problems that a traditional high-altitude building component is prone to cracking, rapid in aging and high in energy consumption are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of building technology, and specifically relates to a high-altitude prefabricated building composite insulation floor structure and an assembly method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The composite insulated floor structure of prefabricated buildings is a building component that is prefabricated in a factory and quickly assembled on site. It achieves efficient thermal insulation through multi-layer composite materials. Its modular design combined with special connectors can adapt to the extreme temperature differences and strong wind loads in high-altitude areas. It combines construction convenience and environmental adaptability. Assembly and use at high altitudes usually have higher requirements and challenges.

[0003] The existing high-altitude prefabricated building composite insulation floor structure has a greater impact on the structural stability of the existing floor during use, especially for the problem of day and night temperature difference in high-altitude areas. In actual use, the current insulation floor has problems such as easy cracking and loose joints, and the actual connection area between the floor and the final cast concrete is limited. When facing high-altitude installation and use, the actual structural stability is insufficient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a high-altitude prefabricated building composite insulation floor structure and an assembly method thereof, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a high-altitude prefabricated building composite insulation floor structure and its assembly method, comprising a load-bearing skeleton layer, a rigid base layer, an insulation layer, and a decorative surface layer. The insulation layer is composed of alternately stacked closed-cell extruded insulation boards and nanoporous insulation materials. The two materials are adsorbed by negative pressure to form an integral composite structure. A temperature-adaptive connection mechanism is provided between the load-bearing skeleton layer and the rigid base layer, and auxiliary anchors are provided between the load-bearing skeleton layer and the rigid base layer. The temperature adaptive connection mechanism comprises: Metal embedded layer with thermal deformation characteristics, Reinforced anchors, The outer surface of the decorative surface layer is provided with a composite coating with both ultraviolet reflection and impact resistance functions.

[0006] Preferably, the closed-cell rate of the closed-cell extruded insulation board is greater than 90%, the nanoporous insulation material is aerogel felt, and the interface bonding strength formed by the negative pressure adsorption is not less than 0.15 MPa.

[0007] Preferably, the metal pre-embedded layer with thermo-induced deformation characteristics is a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the phase transition temperature range of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy is -20°C to 30°C.

[0008] Preferably, the composite coating comprises a titanium dioxide reflective layer and a polyurea elastomer layer, and the solar radiation reflectivity of the titanium dioxide reflective layer is greater than.

[0009] Preferably, the reinforced anchor comprises a control portion provided at an end portion and an expansion portion provided at an outer side, and the expansion portion at the outer side of the reinforced anchor is moved and expanded by rotating the control portion.

[0010] Preferably, the control part includes a storage chamber, a fixed plate, a push plate and an adjusting rod, the storage chamber is opened at the end of the reinforced anchor, the fixed plate is fixedly sleeved in the storage chamber, the push plate is movably sleeved in the storage chamber, the adjusting rod is threadedly sleeved on the end of the fixed plate, and the inner end of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected to the push plate.

[0011] Preferably, the expansion portion includes a through hole, a side cavity, a side block, a spring and a connecting port, the through hole is opened inside the reinforced anchor, and the through hole is connected to the storage cavity, the side cavity is opened outside the reinforced anchor, the side block is movably sleeved in the side cavity, one end of the spring is fixed in the side cavity, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the side block, the connecting port is opened inside the reinforced anchor, and the side cavity is connected to the through hole through the connecting port.

[0012] Preferably, an optical fiber sensor array is embedded in the insulation layer to monitor the stress and moisture content of the insulation layer in real time, and the monitoring data is transmitted wirelessly to the operation and maintenance platform.

[0013] A method for assembling a composite thermal insulation floor structure, comprising the following assembly steps: S1. Prefabricate the integrated modules of load-bearing skeleton layer and rigid base layer in the factory; S2. After hoisting into place on site, use auxiliary anchors to connect the modules; S3. Lay the insulation layer in layers, and fix it with negative pressure adsorption after every 3 layers; S4. Monitor the ambient temperature before installing the temperature-adaptive connection system; S5. Use a positioning instrument to calibrate the installation position of the reinforced anchor; S6. Finally, conduct an air tightness test to ensure that the air leakage coefficient at the joints meets the standard; S7. Conduct plateau adaptation adjustments.

[0014] Conduct working condition simulation tests at an altitude of 3000m or above; Preferably, the vacuum degree of the negative pressure adsorption in step S3 is maintained at -0.06MPa to -0.08MPa, the positioning accuracy of the positioning instrument in step S5 is controlled within the range of ±1.5mm, and in step S7, the compensation coefficient of the embedded parts is adjusted according to the test results, and the compensation coefficient K=1+0.00015×(H-3000), where H is the actual altitude.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The present invention forms a high-efficiency thermal insulation system through the composite structure of closed-cell extruded board and aerogel felt, utilizes the high closed-cell ratio to ensure the pressure resistance and vapor insulation performance, and combines the ultra-low thermal conductivity of aerogel to achieve synergistic thermal insulation; and the nickel-titanium memory alloy embedded layer is precisely designed with a phase change temperature range, so that the connection structure can autonomously adjust its deformation under extreme temperature differences, effectively alleviating thermal stress concentration; the titanium dioxide reflective layer and the polyurea elastomer are functionally combined to simultaneously respond to strong ultraviolet radiation and mechanical impact at high altitudes, forming a multi-level protection system, which comprehensively makes the floor structure form an overall advantage in terms of thermal insulation performance, temperature difference adaptability and durability, and solves the systemic problems of traditional high-altitude building components being prone to cracking, rapid aging and high energy consumption.

[0016] (2) The present invention utilizes the reinforced anchor 6 in conjunction with the control part 8 and the expansion part 9 in the reinforced anchor 6. After completing the basic assembly process, the internal fluid is compressed by the adjustment rod 84 in the control part 8 to achieve multi-directional expansion movement of the expansion part 9, and the protruding parts are opened outward along the outer side of the reinforced anchor 6 body, so that the expansion part 9 is fixed and nested in the interior of the concrete layer during concrete pouring, thereby increasing the anchoring area between the reinforced anchor 6 and the concrete and providing lateral anchoring force, thereby greatly enhancing the assembly stability, effectively coping with the high-altitude assembly environment, and achieving a good assembly effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a reinforced anchor member of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the reinforced anchor member of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Load-bearing skeleton layer; 2. Rigid base layer; 3. Insulation layer; 4. Decorative surface layer; 5. Metal embedded layer; 6. Reinforced anchor; 7. Auxiliary anchor; 8. Control part; 81. Storage cavity; 82. Fixing plate; 83. Push plate; 84. Adjustment rod; 9. Extension part; 91. Through hole; 92. Side cavity; 93. Side block; 94. Spring; 95. Connecting port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a high-altitude prefabricated building composite insulation floor structure and an assembly method thereof, including a load-bearing skeleton layer 1, a rigid base layer 2, an insulation layer 3 and a decorative surface layer 4. The insulation layer 3 is composed of alternating layers of closed-cell extruded insulation boards and nanoporous insulation materials. The two materials form an overall composite structure through negative pressure adsorption. A temperature-adaptive connection mechanism is provided between the load-bearing skeleton layer 1 and the rigid base layer 2. An auxiliary anchor 7 is provided between the load-bearing skeleton layer 1 and the rigid base layer 2. The temperature-adaptive connection mechanism includes: a metal embedded layer 5 with thermally induced deformation characteristics, a reinforced anchor 6, and the outer surface of the decorative surface layer 4 is provided with a composite coating with both UV reflection and impact resistance functions.

[0021] Among them, the closed-cell rate of the closed-cell extruded insulation board is greater than 90%, the nanoporous insulation material is aerogel felt, the interface bonding strength formed by negative pressure adsorption is not less than 0.15 MPa, the metal pre-embedded layer 5 with thermal deformation characteristics is nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the phase change temperature range of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy is -20°C to 30°C. The composite coating includes a titanium dioxide reflective layer and a polyurea elastomer layer, and the solar radiation reflectivity of the titanium dioxide reflective layer is greater than 0.8.

[0022] A highly efficient thermal insulation system is formed through the composite structure of closed-cell extruded board and aerogel felt, which utilizes the high closed-cell ratio to ensure pressure resistance and vapor insulation performance, and combines with the ultra-low thermal conductivity of aerogel to achieve synergistic thermal insulation. The nickel-titanium shape memory alloy embedded layer is precisely designed with a phase change temperature range, so that the connection structure can autonomously adjust its deformation under extreme temperature differences, effectively alleviating thermal stress concentration. The functional combination of the titanium dioxide reflective layer and the polyurea elastomer can simultaneously respond to strong ultraviolet radiation and mechanical impact at high altitudes, forming a multi-level protection system. This comprehensively gives the floor structure an overall advantage in terms of thermal insulation performance, temperature adaptability and durability, solving the systemic problems of traditional high-altitude building components that are prone to cracking, rapid aging and high energy consumption.

[0023] Among them, the reinforced anchor 6 includes a control part 8 set at the end, and an expansion part 9 set on the outside. By rotating the control part 8, the expansion part 9 on the outside of the reinforced anchor 6 is moved and expanded. The control part 8 includes a storage cavity 81, a fixed plate 82, a push plate 83 and an adjustment rod 84. The storage cavity 81 is opened at the end of the reinforced anchor 6, the fixed plate 82 is fixedly sleeved in the storage cavity 81, the push plate 83 is movably sleeved in the storage cavity 81, the adjustment rod 84 is threadedly sleeved on the end of the fixed plate 82, and the inner end of the adjustment rod 84 is fixed to the push plate 83. Connection, the extension part 9 includes a through hole 91, a side cavity 92, a side block 93, a spring 94 and a connecting port 95. The through hole 91 is opened inside the reinforced anchor 6, and the through hole 91 is connected to the storage cavity 81. The side cavity 92 is opened outside the reinforced anchor 6. The side block 93 is movably sleeved in the side cavity 92. One end of the spring 94 is fixed in the side cavity 92, and the other end of the spring 94 is fixedly connected to the side block 93. The connecting port 95 is opened inside the reinforced anchor 6, and the side cavity 92 is connected to the through hole 91 through the connecting port 95.

[0024] Example 1: When the reinforced anchor 6 is installed and used, a hole is drilled along the decorative surface layer 4 in the laminated composite insulation floor structure, and a through hole is drilled. Then, the reinforced anchor 6 is inserted into the drilled hole, and the composite floor structure is arranged on the outside of the construction steel cage. The inner end of the reinforced anchor 6 is connected and fixed in the construction steel cage by an external binding strap. The control part 8 at the front of the reinforced anchor 6 is rotated so that the adjustment rod 84 is spirally inserted along the fixing plate 82, and drives the push plate 83 in the storage chamber 81 to squeeze the internal filling fluid. The fluid liquid pressure is transmitted to the side cavity 92 through the through hole 91 in the expansion part 9, and pushes the side block 93 in the side cavity 92 to move. While stretching the spring 94, the side block 93 is expanded along the outside of the reinforced anchor 6, thereby expanding the outer surface area of ​​the reinforced anchor 6. Then, concrete is poured normally into the steel cage. After the concrete solidifies, the reinforced anchor 6 body and the expanded side block 93 are fully embedded in the concrete, completing the enhanced anchoring.

[0025] First, by utilizing the reinforced anchor 6, in conjunction with the control part 8 and the expansion part 9 in the reinforced anchor 6, after completing the basic assembly processing, the internal fluid is compressed by the adjustment rod 84 in the control part 8 to realize the multi-directional expansion movement of the expansion part 9, and the protruding parts are opened outward along the outer side of the reinforced anchor 6 body, so that the expansion part 9 is fixed and nested inside the concrete layer when the concrete is poured, thereby increasing the anchoring area between the reinforced anchor 6 and the concrete, and providing lateral anchoring force, which greatly enhances the assembly stability, effectively copes with the high-altitude assembly environment, and has a good assembly effect.

[0026] Among them, an optical fiber sensor array is embedded in the insulation layer 3 to monitor the stress and moisture content of the insulation layer 3 in real time, and the monitoring data is transmitted wirelessly to the operation and maintenance platform.

[0027] Example 2: Single-mode optical fibers are arranged in a grid pattern with an interval of 200 mm between the XPS extruded board and the aerogel felt layer of the insulation layer 3 to form a 5×5 monitoring unit, and a spacing of more than 50 mm is maintained with the metal pre-buried layer 5. The optical fiber has an outer diameter of 250 μm and is coated with a polyimide protective layer (temperature resistant -40°C to 120°C). It is embedded in the joints of the insulation material through pre-grooving, and the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect of the optical fiber is used to trigger an early warning when the adsorption of water molecules causes the refractive index to change Δn>0.01.

[0028] First, this embodiment embeds an optical fiber sensor array in the insulation layer 3, utilizes the wavelength shift characteristics of the fiber Bragg grating to perceive the interlayer stress changes in real time, and detects the moisture content based on the surface plasmon resonance effect, thereby realizing active monitoring of the health status of the composite insulation layer structure. The sensor elements and the insulation materials are integrated into one, and the signal transmission of the optical fiber is not subject to electromagnetic interference and is resistant to extreme temperatures, thereby solving the problem of insufficient reliability of traditional monitoring methods in high-altitude environments. The system feeds back data to the operation and maintenance platform through wireless transmission, forming a closed loop from physical state perception to digital management, providing a technical basis for temperature difference deformation warning and freeze-thaw damage prevention, and significantly improving the maintainability and service life of prefabricated floor slabs in harsh environments.

[0029] A method for assembling a composite thermal insulation floor structure, comprising the following assembly steps: S1. An integrated module of a load-bearing skeleton layer 1 and a rigid base layer 2 prefabricated in a factory; S2. After the site is hoisted into place, auxiliary anchors 7 are used to connect the modules; S3. Layered insulation layer 3, each layer of 3 negative pressure adsorption fixed; S4. Monitor the ambient temperature before installing the temperature-adaptive connection system; S5. Calibrate the installation position of the reinforced anchor 6 using a positioning instrument; S6. Finally, conduct an air tightness test to ensure that the air leakage coefficient at the joints meets the standard; S7. Conduct plateau adaptation adjustments.

[0030] Conduct working condition simulation tests at an altitude of 3000m or above; Among them, the vacuum degree of negative pressure adsorption in step S3 is maintained at -0.06MPa to -0.08MPa, the positioning accuracy of the positioning instrument in step S5 is controlled within the range of ±1.5mm, and in S7, the compensation coefficient of the embedded parts is adjusted according to the test results, and the compensation coefficient K=1+0.00015×(H-3000), where H is the actual altitude.

[0031] Wind load protection is carried out when lifting the modules, and the interface is cleaned before negative pressure adsorption. During the plateau commissioning phase, the focus is on monitoring the stress relaxation of the connection nodes and adjusting the compensation coefficient in a timely manner.

[0032] This assembly method effectively solves various difficulties in building assembly in high-altitude areas through the coordination of modular prefabrication and on-site precise assembly: on the one hand, integrated module factory prefabrication ensures the accuracy of components and avoids the interference of the harsh plateau environment on on-site processing; on the other hand, the layered negative pressure adsorption process realizes the reliable compounding of heterogeneous insulation materials, overcoming the failure problem of traditional adhesives under low pressure and low temperature; on the other hand, the combination of the temperature adaptive connection system and the altitude compensation mechanism enables the structure to autonomously adjust to adapt to extreme temperature differences, and the comprehensive use effect is good.

[0033] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A composite thermal insulation floor structure for a high-altitude prefabricated building, comprising a load-bearing skeleton layer (1), a rigid base layer (2), an insulation layer (3) and a decorative surface layer (4), characterized in that: The thermal insulation layer (3) is composed of alternately stacked closed-cell extruded thermal insulation boards and nanoporous thermal insulation materials, and the two materials form an integral composite structure through negative pressure adsorption. A temperature-adaptive connection mechanism is provided between the load-bearing skeleton layer (1) and the rigid base layer (2), and an auxiliary anchor (7) is provided between the load-bearing skeleton layer (1) and the rigid base layer (2). The temperature adaptive connection mechanism comprises: A metal pre-embedded layer (5) having a thermo-induced deformation property, Reinforced anchor (6), The outer surface of the decorative surface layer (4) is provided with a composite coating having both ultraviolet reflection and impact resistance functions.

2. The high-altitude prefabricated building composite insulation floor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The closed-cell rate of the closed-cell extruded insulation board is greater than 90%, the nanoporous insulation material is aerogel felt, and the interface bonding strength formed by the negative pressure adsorption is not less than 0.15 MPa.

3. The high-altitude prefabricated building composite insulation floor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal pre-buried layer (5) with thermal deformation characteristics is a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the phase change temperature range of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy is -20°C to 30°C.

4. The high-altitude prefabricated building composite insulation floor structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The composite coating comprises a titanium dioxide reflective layer and a polyurea elastomer layer, wherein the solar radiation reflectivity of the titanium dioxide reflective layer is greater than 0.

8.

5. The high-altitude prefabricated building composite insulation floor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforced anchor (6) comprises a control portion (8) arranged at an end, and an expansion portion (9) arranged on the outside. By rotating the control portion (8), the expansion portion (9) on the outside of the reinforced anchor (6) moves and expands.

6. The high-altitude prefabricated building composite insulation floor structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control portion (8) comprises a storage chamber (81), a fixed plate (82), a push plate (83) and an adjusting rod (84); the storage chamber (81) is opened at the end of the reinforced anchor (6); the fixed plate (82) is fixedly sleeved in the storage chamber (81); the push plate (83) is movably sleeved in the storage chamber (81); the adjusting rod (84) is threadedly sleeved on the end of the fixed plate (82); and the inner end of the adjusting rod (84) is fixedly connected to the push plate (83).

7. The high-altitude prefabricated building composite insulation floor structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The expansion portion (9) includes a through hole (91), a side cavity (92), a side block (93), a spring (94) and a communication port (95). The through hole (91) is provided inside the reinforced anchor (6), and the through hole (91) is communicated with the storage cavity (81). The side cavity (92) is provided outside the reinforced anchor (6). The side block (93) is movably sleeved in the side cavity (92). One end of the spring (94) is fixed in the side cavity (92), and the other end of the spring (94) is fixedly connected to the side block (93). The communication port (95) is provided inside the reinforced anchor (6), and the side cavity (92) is communicated with the through hole (91) through the communication port (95).

8. The high-altitude prefabricated building composite insulation floor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An optical fiber sensor array is embedded in the thermal insulation layer (3) to monitor the stress and moisture content of the thermal insulation layer (3) in real time, and the monitoring data is wirelessly transmitted to the operation and maintenance platform.

9. A method for assembling a composite thermal insulation floor structure, applied to the composite thermal insulation floor structure of a high-altitude prefabricated building as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The following assembly steps are included: S1. An integrated module of a load-bearing skeleton layer (1) and a rigid base layer (2) prefabricated in a factory; S2. After the modules are hoisted into place on site, auxiliary anchors (7) are used to connect the modules; S3. Laying the insulation layer (3) in layers, each layer is fixed by negative pressure adsorption; S4. Monitor the ambient temperature before installing the temperature-adaptive connection system; S5. Calibrate the installation position of the reinforced anchor (6) using a positioning instrument; S6. Finally, conduct an air tightness test to ensure that the air leakage coefficient at the joints meets the standard; S7. Conduct plateau adaptation testing; Conduct working condition simulation tests at an altitude of 3000m or above.

10. The method for assembling a composite thermal insulation floor structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The vacuum degree of the negative pressure adsorption in step S3 is maintained at -0.06MPa to -0.08MPa, the positioning accuracy of the positioning instrument in step S5 is controlled within the range of ±1.5mm, and in step S7, the compensation coefficient of the embedded parts is adjusted according to the test results, and the compensation coefficient K=1+0.00015×(H-3000), where H is the actual altitude.

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