Self-adaptive closed-loop control system and method for indoor low-concentration ozone dynamic disinfection

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive closed-loop control system and method for indoor low-concentration ozone dynamic disinfection, and relates to the technical field of ozone disinfection. The self-adaptive closed-loop control system comprises an ozone concentration sensor module, a control unit, a safety decision module, an execution module, an ozone generator and a turbofan. According to the self-adaptive closed-loop control system and method for indoor low-concentration ozone dynamic disinfection, a safe and efficient disinfection process is realized through closed-loop control and a self-adaptive algorithm. And the device is used in disinfection products containing ozone components in disinfection factors, is suitable for cabin environments such as hospitals, laboratories, office places and the like in which people move, and can realize continuous dynamic disinfection while ensuring personnel safety (maintaining the ozone concentration to be less than or equal to 0.1 ppm). And double-objective optimization of virus inactivation efficiency-human body exposure safety is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ozone disinfection, and in particular to an adaptive closed-loop control system and method for indoor low-concentration ozone dynamic disinfection. Background Art

[0002] Low-concentration ozone disinfection equipment uses low-concentration ozone (O3) for sterilization and disinfection. Ozone is a strong oxidant that effectively kills microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi, while also breaking down organic matter and odors. It is widely used in water treatment, air purification, food processing, and medical applications.

[0003] Pain points of existing technologies

[0004] Static control defects: Traditional ozone disinfection equipment relies on fixed concentration output or preset timing mode (such as CN113499735A), and cannot respond to dynamic interference such as human activities and ventilation changes in semi-enclosed rooms, resulting in real-time monitoring and adaptive adjustment of disinfection failure conditions such as excessive ozone concentration (harmful to health) or insufficient disinfection factors.

[0005] Insufficient sensor reliability: Ozone sensors are prone to misjudgment due to drift or failure, and lack redundant verification mechanisms and post-failure safety measures. This can lead to excessive ozone concentrations released by uncontrolled disinfection factors, endangering the health of people in the cabin or losing the disinfection ability.

[0006] Rigid control algorithm: The existing closed-loop control (such as PID algorithm) has fixed parameters and is difficult to adapt to the ozone diffusion and reduction characteristics under different environments.

[0007] Due to the high ozone concentration around the disinfection product, it is impossible to integrate the ozone sensor with the ozone disinfection equipment, resulting in the product itself being unable to have closed-loop adaptive control capabilities.

[0008] The intelligent operation of the product is completely dependent on the intelligent control cloud platform, lacks its own independence, and cannot achieve closed-loop adaptive identification control functions. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In response to the deficiencies of the existing technology, the present invention provides an adaptive closed-loop control system and method for indoor low-concentration ozone dynamic disinfection, which solves the stability and safety problems of low-concentration ozone dynamic disinfection using ozone component disinfection factors.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an adaptive closed-loop control system for indoor low-concentration ozone dynamic disinfection, including an ozone concentration sensor module, a control unit, a safety decision module, an execution module, an ozone generator and a turbofan:

[0011] Ozone concentration sensor module: deployed at the air inlet of the equipment, used to collect indoor ozone concentration data in real time and eliminate outliers using the median algorithm;

[0012] Control unit: Built-in adaptive fuzzy PID hybrid algorithm, dynamically adjusts PID control parameters according to ozone concentration deviation value, deviation change rate and environmental parameters;

[0013] The control unit also includes a sensor self-test module to periodically check the consistency of the sensor;

[0014] Safety decision module: used to respond to ozone concentration exceeding the standard in a graded manner. When the ozone concentration is ≥0.12ppm, the ozone generator is immediately shut down and the catalytic decomposition module is activated. When the ozone concentration is ≤0.08ppm, the ozone generator is restarted.

[0015] In addition, when the ozone concentration sensor module reading deviates from the median by more than 10%, the safety decision module will make a judgment, switch to the backup sensor and trigger an alarm;

[0016] The output power range of the ozone generator is 10%-100%;

[0017] The turbo fan is stopped for 30 seconds after the ozone generator is turned off to ensure that the residual ozone is diffused.

[0018] Preferably, the ozone concentration sensor module further comprises:

[0019] Temperature and humidity compensation unit: Corrects the ozone concentration measurement value based on real-time temperature and humidity data. The compensation formula is:

[0020] C corrected = C original × (1 + 0.02 × (T-25) - 0.005 × (RH-50))

[0021] Where T is temperature and RH is relative humidity;

[0022] Dynamic sampling frequency: The data is collected every 10 seconds when no one is active, and switches to every 2 seconds when human movement is detected.

[0023] Preferably, the fuzzy rule base includes the following mapping relationship:

[0024]

[0025] Preferably, the hierarchical response of the security decision module includes:

[0026] Level 1 response: When the ozone concentration is ≥ 0.12ppm for 5 seconds, the ozone generator will be turned off and the sound and light alarm will be activated;

[0027] Secondary response: When the ozone concentration is ≥0.15ppm, the catalytic decomposition module and enhanced ventilation mode are activated simultaneously;

[0028] Fault recovery: After the concentration drops below 0.08ppm and the sensor self-test is normal, the ozone generator will be restarted after a delay of 3 minutes.

[0029] Preferably, the delay control logic of the turbofan is:

[0030] When the ozone generator is turned on, the fan starts immediately and runs at full speed;

[0031] When the ozone generator is turned off, the fan will continue to run at 50% speed for 30 seconds and then stop;

[0032] If a person enters, the fan speed is increased to 80% to accelerate the diffusion of ozone.

[0033] The present invention also discloses a method for an adaptive closed-loop control system for indoor low-concentration ozone dynamic disinfection, comprising the following steps:

[0034] 1. Collect real-time concentration data through the ozone concentration sensor module, and calculate the median concentration after removing outliers;

[0035] 2. The control unit compares the median concentration with the target concentration and calculates the concentration deviation value and deviation change rate;

[0036] 3. Dynamically adjust PID parameters based on fuzzy rule base:

[0037] If e>0.05ppm and ec>0, increase the proportional coefficient Kp and reduce the integral time Ti;

[0038] If e<0 and ec<0, reduce the differential coefficient Kd and increase the integral time Ti;

[0039] 4. The execution module controls the output power of the ozone generator according to the adjusted PID parameters, maintains the ozone concentration in the range of 0.08-0.12ppm, and drives the turbo fan;

[0040] 5. When the safety decision module determines that the concentration is ≥0.12ppm, the ozone generator is forced to shut down and catalytic decomposition is activated. When the concentration is ≤0.08ppm, the ozone generator is restarted.

[0041] The present invention provides an adaptive closed-loop control system and method for dynamic indoor low-concentration ozone disinfection. Compared with the existing technology, it has the following advantages:

[0042] This adaptive closed-loop control system and method for indoor low-concentration ozone dynamic disinfection can continuously maintain ozone concentration within national safety standards, continuously suppress bacterial and viral infection rates in dynamic environments, fill the gaps in intermittent disinfection, and reduce energy consumption by 40% compared to traditional ozone disinfection equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the control method of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a relationship diagram between the fuzzy rule base and PID parameter adjustment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure comparison of the present invention.

[0048] In the figure: 1. Ozone concentration sensor module; 2. Control unit; 3. Safety decision module; 4. Execution module; 5. Ozone generator; 6. Turbofan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] See also Figure 1 and 3 -4. The embodiment of the present invention provides a technical solution: an adaptive closed-loop control system for indoor low-concentration ozone dynamic disinfection, comprising an ozone concentration sensor module 1, a control unit 2, a safety decision module 3, an execution module 4, an ozone generator 5 and a turbofan 6, wherein the ozone generator 5 is also an ozone generator:

[0051] The control unit 2, safety decision module 3, and execution module 4 are integrated on the main control board, and the equipment composition is as follows: Figure 4 The shapes and components of other external shells are shown in the figure and will not be described in detail.

[0052] Ozone concentration sensor module 1: Deployed at the air inlet of the equipment, it is used to collect indoor ozone concentration data in real time and eliminate outliers using the median algorithm;

[0053] Control unit 2: Built-in adaptive fuzzy PID hybrid algorithm, dynamically adjusts PID control parameters (Kp, Ki, Kd) according to the ozone concentration deviation value (e), deviation change rate (ec) and environmental parameters. Control unit 2 also includes a sensor self-test module to periodically check sensor consistency.

[0054] Safety Decision Module 3: Used to respond to ozone concentration exceeding the standard in a graded manner. When the ozone concentration is ≥0.12ppm, the ozone generator is immediately shut down and the catalytic decomposition module is activated. When the ozone concentration is ≤0.08ppm, the ozone generator is restarted.

[0055] In addition, when the sensor self-test module monitors that the reading of the ozone concentration sensor module 1 deviates from the median by more than 10%, the safety decision module 3 makes a judgment, switches to the backup sensor and triggers an alarm.

[0056] The output power range of the ozone generator 5 is 10%-100%, and the turbo fan 6 stops for 30 seconds after the ozone generator 5 is turned off to ensure the diffusion of residual ozone.

[0057] Furthermore, the ozone concentration sensor module 1 further comprises:

[0058] Temperature and humidity compensation unit (i.e. temperature and humidity sensor): corrects the ozone concentration measurement value based on real-time temperature and humidity data. The compensation formula is:

[0059] C corrected = C original × (1 + 0.02 × (T-25) - 0.005 × (RH-50))

[0060] Where, T is temperature (°C), RH is relative humidity (%);

[0061] Dynamic sampling frequency: The data is collected every 10 seconds when no one is active, and switches to every 2 seconds when human movement is detected.

[0062] Furthermore, the fuzzy rule base includes the following mapping relationships:

[0063]

[0064] See also Figure 2-3 , a method for an adaptive closed-loop control system for indoor low-concentration ozone dynamic disinfection, comprising the following steps;

[0065] Ozone concentration sensor module 1

[0066] Function: Collect ambient ozone concentration data in real time to ensure measurement accuracy and reliability.

[0067] Operating mechanism:

[0068] The ozone sensors at the air inlet of the equipment (main sensor + dual backup) use the median algorithm to calculate the effective concentration value in real time to avoid single point failure or drift error.

[0069] Environmental parameter compensation: Environmental data is collected using temperature and humidity sensors. The ozone concentration measurement is corrected using the formula Ccorrect = Coriginal × (1 + 0.02 × (T-25) - 0.005 × (RH-50)) to eliminate the effects of temperature and humidity on sensor accuracy.

[0070] It also includes a dynamic sampling frequency module: when no one is active, data is collected every 10 seconds; when human movement is detected (infrared sensor triggered), it switches to a high-frequency sampling of every 2 seconds to improve response speed.

[0071] Control Unit 2

[0072] Function: Process sensor data and generate control instructions through adaptive algorithms.

[0073] Operating mechanism:

[0074] The corrected ozone concentration Ccorrected was compared with the target concentration (0.1 ppm) and the real-time deviation e=Ctarget-Ccorrected was calculated.

[0075] Calculate the deviation change rate by difference method Used to determine the increasing or decreasing trend of concentration.

[0076] Dynamic adjustment of fuzzy PID parameters

[0077] Fuzzy input: Map the deviation e and the rate of change ec into fuzzy linguistic variables (for example: negative large, negative small, zero, positive small, positive large).

[0078] Rule base matching: Dynamically adjust PID parameters according to preset fuzzy rules (see Table 1 for example rules).

[0079]

[0080] Defuzzification output: convert the fuzzy control quantity into accurate PID parameter adjustment quantity (such as Kp increase by 20%, Ti decrease by 30%).

[0081] Security Decision Module 3

[0082] Function: Monitor system status and trigger security protection actions in different levels.

[0083] Operating mechanism:

[0084] Threshold determination:

[0085] Level 1 alert: When C correction ≥ 0.12ppm for 5 seconds, it is determined that the concentration exceeds the standard;

[0086] Level 2 Alert: When C calibration ≥ 0.15ppm or sensor consistency check fails, it is determined to be a system failure.

[0087] Graded Response:

[0088] Level 1 response: immediately shut down the ozone generator 5 and activate the sound and light alarm (85dB buzzer + red LED flashing);

[0089] Secondary response: Activate the catalytic decomposition module (such as the MnO2 catalyst layer) and simultaneously increase the speed of turbofan 6 to 100% to force ozone dilution;

[0090] Fault recovery: After the concentration drops below 0.08ppm and the sensor passes the self-test, the system restarts after a delay of 180 seconds.

[0091] Sensor self-test:

[0092] The three sensor readings are compared periodically (every 10 minutes). If a sensor deviates from the median by more than 10%, it is marked as a fault and switched to the backup sensor.

[0093] Execution Module 4

[0094] Function: Receive control instructions and drive the ozone generator 5 and turbo fan 6 to operate.

[0095] Operating mechanism:

[0096] Instruction analysis: converting the power instruction (such as "70% power") output by the control unit 2 into a PWM control signal (duty cycle 70%) of the ozone generator 5.

[0097] Status feedback: real-time monitoring of the ozone generator 5 operating current and turbofan speed, and feedback to the control unit 2 to form a closed loop (e.g., fault code E01 is triggered when current anomaly is detected).

[0098] Ozone generator 5

[0099] Function: Generates ozone gas of controllable concentration.

[0100] The ozone generator 5 uses dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) to generate cold plasma, and then generates ozone, and generates cold plasma under normal pressure. It consists of a high-voltage electrode, an insulating medium and a spiral electrode. The electrode is made of an alloy material, has good electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance, and can work stably under high-voltage environment. The working electrode adopts a spiral design. This shape of electrode design can produce a more uniform electric field distribution in a smaller space, which is conducive to improving the efficiency and uniformity of plasma generation, and has good heat dissipation. The insulating medium is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (or quartz, ceramic), which has high insulation performance and good heat resistance. It can effectively prevent short circuits between electrodes and ensure the safe operation of the device. After applying high-frequency high-voltage alternating current output by the power supply system between the electrodes, the gas medium is broken down, forming a micro-discharge channel, and then generating cold plasma.

[0101] The process is as follows:

[0102] High-voltage electrodes + spiral electrodes generate a strong electric field, which ionizes the gas (usually air or pure oxygen) to form a cold plasma. Then, polytetrafluoroethylene (or quartz, ceramic) insulating medium prevents the electrodes from short-circuiting and optimizes the discharge uniformity. Finally, high-frequency and high-voltage alternating current promotes gas breakdown, forming micro-discharge channels and ultimately generating ozone.

[0103] Power Regulation:

[0104] The control unit outputs a 0-10V voltage signal to linearly adjust the discharge intensity (10% power corresponds to 1V, 100% corresponds to 10V);

[0105] Dynamic response: Response time from 10% to 90% power is less than 3 seconds.

[0106] Safety protection: Built-in overcurrent protection circuit, automatically power off when the current exceeds 2A.

[0107] Turbofan 6

[0108] Function: Control ozone diffusion speed and help maintain concentration balance.

[0109] Operating mechanism:

[0110] Collaborative control logic:

[0111] When the ozone generator 5 is turned on: the fan immediately runs at 100% speed (3000 rpm) to accelerate the diffusion of ozone from the air outlet to the room;

[0112] When the ozone generator 5 is turned off: the fan speed is reduced to 50% and kept running for 30 seconds to prevent local ozone accumulation;

[0113] When people enter: triggered by infrared signals, the fan speed increases to 80% (2400rpm), enhancing air flow and diluting ozone.

[0114] Delayed shutdown: After the shutdown command is issued, the fan continues to run until the residual ozone concentration drops below 0.06ppm.

[0115] Module interaction and closed-loop control process

[0116] Data flow:

[0117] Ozone concentration sensor module 1 → control unit 2 (transmits correction concentration value);

[0118] Control unit 2 → safety decision module 3 (sends concentration status code);

[0119] Safety decision module 3 → execution module 4 - ozone generator 5 and turbo fan (6) (sends power on / off instructions, fan speed instructions).

[0120] Control Flow:

[0121] When the concentration deviation e=+0.05ppm (actual measurement 0.15ppm) is detected:

[0122] Control unit 2 calculates that the power needs to be reduced to 20%;

[0123] The safety decision module 3 simultaneously triggers a first-level response and shuts down the ozone generator 5;

[0124] The execution module 4 starts the turbo fan 6 to delay shutdown to ensure that the concentration drops.

[0125] Fault recovery process:

[0126] Ozone concentration sensor module 1 fails → safety decision module 3 switches to the backup sensor → control unit 2 reinitializes PID parameters → execution module 4 adjusts power according to the new data.

[0127] Example Operation Effect (Hospital Ward Scene)

[0128] Initial disinfection stage: 30m 3 In the ward, the system operated at 60% power, and the ozone concentration increased from 0.02ppm to 0.1ppm within 25 minutes (temperature and humidity 25℃ / 50%).

[0129] Personnel entry response: After the medical staff enters, the infrared sensor is triggered, the power is reduced to 30%, and the concentration fluctuation is maintained at 0.09~0.10ppm.

[0130] Sudden ventilation disturbance: Opening a window caused the concentration to drop sharply to 0.07 ppm. The system increased the power to 75% within 2 minutes to restore it to 0.1 ppm.

[0131] Fault tolerance test: The main sensor drifted 0.15ppm (actual concentration 0.10ppm), the system switched to the backup sensor and alarmed, and no shutdown was triggered by mistake.

[0132] Experimental data (Table 1):

[0133]

[0134]

[0135] This invention achieves a safe and efficient disinfection process through closed-loop control and adaptive algorithms. It can be used inside disinfection products containing ozone as a disinfectant. It is suitable for use in human environments such as hospitals, laboratories, and offices. It provides continuous dynamic disinfection while ensuring personnel safety (maintaining ozone concentration ≤ 0.1 ppm). This achieves the dual optimization objectives of viral inactivation efficiency and human exposure safety.

[0136] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0137] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An adaptive closed-loop control system for indoor low-concentration ozone dynamic disinfection, characterized by: It comprises an ozone concentration sensor module (1), a control unit (2), a safety decision module (3), an execution module (4), an ozone generator (5) and a turbo fan (6); The control unit (2) has a built-in fuzzy PID hybrid algorithm, dynamically adjusts the control parameters according to the ozone concentration deviation value and environmental parameters, and performs reliability self-test on (1); The safety decision module (3) is used to monitor whether the concentration exceeds the standard, and to turn off the ozone generator (5) when the concentration exceeds the standard, and to turn on the ozone generator (5) when the concentration decreases; The execution module (4) is used to adjust the output of the ozone generator (5) to maintain the equilibrium state at 0.1 ppm, and to adjust the delay time of turning on and off the turbo fan (6) according to different states.

2. The adaptive closed-loop control system for indoor low-concentration ozone dynamic disinfection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ozone concentration sensor module (1) is placed at the air inlet of the equipment and is used to collect the ozone concentration in the indoor air.

3. The adaptive closed-loop control system for indoor low-concentration ozone dynamic disinfection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ozone concentration sensor module (1) further comprises a temperature and humidity compensation unit for correcting the ozone concentration measurement value according to real-time temperature and humidity data.

4. The adaptive closed-loop control system for indoor low-concentration ozone dynamic disinfection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit (2) also includes a sensor self-check module for periodically checking sensor consistency.

5. A method for an adaptive closed-loop control system for indoor low-concentration ozone dynamic disinfection according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Real-time monitoring of indoor ozone concentration; S2: Calculate the deviation of the indoor average concentration through the adaptive algorithm; S3: Dynamically adjust the release of disinfection factors to maintain indoor ozone balance; S4: When the concentration exceeds the standard, the redundant safety mechanism is activated.

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