Apparatus and method for estimating SOH

Abstract

An apparatus for estimating SOH according to one aspect of the present disclosure may include: a curve obtaining unit configured to obtain an OCV curve of a plurality of OCVs of a battery measured at different time points; a curve correction unit configured to generate an adjusted positive curve and an adjusted negative curve by adjusting a preset standard positive curve and a preset standard negative curve to correspond to the OCV curve; and a control unit configured to extract a diagnostic factor with respect to a positive electrode participation start point of the battery from the adjusted positive electrode curve, and estimate an available lithium SOH of the battery based on the extracted diagnostic factor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application is based on and claims the benefit of priority from Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0115875 filed on August 31, 2023, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.

[0002] The present disclosure relates to an apparatus and method for estimating SOH (State of Health), and more particularly, to an apparatus and method for estimating SOH, which estimate the SOH of a battery using OCV (Open Circuit Voltage). Background Art

[0003] Recently, the demand for portable electronic products such as laptop computers, video cameras, and portable phones has increased dramatically, and electric vehicles, energy storage batteries, robots, satellites, etc. have also been vigorously developed. Therefore, high-performance batteries that allow repeated charging and discharging are being actively researched.

[0004] Currently, commercially available batteries include nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, lithium batteries, etc. Among them, lithium batteries have attracted much attention because they have almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based batteries and have very low self-discharge rate and high energy density.

[0005] A lot of research is being done on these batteries to improve their capacity and density, but improving their lifespan and safety is also important. To improve battery safety, technology is needed to accurately diagnose the current state of the battery.

[0006] Traditionally, the battery condition is diagnosed by analyzing a battery curve, which represents the relationship between the battery's capacity and voltage. For example, during the battery charging process, the capacity and voltage are measured, and the battery condition is diagnosed by analyzing the battery curve, which represents the relationship between the measured capacity and voltage. For another example, the battery condition can be diagnosed based on the capacity and voltage measured during the battery discharging process.

[0007] To more accurately diagnose the current battery condition, a battery curve that accurately reflects the current battery condition is required. However, obtaining this battery curve requires low-rate charging and discharging, such as 0.05C (C-rate). In other words, low-rate charging and discharging have been required to diagnose the battery condition, limiting the battery's ability to diagnose the condition. For example, since fully charging a battery at 0.05C takes approximately 20 hours, diagnosing the battery's condition using conventional low-rate charging and discharging methods requires a considerable amount of time. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Technical issues

[0009] The present disclosure is intended to solve the problems of the related art, and thus the present disclosure is intended to provide an apparatus and method for estimating SOH, which estimate the SOH of a battery using OCV.

[0010] These and other purposes and advantages of the present disclosure can be understood from the following detailed description and will become more fully apparent from the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. In addition, it will be easily understood that the purposes and advantages of the present disclosure can be achieved by the means shown in the appended claims and their combinations.

[0011] Technical Solution

[0012] An apparatus for estimating SOH according to one aspect of the present disclosure may include: a curve obtaining unit configured to obtain OCV curves of a plurality of OCVs of a battery measured at different time points; a curve correction unit configured to generate an adjusted positive electrode curve and an adjusted negative electrode curve by adjusting a preset standard positive electrode curve and a preset standard negative electrode curve to correspond to the OCV curves; and a control unit configured to extract a diagnostic factor regarding a positive electrode participation starting point of the battery from the adjusted positive electrode curve, and estimate the available lithium SOH of the battery based on the extracted diagnostic factor.

[0013] The plurality of OCVs may be configured to include OCVs measured at a time point when the battery transitions from an idle state to a discharge state and OCVs measured while maintaining a condition in which a discharge current of the battery is equal to or less than a preset threshold current during a preset standard time or longer.

[0014] The plurality of OCVs may be configured to include a plurality of OCVs measured within a preset standard period.

[0015] The standard period may be set based on a preset target period, a period required to measure a preset number of OCVs, a period required to reduce the SOH of the battery by a preset standard SOH, or a combination thereof.

[0016] The curve correction unit may be configured to generate a comparative whole-cell curve based on the standard positive curve and the standard negative curve, and generate an adjusted positive curve and an adjusted negative curve by adjusting the standard positive curve and the standard negative curve until the generated comparative whole-cell curve corresponds to the OCV curve.

[0017] The curve correction unit may be configured to determine a target capacity range corresponding to the OCV curve, and compare the whole-cell curve and the OCV curve within the target capacity range.

[0018] The control unit may be configured to estimate the available lithium SOH of the battery by comparing the value of the diagnosis factor with a standard value preset for the diagnosis factor.

[0019] The control unit may be configured to adjust usage conditions of the battery based on the estimated available lithium SOH.

[0020] A battery pack according to another aspect of the present disclosure may include the apparatus for estimating SOH according to the present disclosure.

[0021] A vehicle according to still another aspect of the present disclosure may include the apparatus for estimating SOH according to the present disclosure.

[0022] A server according to still another aspect of the present disclosure may include the apparatus for estimating SOH according to the present disclosure.

[0023] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a method for estimating SOH may include: a curve obtaining step of obtaining OCV curves of multiple OCVs of a battery measured at different time points; a curve adjusting step of generating an adjusted positive electrode curve and an adjusted negative electrode curve by adjusting a preset standard positive electrode curve and a preset standard negative electrode curve to correspond to the OCV curve; a diagnostic factor extraction step of extracting a diagnostic factor regarding a positive electrode participation starting point of the battery from the adjusted positive electrode curve; and an SOH estimating step of estimating the available lithium SOH of the battery based on the extracted diagnostic factor.

[0024] Beneficial effects

[0025] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the present disclosure has an advantage in that the SOH of a battery can be quickly estimated based on an OCV curve without limiting the use of the battery.

[0026] In addition, according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the apparatus for estimating SOH is advantageous in that it is possible to diagnose the state of a battery from various angles based on the types of diagnostic factors that can be extracted.

[0027] The effects of the present disclosure are not limited to the above-mentioned effects, and other effects that are not mentioned will be clearly understood from the description of the claims by those skilled in the art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the foregoing disclosure, are used to provide a further understanding of the technical features of the present disclosure, and therefore, the present disclosure should not be construed as being limited to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating an apparatus for estimating SOH according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating an OCV curve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 3 is a graph showing measured OCV of a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 4 is a diagram schematically illustrating a standard positive electrode curve and a standard negative electrode curve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 5 is a graph schematically illustrating comparative full-monomer curves according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 6 is a graph schematically illustrating a comparison of an all-monomer curve and an OCV curve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] Figures 7 to 14 1 is a diagram for explaining a process of adjusting a standard positive electrode curve and a standard negative electrode curve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0036] Figure 15 is a diagram schematically showing an exemplary configuration of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 16 is a diagram schematically showing an exemplary configuration of a vehicle according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] Figure 17 is a diagram schematically illustrating a method for estimating SOH according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] It should be understood that the terms used in this specification and the appended claims should not be construed as limited to ordinary meanings and dictionary meanings, but should be interpreted based on meanings and concepts corresponding to the technical aspects of the present disclosure on the basis of the principle allowing the inventor to appropriately define the terms for the best interpretation.

[0040] Therefore, the descriptions presented herein are merely preferred examples for illustrative purposes, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, and it should be understood that other equivalents and modifications may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0041] Additionally, in describing the present disclosure, when it is deemed that a detailed description of related known elements or functions causes obscuring key subject matters of the present disclosure, the detailed description is omitted herein.

[0042] Terms including ordinal numbers such as “first,” “second,” etc. may be used to distinguish one element from another among various elements, but are not intended to limit the elements by these terms.

[0043] Throughout the specification, when a part is referred to as “including” or “comprising” any elements, unless explicitly stated otherwise, it means that the part may further include other elements, rather than excluding other elements.

[0044] Furthermore, throughout the specification, when a part is referred to as being “connected” to another part, it is not limited to the case where they are “directly connected” but also includes the case where they are “indirectly connected” with another element interposed therebetween.

[0045] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] Figure 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating an apparatus 100 for estimating SOH (State of Health) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0047] refer to Figure 1 The apparatus 100 for estimating SOH may include a curve obtaining unit 110 , a curve correcting unit 120 , and a control unit 130 .

[0048] The curve obtaining unit 110 may be configured to obtain an OCV curve Rocv of a plurality of OCVs (open circuit voltages) of a battery measured at different time points.

[0049] Here, a battery refers to an independent cell having a negative terminal and a positive terminal and being physically separable. For example, a lithium-ion battery or a lithium polymer battery can be considered a battery. Additionally, the type of battery can be cylindrical, prismatic, or pouch-type. Additionally, a battery can refer to a battery bank, a battery module, or a battery pack in which multiple cells are connected in series and / or in parallel. Below, for ease of explanation, a battery is interpreted as referring to an independent cell.

[0050] Here, the OCV curve Rocv is a curve that represents the corresponding relationship between the OCV and capacity of the battery. Specifically, the OCV of the battery can be measured at a time point when a predetermined condition is met. More specifically, the multiple OCVs can be configured to include the OCV measured at the time point when the battery transitions from an idle state to a discharged state, and the OCV measured while the condition that the battery's discharge current is equal to or less than a preset threshold current is maintained for a preset standard time or longer.

[0051] First, the battery's OCV can be measured at the point in time when the battery transitions from an idle state to a discharged state. Here, the idle state refers to a stable state in which the battery is maintained in a no-load state for a specific period of time or longer. For example, when the battery is included in a vehicle, the battery's OCV can be measured at the key-on time point when the engine of the vehicle, which has been parked for a specific period of time, is started. Furthermore, the battery's capacity can be determined based on the capacity at the key-off time point when the vehicle's engine is turned off.

[0052] Next, the OCV of the battery can be measured while the condition that the discharge current of the battery is equal to or less than a preset threshold current is maintained for a preset standard time or longer. Here, the state in which the discharge current of the battery is equal to or less than the threshold current means a state in which the discharge amount of the battery is negligible. In other words, when the battery is being discharged but the discharge amount is extremely small, the measured voltage of the battery can be estimated as the OCV. This is because, if the discharge amount of the battery is negligible, the battery can be considered to be in a stable state even if the battery is being discharged for more than the standard time. For example, when a battery is included in a vehicle and the vehicle is stopped for a standard time or longer, the battery may be continuously discharged to supply power to electrical components. However, based on the capacity of the battery, the discharge amount of the battery to supply power to the electrical components is very small. Therefore, although the battery is actually in a discharged state, the voltage of the battery can be estimated as the OCV.

[0053] Figure 2 Schematically shows an OCV curve Rocv according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 The OCV curve Rocv shows the corresponding relationship between the OCV and capacity of the battery in the capacity range of 10 (Ah) to 45 (Ah). As mentioned above, the conditions under which OCV can be measured are limited, so the multiple OCVs included in the OCV curve Rocv may be discontinuous.

[0054] For example, the curve obtaining unit 110 may directly receive the OCV curve Rocv from the outside. That is, the curve obtaining unit 110 may receive the OCV curve Rocv through a wired and / or wireless connection to the outside to obtain the OCV curve Rocv.

[0055] For another example, curve acquisition unit 110 may receive battery information regarding the battery's OCV (V) and capacity (Q). Additionally, curve acquisition unit 110 may generate an OCV curve (Rocv) based on the received battery information. Specifically, curve acquisition unit 110 may obtain the OCV curve (Rocv) by directly generating the OCV curve (Rocv) based on the battery information.

[0056] The curve obtaining unit 110 may be connected to enable communication with the curve correction unit 120. For example, the curve obtaining unit 110 may be wired and / or wirelessly connected to the curve correction unit 120. The curve obtaining unit may transmit the obtained OCV curve Rocv to the curve correction unit 120.

[0057] The curve correction unit 120 may be configured to generate an adjusted positive curve and an adjusted negative curve by adjusting the preset standard positive curve Rp and the preset standard negative curve Rn to correspond to the OCV curve Rocv.

[0058] The standard positive electrode curve Rp may be a curve representing the corresponding relationship between the capacity and OCV of a standard positive electrode cell, which is preset to correspond to the positive electrode of the battery. For example, the standard positive electrode cell may be a positive electrode button-type cell or a positive electrode of a tri-electrode cell. Additionally, the standard negative electrode curve Rn may be a curve representing the corresponding relationship between the capacity and OCV of a standard negative electrode cell, which is preset to correspond to the negative electrode of the battery. For example, the standard negative electrode cell may be a negative electrode button-type cell or a negative electrode of a tri-electrode cell.

[0059] Specifically, the curve correction unit 120 can adjust the standard positive electrode curve Rp and the standard negative electrode curve Rn to correspond to the OCV curve Rocv. More specifically, the curve correction unit 120 can adjust the standard positive electrode curve Rp and the standard negative electrode curve Rn to generate an adjusted positive electrode curve and an adjusted negative electrode curve. Additionally, the curve correction unit 120 can generate a comparative full-cell curve S based on the adjusted positive electrode curve and the adjusted negative electrode curve. The curve correction unit 120 can adjust the standard positive electrode curve Rp and the standard negative electrode curve Rn until the comparative full-cell curve S corresponds to the OCV curve Rocv. Here, the target capacity range T of the OCV curve Rocv can be different from the capacity range of the comparative full-cell curve S. Therefore, the standard positive electrode curve Rp and the standard negative electrode curve Rn can be adjusted based on the correspondence between the comparative full-cell curve S and the OCV curve Rocv within the target capacity range T.

[0060] For example, the curve correction unit 120 may generate a plurality of comparative full-cell curves S by shifting or scaling the standard positive electrode curve Rp and the standard negative electrode curve Rn by their capacities, and may specify a comparative full-cell curve S having the smallest error with the OCV curve Rocv among the plurality of comparative full-cell curves S. Furthermore, an adjusted positive electrode curve and an adjusted negative electrode curve corresponding to the specified comparative full-cell curve S may be determined.

[0061] Related to this, reference will be made later Figures 7 to 14A more specific embodiment is described in which the curve correction unit 120 determines the positive electrode curve of the battery by adjusting the standard positive electrode curve Rp and the standard negative electrode curve Rn to correspond to the OCV curve Rocv.

[0062] The control unit 130 may be configured to extract a diagnostic factor related to a positive electrode participation start point and a positive electrode participation completion point of the battery from the adjusted positive electrode curve.

[0063] Specifically, the control unit 130 may determine the positive electrode participation starting point pi and the positive electrode participation completion point pf in the adjusted positive electrode curve. The control unit 130 may determine the potential value or SOC value corresponding to the positive electrode participation starting point pi in the adjusted positive electrode curve as the value of the positive electrode participation starting point pi. In addition, the control unit 130 may determine the potential value or SOC value corresponding to the positive electrode participation completion point pf in the adjusted positive electrode curve as the value of the positive electrode participation completion point pf.

[0064] The control unit 130 may be configured to diagnose the available lithium SOH of the battery based on the extracted diagnostic factors.

[0065] Specifically, the control unit 130 may be configured to estimate the available lithium SOH of the battery by comparing the value of the diagnosis factor with a standard value preset for the diagnosis factor.

[0066] Here, the preset standard value may be a value pre-obtained for a battery in the BOL (Beginning of Life) state. Preferably, the OCV curve Rocv of a battery in the BOL state may represent the corresponding relationship between OCV and capacity for the entire capacity range. The control unit 130 may determine a standard value corresponding to the extracted diagnostic factor based on the OCV curve Rocv of the battery in the BOL state. In other words, the standard value is the state value of the battery in the BOL state, and the diagnostic factor is the state value of the battery in its current state. Therefore, the control unit 130 may estimate the battery's SOH based on the diagnostic factor indicating the battery's current state and the standard value indicating the battery's BOL state.

[0067] The apparatus 100 for estimating SOH according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can estimate the SOH of a battery based on the OCV of the battery measured under predetermined conditions. In other words, according to the present disclosure, there is an advantage in that low-rate charging and discharging is not forced for SOH estimation.

[0068] For example, if a low-rate charge and discharge at 0.05C is required to estimate the SOH, the use of the battery may be limited to about 20 hours. In contrast, the apparatus 100 for estimating the SOH can estimate the SOH of the battery by simply obtaining an OCV curve Rocv including a plurality of OCVs. In addition, the conditions for measuring the OCV are conditions that do not forcibly restrict the use of the battery. Therefore, since the apparatus 100 for estimating the SOH can quickly estimate the SOH of the battery based on the OCV curve Rocv without restricting the use of the battery, there is an advantage in that the conventional problem of having to excessively restrict the use of the battery to estimate the SOH can be solved.

[0069] Meanwhile, the control unit 130 included in the apparatus 100 for estimating SOH may optionally include a processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), other chipsets, logic circuits, registers, communication modems, data processing devices, etc., as known in the art, to execute the various control logics implemented in the present disclosure. Furthermore, when the control logic is implemented as software, the control unit 130 may be implemented as a set of program modules. In this case, the program modules may be stored in a memory and executed by the control unit 130. The memory may be internal or external to the control unit 130 and may be connected to the control unit 130 via various well-known means.

[0070] Furthermore, the apparatus 100 for estimating SOH may further include a storage unit 140. The storage unit 140 may store data required for the operation and function of each component of the apparatus 100 for estimating SOH, data generated during the execution of operations or functions, and the like. The type of storage unit 140 is not particularly limited, as long as it is a known information storage device that can record, erase, update, and read data. For example, the information storage device may include RAM, flash memory, ROM, EEPROM, registers, and the like. Furthermore, the storage unit 140 may store program code that defines the processes that can be executed by the control unit 130.

[0071] For example, the storage unit 140 may store an OCV curve Rocv, a standard positive electrode curve Rp, a standard negative electrode curve Rn, an adjusted positive electrode curve, an adjusted negative electrode curve, and a diagnosis factor.

[0072] The plurality of OCVs may be configured to include a plurality of OCVs measured within a preset standard period.

[0073] Specifically, OCV can have limited measurement conditions. In other words, the timing of measuring multiple OCVs can be irregular. For example, suppose a vehicle is started only once a day, and the vehicle is stopped for less than a standard period. In this case, since OCV is measured only at the time the vehicle engine is started, one OCV can be measured each day. Therefore, the multiple OCVs included in the OCV curve Rocv can be values ​​measured at daily intervals.

[0074] Considering OCV measurement conditions, it is necessary to group the multiple OCVs used to estimate the battery's SOH. In other words, if the battery's SOH is estimated using multiple OCVs obtained over an excessively long period of time, the battery may deteriorate further during that period, and the estimated battery SOH may be inaccurate. Therefore, the OCV curve Rocv can only include multiple OCVs measured within a preset standard period. Preferably, the standard period can be set through experimentation or theory, or by considering the battery's operating mode (e.g., driving mode or charge / discharge mode).

[0075] In one embodiment, the standard period can be set as a preset target period. For example, the OCV curve Rocv can include multiple OCVs measured within the past two weeks. Therefore, the SOH estimated based on the OCV curve Rocv that only includes multiple OCVs measured within the standard period can well reflect the current state of the battery.

[0076] Figure 3 is a graph showing measured OCV of a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0077] For example, in Figure 3 In the embodiment, the first to fifth time periods P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5 may be shorter than a preset standard time period. Therefore, the apparatus 100 for estimating the state of the battery can continuously diagnose the state of the battery by estimating the state of the battery based on the OCV curve Rocv of each of the first to fifth time periods P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5.

[0078] In another embodiment, the standard period can be set as the time period used to measure a preset number of OCVs. For example, the number of OCVs measured is proportional to the clarity or accuracy of the OCV curve Rocv. That is, the greater the number of OCVs measured, the clearer the OCV curve Rocv becomes, allowing the results of adjusting the standard positive electrode curve Rp and the standard negative electrode curve Rn to better reflect the current state of the battery. Therefore, the period of time until a preset number (e.g., 30) of non-overlapping OCVs have been measured can be preset as the standard period.

[0079] In another embodiment, the standard period can be set to the time required for the battery's SOH to decrease by a preset standard SOH. For example, when OCV measurements are performed infrequently, there is a problem in that the multiple OCVs included in the OCV curve Rocv are measured at different SOHs. In this case, the result of adjusting the standard positive electrode curve Rp and the standard negative electrode curve Rn based on the OCV curve Rocv may reflect the battery's past state. Therefore, the standard period can be set to the time required for the battery's SOH to decrease by a preset standard SOH (e.g., 0.1%).

[0080] In another embodiment, the standard period may be set to the shortest period among a preset target period, a period required to measure a preset number of OCVs, and a period required for the SOH of the battery to decrease to a preset standard SOH.

[0081] Although limited examples of the standard period are described above, it should be noted that the standard period for generating an appropriate OCV curve Rocv for diagnosing the current state of the battery may be set by considering various aspects.

[0082] The apparatus 100 for estimating SOH according to the present disclosure has an advantage of more accurately estimating the SOH of a battery by limiting the measurement time points of a plurality of OCVs used for estimating the SOH.

[0083] Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the curve correction unit 120 adjusts the standard positive electrode curve Rp and the standard negative electrode curve Rn will be described in detail.

[0084] The curve correction unit 120 may be configured to generate a comparative whole-cell curve S based on the standard positive electrode curve Rp and the standard negative electrode curve Rn.

[0085] Specifically, the comparative full-cell curve S can be generated based on the voltage difference (specifically, the OCV difference) per capacity between the standard positive electrode curve Rp and the standard negative electrode curve Rn. For example, assuming that the voltage of the standard positive electrode curve Rp corresponding to a specific capacity x is Vp, and the voltage of the standard negative electrode curve Rn is Vn, the voltage of the comparative full-cell curve S corresponding to the capacity X can be calculated as "Vp - Vn." The curve correction unit 120 can generate the comparative full-cell curve S by calculating the voltage difference between the standard positive electrode curve Rp and the standard negative electrode curve Rn for the entire capacity.

[0086] Figure 4 is a diagram schematically illustrating a standard positive electrode curve Rp and a standard negative electrode curve Rn according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 5 Schematically illustrates a comparative full monomer curve S according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4 and Figure 5In the embodiment of the present invention, the comparative full-cell curve S may be generated based on the voltage difference per capacity between the standard positive electrode curve Rp and the standard negative electrode curve Rn.

[0087] The curve correction unit 120 may be configured to generate an adjusted positive electrode curve and an adjusted negative electrode curve by adjusting the standard positive electrode curve Rp and the standard negative electrode curve Rn until the generated comparative whole-cell curve S corresponds to the OCV curve Rocv.

[0088] Specifically, curve correction unit 120 can calculate the error between the comparative full-cell curve S and the OCV curve Rocv. Additionally, curve correction unit 120 can adjust the standard positive curve Rp and the standard negative curve Rn until the error between the comparative full-cell curve S and the OCV curve Rocv is minimized. Once a comparative full-cell curve S that minimizes the error with the OCV curve Rocv is determined, the adjusted positive and negative curves underlying the determined comparative full-cell curve S can be estimated as the positive and negative curves representing the current state of the battery. Current technology presents a problem in that the positive and negative curves indicating the current state of the battery cannot be directly obtained without disassembling the battery. Therefore, it can be strongly assumed that the adjusted positive and negative curves underlying the comparative full-cell curve S determined through the adjustment process are the positive and negative curves reflecting the current state of the battery.

[0089] Figure 6 Schematically shows a comparison of the full monomer curve S and the OCV curve Rocv according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 6 In an embodiment, the curve correction unit 120 may calculate an error between the comparison full-cell curve S and the OCV curve Rocv based on the voltage difference per capacity of the two curves. In addition, the curve correction unit 120 may determine the comparison full-cell curve S that minimizes the calculated error.

[0090] Preferably, the curve correction unit 120 may be configured to determine a target capacity range T corresponding to the OCV curve Rocv.

[0091] For example, in Figure 6 In the embodiment of the present invention, since the multiple OCVs included in the OCV curve Rocv are measured irregularly, the correspondence between OCV and capacity may only appear in the target capacity range T. In other words, the target capacity range T is the capacity range of the OCV curve Rocv. Therefore, the curve correction unit 120 may first determine the target capacity range T based on the OCV curve Rocv. For example, in Figure 6 In the embodiment of FIG. 5 , the target capacity range T may be determined as a capacity range of 10 [Ah] or more and 45 [Ah] or less.

[0092] The curve correction unit 120 may be configured to compare the full-cell curve S with the OCV curve Rocv within the target capacity range T.

[0093] Specifically, because the comparative full-cell curve S is generated based on the standard positive electrode curve Rp and the standard negative electrode curve Rn, it can represent the corresponding relationship between voltage and capacity for the entire capacity range. In contrast, the OCV curve Rocv represents the corresponding relationship between OCV and capacity for the target capacity range T. Therefore, the curve correction unit 120 can compare the two curves only for the target capacity range T, which is the common capacity range for comparing the full-cell curve S and the OCV curve Rocv.

[0094] For example, in Figure 6 In the embodiment, the curve correction unit 120 may compare the full-cell curve S and the OCV curve Rocv within the target capacity range T. Additionally, the curve correction unit 120 may further adjust the standard positive electrode curve Rp and the standard negative electrode curve Rn according to the comparison result.

[0095] Hereinafter, the diagnostic factors that the control unit 130 may select from the adjusted positive polarity curve and / or the adjusted negative polarity curve will be described in detail.

[0096] The control unit 130 may be configured to extract at least one of a positive polarity factor based on the adjusted positive polarity curve and a negative polarity factor based on the adjusted negative polarity curve as a diagnosis factor.

[0097] Here, the adjusted positive electrode curve is the result of adjusting the standard positive electrode curve Rp, and the adjusted negative electrode curve is the result of adjusting the standard negative electrode curve Rn. Specifically, as described above, the curve correction unit 120 can adjust the standard positive electrode curve Rp and the standard negative electrode curve Rn so that the comparison full-cell curve S corresponds to the OCV curve Rocv.

[0098] The positive electrode factor may be configured to include at least one of a positive electrode participation starting point pi, a positive electrode participation completion point pf, and a positive electrode change rate ps of the battery based on the adjusted positive electrode curve.

[0099] The positive electrode participation starting point pi may be a point in the adjusted positive electrode curve corresponding to the starting capacity (lower capacity) of the target capacity range T. For example, Figure 6 In the embodiment of the target capacity range T, the starting capacity is 10 (Ah), so the point in the adjusted positive electrode curve with a capacity value of 10 (Ah) can be the positive electrode participation starting point pi. Additionally, the value of the positive electrode participation starting point pi can be the potential value or SOC (state of charge) value corresponding to the positive electrode participation starting point pi in the adjusted positive electrode curve.

[0100] The positive electrode participation completion point pf may be a point in the adjusted positive electrode curve corresponding to the end capacity (upper limit capacity) of the target capacity range T. For example, Figure 6 In the embodiment of the target capacity range T, the end capacity is 45 (Ah). Therefore, the point in the adjusted positive electrode curve with a capacity of 45 (Ah) can be the positive electrode participation completion point pf. Furthermore, the value of the positive electrode participation completion point pf can be the potential value or SOC value corresponding to the positive electrode participation completion point pf in the adjusted positive electrode curve.

[0101] The positive electrode change rate ps may refer to the change rate [%] of the adjusted positive electrode curve relative to the standard positive electrode curve Rp. Specifically, the positive electrode change rate ps may be the contraction or expansion rate of the adjusted positive electrode curve relative to the standard positive electrode curve Rp. For example, if the adjusted positive electrode curve contracts by 10% relative to the standard positive electrode curve Rp, the positive electrode change rate ps is 90%. Conversely, if the adjusted positive electrode curve expands by 10% relative to the standard positive electrode curve Rp, the positive electrode change rate ps is 110%.

[0102] The negative electrode factor may be configured to include at least one of a negative electrode participation starting point ni, a negative electrode participation finishing point nf, and a negative electrode change rate ns of the battery based on the adjusted negative electrode curve.

[0103] The negative electrode participation starting point ni may be a point in the adjusted negative electrode curve corresponding to the starting capacity (lower capacity) of the target capacity range T. For example, Figure 6 In the embodiment of the target capacity range T, the starting capacity is 10 (Ah). Therefore, the point in the adjusted negative electrode curve with a capacity of 10 (Ah) can be the negative electrode participation starting point ni. Furthermore, the value of the negative electrode participation starting point ni can be the potential value or SOC value corresponding to the negative electrode participation starting point ni in the adjusted negative electrode curve.

[0104] The negative electrode participation completion point nf may be a point in the adjusted negative electrode curve corresponding to the end capacity (upper limit capacity) of the target capacity range T. For example, Figure 6 In the embodiment of the target capacity range T, the final capacity is 45 (Ah). Therefore, the point in the adjusted negative electrode curve with a capacity of 45 (Ah) can be the negative electrode participation completion point nf. Furthermore, the value of the negative electrode participation completion point nf can be the potential value or SOC value corresponding to the negative electrode participation completion point nf in the adjusted negative electrode curve.

[0105] The negative electrode change rate ns may refer to the change rate [%] of the adjusted negative electrode curve relative to the standard negative electrode curve Rn. Specifically, the negative electrode change rate ns may be the contraction rate or expansion rate of the adjusted negative electrode curve relative to the standard negative electrode curve Rn. For example, if the adjusted negative electrode curve contracts by 10% relative to the standard negative electrode curve Rn, the negative electrode change rate ns is 90%. Conversely, if the adjusted negative electrode curve expands by 10% relative to the standard negative electrode curve Rn, the negative electrode change rate ns is 110%.

[0106] The control unit 130 may be configured to estimate at least one of the positive electrode SOH, negative electrode SOH, available lithium SOH, and capacity SOH of the battery according to the type of diagnostic factor. Hereinafter, it will be explained that the values ​​of the positive electrode participation starting point pi and the positive electrode participation completion point pf refer to the corresponding SOC in the adjusted positive electrode curve, and the values ​​of the negative electrode participation starting point ni and the negative electrode participation completion point nf refer to the corresponding SOC in the adjusted negative electrode curve.

[0107] The positive electrode SOH indicates the degree of degradation of the battery's positive electrode. In other words, the positive electrode SOH is an indicator of the extent to which the battery's positive electrode has degraded. As the battery degrades, the positive electrode reaction area decreases due to side reactions, and thus the positive electrode capacity participating in the reaction may decrease. Therefore, the control unit 130 can estimate the degree of degradation, resulting in loss of positive electrode capacity, by calculating the positive electrode SOH.

[0108] Specifically, when the control unit 130 extracts the positive electrode participation completion point pf as a diagnosis factor, the positive electrode SOH may be calculated using Equation 1 or Equation 2 below.

[0109] [Equation 1]

[0110]

[0111] here, It is the positive electrode SOH, is the value of the positive electrode participation completion point corresponding to the current state of the battery, is the value of the positive electrode participation completion point corresponding to the battery in the BOL state, and is the value of the positive electrode participation starting point corresponding to the battery in the BOL state. 、 and It can be the SOC value corresponding to the corresponding point.

[0112] [Equation 2]

[0113]

[0114] here, is the value of the negative electrode participation completion point corresponding to the battery in the BOL state, and is the value of the negative electrode participation starting point corresponding to the battery in the BOL state. Here, and It can be the SOC value corresponding to the corresponding point.

[0115] For example, if and It is set based on the positive electrode capacity in the BOL state. and It can also be set based on the positive electrode capacity in the BOL state. For example, if and It is set based on the negative electrode capacity in the BOL state. and It can also be set based on the negative electrode capacity in the BOL state. 、 、 and The standard capacity (positive electrode capacity or negative electrode capacity at BOL state) of the calculation standard can be the same. Therefore, referring to Equation 1 and Equation 2, the “ " is replaced by " ”.

[0116] In addition, if the control unit 130 extracts the positive electrode change rate ps as a diagnosis factor, the positive electrode SOH may be calculated using Equation 3 below.

[0117] [Equation 3]

[0118]

[0119] here, is the positive electrode change rate corresponding to the battery in BOL state, and is the positive electrode change rate corresponding to the current state of the battery. Specifically, It means the rate of change of the standard positive electrode curve Rp relative to the initial positive electrode curve. Here, if the initial positive electrode curve and the standard positive electrode curve Rp are the same, then It can be 1 or 100%. In the following, for the sake of convenience, it is described that the initial positive electrode curve and the standard positive electrode curve Rp are the same. In addition, It refers to the rate of change of the adjusted positive electrode curve relative to the standard positive electrode curve Rp.

[0120] Negative electrode SOH refers to the degree of degradation of the battery's negative electrode. In other words, negative electrode SOH is an indicator of the extent to which the battery's negative electrode has degraded. Similar to the loss of positive electrode capacity, as the battery degrades, the negative electrode reaction area decreases due to side reactions, and thus the negative electrode capacity involved in the reaction may decrease. Therefore, the control unit 130 can estimate the degree of degradation of the negative electrode capacity loss by calculating the negative electrode SOH.

[0121] Specifically, when the control unit 130 extracts the negative electrode change rate ns as a diagnosis factor, the negative electrode SOH may be calculated using Equation 4 below.

[0122] [Equation 4]

[0123]

[0124] here, It is the negative electrode SOH, is the negative electrode change rate corresponding to the battery in BOL state, and is the negative electrode change rate corresponding to the current state of the battery. Specifically, It means the rate of change of the standard negative electrode curve Rn relative to the initial negative electrode curve. Here, if the initial negative electrode curve and the standard negative electrode curve Rn are the same, then It can be 1 or 100%. In the following, for the sake of convenience, the initial negative electrode curve is described as being the same as the standard negative electrode curve Rn. In addition, It refers to the rate of change of the adjusted negative electrode curve relative to the standard negative electrode curve Rn.

[0125] Available lithium SOH indicates the degree of degradation of the available lithium in the battery. In other words, available lithium SOH is an indicator of the degree of degradation of the lithium ions participating in the reaction. When lithium plating occurs, lithium metal may be deposited on the surface of the negative electrode. As the lithium plating process progresses, the amount of deposited lithium metal increases, and the number of lithium ions participating in the reaction may decrease. Therefore, by calculating the available lithium SOH, the control unit 130 can estimate the degree of degradation of the number of lithium ions participating in the reaction compared to the initial reaction.

[0126] Specifically, when the control unit 130 extracts the positive electrode participation starting point pi as a diagnosis factor, the available lithium SOH may be calculated using the following Equation 5 or 6.

[0127] [Equation 5]

[0128]

[0129] [Equation 6]

[0130]

[0131] here, Lithium SOH is available. is the value of the positive electrode participation starting point corresponding to the current state of the battery. Here, Can be the SOC value corresponding to the corresponding point. In addition, similar to equations 1 and 2, referring to equations 5 and 6, “ " is replaced by " ”.

[0132] The SOH indicates the degree of degradation of the battery's capacity. In other words, the SOH is an indicator of the degree of degradation of the current available capacity relative to the battery's initial capacity. As the battery degrades, the available capacity naturally decreases. Therefore, the control unit 130 can estimate the degree of degradation of the current capacity compared to the initial capacity by calculating the SOH.

[0133] Specifically, when the control unit 130 extracts the positive electrode participation completion point pf and the positive electrode participation starting point pi as diagnosis factors, the capacity SOH may be calculated using the following Equation 7.

[0134] [Equation 7]

[0135]

[0136] here, It is the capacity SOH. 、 、 and As mentioned above. In addition, you can " is replaced by " ”.

[0137] In addition, if the control unit 130 extracts the negative electrode participation completion point nf and the negative electrode participation starting point ni as diagnosis factors, the capacity SOH may be calculated using the following Equation 8.

[0138] [Equation 8]

[0139]

[0140] here, is the capacity SOH, is the value of the negative electrode participation completion point corresponding to the current state of the battery, and is the value of the negative electrode participation starting point corresponding to the current state of the battery. That is, referring to equations 7 and 8, “ " is replaced by " ”, and you can also set “ " is replaced by " ”.

[0141] In the above, the case where the control unit 130 estimates the positive electrode SOH ( )、Negative electrode SOH( ), available lithium SOH ( ) and capacity SOH ( ) embodiment. However, the control unit 130 can also estimate the positive electrode degradation rate, negative electrode degradation rate, available lithium degradation rate, and capacity degradation rate by calculating the 1's complement (or 100%) of the SOH. For example, the control unit 130 can estimate the positive electrode degradation rate by calculating "1-positive electrode SOH."

[0142] The apparatus 100 for estimating SOH according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can estimate the battery SOH from various perspectives based on the extracted diagnostic factors. For example, the extracted diagnostic factors can be used to estimate the positive electrode SOH, negative electrode SOH, available lithium SOH, and capacity SOH, thereby specifically diagnosing the extent of battery degradation for each of these factors.

[0143] The control unit 130 may be configured to adjust a usage condition of the battery based on the estimated SOH.

[0144] Specifically, the control unit 130 may adjust the battery's available SOC range based on the estimated SOH. For example, the control unit 130 may reduce the upper limit of the battery's available SOC range. For another example, the control unit 130 may increase the lower limit of the battery's available SOC range. For another example, the control unit 130 may lower the upper limit of the battery's available SOC range and increase the lower limit of the available SOC range.

[0145] By adjusting the available SOC range, the loss of positive and negative electrode reaction areas can be prevented. Furthermore, by preventing the loss of available lithium, lithium metal precipitation can be prevented. Furthermore, the generation of gas inside the battery can be suppressed.

[0146] In the following, reference Figures 7 to 14 , an embodiment in which the curve correction unit 120 adjusts the standard positive electrode curve Rp and the standard negative electrode curve Rn will be described in more detail.

[0147] Figures 7 to 14 1 is a diagram for explaining a process of adjusting the standard positive electrode curve Rp and the standard negative electrode curve Rn according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0148] Figure 7 This is a graph used as a reference for explaining an example of the standard positive electrode curve R and the standard negative electrode curve Rn. Figure 7 In the graph, the horizontal axis (X-axis) represents capacity (Ah), and the vertical axis (Y-axis) represents voltage (V).

[0149] Figure 8 is a graph used to illustrate an example of the OCV curve Rocv of the target battery. Figure 8 In the graph, the horizontal axis (X axis) represents capacity (Ah), and the vertical axis (Y axis) represents voltage (V). Figure 8 , assuming that the target capacity range T is a capacity range of 5 (Ah) to 45 (Ah).

[0150] The curve correction unit 120 may be configured to compare the OCV curve Rocv with at least one comparative full-cell curve S. Here, the comparative full-cell curve S may be a result of synthesizing (combining) an adjusted positive curve and an adjusted negative curve based on the standard positive curve Rp and the standard negative curve Rn respectively stored in the storage unit 140 .

[0151] In other words, while the standard full-cell curve R is the result of subtracting a portion of the standard negative electrode curve Rn from a portion of the standard positive electrode curve Rp, the comparative full-cell curve S can be said to be the result of subtracting a portion of the adjusted negative electrode curve from a portion of the adjusted positive electrode curve.

[0152] Curve correction unit 120 can generate at least one comparative full-cell curve S by directly adjusting standard positive electrode curve Rp and standard negative electrode curve Rn. Alternatively, at least one comparative full-cell curve S can be pre-acquired based on standard positive electrode curve Rp and standard negative electrode curve Rn and stored in storage unit 140. In this case, curve correction unit 120 can obtain comparative full-cell curve S by accessing storage unit 140 and reading comparative full-cell curve S.

[0153] The curve correction unit 120 can generate a plurality of comparative full-cell curves S from the standard positive curve Rp and the standard negative curve Rn by repeating the process of adjusting each of the standard positive curve Rp and the standard negative curve Rn to various levels and then synthesizing them. The comparative full-cell curve S may also be referred to as an "adjusted standard full-cell curve."

[0154] The curve correction unit 120 may specify any one of the comparative all-cell curves S having the smallest error with the OCV curve Rocv among the plurality of comparative all-cell curves S.

[0155] Next, the curve correction unit 120 may determine that the adjusted positive electrode curve and the adjusted negative electrode curve mapped to the specified comparative full-cell curve S are the positive electrode curve and the negative electrode curve of the battery. Hereinafter, it should be noted that the positive electrode curve is the finalized adjusted positive electrode curve, and the negative electrode curve is the finalized adjusted negative electrode curve.

[0156] In this regard, various methods known at the time of filing this disclosure can be used to determine the error between two curves, each of which can be represented in a two-dimensional coordinate system. For example, the integral of the absolute value of the area between the two curves or the RMSE (root mean square error) can be used as the error between the two curves.

[0157] According to this configuration of the present disclosure, various battery status information can be obtained based on the finalized positive and negative electrode curves. The finalized positive and negative electrode curves can be mapped to the comparative full-cell curve S with minimal error. Specifically, the comparative full-cell curve S based on the finalized positive and negative electrode curves can be said to have a shape that is almost identical to the OCV curve Rocv.

[0158] Therefore, according to the present disclosure, the positive electrode curve and the negative electrode curve of the battery can be obtained even without disassembling the battery.

[0159] If the battery is a new battery, the positive and negative curves of the battery can be analyzed to more easily diagnose whether a defect has occurred in the battery, and if so, what type of defect it is.

[0160] If a battery is being used after it has been verified as a good product, the degree to which the battery has deteriorated for each degradation item can be determined through the positive electrode curve and the negative electrode curve of the battery.

[0161] Furthermore, according to embodiments of the present disclosure, a battery's positive and negative electrode curves can be obtained in a simple manner. This disclosure can be implemented even if only one standard positive electrode curve Rp and one standard negative electrode curve Rn are stored in storage unit 140. That is, there is no need to store multiple standard positive electrode curves Rp and / or multiple standard negative electrode curves Rn in storage unit 140. Therefore, the storage capacity of storage unit 140 does not need to be very high, and the extensive preliminary testing required to obtain multiple standard positive electrode curves Rp and / or multiple standard negative electrode curves Rn is unnecessary.

[0162] Figures 9 to 11 is a schematic diagram referred to for explaining an example of a process for generating a comparative all-cell curve S for comparison with the OCV curve Rocv according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0163] Will refer to Figures 9 to 11 The described procedure for generating the comparative full-cell curve S is performed in the following order: 1. Set four points (positive electrode participation start point, positive electrode participation completion point, negative electrode participation start point, negative electrode participation completion point) to correspond to the voltage range of interest in the first routine (see Figure 9 ); execute the second routine of curve shift (see Figure 10 ), and a third routine that performs capacity scaling (see Figure 11 ). That is, the process for generating the comparison full-cell curve S according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes first to third routines.

[0164] First, refer to Figure 9 , the standard positive curve Rp and the standard negative curve Rn are Figure 7 The same as those shown in .

[0165] The curve correction unit 120 determines a positive pole participation starting point pi, a positive pole participation completion point pf, a negative pole participation starting point ni, and a negative pole participation completion point nf on the standard positive pole curve Rp and the standard negative pole curve Rn.

[0166] Either one of the positive electrode participation starting point pi and the negative electrode participation starting point ni depends on the other.

[0167] For example, curve correction unit 120 divides the positive electrode voltage range from the start point to the end point (or the second set voltage) of the standard positive electrode curve Rp into multiple micro-voltage segments. It then sets the boundary points of two adjacent micro-voltage segments within the multiple micro-voltage segments as the positive electrode participation starting points pi. Each micro-voltage segment can have a predetermined size (e.g., 0.01V). Next, curve correction unit 120 sets a point on the standard negative electrode curve Rn that is lower than the positive electrode participation starting point pi by a first set voltage (e.g., 3V) as the negative electrode participation starting point ni.

[0168] For another example, curve correction unit 120 may divide the negative electrode voltage range from the start point to the end point of standard negative electrode curve Rn into a plurality of micro-voltage segments of predetermined sizes, and then set the boundary points of two adjacent micro-voltage segments among the plurality of micro-voltage segments as negative electrode participation starting points ni. Next, curve correction unit 120 may search for a point in standard positive electrode curve Rp that is greater than negative electrode participation starting point ni by a first set voltage, and set the searched point as positive electrode participation starting point pi.

[0169] Either one of the positive electrode participation completion point pf and the negative electrode participation completion point nf depends on the other.

[0170] For example, curve correction unit 120 may divide the voltage range from the second set voltage to the end point of the standard positive electrode curve Rp into a plurality of micro-voltage segments of predetermined sizes, and then set the boundary points of two adjacent micro-voltage segments among the plurality of micro-voltage segments as the positive electrode participation completion point pf. Next, curve correction unit 120 may set a point on the standard negative electrode curve Rn that is lower than the positive electrode participation completion point pf by a second set voltage (e.g., 4V) as the negative electrode participation completion point nf.

[0171] For another example, curve correction unit 120 may divide the negative electrode voltage range from the start point to the end point of standard negative electrode curve Rn into a plurality of micro-voltage segments of predetermined sizes, and then set the boundary points of two adjacent micro-voltage segments among the plurality of micro-voltage segments as negative electrode participation completion points nf. Next, curve correction unit 120 may search for a point on standard positive electrode curve Rp that is a second set voltage greater than negative electrode participation completion point nf, and set the found point as positive electrode participation completion point pf.

[0172] If the determination of the positive pole participation starting point pi, the positive pole participation completion point pf, the negative pole participation starting point ni and the negative pole participation completion point nf is completed, the curve correction unit 120 shifts at least one of the standard positive pole curve Rp and the standard negative pole curve Rn to the left or right along the horizontal axis.

[0173] refer to Figure 10 The curve correction unit 120 may shift the standard positive electrode curve Rp and / or the standard negative electrode curve Rn so that the capacity values ​​of the positive electrode participation starting point pi and the negative electrode participation starting point ni match.

[0174] Alternatively, the curve correction unit 120 may shift the standard positive electrode curve Rp and / or the standard negative electrode curve Rn so that the voltages of the positive electrode participation completion point pf and the negative electrode participation completion point nf match.

[0175] Figure 10 The figure shows how the adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp' is generated by simply shifting the standard positive electrode curve Rp to the left. Consequently, the voltage at the positive electrode participation starting point pi' matches the voltage at the negative electrode participation starting point ni. The adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp' is the result of applying an adjustment process to the standard positive electrode curve Rp by shifting the voltage difference between the positive electrode participation starting point pi and the negative electrode participation starting point ni to the left. As a result, the two points pi and pi' differ only in capacity value and have the same voltage. The two points pf and pf' differ only in capacity value and have the same voltage.

[0176] When managing to obtain the adjustment result curve Rp′, Rn in which at least one of the standard positive electrode curve Rp and the standard negative electrode curve Rn is shifted, the curve correction unit 120 scales the capacity range of at least one of the adjustment result curves Rp′, Rn.

[0177] according to Figure 10 In the example shown in , the curve correction unit 120 performs an additional adjustment process to shrink or expand at least one of the adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp′ and the adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn along the horizontal axis.

[0178] refer to Figure 11, the curve correction unit 120 can generate an adjusted standard positive curve Rp″ by shrinking or expanding the adjusted standard positive curve Rp′, so that the size of the capacity range between the two points pi′, pf′ of the adjusted standard positive curve Rp′ matches the size of the target capacity range T of the OCV curve Rocv. At this time, either of the two points pi′, pf′ can be fixed. Therefore, the capacity difference between the two points pi′, pf″ of the adjusted standard positive curve Rp″ can match the target capacity range T of the OCV curve Rocv.

[0179] Additionally, curve correction unit 120 can generate an adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn' by contracting or expanding standard negative electrode curve Rn, such that the capacity range between two points ni and nf on standard negative electrode curve Rn matches the target capacity range T of OCV curve Rocv. In this case, either of the two points ni and nf can be fixed. Thus, the capacity difference between the two points ni and nf' on adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn' can match the target capacity range T of OCV curve Rocv.

[0180] exist Figure 11 The adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp" is Figure 10 The result of the contraction of the adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp' shown in the figure, and the adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn' is Figure 10 The result of the expansion of the standard negative electrode curve Rn is shown in .

[0181] The positive pole participation completion point pf" on the adjusted standard positive pole curve Rp" corresponds to the positive pole participation completion point pf on the adjusted standard positive pole curve Rp'. The negative pole participation completion point nf' on the adjusted standard negative pole curve Rn' corresponds to the negative pole participation completion point nf on the standard negative pole curve Rn.

[0182] The capacity difference between the positive electrode participation starting point pi' and the positive electrode participation completion point pf" of the adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp" corresponds to the size of the target capacity range T of the OCV curve Rocv. Similarly, the capacity difference between the negative electrode participation starting point ni and the negative electrode participation completion point nf' of the adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn' corresponds to the size of the target capacity range T of the OCV curve Rocv.

[0183] In addition, the capacity range of the two points pi' and pf' of the adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp" matches the capacity range of the two points ni and nf' of the adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn'. The curve correction unit 120 can generate a comparative full-cell curve S by subtracting the curve between the two points pi and pf' of the adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp" from the curve between the two points ni and nf' of the adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn'.

[0184] Curve correction unit 120 may calculate an error (curve error) between the comparative full-cell curve S and the OCV curve Rocv. When the error between the comparative full-cell curve S and the OCV curve Rocv is minimized, an adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp″ corresponding to the comparative full-cell curve S may be determined as the adjusted positive electrode curve, and an adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn′ may be determined as the adjusted negative electrode curve.

[0185] The curve correction unit 120 can map at least two of the adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp", the adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn', the positive electrode participation starting point pi', the positive electrode participation completion point pf", the negative electrode participation starting point ni, the negative electrode participation completion point nf', the first scaling factor, the second scaling factor, the comparative full-cell curve S, and the curve error to each other and record them in the storage unit 140. The first scaling factor can represent the ratio of the capacity difference between the two points pi' and pf" to the capacity difference between the two points pi0 and pf0. The second scaling factor can represent the ratio of the capacity difference between the two points ni and nf' to the capacity difference between the two points ni0 and nf0.

[0186] Here, the curve correction unit 120 may calculate the positive change rate ps of the adjusted standard positive curve Rp″ for the standard positive curve Rp. In addition, the curve correction unit 120 may calculate the negative change rate ns of the adjusted standard positive curve Rn′ for the standard negative curve Rn. For example, the curve correction unit 120 may determine the first scaling factor as the positive change rate ps and the second scaling factor as the negative change rate ns.

[0187] Meanwhile, as described above, when the positive voltage range of the standard positive curve Rp is divided into a plurality of micro voltage segments, the boundary points of two adjacent micro voltage segments among the plurality of micro voltage segments may be set as the positive participation starting points pi.

[0188] For example, if the positive electrode voltage range of the standard positive electrode curve Rp is divided into one hundred smaller voltage ranges, there can be one hundred boundary points that can be set as the positive electrode participation starting point pi. Alternatively, if the voltage range of the standard positive electrode curve Rp equal to or greater than the second set voltage is divided into 40 smaller voltage ranges, there can be 40 boundary points that can be set as the positive electrode participation completion point pf. In this case, up to 4,000 different comparative full-cell curves S can be generated.

[0189] Of course, those skilled in the art will readily understand that as the size of the microvoltage segment decreases, the number of comparative full-cell curves S that can be generated to the maximum extent increases, and conversely, as the size of the microvoltage segment increases, the number of comparative full-cell curves S that can be generated to the maximum extent decreases.

[0190] The curve correction unit 120 can identify the minimum value among the curve errors of the multiple comparative full-monomer curves S generated as described above, and then obtain information mapped to the minimum curve error from the storage unit 140 (for example, at least one of the positive pole participation starting point pi, the positive pole participation completion point pf, the negative pole participation starting point ni, the negative pole participation completion point nf, the positive pole change rate ps, and the negative pole change rate ns).

[0191] Figures 12 to 14 is a diagram for explaining another example of a process for generating a comparative full-cell curve S for comparison with the OCV curve Rocv according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For reference, Figures 12 to 14 The embodiment shown in Figures 9 to 11 Therefore, in describing Figures 9 to 11 The embodiments shown in Figures 12 to 14 Terms or symbols used in common when illustrating the embodiments should be understood as being limited to each embodiment.

[0192] refer to Figures 12 to 14 The process of generating the comparative full-cell curve S described above is carried out in the following order: the fourth routine for performing capacity scaling (see Figure 12 ), set the fourth point (positive pole participation start point, positive pole participation completion point, negative pole participation start point and negative pole participation completion point) of the fifth routine (see Figure 13 ), and a sixth routine that performs curve shifting (see Figure 14 ). That is, the generation process of the comparison full-monomer curve S according to another embodiment of the present disclosure includes the fourth routine to the sixth routine.

[0193] refer to Figure 12 , the standard positive curve Rp and the standard negative curve Rn are Figure 7 The same as those shown in .

[0194] The curve correction unit 120 generates an adjusted standard positive curve Rp′ and an adjusted standard negative curve Rn′ by applying a first scaling factor and a second scaling factor selected from the scaling value range to the standard positive curve Rp and the standard negative curve Rn, respectively.

[0195] The scaling value range can be predetermined or can vary depending on the ratio of the target capacity range T of the OCV curve Rocv relative to the capacity range of the standard all-cell curve R. For example, assuming that the first and second scaling factors can be selected from values ​​within a scaling value range (e.g., 90 to 99%) at 0.1% intervals (i.e., 90%, 90.1%, 90.2%, ..., 98.9%, 99%), 91 values ​​can be selected as the first and second scaling factors, respectively. In this case, up to 8,281 adjusted curve pairs can be generated, resulting in 91 × 91 = 8,281 adjustment levels (combinations of first and second scaling factors). An adjusted curve pair refers to a combination of an adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp and an adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn.

[0196] Figure 12 An example is shown in which the adjusted standard positive curve Rp′ and the adjusted standard negative curve Rn′ are the results of applying a first scaling factor and a second scaling factor less than 100% to the standard positive curve Rp and the standard negative curve Rn, respectively.

[0197] Because the first and second scaling factors are less than 100%, the adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp' is a contraction of the standard positive electrode curve Rp along the horizontal axis, and the adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn' is also a contraction of the standard negative electrode curve Rn along the horizontal axis. To facilitate understanding, the example is illustrated in a form in which the starting point of each of the standard positive electrode curve Rp and the standard negative electrode curve Rn is fixed and the remaining portion is reduced to the left along the horizontal axis.

[0198] refer to Figure 13 The curve correction unit 120 determines the positive electrode participation starting point pi', the positive electrode participation completion point pf', the negative electrode participation starting point ni' and the negative electrode participation completion point nf' on the adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp' and the adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn'.

[0199] Either the positive pole participation starting point pi' or the negative pole participation starting point ni' may depend on the other. Additionally, either the positive pole participation completion point pf' or the negative pole participation completion point nf' may depend on the other. Additionally, either the positive pole participation starting point pi' or the positive pole participation completion point pf' may be set based on the other.

[0200] That is, if any one of the positive electrode participation starting point pi', the positive electrode participation completion point pf', the negative electrode participation starting point ni', and the negative electrode participation completion point nf' is set, the remaining three points can be automatically set by the size of the first set voltage, the second set voltage, and / or the target capacity range T of the OCV curve Rocv (e.g., charging capacity of SOC 0% to 100%).

[0201] For example, curve correction unit 120 may divide the positive electrode voltage range from the start point to the end point (or the second set voltage) of the adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp' into multiple micro-voltage segments, and then set the boundary points of two adjacent micro-voltage segments among the multiple micro-voltage segments as the positive electrode participation starting point pi'. Next, curve correction unit 120 may set a point on the adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn that is lower than the positive electrode participation starting point pi' by a first set voltage (e.g., 3V) as the negative electrode participation starting point ni'.

[0202] For another example, curve correction unit 120 may divide the negative electrode voltage range from the start point to the end point of the adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn' into a plurality of micro-voltage segments of predetermined sizes, and then set the boundary points of two adjacent micro-voltage segments among the plurality of micro-voltage segments as the negative electrode participation starting point ni'. Next, curve correction unit 120 may search for a point in the standard positive electrode curve Rp that is greater than the negative electrode participation starting point ni' by a first set voltage, and set the searched point as the positive electrode participation starting point pi'.

[0203] For another example, curve correction unit 120 may divide the voltage range from the second set voltage to the end point of the adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp' into a plurality of micro-voltage segments of predetermined sizes, and then set the boundary points of two adjacent micro-voltage segments among the plurality of micro-voltage segments as the positive electrode participation completion point pf'. Next, curve correction unit 120 may search for a point in the adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn' that is lower than the positive electrode participation completion point pf' by a second set voltage (e.g., 4V), and set the found point as the negative electrode participation completion point nf'.

[0204] For another example, curve correction unit 120 may divide the negative electrode voltage range from the start point to the end point of the adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn' into a plurality of micro-voltage segments of predetermined sizes, and then set the boundary points of two adjacent micro-voltage segments among the plurality of micro-voltage segments as the negative electrode participation completion point nf'. Next, curve correction unit 120 may search for a point in the adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp' that is a second set voltage greater than the negative electrode participation completion point nf', and set the searched point as the positive electrode participation completion point pf'.

[0205] If any one of the positive pole participation starting point pi', the positive pole participation finishing point pf', the negative pole participation starting point ni', and the negative pole participation finishing point nf' is determined, the curve correction unit 120 may additionally determine the remaining points based on the determined point.

[0206] For example, if the positive electrode participation starting point pi' is first determined, the curve correction unit 120 can set the point on the adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp' where the capacity value is greater than the capacity value of the positive electrode participation starting point pi' by the size of the target capacity range T of the OCV curve Rocv as the positive electrode participation completion point pf'. Additionally, the curve correction unit 120 can search for a point in the adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn' that is lower than the positive electrode participation starting point pi' by a first set voltage, and set the searched point as the negative electrode participation starting point ni'. In addition, the curve correction unit 120 can set the point on the adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn' where the capacity value is greater than the capacity value of the negative electrode participation starting point ni' by the size of the target capacity range T of the OCV curve Rocv as the negative electrode participation completion point nf'.

[0207] For another example, if the positive electrode participation completion point pf' is first determined, the curve correction unit 120 can set the point on the adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp' where the capacity value is smaller than the capacity value of the positive electrode participation completion point pf' by the size of the target capacity range T of the OCV curve Rocv as the positive electrode participation starting point pi'. Additionally, the curve correction unit 120 can search for a point in the adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn' that is lower than the positive electrode participation completion point pf' by a second set voltage, and set the searched point as the negative electrode participation completion point nf'. In addition, the curve correction unit 120 can set the point on the adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn' where the capacity value is smaller than the capacity value of the negative electrode participation completion point nf' by the size of the target capacity range T of the OCV curve Rocv as the negative electrode participation starting point ni'.

[0208] For another example, if the negative electrode participation starting point ni' is determined, the curve correction unit 120 can set the point on the standard negative electrode curve Rn' where the capacity value is greater than the capacity value of the negative electrode participation completion point ni' by the size of the target capacity range T of the OCV curve Rocv as the negative electrode participation completion point nf'. Additionally, the curve correction unit 120 can search for a point in the adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp' that is higher than the negative electrode participation starting point ni' by a first set voltage, and set the searched point as the positive electrode participation starting point pi'. In addition, the curve correction unit 120 can set the point on the adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp' where the capacity value is greater than the capacity value of the positive electrode participation starting point pi' by the size of the target capacity range T of the OCV curve Rocv as the positive electrode participation completion point pf'.

[0209] For another example, if the negative electrode participation completion point nf' is determined, the curve correction unit 120 can set the point on the standard negative electrode curve Rn' where the capacity value is smaller than the capacity value of the negative electrode participation completion point nf' by the size of the target capacity range T of the OCV curve Rocv as the negative electrode participation starting point ni'. Additionally, the curve correction unit 120 can search for a point in the adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp' that is higher than the negative electrode participation completion point nf' by a second set voltage, and set the searched point as the positive electrode participation completion point pf'. In addition, the curve correction unit 120 can set the point on the adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp' where the capacity value is smaller than the capacity value of the positive electrode participation completion point pf' by the size of the target capacity range T of the OCV curve Rocv as the positive electrode participation starting point pi'.

[0210] If the determination of the positive electrode participation starting point pi', the positive electrode participation completion point pf', the negative electrode participation starting point ni' and the negative electrode participation completion point nf' is completed based on the pair of the first scaling factor and the second scaling factor, the curve correction unit 120 can shift at least one of the adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp' and the adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn' along the horizontal axis so that the capacity values ​​of the positive electrode participation starting point pi' and the negative electrode participation starting point ni' match, or the capacity values ​​of the positive electrode participation completion point pf' and the negative electrode participation completion point nf' match.

[0211] Figure 14 The adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn" shown in Figure 13 The adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn' shown in is shifted to the right. Therefore, the capacity values ​​of the positive electrode participation starting point pi' and the negative electrode participation starting point ni" match each other. In this regard, since the capacity difference between the positive electrode participation starting point pi' and the positive electrode participation completion point pf' is the same as the capacity difference between the negative electrode participation starting point ni' and the negative electrode participation completion point nf', if the capacity values ​​of the positive electrode participation starting point pi' and the negative electrode participation starting point ni" match each other, the capacity values ​​of the positive electrode participation completion point pf' and the negative electrode participation completion point nf" also match each other.

[0212] refer to Figure 14 The curve correction unit 120 may generate the comparative full-cell curve U by subtracting the partial curve between the two points pi′, pf′ of the adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp′ from the partial curve between the two points ni″, nf″ of the adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn″.

[0213] Curve correction unit 120 may calculate an error (curve error) between the comparative full-cell curve U and the OCV curve Rocv. When the error between the comparative full-cell curve U and the OCV curve Rocv is minimized, an adjusted standard positive electrode curve Rp' corresponding to the comparative full-cell curve U may be determined as the adjusted positive electrode curve, and an adjusted standard negative electrode curve Rn" may be determined as the adjusted negative electrode curve.

[0214] The curve correction unit 120 can map at least two of the adjusted standard positive curve Rp', the adjusted standard negative curve Rn", the positive pole participation starting point pi', the positive pole participation completion point pf', the negative pole participation starting point ni", the negative pole participation completion point nf", the positive pole change rate ps, the negative pole change rate ns, the comparison full monomer curve U and the curve error to each other, and record them in the storage unit 140.

[0215] Here, the curve correction unit 120 may calculate the positive polarity change rate ps of the adjusted standard positive polarity curve Rp' relative to the standard positive polarity curve Rp. Furthermore, the curve correction unit 120 may calculate the negative polarity change rate ns of the adjusted standard negative polarity curve Rn" relative to the standard negative polarity curve Rn. For example, the curve correction unit 120 may determine the positive polarity change rate ps as the first scaling factor and the negative polarity change rate ns as the second scaling factor.

[0216] As described above, curve correction unit 120 can generate a comparative full-monobody curve corresponding to each pair of first and second scaling factors selected from the scaling value range. Since there are multiple pairs of first and second scaling factors, multiple comparative full-monobody curves will obviously be generated. Curve correction unit 120 can identify the minimum curve error among the multiple comparative full-monobody curves and then obtain information mapped to the minimum curve error from storage unit 140.

[0217] The apparatus 100 for estimating SOH according to the present disclosure may be connected to a display device (not shown) and output information about the SOH of the battery. Thus, the information about the SOH of the battery may be displayed on the display device.

[0218] The apparatus 100 for estimating SOH according to the present disclosure may be connected to an alarm device (not shown) and output information about the SOH of a battery to operate the alarm device.

[0219] The device 100 for estimating SOH according to the present disclosure can be applied to a BMS. In other words, the BMS according to the present disclosure may include the above-mentioned device 100 for estimating SOH. In this configuration, at least some of the components of the device 100 for estimating SOH may be implemented by supplementing or adding the functions of the components included in a traditional BMS. For example, the curve acquisition unit 110, the curve correction unit 120, the control unit 130, and the storage unit 140 of the device 100 for SOH may be implemented as components of a BMS. Additionally, the device 100 for estimating SOH according to the present disclosure may be provided in a battery pack. That is, the battery pack according to the present disclosure may include the above-mentioned device 100 for estimating SOH and at least one battery cell. Additionally, the battery pack may further include electrical components (relays, fuses, etc.) and a housing.

[0220] Figure 15 is a diagram showing an exemplary configuration of a battery pack 1 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0221] The positive terminal of the battery 10 may be connected to the positive terminal P+ of the battery pack 1 , and the negative terminal of the battery 10 may be connected to the negative terminal P− of the battery pack 1 .

[0222] The measuring unit 20 may be connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery 10. Additionally, the measuring unit 20 may measure the voltage of the battery 10 by measuring the positive and negative electrode potentials of the battery 10 and calculating the difference between the positive and negative electrode potentials. Preferably, the measuring unit 20 may measure the OCV of the battery 10.

[0223] In addition, the measuring unit 20 may be connected to the current measuring unit A. For example, the current measuring unit A may be an ammeter or a shunt resistor that can measure the charging current and the discharging current of the battery 10. The measuring unit 20 may calculate the charge capacity by measuring the charging current of the battery 10 using the current measuring unit A. Additionally, the measuring unit 20 may calculate the discharge capacity by measuring the discharge current of the battery 10 via the current measuring unit A.

[0224] For example, information about the voltage and capacity of the battery 10 measured by the measurement unit 20 may be transmitted to the curve obtaining unit 110. Additionally, the curve obtaining unit 110 may generate the OCV curve Rocv directly based on the received information about the voltage and capacity.

[0225] For another example, information about the voltage and capacity of the battery 10 measured by the measurement unit 20 may be stored in the storage unit 140. When charging or discharging of the battery 10 is completed, the curve obtaining unit 110 may access the storage unit 140 to obtain the OCV curve Rocv.

[0226] For another example, the measurement unit 20 may generate the OCV curve Rocv directly based on the measurement information about the voltage and capacity of the battery 10. In this case, the generated OCV curve Rocv may be transmitted to the curve obtaining unit 110 and may also be stored in the storage unit 140.

[0227] A charging / discharging device or load may be connected to the positive terminal P+ and the negative terminal P− of the battery pack 1 .

[0228] Figure 16 is a diagram schematically showing an exemplary configuration of a vehicle according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0229] refer to Figure 16 According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a battery pack 1610 may be included in a vehicle 1600 such as an electric vehicle (EV) or a hybrid vehicle (HV). Furthermore, the battery pack 1610 may drive the vehicle 1600 by supplying power to a motor via an inverter included in the vehicle 1600. Here, the battery pack 1610 may include the apparatus 100 for estimating the state of emergency (SOH). That is, the vehicle 1600 may include the apparatus 100 for estimating the state of emergency (SOH).

[0230] In this case, the apparatus 100 for estimating SOH may be an on-board diagnostic device included in the vehicle 1600. That is, the apparatus 100 for estimating SOH may estimate the SOH of the battery in various aspects based on the OCV curve of the battery included in the vehicle 1600. In addition, the apparatus 100 for estimating SOH may provide information about the estimated SOH to the user.

[0231] Figure 17 is a diagram schematically illustrating a method for estimating SOH according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0232] refer to Figure 17 , the method for estimating SOH may include a curve obtaining step ( S100 ), a curve adjusting step ( S200 ), a diagnostic factor extracting step ( S300 ), and a SOH estimating step ( S400 ).

[0233] Preferably, each step of the method for estimating SOH may be performed by the apparatus for estimating SOH 100. Hereinafter, for the convenience of explanation, contents overlapping with the above contents will be omitted or briefly described.

[0234] The curve obtaining step ( S100 ) is a step of obtaining an OCV curve Rocv of a plurality of OCVs of a battery measured at different time points, and may be performed by the curve obtaining unit 110 .

[0235] For example, the curve obtaining unit 110 may directly receive the OCV curve Rocv from the outside. That is, the curve obtaining unit 110 may obtain the OCV curve Rocv by receiving the OCV curve Rocv via a wired and / or wireless connection to the outside.

[0236] For another example, the curve obtaining unit 110 may receive battery information regarding the capacity and OCV of the battery. Additionally, the curve obtaining unit 110 may generate the OCV curve Rocv based on the received battery information. That is, the curve obtaining unit 110 may obtain the OCV curve Rocv by directly generating the OCV curve Rocv based on the battery information.

[0237] The curve adjustment step ( S200 ) is a step of generating an adjusted positive curve and an adjusted negative curve by adjusting a preset standard positive curve and a preset standard negative curve to correspond to the OCV curve Rocv, and may be performed by the curve correction unit 120 .

[0238] For example, the curve correction unit 120 may generate a plurality of comparative full-cell curves S by shifting or scaling the standard positive electrode curve Rp and the standard negative electrode curve Rn by their capacities, and may specify a comparative full-cell curve S having the smallest error with the OCV curve Rocv among the plurality of comparative full-cell curves S. Furthermore, an adjusted positive electrode curve and an adjusted negative electrode curve corresponding to the specified comparative full-cell curve S may be determined.

[0239] The diagnostic factor extraction step ( S300 ) is a step of extracting diagnostic factors related to the positive electrode participation start point and the positive electrode participation completion point of the battery from the adjusted positive electrode curve, and may be performed by the control unit 130 .

[0240] The SOH estimating step ( S400 ) is a step of estimating the available lithium SOH of the battery based on the extracted diagnostic factors, and may be performed by the control unit 130 .

[0241] Referring to Equation 3, the control unit 130 may estimate available lithium SOH (SOH_Li) based on the positive electrode participation starting point pi, the reference value R_pi, the positive electrode participation finishing point pf, and the reference value R_pf.

[0242] The embodiments of the present disclosure described above can be implemented not only by devices and methods, but also by programs that implement functions corresponding to the configurations of the embodiments of the present disclosure or recording media on which the programs are recorded. Those skilled in the art can easily implement the programs or recording media from the description of the embodiments described above.

[0243] The present disclosure has been described in detail. However, it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration only, as various changes and modifications within the scope of the present disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description.

[0244] In addition, those skilled in the art may make many substitutions, modifications and changes to the above-mentioned disclosure without departing from the technical aspects of the disclosure, and the disclosure is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments and drawings, and each embodiment may be selectively combined in part or in whole to allow various modifications.

[0245] (Explanation of Reference Signs)

[0246] 1: Battery pack

[0247] 10: Battery

[0248] 20: Measurement unit

[0249] 100: Apparatus for estimating SOH

[0250] 110: Curve acquisition unit

[0251] 120: Curve correction unit

[0252] 130: Control unit

[0253] 140: Storage unit

[0254] 1600: Vehicles

[0255] 1610: Battery Pack

Claims

1. An apparatus for estimating SOH, comprising: a curve obtaining unit configured to obtain an OCV curve of a plurality of OCVs of a battery measured at different time points; a curve correction unit configured to generate an adjusted positive electrode curve and an adjusted negative electrode curve by adjusting a preset standard positive electrode curve and a preset standard negative electrode curve to correspond to the OCV curve; as well as A control unit is configured to extract a diagnostic factor regarding a positive electrode participation starting point of the battery from the adjusted positive electrode curve, and estimate a usable lithium SOH of the battery based on the extracted diagnostic factor.

2. The apparatus for estimating SOH according to claim 1, in, The plurality of OCVs are configured to include OCVs measured at a time point when the battery transitions from an idle state to a discharged state and OCVs measured while maintaining a condition in which a discharge current of the battery is equal to or less than a preset threshold current for a preset standard time or longer.

3. The apparatus for estimating SOH according to claim 2, in, The plurality of OCVs are configured to include a plurality of OCVs measured within a preset standard period.

4. The apparatus for estimating SOH according to claim 3, in, The standard period is set based on a preset target period, a period required to measure a preset number of OCVs, a period required to reduce the SOH of the battery by a preset standard SOH, or a combination thereof.

5. The apparatus for estimating SOH according to claim 1, in, The curve correction unit is configured to generate a comparative full-cell curve based on the standard positive electrode curve and the standard negative electrode curve, and generate the adjusted positive electrode curve and the adjusted negative electrode curve by adjusting the standard positive electrode curve and the standard negative electrode curve until the generated comparative full-cell curve corresponds to the OCV curve.

6. The apparatus for estimating SOH according to claim 5, in, The curve correction unit is configured to determine a target capacity range corresponding to the OCV curve, and compare the comparative all-cell curve with the OCV curve within the target capacity range.

7. The apparatus for estimating SOH according to claim 1, in, The control unit is configured to estimate the available lithium SOH of the battery by comparing the value of the diagnostic factor with a standard value preset for the diagnostic factor.

8. The apparatus for estimating SOH according to claim 1, in, The control unit is configured to adjust a usage condition of the battery based on the estimated available lithium SOH. 9 . A battery pack comprising the apparatus for estimating SOH according to claim 1 .

10. A vehicle comprising the apparatus for estimating SOH according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

11. A server comprising the apparatus for estimating SOH according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

12. A method for estimating SOH, comprising: a curve obtaining step of obtaining an OCV curve of a plurality of OCVs of a battery measured at different time points; a curve adjustment step, wherein the curve adjustment step generates an adjusted positive electrode curve and an adjusted negative electrode curve by adjusting a preset standard positive electrode curve and a preset standard negative electrode curve to correspond to the OCV curve; a diagnostic factor extraction step of extracting a diagnostic factor regarding a positive electrode participation starting point of the battery from the adjusted positive electrode curve; as well as An SOH estimating step estimates the available lithium SOH of the battery based on the extracted diagnostic factors.

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