An adaptive drag-reducing tail wing device and method for a hydrofoil craft

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of hydrofoil craft, and relates to a self-adaptive drag-reducing tail wing device and method for hydrofoil craft. The self-adaptive drag-reducing tail wing device is located at the tail of the craft / ship, and two of them are symmetrically arranged and connected by flexible cables. The device comprises a device body, which comprises a tail wing assembly, an angle rotating assembly connected with the tail wing assembly, and a translating assembly. The angle rotating assembly can drive the tail wing assembly to rotate left and right to adjust the angle of attack. The translating assembly can drive the tail wing assembly to move forward and backward to adjust the flow field control range. The tail wing assembly has a double-arc structure, wherein the leading edge is streamlined, and the trailing edge is semicircular. In this way, the tail wing assembly with a symmetrically arranged double-arc structure and the flexible cable connection can automatically adapt to different working conditions such as hydrofoil craft ballast / full load and speed changes, and the drag reduction efficiency fluctuation range can be controlled within a small range, so the adaptability is strong.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of hydrofoil craft, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive drag-reducing tail wing device and method for hydrofoil craft. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hydrofoil craft refers to a craft with a hydrofoil immersed in water. When sailing at high speed, the weight of the craft is entirely supported by the lift generated by the water on the hydrofoil, causing the craft body to completely leave the water surface, thereby reducing water resistance and achieving high speed.

[0003] During sailing, the traditional hydrofoil craft produces significant pressure difference resistance and friction resistance in the stern area due to water flow separation and turbulent vortex, accounting for 15%-30% of the total resistance, which seriously affects the propulsion efficiency and fuel economy of the hydrofoil craft. With the increasingly stringent global environmental regulations and the high proportion of fuel costs in the total cost of hydrofoil craft operation, reducing the resistance of the hydrofoil craft has become a key research direction in the industry.

[0004] The invention patent with publication number CN117104427A discloses a self-adaptive ship tail wing. The hydrofoil adopts a fixed wing type (horizontal wing lift type / vertical wing symmetric type), and moves forward and backward and rotates by setting a translation bracket arm and a rotation bracket arm to cope with the resistance reduction range caused by the movement of the ship, which has a small resistance reduction range and cannot be adjusted in multiple degrees of freedom, and the resistance reduction range is limited.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a self-adaptive drag-reducing tail wing device and method for hydrofoil craft to solve the problem of improving the drag-reducing performance in the prior art. SUMMARY

[0006] To solve the defects of the prior art, the present application proposes a self-adaptive drag-reducing tail wing device and method for hydrofoil craft, which optimizes the stern flow field structure through innovative design and improves the drag-reducing performance.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned application purposes, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A self-adaptive drag-reducing tail wing device for hydrofoil craft is located at the tail of the craft / ship, has two numbers, is symmetrically arranged left and right, and is connected by flexible cables. The device comprises a device body, a tail wing assembly, an angle rotating assembly connected with the tail wing assembly, and a translation assembly. The angle rotating assembly can drive the tail wing assembly to rotate left and right to adjust the angle of attack. The translation assembly can drive the tail wing assembly to move forward and backward to adjust the flow field control range.

[0009] The tail wing assembly has a double-arc structure, wherein the leading edge is streamlined and the trailing edge is semicircular.

[0010] Further, the tail wing assembly is arranged as a split structure capable of forward and backward adjustment, the tail wing assembly comprises a front tail wing and a rear tail wing in sliding connection with the front tail wing, the rear tail wing is connected with a first driving device capable of expansion and contraction, the first driving device is used for driving the rear tail wing to move, and the rear tail wing and the front tail wing are fixed through a pop-up locking device.

[0011] Further, the rear tail wing comprises a semicircular arc part and a planar part connected integrally, and the first driving device is connected on the planar part; the front tail wing is arranged as a hydrofoil structure, a cross section of the hydrofoil structure is in a structure of a semicircle, an arc line and a straight line connected integrally, an upper end of the semicircle is connected with the arc line, and a lower end of the semicircle is connected with the straight line; and the planar part is in sliding connection with a bottom of the front tail wing.

[0012] Further, the pop-up locking device is arranged in a mounting groove formed on the planar part, the pop-up locking device comprises a pop-up piece, a bottom surface of the front tail wing is provided with a plurality of groups of sunken grooves matched with the pop-up locking device, the rear tail wing moves forward and backward relative to the front tail wing, when the center lines of the mounting groove and the sunken groove coincide, the pop-up piece pops up from the mounting groove into the sunken groove to fix the rear tail wing and the front tail wing.

[0013] Further, the pop-up locking device further comprises an electromagnet, a magnet and a spring, the electromagnet is fixed in the mounting groove, the magnet is inserted into the spring, one end of the magnet is in magnetic attraction connection with the electromagnet, the other end of the magnet is fixedly connected with the pop-up piece, the pop-up piece is connected with the spring, the spring is in abutment with the electromagnet, when the electromagnet is electrified, the magnet is in magnetic attraction connection with the electromagnet and the spring is compressed to enable the pop-up piece to be located in the mounting groove, and when the electromagnet is not electrified, the spring is stretched to drive the pop-up piece to pop up.

[0014] Further, the angle rotating assembly comprises a second driving device capable of rotating, a connecting shaft, a rotating rod, an angle limiting groove, an angle limiting slider, an angle limiting rod, an auxiliary plate support block, an auxiliary plate support rod and a support block connecting piece; the second driving device is arranged in the hydrofoil boat / ship, an output end of the second driving device is connected with the connecting shaft, the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the rotating rod, and the rotating rod is fixedly connected with the angle limiting groove; the angle limiting groove is in sliding connection with the angle limiting slider, one end of the angle limiting slider is fixedly connected with the angle limiting rod, the other end of the angle limiting rod is hingedly connected with the auxiliary plate support block, the auxiliary plate support block is connected with the rotating rod through the support block connecting piece, the auxiliary plate support block is fixedly connected with the auxiliary plate support rod, the auxiliary plate support rod is hingedly connected with the rear tail wing, the auxiliary plate support block is hingedly connected with the first driving device, and the first driving device is hingedly connected with the rear tail wing; and an end portion of the auxiliary plate support block is provided with a hinged lug for mounting the cable.

[0015] Further, the translation assembly comprises a third driving device capable of rotating, a gear and rack mechanism, and a horizontal moving sleeve; the third driving device is fixed in the hydrofoil boat, the output end of the third driving device is connected with a gear in the gear and rack mechanism, a rack in the gear and rack mechanism is fixed on the surface of the horizontal moving sleeve, the horizontal moving sleeve is connected with a connecting shaft through a rolling bearing, and in operation, the third driving device drives the gear to rotate, the gear drives the rack to move horizontally, and the rack drives the horizontal moving sleeve to move, thereby driving the connecting shaft to move synchronously.

[0016] Further, the device body further comprises a rotation adjusting assembly to adapt to crosswind impact, the rotation adjusting assembly comprises a fourth driving device capable of rotating and a support rotating shaft, the fourth driving device is fixed in a motor box opened on the rotating rod, and the support rotating shaft is fixed on the support block connector; the output end of the fourth driving device is connected with the support rotating shaft to drive the support block of the attached plate to rotate.

[0017] A use method of a hydrofoil boat self-adaptive drag-reducing tail wing, applied to the hydrofoil boat self-adaptive drag-reducing tail wing device, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1, initial state: the double tail plate assembly is symmetrically unfolded on both sides of the stern, the default position is a horizontal position in the middle of the structure relative to the stern part, the attack angle is 5°, and the first driving device is in a retracted state;

[0019] S2, straight-line sailing: the sailing speed is improved, the turbulence of the tail part is enhanced, the third driving device works, the translation assemblies on the left and right sides synchronously push the tail wing assembly to move outward to expand the flow field control range; the fourth driving devices on the left and right sides work synchronously to make the angle rotating assembly drive the attack angle of the tail wing assembly to increase to 12°, thereby delaying the water flow separation; when the Froude number Fr is greater than 0.3, the extension piece of the pop-up locking device is retracted and does not perform locking work, at the same time, the first driving device is elongated, the rear tail wing slides to the front tail wing direction to reach the specified position and is locked through the pop-up locking device, so as to realize the profile adjustment of the tail wing assembly and further improve the motion performance of the ship;

[0020] S3, turning sailing: when turning left, the flow speed on the starboard side increases and the flow speed on the port side decreases, the third driving device on the right side works to push the tail wing assembly to move outward to the maximum stroke, the fourth driving device on the right side works to make the angle rotating assembly drive the attack angle of the tail wing assembly to increase to 15°, the third driving device on the left side works to push the tail wing assembly to retract to the minimum stroke, the fourth driving device on the left side works to make the angle rotating assembly drive the attack angle of the tail wing assembly to decrease to 8°, and the hydraulic rod on the left side is retracted; the principle of turning right is the same as that of turning left;

[0021] S4, wave impact: when encountering cross waves, the fourth driving device drives the support block rotating shaft to deflect ±5° quickly, and cooperates with the hydraulic rod to buffer the impact force in the working process without direct intermittent stop, so as to reduce the structural vibration.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present application are as follows:

[0023] 1, the tail wing assembly of the embodiment of the present application adopts the symmetrical arrangement of the double circular arc structure and cooperates with the flexible cable connection, can automatically adapt to the water wing boat ship ballast / fully loaded to meet the water change in a certain range, the speed change (such as different working conditions, the fluctuation range of the drag reduction efficiency can be controlled within a small range, and the multi-working condition adaptability is strong;

[0024] 2, the embodiment of the present application adjusts the tail wing assembly profile through the pop-up locking device cooperated with the telescopic first driving device, realizes the automatic change of the tail profile at high speed, improves the cavitation inception critical speed, and improves the anti-cavitation ability;

[0025] 3, the embodiment of the present application reduces the turbulent kinetic energy of the wake flow through the double circular arc structure of the front and rear edges of the tail wing assembly supported by the support block, effectively suppresses the energy loss caused by the rudder tail vortex (actually reduces the propeller power loss);

[0026] 4, the embodiment of the present application can realize the double-freedom adjustment of horizontal movement and angle rotation through the cooperative driving of multiple motors, can improve the response speed of the hydraulic system;

[0027] 5, the embodiment of the present application realizes the large-range angle adjustment of 90°~135° through the three-bar constraint mechanism of the support block, rotating rod and angle limiting rod. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is the position schematic view of the water wing boat ship of the self-adaptive drag reduction tail wing device of the water wing boat ship of the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 is the structure schematic view of the self-adaptive drag reduction tail wing device of the water wing boat ship of the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 is the structure schematic view of the right side of the self-adaptive drag reduction tail wing device of the water wing boat ship of the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 is the local sectional view schematic view of the connection between the water wing boat ship and the self-adaptive drag reduction tail wing device of the water wing boat ship of the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 is the structure schematic view of the horizontal movement assembly of the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the tail fin assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the front tail wing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a side view schematic diagram of the front tail wing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the rear tail fin structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a partial side view of the rear tail fin structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the pop-out locking device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0039] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the pop-out locking device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0040] Figure 13 This is a structural schematic diagram of the hydrofoil boat adaptive drag reduction tail fin device on the right side of an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective;

[0041] Figure 14 This is a partially exploded schematic diagram of the rotation adjustment component 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the movement process of the device body in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the three-bar constraint mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0044] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the three-bar constraint mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0045] In the above figures: 100, tail wing assembly; 110, rear tail wing; 111, mounting slot; 120, front tail wing; 121, recess; 130, pop-out locking device; 131, pop-out component; 132, electromagnet; 133, magnet; 134, spring; 140, first drive device; 200, angle rotation assembly; 210, second drive device; 220, connecting shaft; 230, rotating rod; 240, angle limiting groove; 250, angle limiting slide. 1. Block; 260. Angle limiting rod; 270. Attached plate support block; 280. Attached plate support rod; 290. Support block connector; 300. Translation assembly; 310. Third drive device; 320. Gear and rack mechanism; 330. Horizontal movement kit; 340. Rolling bearing; 400. Rotation adjustment assembly; 410. Fourth drive device; 420. Support rotation shaft; 500. Cable; 1. Hull; 11. First placement box; 12. Second placement box. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] like Figures 1-17 As shown, this invention proposes an adaptive drag-reducing tail fin device for a hydrofoil boat, installed at the stern of the hull 1. Two devices are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides and connected by a flexible cable 500. In this embodiment, the flexible cable 500 is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel. The cable 500 connecting the left and right adaptive drag-reducing tail fin devices automatically balances the tension at 1500N, limiting the swing amplitude to ±30°, effectively ensuring the coordinated movement of the two devices. The left and right adaptive drag-reducing tail fin devices are connected by the flexible cable 500. This ensures that the drag-reducing device at the stern has a maximum swing distance limitation along the width of the boat, and that the cable connection allows them to adaptively reduce drag, move forward and backward, turn, and adjust.

[0048] The adaptive drag reduction tail fin device for hydrofoils includes a device body, which includes a tail fin assembly 100, an angle rotation component 200 and a translation component 300 connected to the tail fin assembly 100. The angle rotation component 200 can drive the tail fin assembly 100 to rotate left and right to adjust the angle of attack, and the translation component 300 can drive the tail fin assembly 100 to move back and forth to adjust the flow field control range.

[0049] The tail fin assembly 100 has a double-arc structure, with a streamlined leading edge and a semi-circular trailing edge. This design allows for a larger leading edge arc surface, which can be used to reduce drag, and a smaller trailing edge arc surface, which can be used to control vortices. CFD verification shows that this reduces turbulent kinetic energy.

[0050] The adaptive drag-reducing tail wing device of the application adopts a tail wing assembly 100 of a symmetrical arrangement of a double-arc structure connected by flexible cables 500, has multi-working condition adaptation performance, can automatically adapt to the water wing boat ship ballast / fully loaded to meet the water draft change (such as water draft change ±3m), speed change (such as 5-25 knots) and other different working conditions within a certain range, and the fluctuation range of the drag reduction efficiency is controlled within a small range.

[0051] Further, the tail wing assembly 100 is arranged as a split structure capable of forward and backward adjustment, specifically including a front tail wing 120 and a rear tail wing 110 in sliding connection with the front tail wing 120, and the rear tail wing 110 is connected with a first driving device 140 capable of extension and retraction, and the first driving device 140 is used to drive the rear tail wing 110 to move forward and backward relative to the front tail wing 120.

[0052] The forward and backward adjustment between the rear tail wing 110 and the front tail wing 120 is realized by the first driving device 140 capable of extension and retraction, and the first driving device 140 drives the rear tail wing 110 to move forward and backward relative to the front tail wing 120. In this embodiment, the first driving device 140 is selected as a hydraulic rod, the fixed end of the hydraulic rod is connected with the device body, the movable end is connected with the plane part, and the forward and backward distance between the rear tail wing 110 and the front tail wing 120 is adjusted by the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0053] As shown in Figure 7 , 8 , the front tail wing 120 is arranged as a hydrofoil type structure, and the cross section of the hydrofoil type structure is in the form of a semicircle, an arc line and a straight line connected in one body, the upper end of the semicircle is connected with the arc line, and the lower end of the semicircle is connected with the straight line.

[0054] The semicircle and the arc line of the front tail wing 120 can be determined by the following formula, and of course the prior art can also be used.

[0055] The calculation process of the arc line equation is as follows:

[0056] Assuming that the arc line is a single circular arc, the radius of the circular arc is , the maximum camber position is , and the chord length is .

[0057] ;

[0058] The center position (taking the midpoint of the chord line as the origin) is

[0059] ;

[0060] Arc line equation (parametric equation):

[0061] ;

[0062] wherein The central angle parameter of the arc (usually) ).

[0063] Thickness distribution: The thickness distribution of the arc-shaped tailplate is usually symmetrical (such as elliptical or parabolic distribution).

[0064] The thickness equation (perpendicular to the arc direction) is:

[0065] ;

[0066] 't' refers to the maximum thickness of the front tail wing (120mm), see reference. Figure 8 ;

[0067] Once the arc and thickness are determined, the semicircle is defined with the intersection of the line with the maximum thickness and the chord length as the center and the radius R as the radius. By adding the chord length, the shape of the front tail wing 120 can be determined.

[0068] Specifically, such as Figure 9 , 10 As shown, the rear tail wing 110 is an arc-shaped tail plate, including an integrally connected semi-circular part and a flat part. A hydraulic rod is connected to the flat part, and the hydraulic rod is used to drive the rear tail wing 110 to move.

[0069] The method for determining the curvature parameter of the semicircular arc is as follows:

[0070] String length ( ): The straight-line distance from the front edge to the rear edge of the tailplate.

[0071] curvature ( : Maximum height of the arc in the tailplate (perpendicular to the chord direction).

[0072] radius of curvature ( ): The geometric radius of an arc is related to its curvature and chord length.

[0073] Assuming the arc in the tailplate is a single circular arc, see [reference]. Figure 10 The two endpoints of the chord are and The highest point of the arc is center Located on the perpendicular bisector of the chord, with coordinates of .

[0074] According to the geometric properties of a circle, since any point is equidistant from the center of the circle, we can conclude that:

[0075] ;

[0076] Simplify by squaring the above expression:

[0077] ;

[0078] ;

[0079] ;

[0080] The curvature radius is solved :

[0081] ;

[0082] Simplifying the above formula (when , the term is ignored), the curvature radius :

[0083] .

[0084] In order to ensure the relative position of the rear tail wing 110 and the front tail wing 120 is stable and firm, the rear tail wing 110 and the front tail wing 120 are fixed through the pop-up locking device 130.

[0085] In order to install the pop-up locking device 130, a plurality of installation grooves 111 same in number with the pop-up locking device 130 are arranged on the plane part, and the pop-up locking device 130 is located in the installation groove 111 in the non-locking state. In this embodiment, referring to Figure 9 , 11 , the number of the installation grooves 111 is two, and of course the number can be three or other numbers, which is selected according to actual needs, and the specific number is not limited herein.

[0086] A plurality of groups of sunken grooves 121 matched with the pop-up locking device 130 are arranged on the bottom surface of the front tail wing 120 along the length direction. In this embodiment, referring to Figure 7 , the sunken grooves 121 are three groups, and the number of each group of the sunken grooves 121 is same with the installation grooves 111, that is, two.

[0087] Specifically, as Figure 11 , 12As shown, the pop-up locking device 130 includes an electromagnet 132, a magnet 133, a spring 134 and a pop-up piece 131. The electromagnet 132 is fixedly arranged in the mounting groove 111. The magnet 133 is inserted into the spring 134. One end of the magnet 133 is magnetically connected with the electromagnet 132. The other end of the magnet 133 is fixedly connected with the pop-up piece 131. The pop-up piece 131 is connected with the spring 134. The spring 134 is in abutment with the electromagnet 132. When the electromagnet 132 is powered, the magnet 133 is magnetically connected with the electromagnet 132 and the spring 134 is compressed so that the pop-up piece 131 is located in the mounting groove 111. When the electromagnet 132 is not powered, the spring 134 is stretched to drive the pop-up piece 131 to pop up. In operation, the rear tail wing 110 moves forward and backward relative to the front tail wing 120. When the center lines of the mounting groove 111 and the sink groove 121 coincide, the electromagnet 132 is powered off, the pop-up piece 131 pops up from the mounting groove 111 into the sink groove 121 to fix the rear tail wing 110 and the front tail wing 120.

[0088] In the embodiment, the pop-up locking device 130 cooperates with the telescopic first driving device 140 to adjust the profile of the tail wing assembly 100, so that the tail profile is changed when the vehicle is sailing at high speed (for example, Fr>0.3), the cavitation inception critical speed is improved, and the anti-cavitation capability is improved. Fr refers to the Froude number, which is used to indicate the flow speed state.

[0089] The angle rotating assembly 200 is used to adjust the angle of attack of the tail wing assembly 100. The angle rotating assembly 200 includes a rotatable second driving device 210, a connecting shaft 220, a rotating rod 230, an angle limiting groove 240, an angle limiting slider 250, an angle limiting rod 260, an auxiliary plate support block 270, an auxiliary plate support rod 280 and a support block connecting piece 290. The second driving device 210 is installed in the hydrofoil boat / ship. The output end of the second driving device 210 is connected with the connecting shaft 220. The connecting shaft 220 is fixedly connected with the rotating rod 230. The rotating rod 230 is fixedly connected with the angle limiting groove 240. The angle limiting groove 240 is slidably connected with the angle limiting slider 250. The angle limiting slider 250 is fixedly connected with one end of the angle limiting rod 260. The other end of the angle limiting rod 260 is hingedly connected with the auxiliary plate support block 270. The auxiliary plate support block 270 is connected with the rotating rod 230 through the support block connecting piece 290. The auxiliary plate support block 270 is fixedly connected with the auxiliary plate support rod 280. The auxiliary plate support rod 280 is hingedly connected with the rear tail wing 110. The auxiliary plate support block 270 is hingedly connected with the first driving device 140. The first driving device 140 is hingedly connected with the rear tail wing 110. In this embodiment, the second driving device 210 is selected to be an electric motor, more specifically, a step motor. The rotating angle of the tail wing assembly 100, i.e., the angle of attack, is adjusted by forward and reverse rotation of the step motor. In this embodiment, the above-mentioned fixed connection can be selected to be a welding connection or other existing fixed connection mode. For details, refer to the description of the first driving device 140. Figure 4The second driving device 210 is located in the first placing box 11 opened at the tail of the hydrofoil ship.

[0090] In order to facilitate the installation of the cable 500, the end of the plate support block 270 is provided with a hinged ear.

[0091] As shown in Figure 16 , 17 The innovative three-bar constraint mechanism of the plate support block 270, the rotating rod 230 and the angle limiting rod 260 realizes large-range high-precision adjustment of 90°-135°. Compared with the conventional scheme of single-degree-of-freedom hinge or direct connection of hydraulic system, the present design has two major innovations: 1. In terms of mechanism design, the constraint system composed of vertical fixed rods, horizontal fixed rods and movable rods is creatively adopted, the movable rods slide on the XY axis at both ends to form a constrained circular motion, which not only ensures large-angle adjustment capability, but also avoids the dead point problem of traditional slider-crank mechanisms through special geometric configuration. 2. At the engineering application level, the multi-bar constraint mechanism is applied to the ship stern plate for the first time, solving the contradiction between limited stern space and large-angle adjustment demand. The device can adapt to different working conditions: small angle (90°-110°) optimizes the drag reduction effect, and large angle (110°-135°) enhances the anti-wave performance. This innovative angle control system realizes performance indicators that traditional schemes cannot achieve through mechanical constraint, and the core innovation of the three-bar constraint mechanism and the anti-dead point design has good application value in the field of ship engineering, providing a new technical path for the intelligent development of ship drag reduction systems.

[0092] In order to block wave reflection and reduce diffraction effect, the main body of the plate support block 270 is solid, as shown in Figure 6 .

[0093] The translation assembly 300 adjusts the flow field control range by moving the tail wing assembly 100 forward and backward. As shown in Figure 3 , 5As shown, the translation assembly 300 includes a third driving device 310 capable of rotating, a gear and rack mechanism 320, and a horizontal movement sleeve 330. The third driving device 310 is fixedly arranged in the hydrofoil boat, the output end of the third driving device 310 is connected with a gear in the gear and rack mechanism 320, a rack in the gear and rack mechanism 320 is fixedly arranged on the surface of the horizontal movement sleeve 330, the horizontal movement sleeve 330 is connected with the connecting shaft 220 through a rolling bearing 340, in operation, the third driving device 310 drives the gear to rotate, the gear drives the rack to move horizontally, the rack drives the horizontal movement sleeve 330 to move, and the connecting shaft 220 is synchronously driven to move, so that the rotating rod 230, the support block connector 290, the plate support block 270, and the tail wing assembly 100 are synchronously moved. In this embodiment, the third driving device 310 is selected as an electric motor, the gear and rack mechanism 320 is selected as three groups, and the racks are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the horizontal movement sleeve 330. The third driving device 310 is reversely rotated, and the rotation is converted into forward and backward linear motion through the gear and rack mechanism 320. Specifically, refer to Figure 4 The third driving device 310 is located in a second placing box 12 arranged at the tail of the hydrofoil boat, the second placing box 12 is in communication with the first placing box 11, and the second placing box 12 is closer to the tail of the hydrofoil boat than the first placing box 11.

[0094] In order to adapt to the impact of cross waves, referring to Figure 13 、 14 The device body further includes a rotation adjustment assembly 400, the rotation adjustment assembly 400 includes a fourth driving device 410 capable of rotating and a support rotating shaft 420, the fourth driving device 410 is fixedly arranged in a motor box arranged in the rotating rod 230, the support rotating shaft 420 is fixedly arranged on the support block connector 290, and the output end of the fourth driving device 410 is connected with the support rotating shaft 420 to drive the plate support block 270 to rotate. In this embodiment, the fourth driving device 410 is selected as an electric motor, and the plate support block 270 is driven to rotate left and right through the forward and reverse rotation of the electric motor.

[0095] The hydrofoil boat self-adaptive drag reduction tail wing device further includes a control system, the control system controls the actions of the driving devices, and the control program and principle adopt existing technologies.

[0096] The application further provides a method based on the hydrofoil boat self-adaptive drag reduction tail wing device, which includes the following steps:

[0097] S1, initial state: the double tail plate assembly is symmetrically unfolded on both sides of the stern, the default position is a horizontal position in the middle of the structure relative to the stern part, the attack angle is 5°, and the first driving device 140 is in a retracted state.

[0098] S2, straight sailing: speed up, tail turbulence increases, the third driving device 310 works, the left and right sides of the translation assembly 300 synchronously push the tail wing assembly 100 to move outwards by 0.8 m to expand the flow field control range; the fourth driving device 410 on the left and right sides works synchronously to make the angle rotating assembly 200 drive the attack angle of the tail wing assembly 100 to increase to 12°, delay water flow separation; when the Froude number Fr>0.3, the extension piece of the pop-up locking device 130 retracts and does not perform locking work, and the first driving device 140 is elongated, the after tail wing 110 slides to the designated position in the direction of the front tail wing 120 and is locked by the pop-up locking device 130, so that the tail wing assembly 100 is adjusted in the shape line, and the ship motion performance is improved;

[0099] S3, turning sailing: when turning left, the right side flow speed increases, and the left side flow speed decreases, the third driving device 310 on the right side works to push the tail wing assembly 100 to move outwards to the maximum stroke, in this embodiment, 1.2 m is selected as an example, the fourth driving device 410 on the right side works to make the angle rotating assembly 200 drive the attack angle of the tail wing assembly 100 to increase to 15°, the third driving device 310 on the left side works to push the tail wing assembly 100 to retreat to the minimum forming position, in this embodiment, 0.5 m is selected as an example, the fourth driving device 410 on the left side works to make the angle rotating assembly 200 drive the attack angle of the tail wing assembly 100 to decrease to 8°, and the hydraulic rod on the left side is retracted; when turning right, the principle is the same as that when turning left;

[0100] S4, wave impact: when encountering cross waves, the fourth driving device 410 on the left and right sides drives the support block rotating shaft to quickly deflect ±5°, and cooperates with the hydraulic rod to buffer the impact force in the working process without direct intermittent stop, so that the structure vibration is reduced.

[0101] Advantages of the present application:

[0102] 1. Dynamic self-adaptive adjustment capability: through cooperation of multiple motors, horizontal movement and angle rotation are realized, the response time is reduced, and the response speed is improved compared with a traditional hydraulic system;

[0103] 2. Multi-working condition adaptive performance: the tail wing assembly 100 with a symmetrical arrangement and an innovative design double-arc structure is connected through flexible cables 500, different working conditions such as waterplane boat ship ballast / fully loaded (draft change ±3 m), speed change (5-25 knots) and the like can be automatically adapted, and the drag reduction efficiency fluctuation range is controlled within ±2%;

[0104] 3. Flow field optimization design: the solid plate support block 270 is combined with the head design of the front and rear edges of the tail wing assembly 100, which can reduce the tail flow turbulent kinetic energy and effectively suppress the energy loss caused by the rudder tail vortex (actually measured to reduce the propeller power loss);

[0105] 4. Intelligent cooperative control, the double-arc tail wing assembly forms a linkage system through the angle limiting rod 260 and the hydraulic rod, and can automatically form an angle of attack difference when turning, so as to reduce the turning resistance.

[0106] The above-mentioned embodiments of the present application are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A hydrofoil boat self-adapting drag-reducing tail wing device, characterized by, Tail wing device is located in the tail of the boat / ship, two, left and right symmetrical setting, and connected by flexible cable (500), including device body, the device body includes tail wing assembly (100), angle rotating assembly (200) and translation assembly (300) connected with tail wing assembly (100), the angle rotating assembly (200) can drive tail wing assembly (100) left and right rotation to adjust the angle of attack angle, the translation assembly (300) can drive tail wing assembly (100) to move forward and backward to adjust the flow field control range; The tail wing assembly (100) is a double circular arc structure, wherein the leading edge is streamlined, and the trailing edge is semicircular arc; The tail wing assembly (100) is set as a split type structure capable of being adjusted forward and backward, the tail wing assembly (100) includes a front tail wing (120) and a rear tail wing (110) slidingly connected with the front tail wing (120), the rear tail wing (110) is connected with a first driving device (140) capable of being stretched and retracted, the first driving device (140) is used for driving the rear tail wing (110) to move, and the rear tail wing (110) and the front tail wing (120) are fixed through a pop-up locking device (130); The rear tail wing (110) includes a semicircular arc part and a flat part connected integrally, the flat part is connected with the first driving device (140); the front tail wing (120) is set as a hydrofoil type structure, the cross section of the hydrofoil type structure is a semicircular, arc and straight line connected integrally, the upper end of the semicircular is connected with the arc, and the lower end of the semicircular is connected with the straight line; the flat part is slidingly connected with the bottom of the front tail wing (120).

2. A hydrofoil boat self-adapting drag-reducing tail wing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pop-up locking device (130) is arranged in the mounting groove (111) formed on the flat part, the pop-up locking device (130) includes a pop-up piece (131), a plurality of sink grooves (121) matched with the pop-up locking device (130) are formed on the bottom surface of the front tail wing (120), and the rear tail wing (110) moves forward and backward relative to the front tail wing (120); when the center lines of the mounting groove (111) and the sink groove (121) coincide, the pop-up piece (131) pops out from the mounting groove (111) and enters the sink groove (121) to fix the rear tail wing (110) and the front tail wing (120).

3. A hydrofoil boat adaptive drag-reducing tail wing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ejecting locking device (130) further comprises an electromagnet (132), a magnet (133) and a spring (134), the electromagnet (132) is fixed in the mounting groove (111), the magnet (133) is inserted into the spring (134), one end of the magnet (133) is magnetically connected with the electromagnet (132), the other end of the magnet (133) is fixedly connected with the ejecting piece (131), the ejecting piece (131) is connected with the spring (134), the spring (134) is in abutment with the electromagnet (132), when the electromagnet (132) is powered, the magnet (133) is magnetically connected with the electromagnet (132) and the spring (134) is compressed to make the ejecting piece (131) located in the mounting groove (111), when the electromagnet (132) is not powered, the spring (134) is stretched to drive the ejecting piece (131) to eject.

4. A hydrofoil boat adaptive drag-reducing tail wing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle rotating assembly (200) comprises a second driving device (210) capable of rotating, a connecting shaft (220), a rotating rod (230), an angle limiting groove (240), an angle limiting slider (250), an angle limiting rod (260), an additional plate support block (270), an additional plate support rod (280) and a support block connecting piece (290); the second driving device (210) is arranged in a boat / ship, the output end of the second driving device (210) is connected with the connecting shaft (220), the connecting shaft (220) is fixedly connected with the rotating rod (230), and the rotating rod (230) is fixedly connected with the angle limiting groove (240); the angle limiting groove (240) is slidably connected with the angle limiting slider (250), one end of the angle limiting slider (250) is fixedly connected with the angle limiting rod (260), the other end of the angle limiting rod (260) is hingedly connected with the additional plate support block (270), the additional plate support block (270) is connected with the rotating rod (230) through the support block connecting piece (290), the additional plate support block (270) is fixedly connected with the additional plate support rod (280), the additional plate support rod (280) is hingedly connected with the rear tail wing (110), the additional plate support block (270) is hingedly connected with the first driving device (140), and the first driving device (140) is hingedly connected with the rear tail wing (110); the end of the additional plate support block (270) is provided with a hinged lug for mounting the cable (500).

5. A hydrofoil boat adaptive drag-reducing tail wing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The translation assembly (300) comprises a third driving device (310) capable of rotating, a rack and pinion mechanism (320), and a horizontal movement sleeve (330); the third driving device (310) is fixed in the hydrofoil vessel, the output end of the third driving device (310) is connected with a gear in the rack and pinion mechanism (320), a rack in the rack and pinion mechanism (320) is fixed on the surface of the horizontal movement sleeve (330), the horizontal movement sleeve (330) is connected with the connecting shaft (220) through a rolling bearing (340), and in operation, the third driving device (310) drives the gear to rotate, the gear drives the rack to move horizontally, and the rack drives the horizontal movement sleeve (330) to move, thereby synchronously driving the connecting shaft (220) to move.

6. A hydrofoil boat adaptive drag-reducing tail wing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The device body further comprises a rotation adjustment assembly (400) for adapting to crosswind impact, the rotation adjustment assembly (400) comprises a fourth driving device (410) capable of rotating and a support rotation shaft (420), the fourth driving device (410) is fixed in a motor box opened on the rotation rod (230), the support rotation shaft (420) is fixed on the support block connector (290), and the output end of the fourth driving device (410) is connected with the support rotation shaft (420) to drive the attached plate support block (270) to rotate.

7. A method of using an adaptive drag-reducing tail wing for a hydrofoil craft vessel, characterized in that, The water-hydrofoil vessel self-adapting drag-reducing tail wing device is applied to the water-hydrofoil vessel self-adapting drag-reducing tail wing device in claim 6 and comprises the following steps: S1, initial state: the double-tail wing assembly is symmetrically unfolded on both sides of the stern, the default position is a horizontal position in the middle of the structure relative to the stern part, the attack angle is 5°, and the first driving device (140) is in a retracted state; S2, straight-line sailing: when the sailing speed is improved and the tail turbulence is enhanced, the third driving device (310) works, the translation assemblies (300) on the left and right sides synchronously push the tail wing assembly (100) to move outward to expand the flow field control range, the fourth driving devices (410) on the left and right sides work synchronously to make the angle rotation assembly (200) drive the attack angle of the tail wing assembly (100) to increase to 12°, thereby delaying water flow separation; when the Froude number Fr is greater than 0.3, the extension piece of the pop-up locking device (130) is retracted and does not perform locking work, and at the same time, the first driving device (140) is elongated, the rear tail wing (110) slides to the front tail wing (120) direction to reach a specified position and is locked through the pop-up locking device (130), so as to realize the profile adjustment of the tail wing assembly (100) and further improve the sailing performance of the vessel. S3, steering sailing: when sailing to the left, the right side third driving device (310) works to push the tail wing assembly (100) to the maximum stroke, the right side fourth driving device (410) works to make the angle rotating assembly (200) drive the attack angle of the tail wing assembly (100) to increase to 15°, the left side third driving device (310) works to push the tail wing assembly (100) to retreat to the minimum stroke, the left side fourth driving device (410) works to make the angle rotating assembly (200) drive the attack angle of the tail wing assembly (100) to decrease to 8°, and the left side hydraulic rod is retracted; the right side third driving device (310) works to push the tail wing assembly (100) to the maximum stroke, the right side fourth driving device (410) works to make the angle rotating assembly (200) drive the attack angle of the tail wing assembly (100) to increase to 15°, the left side third driving device (310) works to push the tail wing assembly (100) to retreat to the minimum stroke, the left side fourth driving device (410) works to make the angle rotating assembly (200) drive the attack angle of the tail wing assembly (100) to decrease to 8°, and the left side hydraulic rod is retracted; the right turn sailing and the left turn sailing have the same principle; S4, wave impact: when encountering cross waves, the fourth driving devices (410) on the left and right sides drive the support block rotating shaft to quickly deflect ±5°, and the hydraulic rod acts to buffer the impact force in the working process without direct intermittent stop, so as to reduce the structural vibration.

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