Power system carbon metering equipment detection system and detection method based on power flow

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a system for detecting carbon metering equipment of a power system based on power flow, which solve the problems of large metering error, difficulty in quantification, non-traceability and the like in the prior art, and adopts the technical scheme that the method comprises the following steps of: connecting and initializing the system, and configuring detection task parameters; generating and outputting a test signal of a preset parameter; issuing a preset dynamic electric power carbon emission factor to the measured carbon metering equipment; actual carbon emission is calculated based on electric energy metering and the dynamic electric power carbon emission factor; electricity consumption data and carbon emission data output by the detected carbon metering equipment are collected, and theoretical carbon emission is calculated; and determining the detection qualification of the detected carbon metering equipment based on the comparison result of the actual carbon emission and the theoretical carbon emission. The method has the advantages that the accuracy, the consistency and the reliability of the distributed carbon metering device are evaluated and verified on line, and the credibility of carbon emission accounting of an electric power system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of carbon emission monitoring technology in power systems, and in particular to a detection system and method for carbon metering equipment in power systems based on power flow. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement of the "dual carbon" goals, the power system, as a key link in carbon emission accounting, urgently needs to establish a precise, transparent, and traceable carbon flow tracking mechanism. In recent years, carbon flow calculation models based on power grid flow have been gradually applied to the allocation of carbon emission responsibilities in all aspects of power generation, transmission, distribution, and consumption, leading to the deployment of a large number of power system carbon metering devices at substations, user-side facilities, and renewable energy plants. However, current carbon metering devices lack a unified testing and calibration mechanism, resulting in the following problems: (1) Significant differences in measurement models: Different manufacturers use different methods to obtain carbon emission factors, time granularity, and power flow allocation algorithms, which leads to significant deviations in measurement results for the same node; (2) Lack of online verification methods: Existing detection methods mostly rely on offline comparison or manual verification, which cannot achieve real-time performance evaluation of equipment in operation; (3) Susceptible to data quality: Carbon metering relies on multi-source data from the front end, such as power measurement, unit output, and grid topology. If the front end data is abnormal, the equipment is difficult to self-diagnose. (4) Unable to identify malicious tampering or configuration errors: Some devices may have incorrect parameter settings or artificially lowered carbon factors to "beautify" carbon performance.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a detection method and system that can automate, quantify, and trace carbon metering equipment based on the actual operating status of the power grid. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology by providing a method and system for detecting carbon metering equipment in power systems based on power flow. This method and system can simulate real power system operation scenarios and perform precise and controllable detection and verification of the core functions of the carbon metering equipment under test (hereinafter referred to as "the equipment under test"), such as energy metering, carbon emission factor application, and carbon emission calculation, ensuring the metering accuracy of the equipment in a real power grid environment. The above-mentioned technical objectives of this invention are mainly achieved through the following technical solutions: The technical solution of the second technical subject matter involved in this invention: A method for detecting carbon metering equipment in a power system based on power flow, characterized by the following steps: Establish a communication connection between the carbon metering device to be measured and the signal simulation unit and the dynamic power carbon emission factor configuration unit, and configure the detection task parameters through the carbon metering detection host computer software system; Based on the carbon metering and detection host computer software system, control commands are sent to the signal simulation unit to generate and output test signals with preset parameters to simulate the target power flow conditions for power metering. Based on the carbon metering and detection host computer software system, parameter instructions are sent to the dynamic electricity carbon emission factor configuration unit, and preset dynamic electricity carbon emission factors are issued to the carbon metering device under test. Calculate actual carbon emissions based on electricity metering and dynamic electricity carbon emission factors; The carbon metering and detection host computer software system collects the electricity consumption data and carbon emission data output by the carbon metering device under test; The theoretical carbon emissions are calculated based on the collected electricity consumption data and the preset dynamic electricity carbon emission factor. The qualification of the carbon metering equipment under test is determined based on the comparison between actual carbon emissions and theoretical carbon emissions.

[0005] As a further improvement and supplement to the above technical solution, the present invention adopts the following technical measures: the preset parameters include voltage amplitude, current amplitude, frequency, phase angle and signal duration, and the target power flow conditions include forward active power conditions, reverse active power conditions or new energy grid connection conditions.

[0006] As a preferred option, in the step of comparing actual carbon emissions with theoretical carbon emissions, the calculated relative error Q = |ES – EL| / EL, where ES is the carbon emissions output by the carbon metering device being measured, and EL is the theoretical carbon emissions; when Q ≤ a preset threshold, it is considered qualified, otherwise it is considered unqualified.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the detection method for carbon metering equipment in a power system based on power flow also includes the following steps: It automatically generates electronic test reports that include test parameters, raw data, calculation process, comparison results, and judgment conclusions.

[0008] As a preferred approach, multiple sets of test signals are combined with dynamic electricity carbon emission factors to achieve multi-scenario detection.

[0009] The technical solution of the second technical subject matter involved in this invention: A power system carbon metering detection system based on power flow, characterized in that it comprises: The signal simulation unit is used to generate test signals to simulate power flow and to send test signals to the carbon metering device under test. The dynamic electricity carbon emission factor configuration unit is used to send dynamic electricity carbon emission factor parameters to the carbon metering device being measured. The carbon metering and detection host computer software system is communicatively connected to the signal simulation unit and the dynamic power carbon emission factor configuration unit, respectively. The signal simulation unit is connected to the input terminal of the carbon metering device under test, and is used to enable the carbon metering device under test to receive the test signal; the dynamic electricity carbon emission factor configuration unit is connected to the configuration terminal of the carbon metering device under test, and is used to enable the carbon metering device under test to receive the dynamic electricity carbon emission factor. Through the carbon metering detection host computer software system, the carbon metering device under test measures the electricity consumption based on the test signal and calculates the carbon emission amount in combination with the carbon emission factor.

[0010] Preferably, the signal simulation unit is a programmable AC power supply with an accuracy class of not less than 0.05, used to output AC voltage and current signals with different amplitudes, frequencies, and phase angles.

[0011] Preferably, the dynamic power carbon emission factor configuration unit is a programmable communication module. The dynamic power carbon emission factor configuration unit has a built-in communication protocol stack, which is used to simulate the power system master station and send standardized communication messages to the carbon metering device under test through wired or wireless communication to configure the dynamic power carbon emission factor.

[0012] Preferably, the carbon metering and detection host computer software system includes: The control module is used to send instructions to the signal simulation unit and the dynamic power carbon emission factor configuration unit; The data acquisition module is used to collect the electricity consumption and carbon emission data output by the carbon metering device being measured; The calculation module is used to calculate the theoretical carbon emissions based on electricity consumption data and preset carbon emission factors; The comparison and judgment module is used to calculate the error between the measured carbon emissions and the theoretical carbon emissions and to determine the compliance.

[0013] Preferably, the carbon metering and detection host computer software system is also connected to a display unit, which is used to display the test signal waveform, power parameters, carbon emission data and error curve in real time; and to display the test signal, theoretical carbon emission, carbon emission output by the carbon metering device under test and the comparison result between the two in real time. The carbon metering and testing host computer software system has a built-in testing database, which is used to store testing plans, historical test data, comparison results and testing reports.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. It can simulate the actual operating conditions of a power system and generate programmable test signals that conform to the actual power flow by precisely controlling electrical quantities such as voltage, current, and phase.

[0015] 2. It can independently configure dynamic carbon emission factors as input parameters for carbon metering calculations, decouple them from electrical signals, and achieve precise control of "carbon" information.

[0016] 3. Construct a closed-loop automated detection process. By collecting the carbon emission calculation output of the device under test under known input conditions and comparing it with the theoretical value calculated based on the same input parameters, the accuracy, consistency and reliability of the carbon metering function of the device under test can be directly and objectively evaluated.

[0017] 4. To enable batch and standardized factory inspection and periodic on-site verification of carbon metering devices of different models and algorithms, ensuring the comparability and reliability of carbon metering data across the entire network. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This invention relates to a step flow diagram of a detection method for carbon metering equipment in a power system based on power flow.

[0019] Figure 2 This invention relates to a schematic diagram of a carbon metering device detection system for power systems based on power flow. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Example 1: The technical solution of the first technical subject matter involved in this invention: like Figure 1 As shown, a detection method for carbon metering equipment in a power system based on power flow includes the following steps: S1: Establish a communication connection between the carbon metering device to be measured and the signal simulation unit and the dynamic power carbon emission factor configuration unit, and configure the detection task parameters through the carbon metering detection host computer software system; S2: Based on the carbon metering and detection host computer software system (hereinafter referred to as host computer software), control commands are sent to the signal simulation unit to generate and output test signals with preset parameters to simulate the target power flow conditions for power metering. S3: Based on the carbon metering and detection host computer software system, send parameter instructions to the dynamic electricity carbon emission factor configuration unit and issue the preset dynamic electricity carbon emission factor to the carbon metering device under test; S4: Calculate the actual carbon emissions based on electricity metering and dynamic electricity carbon emission factors; S5: The carbon metering and detection host computer software system collects the electricity consumption data and carbon emission data output by the carbon metering device under test; S6: Calculate the theoretical carbon emissions based on the collected electricity consumption data and the preset dynamic electricity carbon emission factor; S7: Based on the comparison between actual carbon emissions and theoretical carbon emissions, determine the qualification of the carbon metering equipment being tested.

[0022] Specifically: Step S1 is the system connection and initialization step: Connect the carbon metering device under test to the detection system, ensuring that its voltage and current input terminals are reliably connected to the output of the signal analog unit, and that its communication configuration port successfully establishes a communication connection with the dynamic power carbon emission factor configuration unit. Select or create a detection task in the carbon metering detection host computer software system.

[0023] Step S2 is the step of setting test signal parameters: Through the carbon metering and detection host computer software system, an instruction is sent to the signal simulation unit to set and generate test signals such as voltage and current with preset amplitude, frequency, phase angle and duration to simulate power flow under specific working conditions (for example, simulating a 10kW resistive load or an industrial user with an inductive load).

[0024] Step S3 is the step of setting carbon emission factor parameters: Through the carbon metering and detection host computer software system, an instruction is sent to the dynamic power carbon emission factor configuration unit to configure a preset dynamic power carbon emission factor (for example, 0.5703tCO2 / MWh, representing the national average) for the carbon metering device under test.

[0025] Step S4 is the procedure for initiating the detection process: The signal simulation unit is activated, causing it to begin outputting test signals to the carbon metering device under test. Simultaneously, dynamic electricity carbon emission factor configuration is initiated to ensure the device under test receives the correct carbon emission factor parameters. The device under test then begins operation and performs electricity metering and carbon emission calculations.

[0026] Step S5 is the step of collecting data output from the device: The carbon metering detection host computer software system collects the cumulative electricity consumption data (MWh) of the carbon metering device under test within a preset test cycle (e.g., 15 minutes) and the carbon emission data (tCO2) calculated and output by the device through the communication interface (or directly reads the display screen of the device under test).

[0027] Step S6 is the step for calculating the theoretical carbon emissions: The carbon metering and detection host computer software system calculates the theoretical carbon emissions based on the electricity consumption data collected in step 5 and the dynamic electricity carbon emission factor configured in step 3, using the standard carbon emission calculation formula. The calculation formula is as follows: , In the formula, The theoretical carbon emissions from electricity during the measurement period are measured in tons of carbon dioxide (tCO2). The total electricity consumption collected during the test metering period is measured in megawatt-hours (MWh). The dynamic electricity carbon emission factor is configured, expressed in tons of carbon dioxide per megawatt-hour (tCO2 / MWh).

[0028] Step S7 is the result comparison and judgment step (i.e., comparing actual carbon emissions with theoretical carbon emissions): The carbon emissions output by the carbon metering device under test are compared with the theoretical carbon emissions calculated in step 6. The relative error between the two is calculated. If the error is within the preset pass threshold (e.g., ±0.5% or ±1%), the device under test is judged to be qualified in this test scenario; otherwise, it is judged to be unqualified. That is, when Q≤ preset threshold, it is judged to be qualified, otherwise it is judged to be unqualified.

[0029] The error calculation formula is: Q=|E S –EL| / EL, In the formula, Q represents the relative error of the carbon measuring device during the test measurement period, expressed in % (%). E S The carbon emissions output by the carbon metering equipment during the test measurement period are measured in tons of carbon dioxide (tCO2). EL represents the theoretical carbon emissions during the test measurement period, expressed in tons of carbon dioxide (tCO2).

[0030] In steps S2 and S3, a series of different test scenario combinations can be set up through programming. For example, the standard operating condition can be tested first, followed by the unbalanced load condition, while different carbon emission factors (such as high value 0.8325t CO2 / MWh and low value 0.3234t CO2 / MWh) are used to conduct comprehensive testing in multiple dimensions and scenarios, and to fully evaluate the adaptability and stability of the equipment.

[0031] In this technical solution: Simulating real power system operating conditions, it generates programmable test signals that conform to actual power grid flow by precisely controlling electrical quantities such as voltage, current, and phase.

[0032] The system independently configures dynamic carbon emission factors as input parameters for carbon metering calculations, decouples them from electrical signals, and enables precise control of carbon information.

[0033] A closed-loop automated detection process is constructed. By collecting the carbon emission calculation output of the device under test under known input conditions and comparing it with the theoretical value calculated based on the same input parameters, the accuracy, consistency and reliability of the carbon metering function of the device under test can be directly and objectively evaluated.

[0034] This enables batch and standardized factory inspections and periodic on-site verifications of carbon metering devices of different models and algorithms, ensuring the comparability and reliability of carbon metering data across the entire network.

[0035] In summary, this technical solution constructs a controllable, closed-loop "electricity-carbon" joint testing environment. By accurately simulating "electricity flow" (electrical energy input) and "carbon flow" (carbon emission factor input) respectively, it collects the actual carbon emissions of the tested carbon metering device, calculates the actual carbon emissions results, and compares them with theoretical values, thereby achieving "black box" precise verification of the carbon metering function of the tested carbon metering device.

[0036] The above technical solution will then be further explained: The preset parameters include voltage amplitude, current amplitude, frequency, phase angle, and signal duration. The target power flow conditions include forward active power conditions, reverse active power conditions, or new energy grid connection conditions.

[0037] In practical applications, the detection method for carbon metering equipment in power systems based on power flow also includes the following steps: It automatically generates electronic test reports that include test parameters, raw data, calculation process, comparison results, and judgment conclusions.

[0038] In practical applications, multiple sets of test signals are combined with dynamic electricity carbon emission factors to achieve multi-scenario detection.

[0039] In practical applications, the specific testing process is as follows: Step S1, Connection: Connect the Ua, Ub, Uc, Ia, Ib, and Ic terminals of the carbon meter to the corresponding output terminals of the programmable source. Connect the RS-485 communication port of the meter to the RS-485 port of the wireless communication module.

[0040] Step S2, Pairing: Start the testing software on the industrial control computer to ensure that the software can communicate normally with the programmable source and the wireless communication module.

[0041] Step S3, setting parameters: Create a new detection task in the software. Set the first set of parameters: The programmable source outputs a three-phase balanced voltage and current of 380V (line voltage), 50Hz, phase angle 120° / 240° / 0°, with a current amplitude of 15.2A, simulating a 10kW three-phase balanced resistive load; the wireless communication module sends a carbon emission factor of 0.5703tCO2 / MWh to the carbon meter.

[0042] Step S4, Startup: Click "Start Detection". The programmable source begins outputting signals, and the wireless module simultaneously transmits carbon data. Detection lasts for 15 minutes.

[0043] Step S5, Data Acquisition: After 15 minutes, the detection software automatically reads the cumulative electricity consumption (assumed to be 2.500MWh) and the cumulative carbon emissions (assumed to be 1.426t CO2) displayed by the electric carbon meter.

[0044] Step S6, Calculation: The software calculates the theoretical carbon emissions: 2.500MWh×0.5703t CO2 / MWh=1.42575t CO2.

[0045] Step S7, Comparison: Calculate the relative error: |1.426-1.42575| / 1.42575≈0.0175%. This error is much less than the preset threshold of 0.5%, so this test is considered passed.

[0046] Step S8, Multi-Scenario Testing: The software automatically switches to the next set of parameters, for example, simulating an unbalanced load with a phase A current of 0, and changing the carbon factor to 0.6810t CO2 / MWh, repeating steps 4-7. After all preset scenarios pass, the software automatically generates a "qualified" test report.

[0047] Example 2: Technical solution of the second technical subject matter involved in this invention: like Figure 1 As shown, a power system carbon metering device detection system based on power flow is characterized by comprising: The signal simulation unit is used to generate test signals to simulate power flow and to send test signals to the carbon metering device under test. The dynamic electricity carbon emission factor configuration unit is used to send dynamic electricity carbon emission factor parameters to the carbon metering device being measured. The carbon metering and detection host computer software system is communicatively connected to the signal simulation unit and the dynamic power carbon emission factor configuration unit, respectively. The signal simulation unit is connected to the input terminal of the carbon metering device under test, and is used to enable the carbon metering device under test to receive the test signal; the dynamic electricity carbon emission factor configuration unit is connected to the configuration terminal of the carbon metering device under test, and is used to enable the carbon metering device under test to receive the dynamic electricity carbon emission factor. Through the carbon metering detection host computer software system, the carbon metering device under test measures the electricity consumption based on the test signal and calculates the carbon emission amount in combination with the carbon emission factor.

[0048] In this technical solution: Signal Simulation Unit: Used to generate test signals for voltage, current, and phase angle in a simulated power system. This unit can accurately simulate power flow under various operating conditions, including but not limited to: forward active power, reverse active power, and renewable energy grid connection scenarios.

[0049] Dynamic Electricity Carbon Emission Factor Configuration Unit: Used to input (or configure) dynamic electricity carbon emission factors to the carbon metering device under test. This unit sends carbon emission factor parameters to the carbon metering device under test according to preset timing and values ​​via wired (such as RS-485, carrier wave) or wireless (such as Bluetooth, low-power wireless) communication methods.

[0050] The carbon metering and detection host computer software system is communicatively connected to the signal simulation unit and the dynamic electricity carbon emission factor configuration unit. This carbon metering and detection host computer software system is the control center of the entire detection process and is used for: The control signal simulation unit generates specific test signals; The dynamic power carbon emission factor configuration unit issues preset carbon emission factors; Collect electricity consumption data and calculated carbon emission data output by the carbon metering device under test during the test period; The theoretical carbon emissions are calculated based on the collected electricity consumption and the configured carbon emission factor. The carbon emissions output by the carbon metering device to be measured (i.e., actual carbon emissions) are compared and analyzed with the theoretical carbon emissions, and a test report is generated.

[0051] The carbon metering device under test refers to the electric carbon meter, electric carbon acquisition terminal, or other intelligent terminal with carbon emission calculation function to be tested. Its input terminal (voltage and current terminals) is connected to the signal simulation unit to receive simulated power flow signals (test signals); its configuration terminal (communication interface) is connected to the dynamic power carbon emission factor configuration unit to receive dynamic power carbon emission factor parameters.

[0052] In this technical solution, the signal simulation unit, the dynamic power carbon emission factor configuration unit, and the carbon metering and detection host computer software system together with the carbon metering equipment under test constitute a highly integrated, precise and controllable "electricity-carbon joint" closed-loop detection system.

[0053] The difference between this technical solution and existing technologies lies in the fact that it breaks the limitation of traditional metrology and testing that only focuses on physical quantities (electrical energy). It creatively uses "electrical energy flow" and "carbon information flow" as two independent and precisely controllable input variables, which work together on the carbon metering device under test, thereby constructing a test environment that can directly and objectively verify the "carbon calculation" function of the carbon metering device under test.

[0054] Specifically, the carbon metering and detection host computer software system plays the role of the "brain" of the entire closed-loop system. It achieves coordination and control of the entire system by executing preset and standardized detection procedures. (1) Operating condition simulation and control: The carbon metering and detection host computer software system first sends instructions to the signal simulation unit (such as a high-precision programmable source) to generate a series of preset voltage, current and phase angle signals that conform to the actual power grid operating characteristics. These signals can accurately simulate various complex operating conditions and fully cover the operating scenarios that the device under test may encounter, so as to test its metering stability under different "power flow" conditions.

[0055] (2) Carbon Information Injection and Configuration: Simultaneously, the carbon metering and detection host computer software system sends instructions to the dynamic electricity carbon emission factor configuration unit (such as a programmable communication module) to configure one or a series of preset, precise "dynamic electricity carbon emission factors" for the carbon metering device under test. This configuration unit sends configuration messages to the carbon metering device under test via standard communication protocols (such as DL / T645 and DL / T698.45) to ensure that the input of the "carbon information flow" is independent, controllable, and traceable. This design ensures that the configuration of the "carbon" parameters and the application of the "electric" signal are precisely synchronized in time.

[0056] (3) Data acquisition and processing: During the test period, the carbon metering detection host computer software system acquires in real time the electricity consumption data (MWh) output by the carbon metering device under test and the carbon emission data (tCO2) calculated and output by it based on its internal algorithm. These data are the "response" of the carbon metering device under test under known input conditions.

[0057] (4) Theoretical value calculation and intelligent comparison: The carbon metering and detection host computer software system calculates the theoretical carbon emissions of this test independently based on the test signal set in step 1 (used to calculate the accurate electricity consumption) and the carbon emission factor configured in step 2, using the standard carbon emission calculation formula (theoretical carbon emissions = electricity consumption × dynamic electricity carbon emission factor).

[0058] (5) Closed-loop judgment and result output: Finally, the carbon metering and testing host computer software system accurately compares the actual carbon emissions output by the carbon metering device under test with the theoretical value calculated by the carbon metering and testing host computer software system, and calculates the relative error. By comparing this error with the preset qualified threshold (such as ±0.5%), the system can automatically and objectively determine the metering accuracy of the device under test in this test scenario, and complete a complete "input-processing-output-verification" closed loop.

[0059] The beneficial effects of this closed-loop architecture are: (1) "Black box" test that realizes the "carbon metering" function: without knowing the internal algorithm of the device under test, the correctness of its function can be determined by simply inputting known conditions and comparing the output results.

[0060] (2) The decoupling verification of “electricity” and “carbon” has been achieved: the response of the equipment to the same carbon factor under different power conditions or the response of the equipment to the same power condition under different carbon factors can be tested separately, thereby accurately locating the source of the problem.

[0061] (3) A quantifiable and traceable evaluation system has been constructed: the entire testing process is automated and procedural, and all parameters and results are recorded, ensuring the impartiality, repeatability and auditability of the test results, laying a solid technical foundation for establishing a unified carbon metering equipment testing standard.

[0062] The above technical solution will then be further explained: In practical applications, the signal simulation unit is a programmable AC power supply (hereinafter referred to as "programmable source") with an accuracy level of not less than 0.05, used to output AC voltage and current signals with different amplitudes, frequencies, and phase angles.

[0063] In practical applications, the dynamic power carbon emission factor configuration unit is a programmable communication module. The dynamic power carbon emission factor configuration unit has a built-in communication protocol stack, which is used to simulate the power system master station and send standardized communication messages (such as DL / T645, DL / T698, etc.) to the carbon metering device under test through wired or wireless communication to configure the dynamic power carbon emission factor.

[0064] The core function of the dynamic power carbon emission factor configuration unit is to accurately simulate the behavior of the master station in the power system and send standardized communication messages to the carbon metering device under test, so as to realize the remote, dynamic and programmable configuration of carbon emission factors.

[0065] The dynamic electricity carbon emission factor configuration unit (programmable communication module) typically consists of an embedded processor (such as an ARM Cortex series), a communication interface circuit (such as RS-232 / 485, Ethernet PHY, or wireless communication chip), and firmware. Its workflow is as follows: The carbon metering and detection host computer software system generates a configuration command containing information such as the target carbon emission factor value, effective time, and data identifier, based on a preset detection scheme. This command is sent to the dynamic electricity carbon emission factor configuration unit (programmable communication module) via a serial interface (such as USB to TTL / RS-485) or a network interface.

[0066] The firmware of the dynamic electricity carbon emission factor configuration unit (programmable communication module) pre-loads various standard communication protocols widely used in the power industry, such as: DL / T645-2007 "Communication Protocol for Multifunctional Energy Meters": This is the most basic and common communication protocol for energy meters in China. Modules can use this protocol to write specific "extended data identifiers" (such as the 99XXH series) to the device under test, configuring carbon emission factors as custom parameters.

[0067] DL / T698.45 "Electric Energy Information Acquisition and Management System Part 4-5: Communication Protocol Application Layer Protocol": This is a higher-level, object-oriented communication protocol that supports more complex object models and data services. The module can utilize its "SetService" to write carbon emission factors as "common parameters" or "custom parameters" objects into the device under test.

[0068] By supporting communication messages conforming to these industry standards, the dynamic electricity carbon emission factor configuration unit can seamlessly interface with most electricity carbon meters and data acquisition terminals on the market that comply with national or industry standards, ensuring the universality, compatibility, and reliability of the configuration process. The configuration process is fully automated, requiring no manual intervention, thus guaranteeing the accuracy and timeliness of carbon emission factor input and laying a solid data foundation for subsequent precise comparison with theoretical values.

[0069] In practical applications, the carbon metering and detection host computer software system includes: The control module is used to send instructions to the signal simulation unit and the dynamic power carbon emission factor configuration unit; The data acquisition module is used to collect the electricity consumption and carbon emission data output by the carbon metering device being measured; The calculation module is used to calculate the theoretical carbon emissions based on electricity consumption data and preset carbon emission factors; The comparison and judgment module is used to calculate the error between the measured carbon emissions and the theoretical carbon emissions and to determine the compliance.

[0070] In practical applications, the carbon metering and detection host computer software system is also connected to a display unit (such as a touch screen or monitor). The display unit is used to display the test signal waveform, power parameters, carbon emission data and error curve in real time; it is also used to display the test signal, theoretical carbon emission, carbon emission output by the carbon metering device under test and the comparison results between the two in real time, so that operators can intuitively monitor the detection process.

[0071] In practical applications, the carbon metering and testing host computer software system has a built-in testing database, which is used to store testing plans, historical test data, comparison results and testing reports, and supports data query and traceability.

[0072] In practical applications, the carbon metering device under test is an electric carbon meter or an electric carbon acquisition terminal. When the carbon metering device under test is an electric carbon acquisition terminal, the power system carbon metering device detection system based on power flow also includes a standard energy meter. The standard energy meter is connected to the signal simulation unit, and the electric carbon acquisition terminal is connected to the communication interface of the standard energy meter. The carbon metering detection host computer software system simulates known electricity consumption data and carbon emission factors through a programmable source and a standard energy meter, and then detects whether the electric carbon acquisition terminal can correctly collect and calculate carbon emissions. Its detection principle and steps are the same as above.

[0073] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the above embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power system carbon metering device detection method based on power flow, characterized by, It comprises the steps of: The measured carbon metering device is connected with the signal simulation unit and the dynamic power carbon emission factor configuration unit, and the detection task parameters are configured through the carbon metering detection host computer software system; Based on the carbon metering detection host computer software system, control instructions are sent to the signal simulation unit to generate and output test signals of preset parameters to simulate target power flow conditions for electric energy metering; Based on the carbon metering detection host computer software system, parameter instructions are sent to the dynamic power carbon emission factor configuration unit to issue preset dynamic power carbon emission factors to the measured carbon metering device; Based on electric energy metering and dynamic power carbon emission factors, the actual carbon emission is calculated; The carbon metering detection host computer software system collects the power consumption data and carbon emission data output by the measured carbon metering device; Based on the collected power consumption data and the preset dynamic power carbon emission factor, the theoretical carbon emission is calculated; Based on the comparison result of the actual carbon emission and the theoretical carbon emission, the detection qualification of the measured carbon metering device is determined.

2. The power system carbon metering device detection method based on power flow according to claim 1, wherein The preset parameters include voltage amplitude, current amplitude, frequency, phase angle and signal duration, and the target power flow conditions include forward active power conditions, reverse active power conditions or new energy on-grid conditions.

3. The power flow based power system carbon metering device detection method of claim 1, wherein, In the step of comparing the actual carbon emission and the theoretical carbon emission, the relative error Q = |ES-EL| / EL is calculated, where ES is the carbon emission output by the measured carbon metering device, and EL is the theoretical carbon emission; when Q≤preset threshold, it is determined to be qualified, otherwise it is determined to be unqualified.

4. The power flow based power system carbon metering device detection method of claim 1, wherein, The steps further include: An electronic detection report containing test parameters, raw data, calculation process, comparison result and determination conclusion is automatically generated.

5. The power system carbon metering device detection method based on power flow according to claim 1, wherein Multiple combinations of test signals and dynamic power carbon emission factors are set to realize multi-scenario detection.

6. A power system carbon metering device detection system based on power flow, characterized by, It comprises: A signal simulation unit for generating test signals to simulate power flow for issuing test signals to the measured carbon metering device; A dynamic power carbon emission factor configuration unit for issuing dynamic power carbon emission factor parameters to the measured carbon metering device; A carbon metering detection host computer software system is connected with the signal simulation unit and the dynamic power carbon emission factor configuration unit respectively; The signal simulation unit is connected with the input end of the measured carbon metering device for the measured carbon metering device to receive test signals; The dynamic power carbon emission factor configuration unit is connected with the configuration end of the measured carbon metering device for the measured carbon metering device to receive dynamic power carbon emission factors, and the measured carbon metering device measures power consumption based on test signals and calculates carbon emission combined with carbon emission factors through the carbon metering detection host computer software system.

7. The power system carbon metering device detection system based on power flow according to claim 6, wherein The signal simulation unit is a programmed AC power supply, whose precision level is not less than 0.05 level, and is used to output AC voltage and current signals with different amplitudes, frequencies and phase angles. 8.The power system carbon metering device detection system based on power flow according to claim 6, characterized in that, The dynamic power carbon emission factor configuration unit is a programmable communication module, which is built-in with a communication protocol stack and is used to simulate a power system master station to send standardized communication messages to the measured carbon metering device through wired or wireless communication mode to configure the dynamic power carbon emission factor. 9.The power system carbon metering device detection system based on power flow according to claim 6, characterized in that, The carbon metering detection host computer software system comprises: a control module for sending instructions to the signal simulation unit and the dynamic power carbon emission factor configuration unit; a data acquisition module for acquiring the power consumption and carbon emission data output by the measured carbon metering device; a calculation module for calculating the theoretical carbon emission according to the power consumption data and the preset carbon emission factor; a comparison and determination module for calculating the error between the measured carbon emission and the theoretical carbon emission and determining the eligibility. 10.The power system carbon metering device detection system based on power flow according to claim 6, characterized in that, The carbon metering detection host computer software system is further connected with a display unit, which is used to display the test signal waveform, power parameters, carbon emission data and error curve in real time, and is used to display the test signal, the theoretical carbon emission, the carbon emission output by the measured carbon metering device and the comparison results of the two in real time; The carbon metering detection host computer software system is built-in with a detection database, which is used to store the detection scheme, historical test data, comparison results and detection report.

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