Anti-blocking rectifying tower

Abstract

The invention provides an anti-blocking rectifying tower, and belongs to the technical field of rectifying towers, the anti-blocking rectifying tower comprises a tower plate, and the tower plate is provided with a valve hole; the rotating assembly comprises an outer ring and an inner ring, the outer ring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the valve hole, the inner ring is rotationally connected to the interior of the outer ring, a driving impeller is arranged on the lower surface of the inner ring and used for driving the inner ring to rotate, a rotating shaft is arranged on the inner ring in the radial direction, and a plurality of floating valves are rotationally arranged on the rotating shaft in the axial direction; each floating valve is in sealing fit with the upper surface of the inner ring when rotating to a horizontal state, the side edges of every two adjacent floating valves abut against each other to form a closed structure, gas distribution covers are fixedly arranged on the lower surfaces of the floating valves, and dispersion holes are formed in the side walls and the bottom walls of the gas distribution covers; the problems that when the floating valve of the rectifying tower makes contact with a liquid phase, blockage is easily caused due to impurity attachment and accumulation, the self-cleaning effect is poor, and therefore the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency and stable operation of equipment are affected can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of distillation towers, and in particular to an anti-blocking distillation tower. Background Art

[0002] As an important gas-liquid contact device, distillation towers occupy an indispensable position in modern industrial production. Rectification towers rely on the principle of separating mixtures based on differences in component volatility. Through precise temperature control and mass transfer processes, they provide high-purity product solutions for various industries. Currently, the two main types of distillation towers commonly found on the market are plate towers and packed towers. In plate towers, the gas and liquid phases generally undergo multiple countercurrent contacts, with the gas and liquid phases generally forming a cross-flow pattern on each plate. In packed towers, the gas and liquid phases undergo continuous countercurrent contact.

[0003] The plate tower family includes typical structures such as bubble tower, sieve plate tower, and float valve tower. As the mainstream model among them, the float valve plate distillation tower has significant technical advantages: its unique float valve structure can automatically adjust the opening according to the gas velocity, which greatly improves the flexibility of tower plate operation. Compared with the sieve plate tower with a fixed aperture, the float valve tower has significantly improved the gas-liquid contact efficiency, especially the mass transfer performance advantage under medium and low gas velocity conditions; the structural design eliminates the complex riser components of the bubble tower, combining high efficiency and economy. However, when processing complex materials containing impurities, solid particles or high-viscosity components are prone to adhere and accumulate in the tower plate valve holes and float valve guide grooves. As the operating time increases, the float valve gradually becomes stuck and fails, which in turn causes instability in the entire production process, increasing equipment maintenance costs and the risk of production interruptions. Referring to the Chinese patent document with the announcement number CN119565199B and the announcement date of May 30, 2025, the title is a distillation tower with an anti-clogging structure, which includes a tower plate with a sieve hole formed on the tower plate; a float arranged on the upper side of the sieve hole, the diameter of the float is larger than the diameter of the sieve hole, and the peripheral wall of the float is formed with a plurality of grooves; a plurality of elastic arc plates are fixed on the upper side of the sieve hole in a centrally symmetrical manner, the upper ends of the plurality of elastic arc plates form an open end with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the float, a spacing is formed between adjacent elastic arc plates, and a gap is formed between the inner wall of the elastic arc plate and the peripheral wall of the float.

[0004] Referring to the above technical solution, through the cooperation of the float and the elastic arc plate, the elastic arc plate can continuously vibrate during the rolling process of the float, reducing the probability of tower plate blockage. When facing some materials with high viscosity, large impurity content or special chemical properties, scaling will inevitably appear on the surface of the elastic arc plate. It is difficult to remove the scaling impurities by relying solely on the vibration of the elastic arc plate. After a long period of accumulation, the gap between the two adjacent elastic arc plates is reduced, affecting the normal circulation of the gas phase, and the anti-blocking effect is not ideal. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present application provides an anti-blocking distillation tower, which aims to solve the problem that the existing distillation tower float valve is easily stuck due to impurities adhesion and accumulation when in contact with the liquid phase, and the self-cleaning effect is weak, thereby affecting the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency and stable operation of the equipment.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides an anti-blocking distillation tower, comprising: A tower plate, wherein a valve hole is provided on the tower plate; The rotating assembly includes an outer ring and an inner ring. The outer ring is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the valve hole, and the inner ring is rotatably connected to the inside of the outer ring. A driving impeller is provided on the lower surface of the inner ring for driving the inner ring to rotate. The inner ring is radially provided with a rotating shaft, and a plurality of float valves are axially rotatably provided on the rotating shaft. When each of the float valves rotates to a horizontal state, it forms a sealing fit with the upper surface of the inner ring, and the sides of two adjacent float valves abut against each other to form a closed structure.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, when the gas phase rises from the middle of the tower body, a pressure difference will be generated on both ends of the float valve due to uneven flow rate and distribution. One side of the float valve is rotated and lifted around the rotating axis by the thrust, so that the inner ring is connected up and down, and the gas phase and the liquid phase of the tower plate are in contact and mass transfer; the greater the flow rate, the greater the pressure difference, the greater the torsion angle of the float valve, and the more float valves on the same rotating axis are opened, thereby realizing the adaptive adjustment of the valve hole opening according to the gas phase flow rate. This adaptive mechanism can stabilize the gas flow rate within a reasonable range, avoiding the decrease in mass transfer efficiency due to sudden changes in flow rate. When the gas phase flow rate decreases, the float valve falls back, reducing the valve hole opening and maintaining the dynamic balance of flow rate. In addition, the driving impeller can be pushed by the rising gas phase, driving the inner ring to rotate, causing the float valve and gas distribution cover to rotate circumferentially. On the one hand, the shear force of the gas phase ejection carries away solid particles, reducing precipitation accumulation around the inner ring; on the other hand, the gas phase is dispersed into the liquid phase from different circumferential directions, improving the uniformity of gas-liquid mass transfer. The structural design takes into account both anti-blocking and improvement of mass transfer efficiency. In particular, during the opening, closing and swinging process of the float valve, the sides of adjacent float valves will scrape against each other, and the upper surface of the inner ring forms a scraping fit with the end face of the float valve, which can effectively remove a small amount of solid impurities adhered to the side wall and end face of the float valve, avoiding the long-term accumulation of impurities and the increase of adhesion strength, which in turn causes the float valve to jam and affect its normal rotation, further enhancing the anti-blocking effect from the mechanical structure.

[0008] Optionally, a gas distribution cover is fixedly provided on the lower surface of the float valve, and dispersion holes are provided on the side walls and bottom wall of the gas distribution cover. The bottom wall of the gas distribution cover is slidably matched with the inner spherical surface of the inner ring.

[0009] By adopting this technical solution, the dispersion holes in the gas distribution hood disperse the gas phase into fine bubbles, increasing the contact area with the liquid phase and significantly improving mass transfer efficiency. As the float valve rotates about its axis, the gas distribution hood rotates synchronously with the float valve. The sliding connection between its bottom wall and the inner spherical surface of the inner ring ensures smooth rotation. Furthermore, the bottom walls of adjacent gas distribution hoods form a spherical structure, guiding the gas phase to diffuse evenly and avoiding localized mass transfer efficiency reductions caused by concentrated airflow.

[0010] Optionally, a balancing weight ball is movably provided inside the gas distribution cover, and when the float valve rotates around the axis of the rotating shaft, the balancing weight ball rolls inside the gas distribution cover.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the float valve is tilted by the thrust of the gas phase, the balancing weight ball rolls in the gas distribution hood in the direction of tilt, and its center of gravity offset generates a reset torque around the rotation axis. When the flow rate weakens, the reset torque overcomes the residual pressure of the airflow, so that the float valve is quickly reset to a horizontal state, shortening the reset time and avoiding liquid leakage due to slow reset of the float valve. In addition, the presence of the balancing weight ball increases the inertial resistance of the float valve during rotation, which can suppress the frequent oscillations of the float valve caused by airflow fluctuations, making the valve hole opening adjustment smoother. This reset mechanism based on gravity eccentricity does not require additional power and achieves adaptive reset only through structural design.

[0012] Optionally, protrusions are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the balancing weight ball, and the protrusions can be inserted into the dispersion holes when the balancing weight ball rolls.

[0013] By adopting this technical solution, as the balancing weight ball rolls, its surface protrusions randomly insert into the inner wall of the dispersion hole. The rigid compression and friction of the protrusions dislodge accumulated solid particles, crystals, and other impurities, removing them from the holes and preventing them from clogging. The balancing weight ball's reset function is combined with its anti-blocking function to form an integrated reset and cleanup mechanism. Furthermore, the slight vibration generated by the protrusions as they enter the dispersion hole accelerates the separation of impurities from the gas distribution hood, further enhancing the anti-blocking effect and ensuring the long-term smooth operation of the gas distribution system.

[0014] Optionally, arc-shaped baffles are uniformly provided on the circumference of the lower surface of the outer ring, and a gap is provided between the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped baffles and the outer arc surface of the bottom wall of the gas distribution cover.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when the gas phase pushes one side of the float valve to rise, the other side falls. The airflow on the falling side is blocked by the arc baffle and changes its flow direction, so that the gas phase is more evenly dispersed in the liquid phase, thereby improving the mass transfer efficiency. At the same time, when the gas distribution hood rotates with the inner ring, the gap between the arc baffle and the bottom wall of the gas distribution hood forms a scraping interval. The inner arc surface of the arc baffle can scrape off part of the particulate impurities attached to the surface of the gas distribution hood that are pushed out by the protrusions, avoiding thick accumulation of particles that affect the rotation of the gas distribution hood or block the dispersion holes. The arc baffle is evenly arranged circumferentially to ensure the cleanliness of the gas distribution hood in all directions. The relative movement between the arc baffle and the gas distribution hood forms a dynamic anti-blocking mechanism, and the internal scraping of the balance weight ball achieves the effect of internal and external double anti-blocking, significantly improving the anti-blocking ability of the equipment.

[0016] Optionally, the driving impeller includes a connecting plate, a fixed shaft and blades, the connecting plates are axially arrayed on the lower surface of the inner ring, the fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting plate, the blades are circumferentially and evenly arranged on the outer arc surface of the fixed shaft, and the upper ends of the connecting plates are located between the outer arc surface of the gas distribution cover and the inner arc surface of the arc baffle.

[0017] Through this technical solution, the rising gas phase drives the blades, which in turn drive the inner ring through the fixed shaft and connecting plate. The blades' rotation converts the kinetic energy of the gas phase into rotational power for the inner ring, causing the float valve and gas distribution hood to rotate circumferentially. This forces the gas phase to enter the liquid phase from different directions around the inner ring, preventing concentrated gas flow and uneven gas-liquid contact on the tray surface. Furthermore, the blades disperse the gas phase, balancing the gas velocity distribution and reducing fluctuations in mass transfer efficiency caused by velocity differences. Furthermore, the connecting plate is positioned between the gas distribution hood and the curved baffle to avoid interference with the baffle. Its rotation disrupts the airflow in the gap between the two, enhancing turbulence and further improving gas-liquid mixing. As the inner ring rotates, the float valve oscillates irregularly due to the uneven gas distribution, reducing the probability of solid particles depositing on the dispersion holes. Combined with the scraping action of the curved baffle, this creates a synergistic mechanism of rotational dispersion, oscillating blockage prevention, and turbulence enhancement, driving both blockage prevention and mass transfer efficiency improvements.

[0018] Optionally, a scraper strip is circumferentially provided on the upper surface of the inner ring, and the outer end of the scraper strip extends in an involute shape.

[0019] By adopting this technical solution, as the inner ring rotates, the scraper rotates with it, generating radial thrust on the solid particles around the inner ring on the tray surface, pushing them radially away from the valve orifice and preventing particle accumulation around the valve orifice. The involute shape of the scraper gradually changes the direction of its thrust on the particles as it rotates, effectively cleaning particles at different locations and extending the cleaning range. Furthermore, the rotation of the scraper disturbs the liquid phase on the tray, increasing liquid turbulence, accelerating the renewal of the gas-liquid interface, and enhancing mass transfer between the gas and liquid phases. The scraper combines mechanical cleaning with flow field optimization, solving the problem of blockage around the valve orifice while improving mass transfer efficiency through flow field disturbance, achieving multifunctional integration of structural design.

[0020] Optionally, it further includes a tower body, wherein the tower plates are arranged in an array on the inner wall of the tower body along the height direction of the tower body, an overflow weir is fixedly installed on one side of the tower plates, and two adjacent overflow weirs are located on opposite sides of the tower body axis.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the overflow weirs are staggered on opposite sides of the tower axis, which extends the flow path of the liquid phase on the tower plate, increases the gas-liquid contact time and area, and thus improves the component separation effect.

[0022] Optionally, the lower surface of the overflow weir is flush with the upper surface of the adjacent overflow weir below, which can reduce the height difference when the liquid falls, reduce impact disturbance, and avoid the decrease in gas-liquid contact efficiency caused by uneven liquid level distribution on the tower plate.

[0023] Optionally, mounting seats are evenly and fixedly installed on the outer arc surface of the tower body around the circumference, which facilitates the lifting and fixing of the equipment, ensures the stability of the tower body during operation, and provides reliable structural support for internal gas-liquid mass transfer.

[0024] In summary, compared with the prior art, this application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. As the gas phase rises from the middle of the tower body, one side of the float valve is thrust and rotates and lifts around the rotation axis, connecting the inner ring from top to bottom. The valve opening is adaptively adjusted according to the gas phase flow rate to stabilize the gas flow rate within a reasonable range. When the gas phase flow rate decreases, the float valve falls back, reducing the valve opening and maintaining a dynamic balance of flow rate. In addition, the driving impeller can be pushed by the rising gas phase, driving the inner ring to rotate, causing the float valve and gas distribution cover to rotate circumferentially. On the one hand, the shear force of the gas phase ejection removes solid particles and reduces the accumulation of sediment around the inner ring. In addition, during the opening, closing and swinging process of the float valve, the sides of adjacent float valves will scrape against each other, and the upper surface of the inner ring forms a scraping fit with the end face of the float valve, which can effectively remove small amounts of solid impurities adhering to the side walls and end faces of the float valve, preventing the long-term accumulation of impurities and the increase in adhesion strength, which in turn causes the float valve to jam and affect its normal rotation, further enhancing the anti-blocking effect.

[0025] 2. When the float valve is tilted by the thrust of the gas phase, the balancing weight ball rolls in the gas distribution cover in the direction of the tilt. When the flow rate weakens, the float valve quickly resets to a horizontal state under the action of the gravity of the balancing weight ball, shortening the reset time and avoiding liquid leakage caused by slow reset of the float valve. In addition, the presence of the balancing weight ball increases the inertial resistance of the float valve during rotation, which can suppress the frequent oscillation of the float valve caused by airflow fluctuations, making the valve hole opening adjustment more stable. Moreover, during the rolling process of the balancing weight ball, the surface protrusions randomly insert into the inner wall of the dispersion hole. The rigid extrusion and friction of the protrusions are used to push out the accumulated solid particles, crystals and other impurities, and the impurities are peeled off from the hole to prevent the accumulation of impurities and blockage of the channel.

[0026] 3. When the gas phase pushes one side of the float valve to rise, the other side falls. The airflow on the falling side is blocked by the arc baffle and changes its flow direction, so that the gas phase is more evenly dispersed in the liquid phase, thereby improving the mass transfer efficiency. At the same time, when the gas distribution hood rotates with the inner ring, the gap between the arc baffle and the bottom wall of the gas distribution hood forms a "scraping zone". The inner arc surface of the arc baffle can scrape off the particulate impurities attached to the surface of the gas distribution hood that are pushed out by the protrusions, thereby preventing thick accumulation of particles from affecting the rotation of the gas distribution hood or clogging the dispersion holes. Combined with the internal scraping of the balancing weight ball, it achieves the effect of internal and external double anti-blocking, significantly improving the anti-blocking ability of the equipment.

[0027] 4. As the inner ring rotates, the scraper follows it, generating radial thrust on solid particles around the inner ring on the tray surface, pushing them radially away from the valve orifice and preventing particle accumulation around it. Furthermore, the rotation of the scraper disturbs the liquid phase on the tray, increasing liquid turbulence, accelerating the renewal of the gas-liquid interface, and enabling more complete mass transfer between the gas and liquid phases. This not only solves the problem of blockage around the valve orifice, but also improves mass transfer efficiency through flow field disturbance, achieving multifunctional integrated structural design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-blocking distillation tower for this application; Figure 2 For this application Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of area A in the middle; Figure 3 For this application Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle area B; Figure 4 This is a front view structural diagram of the rotating assembly, driving impeller and gas distribution cover of this application; Figure 5 For this application Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle area C; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the float valve and gas distribution cover of this application; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the balancing weight ball in this application.

[0029] Explanation of the accompanying reference numerals: 1. Tower body; 101. Mounting seat; 2. Tower plate; 21. Valve hole; 22. Overflow weir; 3. Rotating assembly; 31. Outer ring; 32. Inner ring; 321. Rotating shaft; 4. Driving impeller; 41. Connecting plate; 42. Fixed shaft; 43. Blade; 5. Float valve; 6. Gas distribution hood; 61. Dispersion hole; 7. Balance weight ball; 71. Protrusion; 8. Arc baffle; 9. Scraper bar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following is a summary of the embodiments of this application. Figure 1-Figure 7 , clearly and completely describes the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the described embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 The present embodiment provides an anti-blocking distillation tower, comprising a tower body 1, a tower plate 2, a rotating assembly 3 and a float valve 5. Mounting seats 101 are fixedly installed uniformly on the circumferential outer arc surface of the tower body 1. The tower plates 2 are arranged in an array on the inner wall of the tower body 1 along the height direction of the tower body 1. An overflow weir 22 is fixedly installed on one side of the tower plate 2. Two adjacent overflow weirs 22 are located on opposite sides of the axis of the tower body 1. The staggered arrangement extends the flow path of the liquid on the tower plate 2, increases the contact time and contact area of ​​the gas phase and the liquid phase, and thus improves the component separation effect. The lower surface of the overflow weir 22 is flush with the upper surface of the adjacent overflow weir 22 below. When the liquid overflows from the overflow weir 22, the upper and lower surfaces are flush, and the height difference of the liquid falling is reduced, which can reduce the impact disturbance of the liquid when falling and avoid uneven liquid level distribution on the tower plate 2.

[0032] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 6 A valve hole 21 is provided on the tower plate 2, and the rotating assembly 3 includes an outer ring 31 and an inner ring 32. The outer ring 31 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the valve hole 21 to provide support for the inner ring 32. The inner ring 32 is rotatably connected to the inside of the outer ring 31. The inner ring 32 is radially provided with a rotating shaft 321, and the rotating shaft 321 intersects the axis of the inner ring 32 perpendicularly. A plurality of float valves 5 are axially rotatably provided on the rotating shaft 321. When each float valve 5 rotates to a horizontal state, it forms a sealing fit with the upper surface of the inner ring 32, and the sides of two adjacent float valves 5 abut against each other to form a closed structure to prevent the liquid phase from leaking directly downward from the inner ring 32. A driving impeller 4 is provided on the lower surface of the inner ring 32 for driving the inner ring 32 to rotate.

[0033] As the gas phase rises from the center of the tower body 1, the uneven gas flow rate and distribution create a pressure differential across the two ends of the float valve 5, pushing one side of the float valve 5 to rotate and lift along the axis of the rotating shaft 321, connecting the lower and upper parts of the inner ring 32. This allows the gas to contact and transfer mass with the liquid phase accumulated on the surface of the tower plate 2. The greater the gas phase flow rate, the greater the pressure differential generated, and the greater the angle at which the float valve 5 is twisted. The larger the area of ​​action of the gas phase, the more float valves 5 rotatably connected to the same rotating shaft 321 are opened, thereby achieving adaptive adjustment of the valve orifice 21 opening according to the gas phase. This adaptive adjustment mechanism stabilizes the gas flow rate through the float valve 5 within a reasonable range, preventing a decrease in mass transfer efficiency caused by sudden changes in flow rate. When the gas phase flow rate decreases, the float valve 5 gradually falls back under the action of its own gravity, reducing the valve orifice 21 opening and maintaining a relatively stable gas flow rate. This dynamic balance helps maintain the stability and efficiency of the distillation process.

[0034] It is worth noting that when the float valve 5 rotates around the rotating shaft 321, the sides of adjacent float valves 5 will slide relative to each other, forming a mutual scraping effect. At the same time, the upper surface of the inner ring 32 is tightly fitted with the end face of the float valve 5, and a scraping effect is generated when the float valve 5 is reset or rotated. The fine impurities adhered to the side walls and end faces of the float valve 5 can be scraped off to prevent the impurities from hardening due to long-term accumulation, causing the float valve 5 to jam, further ensuring the flexible operation of the float valve 5.

[0035] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The lower surface of the float valve 5 is fixed with a gas distribution cover 6, and the side wall and bottom wall of the gas distribution cover 6 are provided with dispersion holes 61, which are evenly distributed in a honeycomb shape. The bottom walls of adjacent gas distribution covers 6 form a spherical structure, and the bottom walls of the gas distribution covers 6 are slidably matched with the inner spherical surface of the inner ring 32 (such as Figure 6 As shown in FIG5 ), the center of the inner sphere of the inner ring 32 coincides with the center of rotation of the inner ring 32. A balancing weight ball 7 is movably provided inside the gas distribution cover 6. When the float valve 5 rotates around the axis of the rotation shaft 321, the balancing weight ball 7 rolls inside the gas distribution cover 6, and the balancing weight ball 7 has a tendency to drive the float valve 5 to reset to a horizontal state. Specifically, the center of gravity of the balancing weight ball 7 shifts as the float valve 5 tilts, generating a reset torque around the rotation shaft 321. When the gas flow rate decreases, this torque can overcome the residual pressure of the airflow to quickly reset the float valve 5, shortening the reset time. The outer surface of the balancing weight ball 7 is evenly distributed with protrusions 71 (as shown in FIG5 ). Figure 7 As shown, protrusions 71 can be inserted into dispersion holes 61 as the balancing weight 7 rolls. This mechanical scraping action dislodges impurities accumulated on the inner walls of dispersion holes 61, preventing them from clogging and impacting gas flow. The presence of the balancing weight 7 not only enhances the resetting capability of the float valve 5 but also effectively prevents clogging of the dispersion holes 61 through its mechanical action during rolling, ensuring uniform and stable gas distribution.

[0036] The gas phase enters the gas distribution cover 6 through the dispersion holes 61 below the inner ring 32, and pushes the float valve 5 to rotate along the axis of the rotating shaft 321, so that the float valve 5 is opened. Then the gas phase is dispersed into the liquid phase through the dispersion holes 61 above the inner ring 32 for mass transfer. The distribution design of the dispersion holes 61 can disperse the gas phase into fine bubbles, increase the contact area with the liquid phase, and thus improve the mass transfer efficiency. The rotation of the float valve 5 drives the gas distribution cover 6 to rotate, and the balance weight ball 7 rolls inside the gas distribution cover 6. During this process, the protrusions 71 are randomly inserted into the corresponding dispersion holes 61, so that the gas accumulated in the dispersion holes 61 is dispersed. Impurities on the inner wall of the dispersion hole 61 are pushed out to the outside to avoid excessive accumulation of impurities and clogging the dispersion hole 61, thereby affecting the normal flow of the gas phase; in addition, the tilt of the balancing weight ball 7 to one side increases the imbalance of the float valve 5 on both sides of the rotating shaft 321. When the gas phase flow rate weakens, the auxiliary float valve 5 quickly resets to a horizontal state. This is because the eccentric effect of the balancing weight ball 7 will produce a reset torque, which enables the float valve 5 to respond in time when the airflow changes, avoiding the slow reset of the float valve 5 and causing liquid phase leakage. The rotation of the gas distribution hood 6 also makes the distribution of the gas phase in the liquid phase more uniform, further improving the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency.

[0037] Reference Figure 4 The driving impeller 4 includes a connecting piece 41, a fixed shaft 42 and blades 43. The connecting piece 41 is fixedly arranged in an axial array on the lower surface of the inner ring 32. The fixed shaft 42 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting piece 41. The blades 43 are evenly fixed on the outer arc surface of the fixed shaft 42 in a circumferential direction.

[0038] During the rising process of the gas phase, its kinetic energy is transferred to the blades 43, which drives the blades 43 to rotate, and drives the inner ring 32 to rotate along the inner ring of the outer ring 31 through the fixed shaft 42 and the connecting piece 41. The rotation of the blades 43 can not only drive the inner ring 32 to rotate, but also have a certain dispersion effect on the rising gas phase, making the velocity distribution of the gas phase more uniform, avoiding excessive concentration of the gas phase and reducing the mass transfer efficiency with the liquid phase. The inner ring 32 drives the float valve 5 and the gas distribution cover 6 to rotate along the axis of the inner ring 32 through the rotating shaft 321, so that the gas phase is dispersed from different directions around the inner ring 32 into the liquid phase, which can improve the uniformity of the distribution of the gas phase on the tower plate 2, thereby improving the mass transfer efficiency between the gas phase and the liquid phase. At the same time, the shear force generated when the gas phase is ejected horizontally or obliquely can carry away the surrounding condensed solid precipitation particles, reduce the accumulation of solid precipitation around the inner ring 32, and reduce the blockage of the dispersion hole 61. In addition, due to the uneven distribution of the gas phase (the reasons for the unevenness include fluctuations in the gas phase flow rate and the interference of the liquid flow on the gas path in the gas-liquid mass transfer), the float valve 5 is subjected to uneven gas thrust during the rotation process, and the float valve 5 will swing irregularly along the rotating shaft 321, further reducing the probability of solid precipitation accumulating on the surface of the dispersion hole 61. The rotation of the driving impeller 4 can also enhance the turbulence of the gas-liquid two phases, promote the renewal of the gas-liquid interface, and thus improve the mass transfer efficiency.

[0039] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The lower surface of the outer ring 31 is evenly circumferentially provided with arc-shaped baffles 8, and there is a gap between the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped baffle 8 and the outer arc surface of the bottom wall of the gas distribution cover 6. The upper end of the connecting piece 41 is located between the outer arc surface of the gas distribution cover 6 and the inner arc surface of the arc baffle 8. During the rising process of the gas phase, one side of the float valve 5 is pushed up and the other side is lowered. At this time, the gas on the lifted side is dispersed into the liquid phase through the dispersion hole 61, and the airflow on the lowering side of the float valve 5 is blocked by the arc-shaped baffle 8 and changes its flow direction, forming turbulence, enhancing gas-liquid mixing, and during the rotation of the gas distribution cover 6 along the axis of the inner ring 32, the arc-shaped baffle 8 can partially scrape and clean the solid particles pushed out by the protrusion 71 on the surface of the gas distribution cover 6, and the particles are scraped off the surface of the gas distribution cover 6 through the relative movement between the arc-shaped baffle 8 and the gas distribution cover 6 to avoid excessive accumulation and affecting the circulation of the gas phase. The setting of the arc-shaped baffle 8 not only enhances the gas-liquid mixing effect, but also further improves the anti-blocking ability.

[0040] In addition, the gas distribution cover 6, dispersion holes 61, balance weight ball 7 and arc baffle 8 and other structures below the float valve 5 are only in contact with the gas phase, and the impurity concentration in the gas phase is much lower than that in the liquid phase. The high-speed airflow continuously flushes the surface, which can reduce the adhesion of common crystals, polymers and solid particles in the liquid phase. Combined with the mechanical scraping of the balance weight ball 7 and the arc baffle 8, a dual anti-blocking mechanism of gas phase flushing and structural cleaning is formed.

[0041] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 6 A scraper 9 is circumferentially arranged on the upper surface of the inner ring 32, and the outer end of the scraper 9 extends in an involute shape. In the process of the inner ring 32 rotating along its own axis, the scraper 9 rotates with the inner ring 32. Since the outer end of the scraper 9 extends in an involute shape, the scraper 9 generates a radial thrust on the solid particles on the surface of the tower plate 2 around the inner ring 32 during rotation, pushing the particles to the edge of the tower plate 2, assisting in cleaning the area around the inner ring 32, further reducing the probability of solid particles adhering to the surface of the gas distribution hood 6, and improving the anti-blocking effect. In addition, when the scraper 9 rotates, it disturbs the flow of the liquid, increases the turbulence of the liquid, accelerates the renewal of the gas-liquid interface, and further improves the mass transfer efficiency. The involute design of the scraper 9 enables it to clean the surface of the tower plate 2 more effectively during rotation, while enhancing the turbulence of the liquid, which is conducive to improving the mass transfer efficiency.

[0042] The implementation principle of an anti-blocking distillation tower in the embodiment of the present application is: The liquid phase enters the tower body 1 from the top and flows along the trays 2. The staggered arrangement of overflow weirs 22 on the trays 2 extends the liquid flow path, increasing the contact time and area with the gas phase, and enhancing separation efficiency. When the liquid level on tray 2 rises, the liquid overflows the overflow weirs 22 onto the lower tray 2. Because the upper and lower surfaces of the overflow weirs 22 are flush, the liquid's drop height difference is minimal, minimizing impact disturbances and preventing uneven liquid levels from affecting gas-liquid contact efficiency. Simultaneously, the gas phase enters the feed port at the lower center of the tower body 1. During its ascent, uneven flow rate and distribution create a pressure differential across the float valve 5, pushing one side of the float valve 5 to rotate and lift around the rotation axis 321, connecting the inner ring 32 from top to bottom, allowing gas to contact and transfer mass with the liquid on tray 2. The greater the gas flow rate, the greater the pressure differential, and the greater the twist angle of the float valve 5. The larger the active area, the more float valves 5 open on the same rotation axis 321. This allows the valve orifice 21 opening to be adaptively adjusted according to the gas flow rate, stabilizing the flow rate and ensuring mass transfer efficiency.

[0043] When gas enters the gas distribution hood 6 below the inner ring 32, it is dispersed into tiny bubbles through the dispersion holes 61 in the side and bottom walls, which then enter the liquid for mass transfer. The rotation of the float valve 5 drives the rotation of the gas distribution hood 6. The internal counterweight 7 shifts its center of gravity as it tilts, generating a restoring torque. This quickly resets the float valve 5 when the gas flow rate decreases. Simultaneously, the protrusions 71 on the outer surface of the counterweight 7 roll into the dispersion holes 61, mechanically scraping away impurities from the inner wall and preventing clogging of the dispersion holes 61. Furthermore, the rising gas drives the blades 43 of the impeller 4 to rotate, driving the inner ring 32 through the fixed shaft 42 and connecting piece 41. The blades 43 not only disperse the gas for uniform distribution but also cause the inner ring 32 to rotate the float valve 5 and gas distribution hood 6 circumferentially, allowing gas to enter the liquid from different directions and improving mass transfer uniformity. During rotation, the shear force of the gas ejection dissipates solid particles, reducing the accumulation of sediment around the inner ring 32.

[0044] There is a gap between the arc-shaped baffle 8 under the outer ring 31 and the bottom wall of the gas distribution hood 6. When the gas pushes the float valve 5 to rise, the airflow on the descending side is blocked by the arc-shaped baffle 8 to form turbulence, thereby enhancing gas-liquid mixing. When the gas distribution hood 6 rotates, the arc-shaped baffle 8 scrapes off the particles on its surface to help prevent blockage. The scraper 9 rotates with the inner ring 32, pushing the solid particles on the surface of the tower plate 2 around the inner ring 32 radially to the edge, cleaning the surrounding area, and at the same time disturbing the liquid to increase turbulence and accelerate the renewal of the gas-liquid interface. Finally, after the gas-liquid mass transfer separation of the multiple layers of tower plates 2, the gas phase is discharged from the top of the tower body 1 and the liquid phase flows out from the bottom of the tower body 1, realizing efficient separation of the components. Moreover, through the synergistic effect of various components, the blockage of the dispersion holes 61 and other parts is effectively avoided, ensuring the stable operation of the equipment.

[0045] In addition, in the description of this application, the terms "install", "connect", "connect", and "set" should be understood in a broad sense. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A blockage-proof distillation tower, characterized in that: include: A tower plate (2), wherein a valve hole (21) is formed on the tower plate (2); A rotating assembly (3) comprises an outer ring (31) and an inner ring (32), wherein the outer ring (31) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the valve hole (21), and the inner ring (32) is rotatably connected to the interior of the outer ring (31). A driving impeller (4) is provided on the lower surface of the inner ring (32) for driving the inner ring (32) to rotate. The inner ring (32) is radially provided with a rotating shaft (321), and a plurality of float valves (5) are axially rotatably provided on the rotating shaft (321). When each of the float valves (5) rotates to a horizontal state, it forms a sealing fit with the upper surface of the inner ring (32), and the sides of two adjacent float valves (5) abut against each other to form a closed structure.

2. The anti-blocking distillation tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas distribution cover (6) is fixedly provided on the lower surface of the float valve (5), and dispersion holes (61) are provided on the side wall and bottom wall of the gas distribution cover (6). The bottom wall of the gas distribution cover (6) is slidably fitted with the inner spherical surface of the inner ring (32).

3. The anti-blocking distillation tower according to claim 2, characterized in that: A balancing weight ball (7) is movably provided inside the gas distribution cover (6). When the float valve (5) rotates around the axis of the rotating shaft (321), the balancing weight ball (7) rolls inside the gas distribution cover (6).

4. The anti-blocking distillation tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer surface of the balancing weight ball (7) is evenly distributed with protrusions (71), and the protrusions (71) can be inserted into the interior of the dispersion holes (61) when the balancing weight ball (7) rolls.

5. The anti-blocking distillation tower according to claim 2, characterized in that: Arc-shaped baffles (8) are evenly arranged on the circumference of the lower surface of the outer ring (31), and gaps are provided between the inner arc surfaces of the arc-shaped baffles (8) and the outer arc surface of the bottom wall of the gas distribution cover (6).

6. The anti-blocking distillation tower according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving impeller (4) includes a connecting piece (41), a fixed shaft (42) and blades (43), wherein the connecting piece (41) is axially arrayed on the lower surface of the inner ring (32), the fixed shaft (42) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting piece (41), and the blades (43) are circumferentially uniformly arranged on the outer arc surface of the fixed shaft (42), and the upper ends of the connecting pieces (41) are located between the outer arc surface of the gas distribution cover (6) and the inner arc surface of the arc baffle (8).

7. The anti-blocking distillation tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: A scraper strip (9) is circumferentially provided on the upper surface of the inner ring (32), and the outer end of the scraper strip (9) extends in an involute shape.

8. The anti-blocking distillation tower according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It also includes a tower body (1), wherein the tower plates (2) are arranged in an array on the inner wall of the tower body (1) along the height direction of the tower body (1), and an overflow weir (22) is fixedly installed on one side of the tower plates (2), and two adjacent overflow weirs (22) are respectively located on opposite sides of the axis of the tower body (1).

9. The anti-blocking distillation tower according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower surface of each overflow weir (22) is flush with the upper surface of the adjacent overflow weir (22) below.

10. The anti-blocking distillation tower according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer arc surface of the tower body (1) is evenly and fixedly mounted with mounting seats (101) along the circumference.

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