Solar photovoltaic power generation system

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar photovoltaic power generation system, which is applied to the technical field of a base station power supply system, and comprises a photovoltaic power generation module used for converting solar energy into electric energy to supply power to a base station, and storing redundant electric energy to an energy storage module when the photovoltaic power generation amount is greater than the load power consumption of the base station; the energy storage module is used for releasing electric energy to supply power to the base station when the illumination generating capacity is smaller than the load electricity consumption of the base station; the intelligent control module is used for calculating the maximum power point of the photovoltaic power generation module under the current illumination condition based on a maximum power point tracking algorithm, controlling the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module to enable the photovoltaic power generation module to output the maximum power, and outputting the maximum power based on the load demand of the base station and the photovoltaic power generation data; and on the basis of the residual electric quantity of the energy storage module and the voltage and current during charging and discharging, the energy storage module is prevented from being overcharged and overdischarged. According to the invention, long-term efficient and stable operation of the solar photovoltaic power generation system is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of base station power supply systems, and in particular to a solar photovoltaic power generation system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of 5G technology, 5G base stations are being deployed on a large scale worldwide. With their high speed, low latency, and large capacity, 5G networks have significantly boosted advancements in areas such as the intelligent Internet of Things, the Industrial Internet, and high-definition video, bringing profound changes to people's lives and industrial development. However, this has also led to a significant increase in energy consumption for 5G base stations. 5G base stations utilize advanced technologies such as massive MIMO, resulting in significantly higher energy consumption than traditional 4G base stations. This not only places a heavy electricity bill burden on operators but also places higher demands on power supply infrastructure, exacerbating tensions between energy supply and demand.

[0003] Against this backdrop, finding efficient and sustainable energy solutions has become a top priority. Solar photovoltaic power generation, as a clean, renewable energy technology, is increasingly becoming an important solution to addressing the energy consumption challenges of 5G base stations. The application of solar photovoltaic power generation systems in 5G base stations has multiple significant implications. From an environmental perspective, solar photovoltaic power generation does not produce greenhouse gas emissions or other environmental pollution during operation. It can effectively reduce 5G base stations' reliance on traditional fossil fuels, helping the communications industry achieve green and low-carbon development and contributing to addressing global climate change. From an economic perspective, utilizing solar photovoltaic power generation can lower the electricity costs of 5G base stations and reduce operators' operating expenses. In areas with abundant sunlight, the electricity generated by solar photovoltaic systems can essentially meet some or all of a 5G base station's daytime power needs, significantly reducing reliance on utility electricity and saving on electricity bills. Furthermore, with the continuous advancement of solar photovoltaic technology and the gradual reduction in costs, the return on investment of photovoltaic power generation systems continues to increase, offering excellent economic benefits.

[0004] However, although solar photovoltaic power generation systems can effectively solve the high energy consumption problem of 5G base stations, they lack intelligent management that can enable them to maintain long-term efficient, stable and normal operation. This has, to a certain extent, affected the development of solar photovoltaic power generation systems in the field of 5G base station power supply. Specifically, traditional solar photovoltaic power generation systems mainly collect data by setting corresponding sensors at key locations of each component, and then upload the data to a remote monitoring terminal. The staff then monitors the system for abnormal operation. This monitoring method of abnormal state behavior of the system is not only subjectively affected by the staff, but also inefficient. It cannot timely and effectively identify and resolve abnormal state behavior of the system, resulting in a significant impact on the power supply efficiency of the solar photovoltaic power generation system, and even causing a temporary power outage. Although the current solar photovoltaic power generation system is further equipped with over-voltage and over-current protection systems, it is far from sufficient to achieve intelligent management for the long-term efficient, stable and normal operation of the solar photovoltaic power generation system.

[0005] To this end, how to provide a solar photovoltaic power generation system that can maintain long-term high-efficiency, stable and normal operation and promote the development of solar photovoltaic power generation systems in the field of 5G base station power supply is an urgent problem that technical personnel in this field need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention proposes a solar photovoltaic power generation system.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A solar photovoltaic power generation system includes: a photovoltaic power generation module, an energy storage module, a data acquisition module and an intelligent control module;

[0009] Photovoltaic power generation module, used to convert solar energy into electricity to power the base station, and when the photovoltaic power generation is greater than the base station load power consumption, the excess electricity is stored in the energy storage module;

[0010] The energy storage module is used to release electricity to power the base station when the amount of solar power generation is less than the power consumption of the base station load;

[0011] The data acquisition module is used to collect real-time data on the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module, the load demand of the base station, the photovoltaic power generation data, the remaining power of the energy storage module, and the voltage and current of the energy storage module during charging and discharging;

[0012] The intelligent control module is used to calculate the maximum power point of the photovoltaic power generation module under the current lighting conditions based on the maximum power point tracking algorithm, and control the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module to enable the photovoltaic power generation module to output maximum power. Based on the load demand and photovoltaic power generation data of the base station, it controls the charging and discharging of the energy storage module, and based on the remaining power of the energy storage module and the voltage and current of the energy storage module during charging and discharging, avoid overcharging and over-discharging of the energy storage module.

[0013] Optionally, the maximum power point of the photovoltaic power generation module under current illumination conditions is calculated based on a maximum power point tracking algorithm, and the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module are controlled so that the photovoltaic power generation module outputs maximum power, specifically:

[0014] By adjusting the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter, the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module are controlled so that the photovoltaic power generation module finally operates near the maximum power output point and outputs the maximum power.

[0015] Optionally, it also includes: a power distribution module, which is used to reasonably distribute the electric energy output by the solar photovoltaic power generation system based on the power size and power consumption characteristics of the base station equipment through internal circuit design and switch control to ensure that each device has a stable and appropriate power supply.

[0016] Optionally, it also includes: a redundant design module, which is used to add a certain number of system modules to ensure that the entire system can still maintain normal operation when a module fails.

[0017] Optionally, it also includes: a data upload module, which is used to upload the system module data collected by the intelligent control module, the control data for intelligent control based on the system module data, the power distribution data of the distribution module, and the fault control data of the redundant design module to the remote monitoring terminal.

[0018] Optionally, it also includes: an alarm module, which is used to preliminarily determine the cause of the fault based on the problems monitored by the intelligent control module and the corresponding data collected by the data acquisition module using a pre-built neural network-based fault analysis model, and to send an alarm to the remote monitoring terminal.

[0019] Optionally, it also includes: an early warning module, which is used to predict the remaining life of the system module based on the system module data collected by the data acquisition module, using a life prediction model constructed based on time series data training, and to issue an early warning to the remote monitoring terminal when the remaining life is less than a preset threshold.

[0020] Optionally, it also includes: a lightning protection module arranged on the power supply line and signal line of the system, which is used to quickly discharge and limit the overvoltage and overcurrent generated by lightning strikes based on overvoltage protection technology.

[0021] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the present invention proposes a solar photovoltaic power generation system. This invention achieves long-term, efficient, stable, and normal operation of the solar photovoltaic power generation system by proposing an intelligent control module based on a maximum power point tracking algorithm to control the photovoltaic power generation module to always output maximum power and effectively monitor overcharging and over-discharging of the energy storage module. Furthermore, the present invention also proposes a power distribution module that rationally distributes the electrical energy output by the solar photovoltaic power generation system based on the power size and power consumption characteristics of the base station equipment through internal circuit design and switch control, ensuring that each device receives a stable and appropriate power supply; a redundant design module that ensures the stable operation of 5G base stations in various complex environments and provides reliable energy security for the normal operation of the 5G communication network; a lightning protection module that effectively reduces the risk of damage to the solar photovoltaic power generation system caused by lightning strikes and improves the safety of system operation; and a data upload, alarm, and early warning module that helps personnel understand the system operation status anytime and anywhere, preliminarily analyzes the causes of related failures based on a neural network model, and predicts the life of system components in advance using a time series prediction model. These modules effectively improve the operational stability and efficiency of the solar photovoltaic power generation system, further ensuring the long-term, efficient, stable, and normal operation of the solar photovoltaic power generation system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1:

[0026] Embodiment 1 of the present invention discloses a solar photovoltaic power generation system, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: photovoltaic power generation module, energy storage module, data acquisition module and intelligent control module.

[0027] The photovoltaic power generation module is used to convert solar energy into electricity to power the base station, and when the photovoltaic power generation is greater than the base station load power consumption, the excess electricity is stored in the energy storage module.

[0028] Photovoltaic panels are the core component of photovoltaic power generation modules. Their operating principle is based on the photovoltaic effect. When sunlight strikes a photovoltaic panel, photons interact with the semiconductor material within the panel, converting solar energy directly into electricity. Array concentrators play a key role in converging the output current of multiple photovoltaic panels within a photovoltaic power generation module. By combining multiple photovoltaic panels in series and parallel to form a photovoltaic array, the number and complexity of cables used are reduced, line losses and failure points are minimized, and system stability and reliability are effectively improved.

[0029] The energy storage module is used to release electricity to power the base station when the amount of solar power generation is less than the power consumption of the base station load.

[0030] As the core component of the energy storage module, the choice of battery type directly affects the performance, cost and reliability of the system. It mainly includes lead-acid batteries and lithium-ion batteries, which have significant differences in performance, cost, environmental protection and other aspects. In the present invention, the appropriate battery type can be selected according to the needs and conditions of the 5G base station. For some base stations with high cost requirements, relatively sufficient space, and not particularly strict requirements on battery performance, lead-acid batteries can still be used as an option in the short term. However, from the perspective of long-term development and sustainability, as the cost of lithium-ion batteries continues to decrease and their performance continues to improve, their application prospects in the field of 5G base station energy storage will be broader. Some newly built 5G base station projects have begun to adopt lithium-ion batteries on a large scale, especially lithium iron phosphate batteries. They have outstanding comprehensive performance and excel in energy density, safety, heat dissipation and ease of integration. They are gradually becoming the mainstream choice for 5G base station energy storage.

[0031] The selection of battery capacity is also crucial, as it directly impacts the system's ability to provide stable and continuous power support to the 5G base station during periods of low sunlight or utility power outages. When calculating the capacity of the energy storage module, multiple factors must be considered, including the 5G base station's load requirements, sunlight conditions, and the system's backup time requirements. Specifically, the 5G base station's load requirements form the basis for determining the energy storage module's capacity. First, it is necessary to accurately calculate the power consumption of all equipment within the 5G base station, including the AAU (active antenna unit), DU (distributed unit), CU (central unit), and supporting transmission and monitoring equipment. 5G base station equipment power consumption varies across models and configurations. Generally speaking, the average power consumption per tenant of a medium-sized 5G outdoor base station is approximately 3.8-4kW. When calculating power, both peak and average power must be considered to ensure the energy storage module can meet the base station's power requirements under various operating conditions. Assuming a 5G base station has a total load power of 4kW, this means that the energy storage module must continuously provide at least 4kW of power during its operation to ensure normal operation of the base station equipment.

[0032] Sunlight conditions are a key factor influencing the capacity of energy storage modules. Sunshine duration and intensity vary across regions, directly determining the power generation capacity of solar photovoltaic systems. In areas with ample sunshine, annual sunshine hours can reach over 3,000 hours, allowing solar photovoltaic systems to generate significant daytime energy, and the capacity of energy storage modules can be relatively small. In contrast, in areas with insufficient sunshine, such as the rainy southern regions, annual sunshine hours may be only 1,500-2,000 hours. With relatively low photovoltaic power generation capacity, larger energy storage modules are required to store energy to meet the power needs of base stations at night or during inclement weather. Sunshine information can be obtained from local meteorological data and solar resource assessment reports. Combined with the performance parameters of solar photovoltaic modules, the power generation capacity of a photovoltaic system during different time periods can be calculated. Assuming an average sunshine duration of 5 hours per day in a given area and a peak power of 300W for the selected photovoltaic modules, the daily power generation capacity of these modules is approximately 300W x 5h = 1,500Wh (watt-hours).

[0033] The system's backup time requirement is also a key parameter for calculating the capacity of the energy storage module. Backup time refers to the length of time the energy storage module can provide power to the 5G base station in the absence of photovoltaic power generation and mains power supply. Generally speaking, the backup time required by a 5G base station ranges from 8 to 24 hours, and the specific duration depends on factors such as the importance of the base station, its geographical location, and the reliability of the local mains power supply. For some important core base stations or base stations located in remote areas with unstable mains power supply, a longer backup time is usually required to ensure the uninterrupted operation of the communication network. Assuming that the backup time required for a 5G base station is 12 hours and the load power is 4kW, the required energy storage capacity is 4kW×12h=48kWh (kilowatt-hours).

[0034] In actual calculations, factors such as the energy storage module's charge and discharge efficiency, battery aging losses, and safety margins must also be considered. The charge and discharge efficiency of energy storage modules is generally around 80%-90%, which means there will be some energy loss during the charging and discharging process. Assuming an 85% charge and discharge efficiency, the actual required energy storage capacity is 48kWh ÷ 85% = 56.5kWh. Batteries gradually age over time, and their capacity decreases, typically at an annual rate of about 2%-5%. To ensure that the energy storage module can meet the base station's power needs throughout its service life, it is necessary to account for aging losses and appropriately increase the energy storage capacity. A 10%-20% safety margin is typically reserved to account for emergencies and unforeseen circumstances. After considering these factors, the final energy storage module capacity may be larger than the theoretically calculated value.

[0035] The data acquisition module is used to collect in real time the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module, the load demand of the base station, the photovoltaic power generation data, the remaining power of the energy storage module, and the voltage and current of the energy storage module during charging and discharging.

[0036] The intelligent control module is used to calculate the maximum power point of the photovoltaic power generation module under the current lighting conditions based on the maximum power point tracking algorithm, and control the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module to enable the photovoltaic power generation module to output maximum power. Based on the load demand and photovoltaic power generation data of the base station, it controls the charging and discharging of the energy storage module, and based on the remaining power of the energy storage module and the voltage and current of the energy storage module during charging and discharging, avoid overcharging and over-discharging of the energy storage module.

[0037] The maximum power point tracking algorithm is used to calculate the maximum power point of the photovoltaic power generation module under the current illumination conditions, and the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module are controlled so that the photovoltaic power generation module outputs the maximum power. Specifically:

[0038] By adjusting the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter, the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module are controlled, ensuring that the photovoltaic power generation module always operates near the maximum power output point and outputs maximum power. As light intensity gradually increases in the morning, the MPPT algorithm automatically adjusts the operating state of the photovoltaic module to increase its output power. In the evening, when light intensity decreases, the operating point is adjusted in a timely manner to ensure that the photovoltaic module can still output as much power as possible under low light conditions. This intelligent control method can significantly improve the utilization efficiency of solar energy, increase the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system, and extend the service life of the energy storage module.

[0039] During the charging process, the intelligent control module will also adopt appropriate charging modes according to the type and characteristics of the battery, such as constant current charging, constant voltage charging, etc., to ensure that the battery can be charged safely and efficiently and extend the battery life.

[0040] It also includes: a power distribution module, which is used to reasonably distribute the electric energy output by the solar photovoltaic power generation system based on the power size and power consumption characteristics of the base station equipment through internal circuit design and switch control to ensure that each device obtains a stable and appropriate power supply.

[0041] In 5G base stations, different devices have varying power requirements. The active antenna unit (AAU) requires high-power AC power to power its RF transmission and signal reception functions, typically around 1-2kW. The distributed unit (DU) and central unit (CU) are primarily responsible for data processing and control, requiring high power stability and purity. Their power consumption is relatively low, typically ranging from a few hundred watts to 1kW. Supporting transmission equipment, monitoring devices, and other devices also have varying power requirements. The power distribution module, through internal circuit design and switch control, distributes the power output of the solar photovoltaic system or mains electricity to the various devices according to their needs. It adjusts the output current and voltage based on the device's power consumption and power characteristics, ensuring that each device receives a stable and appropriate power supply. For high-power devices like the AAU, the power distribution module provides sufficient current and appropriate voltage to ensure normal operation. For the DU and CU, which require higher power quality, the power distribution module filters and stabilizes the power, removing voltage fluctuations and noise to provide a clean, stable power supply.

[0042] It also includes: a redundant design module, which is used to add a certain number of system modules to ensure that the entire system can still maintain normal operation when a module fails.

[0043] For example, in the design of a photovoltaic power generation module, in addition to configuring PV panels according to normal power requirements, a certain number of additional PV panels are added as redundant backups. These redundant panels work together normally. If some components fail due to failure, aging, or shadowing, the redundant panels automatically take over to compensate for the power loss and ensure that the PV array's output power meets system requirements. For example, a 5G base station's PV array consists of 100 PV panels. To improve reliability, 10 additional redundant panels are configured. If five of these panels fail, the redundant panels can promptly replenish power, ensuring that the total output power of the PV array is largely unaffected, thus ensuring normal power supply to the 5G base station. This redundant connection effectively reduces the risk of system power shortages due to PV panel failures, thereby improving system stability and reliability.

[0044] Redundant communication lines are also employed to ensure stable data transmission. Multiple communication links are typically used for data transmission between the intelligent control module and each component module. If the primary communication link fails, a backup link automatically switches to take over data transmission, ensuring uninterrupted communication between the intelligent control module and each component module. When using the RS485 bus for data transmission, two RS485 buses can be deployed simultaneously as redundant links. If one bus experiences signal interference, line damage, or other failures, the other bus can be immediately deployed, ensuring that the intelligent control module can obtain real-time operating data from each component module and issue control commands promptly, enabling effective system monitoring and management. This redundant communication line design improves the system's fault tolerance to communication failures and ensures normal system operation.

[0045] The application of redundant design in solar photovoltaic power generation systems can significantly improve the reliability and stability of the system, reduce the risk of system paralysis due to component failure or communication failure, ensure the stable operation of 5G base stations in various complex environments, and provide reliable energy guarantee for the normal operation of 5G communication networks.

[0046] It also includes: a data upload module, which is used to upload the system module data collected by the intelligent control module, the control data for intelligent control based on the system module data, the power distribution data of the distribution module, and the fault control data performed by the redundant design module to the remote monitoring terminal, so as to provide intuitive and accurate system operation information for operation and maintenance personnel. Operation and maintenance personnel can monitor and manage the system anytime and anywhere through the Internet or mobile network, realize remote fault diagnosis, parameter adjustment and equipment control and other operations, and solve existing fault problems in a timely manner. Through the combination of system intelligent control and manual monitoring, the long-term efficient, stable and normal operation of the solar photovoltaic power generation system is guaranteed.

[0047] It also includes: an alarm module, which is used to preliminarily determine the cause of the fault based on the problems detected by the intelligent control module and the corresponding data collected by the data acquisition module using a pre-built neural network-based fault analysis model, such as a convolutional neural network model, a recurrent neural network model, etc., and to send an alarm to the remote monitoring terminal to help staff know and determine the preliminary cause of the fault in a timely manner, so as to solve the fault problem in time and ensure the long-term efficient, stable and normal operation of the solar photovoltaic power generation system.

[0048] It also includes: an early warning module, which is used to predict the remaining life of the system module based on the system module data collected by the data acquisition module, using a life prediction model constructed based on time series data training, such as a long short-term memory network model (LSTM), and send an early warning to the remote monitoring terminal when the remaining life is less than a preset threshold, helping staff to know the remaining life of the component in a timely manner, so as to make preparations for component replacement and maintenance in advance, reduce losses caused by temporary replacement and maintenance, and ensure the long-term efficient, stable and normal operation of the solar photovoltaic power generation system.

[0049] It also includes: lightning protection modules arranged on the power supply and signal lines of the system, such as zinc oxide varistors (MOVs), gas discharge tubes (GDTs), etc., which are used to quickly discharge and limit overvoltage and overcurrent generated by lightning strikes based on overvoltage protection technology. In solar photovoltaic power generation systems, lightning protection modules are generally installed at key locations such as the output end of the photovoltaic power generation module and the power and signal access ends of 5G base station equipment. Installing a lightning protection module at the output end of the photovoltaic power generation module can effectively prevent lightning strikes from causing damage to the photovoltaic components themselves and subsequent energy storage modules; installing a lightning protection module at the power and signal access ends of 5G base station equipment can prevent lightning strikes from invading the base station equipment through the power supply and signal lines, ensuring the normal operation of the base station equipment. By rationally configuring lightning protection modules, the risk of damage to the solar photovoltaic power generation system caused by lightning strikes can be greatly reduced, the reliability and stability of the system can be improved, and the normal operation of the 5G communication network can be guaranteed.

[0050] An embodiment of the present invention discloses a solar photovoltaic power generation system. The present invention proposes an intelligent control module based on a maximum power point tracking algorithm to control the photovoltaic power generation module to always output maximum power and effectively monitor overcharging and over-discharging of the energy storage module, thereby ensuring the long-term, efficient, stable and normal operation of the solar photovoltaic power generation system. Furthermore, the present invention also proposes a power distribution module that rationally distributes the electrical energy output by the solar photovoltaic power generation system based on the power size and power consumption characteristics of the base station equipment through internal circuit design and switch control, ensuring that each device receives a stable and appropriate power supply; a redundant design module that ensures the stable operation of 5G base stations in various complex environments and provides reliable energy security for the normal operation of the 5G communication network; a lightning protection module that effectively reduces the risk of damage to the solar photovoltaic power generation system caused by lightning strikes and improves the safety of system operation; and a data upload, alarm, and early warning module that helps personnel understand the system operation status anytime and anywhere, conducts preliminary analysis of related fault causes based on a neural network model, and predicts the life of system components in advance using a time series prediction model. These modules effectively improve the operational stability and efficiency of the solar photovoltaic power generation system, further ensuring the long-term, efficient, stable and normal operation of the solar photovoltaic power generation system.

[0051] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. Reference can be made to the common and similar parts between the various embodiments. For the devices disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method description.

[0052] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A solar photovoltaic power generation system, characterized in that: include: Photovoltaic power generation module, energy storage module, data acquisition module and intelligent control module; The photovoltaic power generation module is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy to power the base station, and when the photovoltaic power generation is greater than the power consumption of the base station load, the excess electrical energy is stored in the energy storage module; The energy storage module is used to release electric energy to power the base station when the amount of electricity generated by sunlight is less than the amount of electricity consumed by the base station load; The data acquisition module is used to collect in real time the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module, the load demand of the base station, the photovoltaic power generation data, the remaining power of the energy storage module, and the voltage and current of the energy storage module during charging and discharging; The intelligent control module is configured to calculate the maximum power point of the photovoltaic power generation module under current illumination conditions based on a maximum power point tracking algorithm, and to control the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module so that the photovoltaic power generation module outputs maximum power. The intelligent control module is configured to control the charging and discharging of the energy storage module based on the load demand and photovoltaic power generation data of the base station, and to avoid overcharging and over-discharging of the energy storage module based on the remaining power of the energy storage module and the voltage and current of the energy storage module during charging and discharging.

2. A solar photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum power point of the photovoltaic power generation module under the current illumination conditions is calculated based on the maximum power point tracking algorithm, and the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module are controlled so that the photovoltaic power generation module outputs the maximum power, specifically: By adjusting the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter, the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module are controlled so that the photovoltaic power generation module finally operates near the maximum power output point and outputs the maximum power.

3. A solar photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The power distribution module is used to reasonably distribute the power output of the solar photovoltaic power generation system based on the power size and power consumption characteristics of the base station equipment through internal circuit design and switch control, ensuring that each device has a stable and appropriate power supply.

4. A solar photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: Redundant design modules are used to add a certain number of system modules to ensure that the entire system can continue to operate normally when a module fails.

5. A solar photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: The data uploading module is used to upload the system module data collected by the intelligent control module, the control data for intelligent control based on the system module data, the power distribution data of the power distribution module and the fault control data of the redundant design module to the remote monitoring terminal.

6. A solar photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The alarm module is used to preliminarily determine the cause of the fault based on the problems monitored by the intelligent control module and the corresponding data collected by the data acquisition module using a pre-built neural network-based fault analysis model, and to issue an alarm to the remote monitoring terminal.

7. A solar photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The early warning module is used to predict the remaining life of the system module based on the system module data collected by the data acquisition module, using a life prediction model constructed based on time series data training, and to issue an early warning to the remote monitoring terminal when the remaining life is less than a preset threshold.

8. A solar photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The lightning protection module deployed on the system's power supply and signal lines is used to quickly discharge and limit overvoltage and overcurrent generated by lightning strikes based on overvoltage protection technology.

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