A welding fume collection and filtration apparatus for a welding shop

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of smoke filtering, and particularly relates to a welding smoke collecting and filtering device for welding workshop. The welding smoke collecting and filtering device for welding workshop comprises a purifier and a dust cover in communication. The dust cover comprises a shell which is in a cylindrical structure and has a storage space formed by inwardly folding the bottom end. A filter part is inserted into the shell. The filter part is in a bowl structure, and the bowl opening faces the bottom end of the shell. The bottom end of the filter part is inserted into the storage space, and a gas flow path is formed between the filter part and the shell. A plurality of filter holes are arranged on the sidewall of the filter part. A plurality of flow guide parts are arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the filter part, and the flow guide parts are in a spiral structure. By arranging the storage space and the cooperating filter part and flow guide part, two flow paths are formed at the filter holes and the gas flow path when filtering the welding smoke. The solid impurities can be uniformly collected in the storage space, the smoke leakage phenomenon can be reduced, and the filtering effect can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fume filtration technology, and in particular to a welding fume collection and filtration device for welding workshops. Background Technology

[0002] During welding operations, a chemical reaction occurs when the welding rod comes into contact with the workpiece, generating a large amount of welding fumes. These fumes typically contain various toxic substances such as metal oxides and nitrogen oxides, with particle sizes ranging from 0.1 to 10 micrometers, exhibiting strong diffusion and adsorption properties. If these welding fumes are emitted directly without purification, the following effects will occur: First, fine particles will remain suspended in the atmosphere for extended periods, participating in atmospheric circulation and causing a sustained impact on regional air quality; second, the accumulation of fumes in the workshop will reduce visibility and interfere with the precision of welding operations; third, particulate matter can enter the human body through the respiratory tract, depositing in the lungs and even entering the bloodstream, causing respiratory diseases and metal poisoning, among other health problems.

[0003] The core principle of existing purification methods for welding fumes lies in constructing a synergistic system of airflow guidance and filtration separation through purification equipment. Taking the welding fume purification device for welding workshops disclosed in Chinese patent CN218221537U as an example, it can filter the welding fumes generated in the welding workshop by setting up a dust collection hood and a filter assembly located inside the dust collection hood.

[0004] However, the aforementioned welding fume purification devices for welding workshops also have some problems in actual use: On the one hand, the filter components block solid impurities on the outside during the filtration process, but when the equipment is shut down, these solid impurities attached to the filter components will fall back into the workshop environment due to gravity. This not only makes it impossible to collect solid impurities in a concentrated manner, but also causes secondary pollution, increasing the workload and difficulty of subsequent cleaning operations; On the other hand, the filter components are prone to blockage due to the accumulation of solid impurities after long-term use. When the permeability of the filter components decreases, the negative pressure at the dust collection hood will weaken accordingly, resulting in a significant reduction in the amount of smoke entering. At this time, the welding fumes generated in the welding area cannot be sucked into the purification device in time, resulting in the leakage of welding fumes, which causes the air quality in the welding workshop to deteriorate again, and the purification device loses its protective function. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a welding fume collection and filtration device for welding workshops to address the problem of incomplete filtration in the current welding fume treatment process.

[0006] The above objectives are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A welding fume collection and filtration device for a welding workshop, the welding fume collection and filtration device comprising a purifier and a dust collection hood connected together;

[0008] The purifier is configured to both generate a negative pressure environment inside the dust collection hood and purify welding fumes.

[0009] The dust hood includes an outer shell, which is cylindrical in shape and has an inwardly folded bottom to form an annular storage space. A filter is inserted inside the outer shell. The filter is bowl-shaped with its opening facing the bottom of the outer shell. The bottom of the filter is inserted into the storage space, and a gas flow path is formed between the filter and the outer shell. Multiple filter holes are provided on the side wall of the filter. Multiple flow guides are provided circumferentially on the outer peripheral wall of the filter. The flow guides are spiral in structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the filter section is capable of sliding along its own axis; a first elastic element is connected between the filter section and the outer shell, and under the action of the first elastic element, the filter section tends to move towards the bottom end of the outer shell.

[0011] Furthermore, a magnetic component is fixedly inserted inside the outer casing; a friction ring is also inserted inside the outer casing, the friction ring being able to slide along the axial direction of the filter section and forming a magnetic connection with the magnetic component; the friction ring is connected to the outer casing through a one-way component, and under the action of the one-way component, the friction ring is able to move unidirectionally away from the bottom end of the outer casing; the filter section is frictionally sleeved on the friction ring and is able to slide axially relative to the friction ring, and has an upper limit position and a lower limit position. When the filter section is located at the upper limit position or the lower limit position, it forms a stop engagement with the friction ring.

[0012] Furthermore, the one-way component includes a ratchet and a rotating rod. The ratchet is fixedly disposed on the housing and extends in a direction parallel to the axis of the filter section. The rotating rod is inserted into the friction ring, and the middle part of the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the friction ring. A ratchet bar and a stop bar are slidably inserted at both ends of the rotating rod, respectively. The ratchet bar can slide in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the filter section and can engage with the ratchet. The stop bar can extend out of the friction ring and can slide in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the filter section and can form a stop engagement with the filter section. The rotating rod is connected to the friction ring through a second elastic element. Under the action of the second elastic element, the rotating rod tends to rotate until the ratchet bar and the ratchet are engaged.

[0013] Furthermore, the second elastic element is a torsion spring.

[0014] Furthermore, there are multiple unidirectional components, which are arranged circumferentially.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer shell has a conical ring segment, which is correspondingly arranged with the filter section, and the taper of the conical ring end is equal to the taper of the filter section, and the larger openings face the same direction.

[0016] Furthermore, the first elastic element is a compression spring.

[0017] Furthermore, the filter holes are positioned further outward than the bottom end of the outer casing.

[0018] Furthermore, the storage space contains liquid.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0020] This invention relates to a welding fume collection and filtration device for welding workshops. By setting up a storage space and a corresponding filter section and guide section, during the filtration of welding fumes, one stream of welding fumes passes through the filter holes for initial filtration, while another stream moves along the gas flow path. Guided by the guide section, both streams simultaneously move circumferentially and, under centrifugal force, eject solid impurities, completing the initial filtration. The ejected solid impurities fall into the storage space for unified collection. The welding fumes after initial filtration are then purified by the purifier before being discharged, preventing environmental pollution. Even after the filter holes become clogged, the welding fumes can still move along the gas flow path and be filtered by the guide section, thus reducing smoke leakage. When the purifier stops, some solid impurities outside the filter section automatically fall into the storage space for unified collection. This achieves centralized collection of some solid impurities, reduces secondary pollution, and simplifies subsequent cleaning and processing.

[0021] Furthermore, by setting a first elastic element and coordinating with the movement mode of the filter part being able to slide along its own axis, after the filter holes are blocked, under the action of pressure difference, the filter part can move in a direction away from the bottom of the outer shell proportionally according to the blockage of the filter holes, and the first elastic element stores force synchronously; when the purifier stops, the first elastic element is released, and synchronously drives the filter part to accelerate and impact the outer shell, thereby shaking off the blockage at the filter holes and realizing automatic unblocking.

[0022] Furthermore, by setting the outer shell to have a conical ring section, with the conical ring section and the filter section correspondingly arranged, and the taper of the conical ring end and the taper of the filter section being equal and the large openings facing the same direction, when the filter holes are blocked, under the action of pressure difference, when the filter section moves away from the bottom end of the outer shell, the width of the gas flow path decreases, which increases the flow velocity of the welding fumes flowing through the gas flow path. In turn, under the guidance of the flow guide, a greater centrifugal force can be generated, thereby improving the filtration effect of welding fumes.

[0023] Furthermore, by setting a friction ring and a matching magnetic component and one-way assembly, when the filter holes are clogged, the filter section synchronously drives the friction ring to move upward. When the purifier stops, the friction ring remains stationary under the action of the one-way assembly. Under the action of the first elastic component, the filter section slowly moves downward relative to the friction ring through frictional engagement. When the filter section moves to the lower limit position, the pressure inside the dust collection hood returns to approximately atmospheric pressure from negative pressure. The one-way assembly fails, and the filter section synchronously drives the friction ring to accelerate downward, thereby reducing the energy consumed by the filter section when overcoming the pressure difference. This ensures that the filter section can generate sufficient vibration energy when impacting the outer shell, thus dislodging the blockage at the filter holes and achieving automatic unblocking.

[0024] Furthermore, by setting the filter holes further outward than the bottom end of the outer shell, all solid impurities on the outside of the filter section can fall into the storage space for unified collection after the purifier stops. This not only achieves centralized collection of all solid impurities but also avoids secondary pollution and eliminates the need for subsequent cleaning operations, thus reducing labor intensity. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a welding fume collection and filtration device for a welding workshop provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 2 A front view schematic diagram of a welding fume collection and filtration device for a welding workshop provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a welding fume collection and filtration device for a welding workshop provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 4 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the dust collection hood of the welding fume collection and filtration device for a welding workshop provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 An exploded view of the dust collection hood of the welding fume collection and filtration device for a welding workshop provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 A front view of the dust collection hood of the welding fume collection and filtration device for a welding workshop provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional view of the dust collection hood of the welding fume collection and filtration device for a welding workshop provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point Y in the middle;

[0033] Figure 9 A schematic cross-sectional view of the dust collection hood of the welding fume collection and filtration device for a welding workshop provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point Z in the middle.

[0035] in:

[0036] 1. Air purifier; 101. Corrugated pipe;

[0037] 2. Dust hood; 201. Outer shell; 2011. Storage space; 2012. Connecting part; 2013. Mounting post; 2014. Guide rod; 2015. Blocking part; 2016. Upper shell; 2017. Lower shell; 202. Filter part; 2021. Filter holes; 203. Guide part; 204. Compression spring; 205. Magnetic component; 206. Friction ring; 2061. Baffle; 2062. Mounting cavity; 2063. Fixing post; 2064. Baffle post; 207. One-way assembly; 2071. Racket tooth; 2072. Rotating rod; 2073. Ratchet; 2074. Baffle bar;

[0038] 3. Bracket; 301. Fixed arm; 302. First cantilever; 303. Second cantilever; 304. Hinge. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0040] The component designations used in this document, such as "first" and "second," are merely for distinguishing the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage," unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0041] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0042] The following reference Figures 1 to 10 The present invention describes a welding fume collection and filtration device for a welding workshop, which is particularly suitable for collecting and filtering welding fumes generated in a welding workshop. Of course, it is also suitable for collecting and filtering other fumes and dust.

[0043] Specifically, the welding fume collection and filtration device in the welding workshop includes a purifier 1, which comprises a housing with an air inlet at the top. A corrugated pipe 101 is fixedly connected to the air inlet, and a dust collection hood 2 is fixedly connected to the other end of the corrugated pipe 101. The corrugated pipe 101 can be deformed and extended arbitrarily, allowing the dust collection hood 2 to be moved to any position, thereby improving the applicability of the device. An air outlet is provided on the side wall of the housing. A suction fan and a filtration device are installed inside the housing. The filtration device can be any one or a combination of two or more of the following: filter element, electrostatic precipitator, and activated carbon. The filtration device is connected to both the air inlet and the suction port of the suction fan, and the exhaust port and the outlet of the suction fan. This allows the suction fan to create a negative pressure environment inside the dust collection hood 2, facilitating the collection of welding fumes, and the filtration device to purify the welding fumes before discharging them through the outlet, thus avoiding environmental pollution.

[0044] The existing dust hood 2 contains a filter assembly to block solid impurities from the outside. These impurities, under the influence of gravity, tend to move downwards. When the fan is running, the continuously generated airflow moves upwards, creating an upward thrust that balances the gravity of the solid impurities, causing them to temporarily adhere to the filter assembly surface. However, when the fan stops, the airflow thrust disappears, and the net force on the solid impurities becomes downward gravity. Without additional restraint, they will inevitably slide off the filter assembly surface and fall back to the outside. This phenomenon is essentially a change in particle motion caused by the imbalance between gravity and restraint forces. The lack of a mechanical restraint design for impurities in the off-state prevents directional collection of solid impurities, leading to difficulties in subsequent processing. Furthermore, during operation, the amount of smoke entering the dust hood 2 depends on the balance between the negative pressure generated by the fan and the flow resistance. The degree of clogging of the filter assembly directly affects the flow resistance: when the filter surface is clean, the airflow resistance through the filter assembly is small, and the pressure difference formed inside and outside the dust hood 2 is sufficient to drive a sufficient amount of welding fumes into the filter. As the usage time increases, the impurities attached to the surface of the filter assembly gradually increase, and the effective flow area of ​​the filter assembly decreases. Under the condition of constant fan power, the increased flow resistance will lead to a decrease in the airflow through the filter assembly. When the amount of smoke entering is less than the amount of welding fumes generated during the welding process, the negative pressure field around the dust hood 2 is destroyed, and the welding fumes break through the negative pressure constraint under the action of their own diffusion force, resulting in the leakage of welding fumes.

[0045] Based on this, in the welding fume collection and filtration device for welding workshops provided in this embodiment of the invention, the dust collection hood 2 includes an outer shell 201. The outer shell 201 is a cylindrical structure with open top and bottom ends. During installation, the top end is fixedly sleeved onto the end of the corrugated pipe 101 away from the purifier 1, and the bottom end is suspended. The bottom end of the outer shell 201 is folded inward to form an annular storage space 2011, which is used to store solid impurities. A connecting part 2012 is fixedly provided on the inner peripheral wall of the outer shell 201. The connecting part 2012 divides the interior of the outer shell 201 into upper and lower chambers along the axial direction. A through hole is provided on the connecting part 2012, which connects the upper and lower chambers inside the outer shell 201 to avoid affecting the normal conduction of the air passage. A mounting post 2013 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the connecting part 2012. The mounting post 2013 and the outer casing 201 are coaxially arranged. A filter section 202 is coaxially sleeved on the mounting post 2013. The filter section 202 has a bowl-shaped structure with the bowl opening facing the bottom of the outer casing 201. The bottom of the filter section 202 is inserted into the impurity storage space 2011. Multiple filter holes 2021 are provided on the side wall of the filter section 202. A gas flow path is formed between the filter section 202 and the outer casing 201. The first section of the gas flow path is composed of the inner peripheral wall of the filter section 202 and the inner peripheral wall of the bottom end of the outer casing 201. The second section of the gas flow path is composed of the bottom end of the filter section 202 and the impurity storage space 2011. The third section of the gas flow path is composed of the outer peripheral wall of the filter section 202 and the inner peripheral wall of the outer casing 201. Multiple guide sections 203 are provided circumferentially on the outer peripheral wall of the filter section 202. The guide sections 203 have a strip-shaped spiral structure.

[0046] During use, the suction fan is started. The suction fan sequentially creates negative pressure at the bottom of the dust hood 2 through the air inlet and the corrugated pipe 101. Under the action of pressure difference, as... Figure 7 As shown, welding fumes move in the direction of the arrow. The welding fumes enter from the bottom of the dust collection hood 2. Subsequently, the welding fume airflow is naturally divided into two streams due to structural guidance: one stream of welding fume airflow passes through the filter hole 2021 to complete the initial filtration. Since the pore size of the filter hole 2021 is designed to be smaller than the particle size of most solid impurities, the solid particles in the welding fume airflow are intercepted on the outside of the filter section 202, while the gas that has been initially purified enters between the outer wall of the filter section 202 and the outer shell 201; the other stream of welding fume airflow flows along the gas flow path between the filter section 202 and the outer shell 201. Under the guidance of the guide section 203, this airflow also rotates in the circumferential direction, forming a spiral upward airflow trajectory. During the rotation, the solid impurities in the airflow generate centrifugal force due to inertia. This centrifugal force overcomes the constraint of the airflow viscosity force and is thrown towards the outer wall of the gas flow path. Then, under the action of gravity, it leaves the airflow and falls into the impurity storage space 2011, completing the initial separation.

[0047] The airflow, having undergone initial filtration via the two aforementioned pathways, converges at the top of the dust hood 2 and enters the purifier 1. After deep purification within the purifier 1, the clean gas is discharged, preventing pollutants from impacting the environment at the source. When the filter pores 2021 become clogged due to impurities, such as... Figure 9 As shown, welding fumes move in the direction of the arrow, highlighting the crucial role of the gas flow path: While the airflow through the filter holes 2021 decreases, the airflow along the gas flow path still maintains its rotational separation capability under the action of the guide section 203, ensuring that most of the welding fumes are effectively captured and preventing leakage due to the failure of a single filtration path. When the suction fan stops, the negative pressure environment disappears, and the solid impurities, originally constrained by the airflow's adsorption force, lose their upward force balance. Under the dominant force of gravity, the impurities attached to the outside of the filter section 202 slide down the wall and eventually fall into the impurity storage space 2011. This structural guidance achieves directional collection of impurities, preventing secondary pollution caused by impurities falling back into the workshop environment and facilitating subsequent centralized cleaning, reducing the workload and operational difficulty of manual handling.

[0048] It is understandable that the connecting part 2012 can be configured as a cross-shaped, X-shaped, Y-shaped, U-shaped or other shapes, as long as it can fix the mounting post 2013 to the housing 201 and does not affect the normal conduction of the air passage.

[0049] In a further embodiment, to achieve self-cleaning of the filter pores 2021, a plurality of guide rods 2014 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting part 2012. The guide rods 2014 are arranged parallel to the mounting post 2013, and the plurality of guide rods 2014 are arranged circumferentially on the outside of the mounting post 2013. During installation, the filter part 202 is slidably sleeved on all the guide rods 2014, and under the guidance of the guide rods 2014, the filter part 202 can only slide along its own axis. A blocking part 2015 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting post 2013 by bolts. 5. Simultaneously sleeved on all guide rods 2014, and able to slide axially relative to guide rods 2014. The blocking part 2015 can form a stop with the filter part 202 to prevent the filter part 202 from falling off. A first elastic element is connected between the filter part 202 and the outer shell 201. The first elastic element can be set as a compression spring 204. When installed, the compression spring 204 is sleeved on the outside of all guide rods 2014, with its top end set at the bottom of the connecting part 2012 and its bottom end set at the top of the filter part 202. Under the action of the compression spring 204, the filter part 202 has a downward tendency. After the filter hole 2021 is blocked, the filter part 202 moves upward under the action of pressure difference, and the compression spring 204 is compressed synchronously. The longer the welding time, the more serious the blockage of the filter hole 2021, the greater the negative pressure inside the dust collection hood 2, and the greater the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the dust collection hood 2. Under the action of a greater pressure difference, the filter part 202 moves upward a greater distance, and the compression spring 204 is compressed to a greater degree.

[0050] After welding is completed, the suction fan stops, the negative pressure inside the dust hood 2 disappears, the compression spring 204 is released, and the filter part 202 accelerates downward, then impacts the blocking part 2015, thereby dislodging the blockage at the filter hole 2021 and achieving automatic unblocking. The greater the compression of the compression spring 204, the greater the vibration energy when the filter part 202 and the blocking part 2015 collide, thus adapting to more severe blockages in the filter hole 2021 and ensuring effective unblocking. Optionally, the blocking part 2015 can be configured as a disc-shaped structure and coaxially arranged with the mounting post 2013 to ensure uniform force distribution when the filter part 202 and the blocking part 2015 form a stop.

[0051] It is understandable that the first elastic element can also be set as a rubber matrix. When the filter part 202 moves upward, the rubber matrix can compress and store force; after the suction fan stops, it can release force and simultaneously drive the filter part 202 to accelerate downward, and then hit the blocking part 2015, thereby shaking off the blockage at the filter hole 2021 and realizing automatic unblocking.

[0052] It is understandable that the number of guide rods 2014 can also be set to one, and it is a square structure, so that under the geometric constraints of the square structure, the filter part 202 can only slide along its own axis.

[0053] In a further embodiment, to ensure the unblocking effect on the filter holes 2021, a magnetic component 205 is fixedly inserted into the housing 201. The magnetic component 205 is fixedly disposed on the top of the blocking part 2015. The magnetic component 205 can be made of materials such as iron, cobalt, and nickel to have magnetic properties. A friction ring 206 is slidably sleeved on the mounting post 2013. The friction ring 206 is located above the magnetic component 205 and can also be made of materials such as iron, cobalt, and nickel to have magnetic properties, thereby forming a magnetic connection with the magnetic component 205. The friction ring 206 can slide along its own axis. The friction ring 206 is connected to the mounting post 2013 through the one-way component 207. Under the action of the one-way component 207, the friction ring 206 can move upward in one direction. The top end of the filter part 202 is simultaneously frictionally sleeved on the friction ring 206 and can slide axially relative to the friction ring 206. A baffle 2061 is fixedly provided on the outer peripheral wall of the top end and the outer peripheral wall of the bottom end of the friction ring 206. The baffle 2061 can form a stop fit with the filter part 202.

[0054] When the filter section 202 moves upward relative to the friction ring 206 to form a stop engagement with the upper baffle 2061, this is the upper limit position, which can drive the friction ring 206 to move upward together. When the filter section 202 moves downward relative to the friction ring 206 to form a stop engagement with the lower baffle 2061, this is the lower limit position, which can drive the friction ring 206 to move downward together. Optionally, the magnetic component 205 can be configured as a ring structure and sleeved on the bottom of the mounting post 2013 to ensure the uniformity of magnetization of the friction ring 206. Optionally, the baffle 2061 can be configured as a ring structure to ensure the uniformity of force when the filter section 202 and the baffle 2061 form a stop engagement.

[0055] During use, after the filter hole 2021 becomes clogged, the filter section 202 moves upward under the action of pressure difference, synchronously compressing the compression spring 204. The friction ring 206 remains stationary due to the magnetic connection between it and the magnetic component 205. When the filter section 202 moves upward to form a stop engagement with the upper baffle 2061, the filter section 202 drives the friction ring 206 upward synchronously through the upper baffle 2061 under the action of pressure difference, causing the friction ring 206 and the magnetic component 205 to separate, and the compression spring 204 continues to compress. When the suction fan stops, under the action of the one-way component 207, the friction ring 206 remains stationary, and the compression spring 204 is released. Under the friction action of the filter part 202 and the friction ring 206, the filter part 202 is driven to move slowly downwards. During this process, the frictional cooperation between the filter part 202 and the friction ring 206 forms a damping effect, which slows down the downward movement speed of the filter part 202 and prevents the elastic potential energy of the compression spring 204 from being consumed prematurely in the process of overcoming the pressure difference.

[0056] When the filter section 202 moves to the lower baffle 2061, the internal pressure of the dust hood 2 returns to approximately atmospheric pressure from negative pressure, and the one-way component 207 fails. Subsequently, under the action of the compression spring 204, the filter section 202 simultaneously drives the friction ring 206 to accelerate downward through the lower baffle 2061. The elastic potential energy stored in the compression spring 204 is converted into the kinetic energy of the filter section 202 and the friction ring 206. Both accelerate downward under the thrust of the compression spring 204. Due to the previous frictional damping reducing ineffective energy loss, the kinetic energy is maximized at this point. Finally, the filter section 202 collides violently with the baffle 2015, and the vibration energy generated by the collision is transmitted to the filter holes 2021 through the side wall of the filter section 202. This vibration is sufficient to break the adhesion and friction between the blockage and the wall of the filter hole 2021, causing the blockage to detach from the filter hole 2021 and fall into the impurity storage space 2011, thereby achieving automatic unblocking of the filter hole 2021 and restoring the normal filtration function of the filter section 202.

[0057] Furthermore, the one-way component 207 is configured to include ratchet 2071 and rotating rod 2072, wherein the ratchet 2071 is fixedly disposed on the circumferential sidewall of the mounting post 2013, and there are multiple ratchet 2071s arranged side by side and at equal intervals along the axial direction. The cross-sectional shape of the ratchet 2071 is a near-right trapezoid, and the hypotenuse of the ratchet 2071 is inclined upward and outward. The short base of the ratchet 2071 extends in a direction parallel to the axis of the mounting post 2013 and is located outside the long base. This is formed within the friction ring 206. There is an installation cavity 2062, which is a strip-shaped structure and extends in a direction parallel to the axis of the friction ring 206. The inner side wall of the top of the installation cavity 2062 is open inward, and the outer side wall of the bottom of the installation cavity 2062 is open outward. A fixing post 2063 is fixedly inserted into the installation cavity 2062. The fixing post 2063 is located at the center of the installation cavity 2062 and extends in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the friction ring 206. The middle part of the rotating rod 2072 is rotatably sleeved on the fixing post 2063.

[0058] Inside the mounting cavity 2062, stop posts 2064 are fixedly installed on both sides of the fixed post 2063. The stop posts 2064 and the fixed post 2063 are parallel and on the same straight line, which is inclined upward and inward. The stop posts 2064 can form a stop engagement with the rotating rod 2072, thereby limiting the rotation angle of the rotating rod 2072. Slide grooves are provided at both ends of the rotating rod 2072. The extension direction of the slide grooves coincides with that of the rotating rod 2072. A ratchet 2073 is movably inserted into the upper slide groove. The ratchet 2073 extends in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the friction ring 206 and slides through. The friction ring 206 moves downwards through a through hole on the top inner wall of the mounting cavity 2062 and engages with a ratchet 2071. A stop bar 2074 is movably inserted into the lower sliding groove. The stop bar 2074 extends perpendicular to the axis of the friction ring 206 and slides through a through hole on the bottom outer wall of the mounting cavity 2062. It extends outside the friction ring 206 and forms a stop engagement with the filter section 202, thereby disabling the one-way component 207. The rotating rod 2072 is connected to the friction ring 206 via a second elastic element, which can be a torsion spring. Under the action of the torsion spring, such as... Figure 10 As shown, under the obstruction of the stop post 2064, the rotating rod 2072 is approximately in a vertical state, which can drive the ratchet 2073 to pass through the through hole on the top inner wall of the mounting cavity 2062 and engage with the ratchet 2071, thereby restricting the downward movement of the friction ring 206. At the same time, it can drive the stop post 2074 to pass through the through hole on the bottom outer wall of the mounting cavity 2062 and extend to the outside of the friction ring 206.

[0059] Initially, such as Figure 8 As shown, the filter section 202 simultaneously forms a stop engagement with the stop bar 2074 and the lower stop plate 2061. The stop bar 2074 retracts into the friction ring 206, the rotating rod 2072 is in an inclined state, and the ratchet 2073 also retracts into the friction ring 206.

[0060] During use, when the filter section 202 moves upward relative to the friction ring 206 and disengages from the stop engagement with the stop rod 2074, under the action of the torsion spring, the rotating rod 2072 rotates until it forms a stop engagement with the stop post 2064. Figure 10 As shown, at this time, the rotating rod 2072 is approximately in a vertical state, which can drive the ratchet 2073 to pass through the through hole on the top inner wall of the mounting cavity 2062 and engage with the ratchet 2071, thereby restricting the downward movement of the friction ring 206. At the same time, it can drive the stop rod 2074 to pass through the through hole on the bottom outer wall of the mounting cavity 2062 and extend to the outside of the friction ring 206.

[0061] When the filter section 202 moves downward relative to the friction ring 206 and forms a stop engagement with the stop bar 2074, the filter section 202 drives the stop bar 2074 to retract inward into the friction ring 206. Simultaneously, the stop bar 2074 drives the rotating rod 2072 to rotate to an inclined state. Simultaneously, the rotating rod 2072 drives the ratchet 2073 to retract into the friction ring 206 and disengage from the ratchet 2071. Subsequently, the filter section 202 can simultaneously drive the friction ring 206 to move downward.

[0062] In a further embodiment, to improve the operational reliability of the device, the number of unidirectional components 207 is multiple, and they are arranged circumferentially. This arrangement optimizes the operational stability of the device from multiple dimensions:

[0063] Specifically, from the perspective of force balance, multiple circumferentially distributed unidirectional components 207 can evenly distribute the axial constraint force on the friction ring 206 to various positions around its circumference. When the friction ring 206 moves upward under the drive of the filter section 202, the locking force of the ratchet 2073 and ratchet 2071 of each unidirectional component 207 is symmetrically distributed circumferentially, avoiding local wear or deformation caused by excessive force on a single unidirectional component 207, and extending the service life of the component.

[0064] In terms of functional redundancy, even if individual unidirectional components 207 become stuck or fail due to long-term use, the remaining circumferentially distributed components can still maintain the unidirectional constraint function on the friction ring 206. This multi-component collaborative design reduces the risk of the entire unidirectional constraint system failing due to the failure of a single unidirectional component 207, ensuring that the friction ring 206 maintains stable unidirectional movement characteristics during the reciprocating motion of the filter section 202.

[0065] In terms of motion guidance, the multiple circumferentially arranged unidirectional components 207 can indirectly assist in guiding the axial movement of the friction ring 206 through the engagement of the ratchet 2073 and the ratchet 2071. When the filter section 202 drives the friction ring 206 to move, the circumferentially distributed constraint points can effectively suppress the swaying or tilting of the friction ring 206 caused by uneven force, ensuring that it always moves smoothly along the axial direction, avoiding abnormal friction with the mounting column 2013 or the filter section 202, and further improving the reliability of the device operation.

[0066] Specifically, the number of mounting cavities 2062 is set in a corresponding manner and arranged in a circumferential direction. Each mounting cavity 2062 is provided with a fixing post 2063 and two stop posts 2064. The ratchet 2071 is a ring structure and is arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction.

[0067] In other embodiments, to improve the filtration effect on welding fumes after the filter hole 2021 becomes clogged, the outer shell 201 is configured to have a conical ring section, which is correspondingly arranged with the filter section 202. The taper of the conical ring end is equal to the taper of the filter section 202, and their large openings face the same direction. Thus, when the filter hole 2021 becomes clogged, the airflow through the filter hole 2021 decreases, leading to an increase in the pressure difference inside and outside the filter section 202, pushing the filter section 202 axially away from the bottom end of the outer shell 201. Because the taper of the conical ring section matches that of the filter section 202 and their large openings face the same direction, the width of the gas flow path formed between them gradually decreases as the filter section 202 moves upward. According to fluid mechanics principles, when the suction force of the purifier 1 is relatively stable, the reduction in the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel will correspondingly increase the flow velocity of the welding fumes flowing through the gas flow path.

[0068] Upon contact with the guide section 203, the increased flow rate of welding fumes gains a stronger circumferential driving force, thereby enhancing the intensity of the rotational motion. This intensified rotational motion subjectes solid impurities in the airflow to a greater centrifugal force, which more effectively overcomes the binding force of the airflow viscosity, separating the impurities from the airflow and throwing them toward the inner wall of the conical ring section. Subsequently, the impurities slide down the wall under gravity into the impurity storage space 2011, achieving more efficient primary filtration.

[0069] Furthermore, the tapered design of the conical ring section and the filter section 202 ensures a smooth transition in the gas flow path during width changes, avoiding the generation of local turbulence. This not only reduces the loss of airflow energy but also allows the centrifugal separation effect to continue more stably. Thus, even when the filter holes 2021 are blocked, the enhanced filtration function of the gas flow path can still maintain a high efficiency in capturing welding fumes.

[0070] In other embodiments, to achieve complete collection of solid impurities outside the filter section 202, the filter holes 2021 are positioned further outward than the bottom end of the outer shell 201. This ensures that the entire outer wall surface of the filter section 202 used for intercepting impurities is directly above the impurity storage space 2011. When the purifier 1 is running, solid impurities in the welding fumes are intercepted by the filter holes 2021 and adhere to the outer wall surface of the filter section 202. At this time, the impurities remain relatively stationary due to the combined effects of airflow adsorption and gravity. When the purifier 1 stops, the airflow adsorption disappears, and the impurities are only subject to gravity. Since the lowest point of the outer wall surface of the filter section 202 (i.e., the plane where the filter holes 2021 are located) is higher than the bottom end of the outer shell 201, and the entire interception area is within the vertical projection range of the impurity storage space 2011, the trajectory of the impurities as they slide down the wall surface is strictly limited above the impurity storage space 2011. Regardless of where the impurities initially adhere to on the outside of the filter section 202, they will eventually slide down the wall under the influence of gravity and fall into the impurity storage space 2011.

[0071] This fundamentally eliminates the possibility of impurities falling outside the storage space 2011 due to positional deviation, achieving complete collection of all solid impurities outside the filter section 202. On the one hand, by completely confining impurities within the storage space 2011, secondary pollution caused by impurities scattering after shutdown is avoided; on the other hand, there is no need for additional cleaning of impurities scattered to the outside, simplifying subsequent operations and reducing labor intensity.

[0072] It should be noted that when impurities continuously collide and come into contact with the inner wall of the outer shell 201, the energy of the impurities will be lost. The remaining energy may not be enough for the impurities to slide down the preset path into the storage space 2011. However, these impurities will either remain on the inner wall of the outer shell 201 or slide down into the storage space 2011 under the influence of subsequent wind. They will not detach from the dust collection hood 2, thus avoiding ineffective dust collection.

[0073] It should also be noted that when the instantaneous concentration of welding fumes changes, it may cause a change in the pressure difference inside and outside the dust collection hood 2, which may lead to the false activation of the vibration cleaning mechanism. At this time, since the entire interception area is within the vertical projection range of the impurity storage space 2011, the impurities vibrated out from the filter hole 2021 will naturally fall into the impurity storage space 2011 and will not detach from the dust collection hood 2, thus avoiding ineffective dust collection. At the same time, the filter hole 2021 can restore the filtration function and ensure the filtration performance of the collection and filtration device.

[0074] In other embodiments, to improve the retention rate of solid impurities in the impurity storage space 2011, liquid is stored within the impurity storage space 2011. Thus, by utilizing the physical properties of the liquid medium, multiple constraint mechanisms are constructed to enhance the impurity retention effect:

[0075] Specifically, from a mechanical constraint perspective, when solid impurities detach from the filter section 202 or the gas flow path and fall into the impurity storage space 2011 under gravity, they will first contact the liquid surface and immerse themselves in the liquid. The viscous resistance of the liquid will quickly counteract the falling kinetic energy of the impurities, causing them to settle smoothly to the bottom of the liquid, avoiding rebound and splashing caused by the impurities hitting the bottom of the impurity storage space 2011. This buffering effect fundamentally blocks the path for impurities to detach from the impurity storage space 2011 again, solving the problem that impurities are easily stirred up again by vibration or airflow disturbance in a dry state.

[0076] From a spatial isolation perspective, the continuous medium formed by the liquid separates solid impurities from the external air environment. Even if local airflow disturbances occur during device operation or shutdown, the surface tension and viscosity of the liquid can effectively prevent impurities from penetrating the liquid layer and entering the air, ensuring that the impurities are always confined within the liquid. At the same time, the liquid's encapsulation effect on impurities can also reduce the secondary diffusion of fine particles, further improving the sealing and collection effect of the impurity storage space 2011.

[0077] Furthermore, the wettability of the liquid causes a liquid film to adhere to the surface of solid impurities, increasing the adsorption force between impurity particles and promoting the aggregation of small particles into larger agglomerates. This aggregation effect reduces the fluidity of the impurities, allowing them to settle more stably at the bottom of the impurity storage space 2011. This physical action enhances the long-term retention capacity of solid impurities, facilitating subsequent centralized cleaning.

[0078] Specifically, the liquid can be set to water.

[0079] In other embodiments, to facilitate both assembly of the dust hood 2 and cleaning of the storage space 2011, the outer shell 201 is configured to be axially divided into an upper shell 2016 and a lower shell 2017, and the upper shell 2016 and the lower shell 2017 are detachably connected by bolts, with the storage space 2011 formed within the lower shell 2017. Thus, when assembling the dust hood 2, the upper shell 2016 can be inverted with its wide opening facing upwards. Then, the compression spring 204 is fitted onto the outside of all the guide rods 2014. Next, the friction ring 206 and the filter 202 are fitted onto the mounting post 2013. Then, the blocking part 2015 passes through all the guide rods 2014 and is fixed to the bottom of the mounting post 2013 by bolts. Finally, the lower shell 2017 is fixed to the upper shell 2016 by bolts, thereby completing the assembly of the dust hood 2. When it is necessary to clean the storage space 2011, the bolts connecting the upper shell 2016 and the lower shell 2017 can be unscrewed, and then the upper shell 2016 and the lower shell 2017 can be separated to pour out the solid impurities in the storage space 2011.

[0080] It is understandable that a sealing ring can be provided between the upper housing 2016 and the lower housing 2017 to ensure the sealing performance of the dust hood 2.

[0081] It should be noted that after the upper housing 2016 and the lower housing 2017 are separated multiple times, the sealing ring between them may be damaged due to repeated disassembly, resulting in a deterioration in sealing performance. In this case, the sealing performance of the dust cover 2 can be guaranteed by replacing the sealing ring.

[0082] In other embodiments, casters are provided at the bottom of the housing of the purifier 1. The casters can roll freely, so that the purifier 1, the corrugated pipe 101 and the dust cover 2 can be moved easily by the casters.

[0083] In other embodiments, to support the corrugated pipe 101, the welding fume collection and filtration device in the welding workshop is further configured to include a bracket 3. The bracket 3 includes a fixed arm 301, which is vertically arranged and can be fixed in a preset position by bolts. A first cantilever 302 is fixed on the top side wall of the fixed arm 301, and the first cantilever 302 extends horizontally. A second cantilever 303 is rotatably connected to the first cantilever 302 by a hinge 304, and the second cantilever 303 extends horizontally. The corrugated pipe 101 is fixed to the second cantilever 303 by a clamp during installation.

[0084] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0085] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding fume collection filtration apparatus for a welding shop, characterized by, The welding fume collecting and filtering device of the welding workshop comprises a purifier and a dust hood which are communicated; The purifier is configured to generate a negative pressure environment in the dust hood and purify welding fumes; The dust hood comprises a shell which is a cylindrical structure and has an annular storage space formed by folding the bottom end inward; a filter portion which is a bowl-shaped structure is inserted into the shell, the bowl opening of the filter portion faces the bottom end of the shell, the bottom end of the filter portion is inserted into the storage space, a gas flow path is formed between the filter portion and the shell, the first section of the gas flow path is composed of the inner circumferential wall of the filter portion and the bottom end inner circumferential wall of the shell, the second section of the gas flow path is composed of the bottom end of the filter portion and the storage space, and the third section of the gas flow path is composed of the outer circumferential wall of the filter portion and the inner circumferential wall of the shell; a plurality of filter holes are arranged on the side wall of the filter portion; a plurality of flow guide portions which are strip-shaped spiral structures are arranged on the outer circumferential wall of the filter portion in the circumferential direction.

2. A welding fume collection and filtration apparatus for a welding shop as defined in claim 1, wherein, The filter portion can slide along the axis direction of the filter portion; a first elastic member is connected between the filter portion and the shell, and the filter portion has a tendency to move towards the bottom end of the shell under the action of the first elastic member.

3. A welding fume collection and filtration apparatus for a welding shop as defined in claim 2, wherein, A magnetic member is also fixedly inserted into the shell; a connecting portion is fixedly arranged on the inner circumferential wall of the shell, the bottom of the connecting portion is fixedly provided with a mounting column, the bottom of the mounting column is fixedly connected with a blocking portion through a bolt, and the magnetic member is fixedly arranged on the top of the blocking portion; a friction ring is also inserted into the shell, the friction ring is slidingly sleeved on the mounting column, is located above the magnetic member, and can slide along the axis direction of the filter portion; the magnetic member and the friction ring are both made of iron-cobalt-nickel material to form a magnetic connection; the friction ring is connected with the mounting column through a one-way assembly, and the friction ring can move in one direction away from the bottom end of the shell under the action of the one-way assembly; the filter portion is frictionally sleeved on the friction ring and can slide in the axial direction relative to the friction ring, and has an upper limit position and a lower limit position, and when the filter portion is located at the upper limit position or the lower limit position, the filter portion forms a stop cooperation with the friction ring.

4. The welding fume collection and filtration apparatus for a welding shop of claim 3, wherein, The one-way assembly comprises a ratchet and a rotating rod, the ratchet is fixedly arranged on the mounting column and extends in a direction parallel to the axis of the filter portion; the rotating rod is inserted into the friction ring, the middle part of the rotating rod is rotationally connected with the friction ring; a ratchet rod and a stop rod are slidingly inserted into the two ends of the rotating rod respectively, the ratchet rod can slide in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the filter portion and can be engaged with the ratchet, and the stop rod can extend out of the friction ring, the stop rod can slide in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the filter portion and can form a stop cooperation with the filter portion; the rotating rod is connected with the friction ring through a second elastic member, and the rotating rod has a tendency to rotate to the engaged state of the ratchet rod and the ratchet under the action of the second elastic member.

5. The welding fume collection and filtration apparatus for a welding shop of claim 4, wherein, The second elastic member is a torsion spring.

6. The welding fume collection and filtration apparatus for a welding shop of claim 3, wherein, The number of the one-way assemblies is multiple, and the one-way assemblies are arranged in a circumferential direction.

7. The welding fume collection and filtration apparatus for a welding shop of claim 2, wherein, The shell has a conical ring segment, the conical ring segment and the filter part are correspondingly arranged, and the taper of the conical ring segment and the taper of the filter part are equal and the large end faces are consistent.

8. The welding fume collection and filtration apparatus for a welding shop of claim 2, wherein, The first elastic member is a compression spring.

9. The welding fume collection and filtration apparatus for a welding shop of claim 1, wherein, The filter hole is arranged outwardly relative to the bottom end of the shell.

10. The welding fume collection and filtration apparatus for a welding shop of claim 1 wherein, The liquid is stored in the miscellaneous storage space.

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