Fish scale stripping mechanical testing device and fish scale stripping mechanical testing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a fish scale stripping mechanical testing device and a fish scale stripping mechanical testing method, and belongs to the technical field of fish scale stripping. The device comprises a test platform, a high-precision mechanical test module, a fish body fixing and positioning module and an intelligent data acquisition module, the high-precision mechanical test module is provided with a micro tension sensor with a measuring range of 0-50N, and traction is performed at a constant speed in the horizontal direction; the fish body fixing and positioning module adopts a fish-shaped bionic curved surface clamp design, the surface of the bionic curved surface clamp is covered with a silica gel anti-skid layer, and fish bodies of different sizes and shapes can be stably fixed; the intelligent data acquisition module can record and process key parameters of maximum tension and stripping work during scale stripping in real time, and output a standardized report; the device fills the blank of lack of professional fish scale mechanical property testing equipment in the prior art, provides an important quantitative analysis tool for fish processing technology optimization and aquatic product quality research, and has a wide application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fish scale peeling, and in particular relates to a fish scale peeling mechanical testing device and a fish scale peeling mechanical testing method. Background Art

[0002] In the fish processing industry, scaling is an essential and critical step. Its efficiency and quality are directly related to the smooth progress of subsequent processing steps and the quality of the final product. Currently, the scaling methods used in the fish processing industry have many drawbacks and are unable to meet the needs of modern production and scientific research.

[0003] Manual descaling, a traditional method, relies primarily on operators using knives or specialized scraping tools. This method is not only inefficient and unsuitable for large-scale production, but also extremely labor-intensive, with prolonged operation placing a significant strain on the worker's health. Furthermore, due to the subjectivity and variability of manual operation, descaling results are often inconsistent: some areas may be overly descaled and damage the skin, while others may retain scales. Furthermore, manual descaling cannot quantify the adhesion of scales, resulting in a lack of scientific data support for process optimization.

[0004] Mechanical descaling equipment, such as commercial rotary brush and water jet descaling machines, can achieve batch descaling and improve production efficiency to a certain extent. However, these devices only perform physical descaling and cannot measure the peeling force of scales. As a result, in actual production, it is impossible to optimize descaling equipment process parameters such as the brush pressure and speed of the rotary brush and the pressure of the high-pressure water according to the adhesion characteristics of the scales of different fish species. This makes it difficult to ensure the stability and consistency of descaling results, and may lead to excessive descaling that damages the fish or incomplete descaling.

[0005] In laboratory research, some research institutions use general-purpose tensile testing machines to measure scale adhesion. However, these machines are not specifically designed for fish scale testing and present significant challenges in securing the fish. Fish have irregular shapes and smooth surfaces, and conventional securing methods can easily cause the fish to slip or shift during testing, significantly impacting the accuracy of the test data. Furthermore, this type of laboratory equipment is typically expensive, has complex operating procedures, and requires specialized technicians for operation and maintenance, making it difficult to implement on production lines or in small and medium-sized research institutions. This creates a significant disconnect between scientific research and production, hindering bidirectional optimization.

[0006] Existing scaling techniques generally lack quantitative standards. Traditional manual or mechanical scaling methods cannot accurately measure scale adhesion, depriving crucial data for process optimization. Furthermore, scales from different fish species vary significantly in structure and adhesion, but a systematic measurement tool for scale peeling force across different species is currently lacking, hindering the need for cross-sectional comparative studies of scale characteristics across different fish species in both scientific research and production.

[0007] Therefore, developing a device specifically for mechanical testing of fish scale peeling to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art has become an urgent need in the current fish processing and related research fields. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a fish scale peeling mechanical testing device and a fish scale peeling mechanical testing method. The device can accurately measure the scale peeling force, stably fix the fish body, take into account scientific research and production needs, and provide a reliable quantitative tool for fish processing technology optimization and scale mechanical property research.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] An embodiment of the present invention provides a fish scale peeling mechanical testing device, comprising a testing platform (6) and an intelligent data acquisition module, wherein a high-precision mechanical testing module and a fish body fixing and positioning module are provided on the testing platform (6), and the high-precision mechanical testing module comprises a hemostatic forceps (1), a micro-tension sensor (3) and a thin wire (4); the surface of the fish body fixing and positioning module is covered with a silicone anti-slip layer (2), and a fish body (5) is placed on the surface of the silicone anti-slip layer (2); one end of the hemostatic forceps (1) clamps the scales of the fish body (5) and forms a preset contact angle with the surface of the fish body (5), and the other end of the hemostatic forceps (1) is connected to the micro-tension sensor (3) through a thin wire (4); the intelligent data acquisition module is connected to the micro-tension sensor (3) and is used to record and process the mechanical parameters in the scale peeling process in real time, and can output a standardized report.

[0011] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, an X-shaped support frame (7) is provided at the bottom of the test platform (6).

[0012] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the fish body fixing and positioning module is a fish-shaped bionic curved surface fixture, and the fish body (5) placed on the silicone anti-slip layer (2) is fixed on the bionic curved surface fixture by a fixing piece, and the fixing piece is a cable tie or a rubber band.

[0013] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the bionic curved surface fixture can be adapted and adjusted according to the body shapes of different fish species; and the silicone anti-slip layer (2) can be cut to a preset size that fits the fish body (5).

[0014] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the hemostatic forceps (1) clamps the end of the scale of the fish body (5) with a serrated anti-skid structure, which has an anti-skid groove inside.

[0015] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent data acquisition module includes a digital display tensile gauge and a computer terminal connected to the digital display tensile gauge, the digital display tensile gauge is connected to the micro tensile sensor (3) and is used to display and record mechanical parameters, and the computer terminal is used to process data and generate standardized reports.

[0016] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the standardized report includes peak tensile force parameters, peeling work parameters, test time, and fish species.

[0017] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the preset contact angle is 0°-45°.

[0018] An embodiment of the present invention provides a fish scale peeling mechanical testing method, which is implemented using the fish scale peeling mechanical testing device as described in the above embodiment, and includes the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Place the fish body (5) on the silicone anti-slip layer (2), and fix the fish body (5) on the fish body fixing and positioning module through a fixing piece to ensure that the fish body does not move during the test; the fish body fixing and positioning module is a fish-shaped bionic curved surface fixture;

[0020] Step 2: Use one end of the hemostatic forceps (1) to clamp the scales of the fish body (5), and adjust the contact angle between the hemostatic forceps (1) and the surface of the fish body to meet the test requirements;

[0021] Step 3: Connect the other end of the hemostatic forceps (1) to the micro tension sensor (3) through a thin wire (4) to ensure the firmness of the connection, and connect the micro tension sensor (3) to the intelligent data acquisition module;

[0022] Step 4, applying a horizontal tensile force to the micro tensile sensor (3) at a constant speed, and the intelligent data acquisition module synchronously records the mechanical parameters of the maximum tensile force value at the moment when the scale is separated from the skin basement membrane;

[0023] Step 5: The intelligent data acquisition module processes the recorded data and outputs a standardized report containing key parameters such as peak tension and peeling work, providing data support for fish processing technology optimization and scale mechanical property research.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) The present invention integrates a high-precision tension sensor that can record mechanical parameters such as the maximum tension during scale separation in real time, providing quantitative data on scale adhesion for the first time. This data can be used to optimize descaling equipment parameters, such as the brush pressure and rotation speed of the rotating brush. It also supports scientific research, such as comparing the differences in scale adhesion between different fish species, providing a strong basis for research on fish evolution and scale structure.

[0026] (2) The present invention uses a fish body fixation method that combines a bionic curved surface fixture and a silicone anti-slip layer, and uses rubber bands for fixation. This ensures that the fish body does not slide during the tensile test, significantly improving the reliability of the test data. At the same time, the bionic curved surface fixture can be adjusted according to the body shape of different fish species, and the silicone anti-slip layer can be cut to a suitable size, which can adapt to fish species of different sizes and shapes, expanding the scope of application of the device.

[0027] (3) The present invention provides a standardized measurement tool that replaces general-purpose tensile testing machines for non-fish species. It is relatively easy to operate and enables low-cost real-time monitoring. It not only meets the scientific research demand for accurate data, but also adapts to the actual application of production lines, filling the gap between scientific research and production needs and helping to improve the consistency of the descaling process.

[0028] (4) The present invention fills the gap in the existing technology of lack of professional fish scale mechanical properties testing equipment, provides an important quantitative analysis tool for fish processing technology optimization and aquatic product quality research, and has broad application prospects and practical value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a hemostatic forceps provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a silicone anti-slip layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a fish scale peeling mechanical testing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application. The "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc. used in the installation position or direction of the structure or parts of this embodiment are based on the orientation of the given drawings. They are only for the convenience of expression to distinguish the relative positions of the various components or directions, and do not represent the orientation of the system or functional components of this embodiment when in use.

[0034] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fish scale peeling mechanical testing device, comprising a testing platform 6 and an intelligent data acquisition module. A high-precision mechanical testing module and a fish fixation and positioning module are mounted on the testing platform 6. The high-precision mechanical testing module includes a hemostatic forceps 1, a micro-tension sensor 3, and a thin wire 4. The fish fixation and positioning module is covered with a silicone anti-slip layer 2, on which a fish 5 is placed. The micro-tension sensor 3 is horizontally fixed to the testing platform 6 by traction.

[0035] One end of the hemostatic forceps 1 clamps the scales of the fish body 5 and forms a preset contact angle with the surface of the fish body 5, which is 0°-45°. The other end of the hemostatic forceps 1 is connected to the micro-tension sensor 3 via a thin wire 4. The intelligent data acquisition module is connected to the micro-tension sensor 3 and is used to record and process the mechanical parameters during the scale peeling process in real time and output a standardized report. The micro-tension sensor 3 has a measuring range of 0-50N and an accuracy of ±0.1% FS, which can accurately sense the changes in tension during the scale peeling process. The micro-tension sensor 3 preferably uses horizontal tension to ensure the stability of the tension direction, thereby improving the accuracy of the test data. The thin wire 4 is made of high-strength nylon wire with a diameter of 0.2mm. One end of the thin wire 4 is fixed to the end of the hemostatic forceps 1 by tying a knot, and the other end is connected to the micro-tension sensor 3 by a hook.

[0036] An X-shaped support frame 7 is provided at the bottom of the test platform 6. The fish body fixing and positioning module is a bionic curved surface fixture in the shape of a fish. The fish body 5 placed on the silicone anti-slip layer 2 is fixed to the bionic curved surface fixture through a fixing piece, so as not to damage the fish body and make the fish body anti-slip. The fixing piece is a cable tie or a rubber band. The bionic curved surface fixture is made of food-grade plastic material. A variety of adaptive curved surface shapes are designed according to the body characteristics of common fish (such as carp, grass carp, sea bass, etc.), and can be replaced according to different test fish species. The thickness of the silicone anti-slip layer is 3mm, and the surface has fine anti-slip lines. It can be cut according to the size of the bionic curved surface fixture and fixed to the surface of the bionic curved surface fixture with a food-grade adhesive.

[0037] The fish body fixing and positioning module of this embodiment is set up with a bionic curved surface clamp, and a silicone anti-skid layer is covered on the surface of the bionic curved surface clamp. The shape of the bionic curved surface clamp can be adapted and adjusted according to the body shape of different fish species, so that it can better fit the fish body and improve the stability of the fish body fixation; the silicone anti-skid layer has good anti-skid performance and a soft texture, and will not cause damage to the fish body. At the same time, the silicone anti-skid layer can be cut to a preset size that fits the fish body, further improving the fixing effect. The fish body fixing and positioning module also includes a fixing part for fixing the fish body. The fixing part can firmly fix the fish body placed on the silicone anti-skid layer on the bionic curved surface clamp without damaging the fish body, thereby preventing the fish body from sliding during the test. The fixing part adopts a medical rubber band with good elasticity, and the length can be selected according to the size of the fish body.

[0038] The hemostat 1 grips the fish scales 5 with a serrated, non-slip structure. This structure, with its internal anti-slip grooves, fits snugly against the scales, preventing them from slipping during traction. This ensures the scales can be stably pulled from the fish, improving test reliability. The hemostat is connected to a micro-tension sensor via a thin wire to transmit tension.

[0039] The intelligent data acquisition module consists of a digital force gauge and a computer connected to the gauge. The digital force gauge is connected to a micro-tension sensor to display and record scale peeling data, including key parameters such as peak force and peeling work. The computer processes the data and generates standardized reports. The standardized reports include peak force, peeling work, test time, and fish species, facilitating subsequent analysis and research.

[0040] The digital force gauge in this embodiment uses a high-precision digital display instrument with data storage capabilities, capable of storing at least 1,000 sets of test data. It is connected to the micro-tension sensor via a dedicated data cable, enabling real-time display of tension values ​​with an accuracy of up to 0.01 N. A computer installed with dedicated data processing software, connected to the digital force gauge via a USB data cable, receives and analyzes data transmitted by the digital force gauge in real time, automatically calculating parameters such as peak tension and peeling work, and generating standardized reports containing information such as test time, fish species, peak tension, and peeling work. The reports can be exported to formats such as Excel and PDF.

[0041] The present invention also provides a method for testing the mechanical properties of fish scale peeling, which is implemented using the fish scale peeling mechanical testing device of the above embodiment, and includes the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: Place the fish 5 on the silicone anti-slip layer 2 and fix the fish to the fish fixing and positioning module through a fixing piece to ensure that the fish does not move during the test; the fish fixing and positioning module is a bionic curved surface fixture;

[0043] Step 2: Use hemostatic forceps 1 to clamp the scales of the fish body 5, and adjust the contact angle between the hemostatic forceps 1 and the surface of the fish body to meet the test requirements;

[0044] Step 3: Connect the hemostatic forceps 1 to the micro tension sensor 3 via the thin wire 4 to ensure the firmness of the connection. The micro tension sensor 3 is connected to the intelligent data acquisition module.

[0045] Step 4: Apply horizontal tension to the micro tension sensor 3 at a constant speed, and the intelligent data acquisition module synchronously records the mechanical parameters of the maximum tension value at the moment when the scale separates from the skin basement membrane;

[0046] Step 5: The intelligent data acquisition module processes the recorded data and outputs a standardized report containing key parameters such as peak tension and peeling work, providing data support for fish processing technology optimization and scale mechanical property research.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] The method for performing carp scale peeling mechanical testing using the above device comprises the following steps:

[0049] Step 1. Select a fresh carp with a complete body, remove the moisture on the surface, and place it on the silicone anti-slip layer of a bionic curved fixture that is adapted to the carp's body shape. Adjust the position of the fish so that the scales to be tested face upward, and then use medical rubber bands to fix the head, middle and tail of the fish to the fixture to ensure that the fish does not slip.

[0050] Step 2: Carefully clamp a carp scale with medical hemostats, ensuring the jaws completely grip the base of the scale. Adjust the contact angle between the hemostats and the fish surface to 30°. This angle has been verified through preliminary experiments and can better simulate the force applied during actual descaling.

[0051] Step 3. Connect the high-strength nylon wire at the end of the hemostat to the micro tension sensor through the hook, ensuring that the connection is firm and the wire is in a natural drooping state without applying any additional tension.

[0052] Step 4: Set the pulling speed to 2 mm / s, which is close to the descaling speed of actual mechanical descaling equipment. This pulling force drives the micro-tension sensor to move horizontally to the right at a constant speed. A thin wire and hemostats apply horizontal tension to the scales. The digital tensile gauge displays the tension value in real time and transmits the data to the computer. The software records the change in tension over time in real time.

[0053] The moment the scales separate from the carp's skin basement membrane, the force displayed on the digital dynamometer reaches a peak, then rapidly decreases. The computer's data processing software automatically records the peak force. The guide system is then allowed to continue operating for a short distance, ensuring the scales are completely free of the fish, before stopping.

[0054] Step 5. Repeat steps 1-4 for five tests on scales from different parts of the same carp (e.g., back, abdomen, and flank). Take the average value as the peeling force parameter for the scales in that part of the carp. After the test is completed, the test data is processed using computer-based data processing software. The software automatically calculates the peak tensile force and peeling work for each test and generates a standardized report that clearly presents the test data for the scales in different parts of the carp.

[0055] It can be seen from the above examples that the fish scale peeling mechanics testing device of the present invention can stably and accurately measure the peeling mechanics parameters of fish scales, is easy to operate, and has strong adaptability, providing a reliable quantitative tool for fish processing technology optimization and related scientific research work.

[0056] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fish scale peeling mechanical testing device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a test platform (6) and an intelligent data acquisition module, wherein a high-precision mechanical test module and a fish body fixing and positioning module are provided on the test platform (6), wherein the high-precision mechanical test module comprises a hemostatic forceps (1), a micro tension sensor (3) and a thin wire (4); the surface of the fish body fixing and positioning module is covered with a silicone anti-slip layer (2), and a fish body (5) is placed on the surface of the silicone anti-slip layer (2); one end of the hemostatic forceps (1) clamps the scales of the fish body (5) and forms a preset contact angle with the surface of the fish body (5); the other end of the hemostatic forceps (1) is connected to the micro tension sensor (3) through a thin wire (4); the intelligent data acquisition module is connected to the micro tension sensor (3) and is used to record and process the mechanical parameters in the scale peeling process in real time, and can output a standardized report.

2. The fish scale peeling mechanical testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An X-shaped support frame (7) is provided at the bottom of the test platform (6).

3. The fish scale peeling mechanical testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fish body fixing and positioning module is a fish-shaped bionic curved surface fixture, and the fish body (5) placed on the silicone anti-slip layer (2) is fixed on the bionic curved surface fixture through a fixing piece, and the fixing piece is a cable tie or a rubber band.

4. The fish scale peeling mechanical testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shape of the bionic curved surface fixture can be adapted and adjusted according to the body shapes of different fish species; the silicone anti-slip layer (2) can be cut into a preset size that fits the fish body (5).

5. The fish scale peeling mechanical testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hemostatic forceps (1) clamps the scale ends of the fish body (5) with a sawtooth anti-skid structure, which has an anti-skid groove inside.

6. The fish scale peeling mechanical testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent data acquisition module comprises a digital display tensile gauge and a computer terminal connected to the digital display tensile gauge, wherein the digital display tensile gauge is connected to the micro tensile sensor (3) and is used to display and record mechanical parameters, and the computer terminal is used to process data and generate standardized reports.

7. The fish scale peeling mechanical testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The standardized report includes peak tensile force parameters, peeling work parameters, test time, and fish species.

8. The fish scale peeling mechanical testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset contact angle is 0°-45°.

9. A fish scale peeling mechanics testing method, implemented using the fish scale peeling mechanics testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Place the fish body (5) on the silicone anti-slip layer (2), and fix the fish body (5) on the fish body fixing and positioning module through a fixing piece to ensure that the fish body does not move during the test; the fish body fixing and positioning module is a fish-shaped bionic curved surface fixture; Step 2: Use one end of the hemostatic forceps (1) to clamp the scales of the fish body (5), and adjust the contact angle between the hemostatic forceps (1) and the surface of the fish body to meet the test requirements; Step 3: Connect the other end of the hemostatic forceps (1) to the micro tension sensor (3) through a thin wire (4) to ensure the firmness of the connection, and connect the micro tension sensor (3) to the intelligent data acquisition module; Step 4, applying a horizontal tensile force to the micro tensile sensor (3) at a constant speed, and the intelligent data acquisition module synchronously records the mechanical parameters of the maximum tensile force value at the moment when the scale is separated from the skin basement membrane; Step 5: The intelligent data acquisition module processes the recorded data and outputs a standardized report containing key parameters such as peak tension and peeling work, providing data support for fish processing technology optimization and scale mechanical property research.

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