Self-propelled solid fertilizer lateral topdressing device based on pneumatic trajectory principle

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-propelled solid fertilizer lateral topdressing device based on a pneumatic ballistic principle, and relates to the field of technical improvement of agricultural machinery. A pneumatic ballistic fertilization technology is adopted, and quantitative fertilizer particles are accurately injected into soil by controllable high-pressure airflow (multi-stage adjustment within a range of 0-60 cm), so that the fertilizer particles can be applied to the soil; the three-step operation of ditching, fertilizing and earthing in the traditional fertilizing process is replaced. The system realizes millimeter-level incident positioning and centimeter-level diffusion radius through closed-loop control of pulse width, so that mechanical disturbance to a soil structure is avoided, nutrients are accurately fed into soil according to crop root distribution requirements, leaching loss and volatilization of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are remarkably reduced, and the fertilizer utilization rate is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology improvement, and in particular to a self-propelled solid fertilizer lateral topdressing device based on the pneumatic ballistic principle. Background Art

[0002] In modern agricultural production, timely and effective topdressing of crops is one of the key links to improve yield and quality. Traditional solid fertilizer topdressing methods often have some limitations. On the one hand, manual topdressing is inefficient and labor-intensive, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale planting. Moreover, the uniformity and accuracy of fertilization are difficult to guarantee, which easily leads to fertilizer waste or insufficient fertilization in some areas, affecting the balanced growth of crops. On the other hand, some existing mechanical topdressing equipment has complex structure, cumbersome operation, poor adaptability, limited applicability under different terrains and planting patterns, and cannot be flexibly operated and causes great damage to soil structure. For example, CN116138012A proposes an agricultural topdressing device. Although it solves the problems of operating efficiency and operating quality, its operating steps are cumbersome and need to be manually performed, which increases operating costs. Its punching method easily destroys plant roots, which is not conducive to crop growth. At the same time, with the advancement of agricultural modernization, the requirements for intelligence, automation, and high efficiency and energy saving of topdressing equipment are increasing. Therefore, there is a need for a device that can achieve accurate and uniform discharge of fertilizers and improve operating efficiency and flexibility through a self-propelled design to solve the above-mentioned problems of low topdressing efficiency, fertilizer waste, insufficient fertilization in some areas, limited operations, and damage to soil structure and plant roots. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-propelled solid fertilizer topdressing device based on pneumatic fertilizer discharge to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, such as low topdressing efficiency, fertilizer waste, insufficient fertilization in some areas, limited operation, and damage to soil structure and plant roots.

[0004] The self-propelled solid fertilizer topdressing device based on pneumatic fertilizer discharge provided by the application comprises a chassis, a power supply system and a fertilization system, and the fertilization system comprises a fertilizer box which is fixed to the rear end of an aluminum alloy rectangular tube in the chassis by bolts, a gas cylinder which is fixed to a bearing table by bolts, an air compressor which is installed on the upper part of the gas cylinder and connected to the air inlet of the gas cylinder by a hose, a pressure gauge and a pressure regulating valve which are connected to each other and installed on the air compressor, the top of a feeding pipe is connected to the bottom of the fertilizer box, four bolt holes in the upper part of the upper end cover of the fertilizer discharge device are aligned with four bolt holes in the lower part of the feeding pipe, and the fertilizer discharge device is fixed by bolts, the bolt holes in the lower end cover and the bolt holes in the upper end cover of the fertilizer discharge device are aligned and connected by bolts and nuts, the side holes in the fertilizer discharge pipe are aligned with the holes in the side surface of the upper end cover of the fertilizer discharge device, and the fertilizer discharge pipe and the upper end cover of the fertilizer discharge device are connected by bolts at the side holes, an electromagnetic regulating valve is fixed to the upper end of the fertilizer discharge pipe, a baffle frame is installed in the gap left in the upper part of the side hole of the fertilizer discharge pipe, a baffle is connected to the baffle frame by flat pins, an elastic baffle piece is installed in the gap left in the lower part of the side hole of the fertilizer discharge pipe, a spring buckle is sleeved on the hole in the lower part of the elastic baffle piece, the upper and lower end faces of a shaft are coincident with the outer end faces of the central holes of the lower end cover and the upper end cover of the fertilizer discharge device, an upper bearing is embedded in the central hole of the upper end cover of the fertilizer discharge device and penetrated by the upper end of the shaft, a lower bearing is embedded in the central hole of the lower end cover of the fertilizer discharge device and penetrated by the upper end of the shaft, the lower end face of an electric motor of the fertilizer discharge device is coincident with the outer end face of the central hole of the lower end cover of the fertilizer discharge device, a central hole of a fertilizer suction disc is penetrated by the shaft and fixed to corresponding limiting holes in the shaft by a clamping pin, six fixed holes on the two sides of the baffle piece are fixed to eight outer holes of the fertilizer suction disc by bolts, and each outer side of the fertilizer suction disc has three holes, and each side is connected to a fixed hole on one side of the baffle piece, a fixed piece and a fertilizer pushing seat are fixed by bolts with the shaft as the center, a fertilizer pushing block is connected to the spring and the internal cylindrical protruding block of the fertilizer pushing seat in the axial direction by the spring, a gasket is installed at the lower part of the fertilizer suction disc, a central hole is penetrated by the shaft and fixed to corresponding limiting holes in the shaft by a clamping pin, and an adjusting device is installed at the lower part of the gasket, a central hole is penetrated by the shaft and fixed to the first and second limiting holes from the bottom of the shaft by clamping pins.

[0005] Preferably, the self-propelled solid fertilizer topdressing device based on pneumatic fertilizer discharge comprises an aluminum alloy rectangular tube which is welded, a small guide rail, a large guide rail and a screw rod table which are fixed to the extended parts of the four end points of the welded aluminum alloy rectangular tube by bolts, a screw rod which penetrates the screw rod table, a screw rod motor which is connected to the upper end of the screw rod, a screw rod motor which is fixed to the screw rod table, a guide rail plate which is fixed to the two sides of the large guide rail by bolts, a motor seat which is connected to the bottom end of the extended parts of the four end points of the aluminum alloy rectangular tube by a pin shaft at the right end, a hollow work platform which is connected to the left end of the motor seat, a hollow work platform which is connected to the motor, a wheel which is connected to the hollow part of the left end extended plate of the motor seat in the axial direction, and an extended shaft of the wheel which is connected to the electric motor of the wheel.

[0006] Preferably, in the self-propelled solid fertilizer topdressing device based on pneumatic fertilizer discharge, the power supply system includes a radial telescopic frame installed on a load-bearing platform, the hydraulic rod is fixed on the radial telescopic frame, the transverse telescopic frame and the radial telescopic frame are connected by bolts, the solar panels are connected by pins and fixed on the transverse telescopic frame, and the battery is installed on the load-bearing platform in the interlayer after welding of the aluminum alloy rectangular tube.

[0007] Preferably, in the self-propelled solid fertilizer topdressing device based on pneumatic fertilizer discharge, the lower end cover and the upper end cover of the fertilizer discharger both have three bolt holes processed at 90°.

[0008] Preferably, in the self-propelled solid fertilizer topdressing device based on pneumatic fertilizer discharge, the elastic baffle is made of elastic steel, and the side and bottom surfaces are in the shape of a truncated cone at an angle of 60 degrees.

[0009] Preferably, in the self-propelled solid fertilizer topdressing device based on pneumatic fertilizer discharge, the fertilizer suction plate has eight extension surfaces, and each extension surface has six bolt holes.

[0010] Preferably, in the self-propelled solid fertilizer topdressing device based on pneumatic fertilizer discharge, the baffle is made of rubber.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] Compared with the existing technology, the significant advantages of the present invention are: this device uses pressurization technology to send compressed gas into the fertilizer discharge pipe, and drives the fertilizer into the soil, replacing the ditching device, simplifying the device structure, and improving working efficiency; the fertilizer is transmitted through the fertilizer suction device, which can accurately and efficiently send the fertilizer to the designated location, reducing the failure rate of the device; the chassis can adjust the height according to road conditions and plant growth conditions, reducing the restrictions of environmental factors on working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fertilization system of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fertilizer discharge system of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seed suction disc gasket of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the regulating device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic metal baffle of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the seed suction tray of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the shaft structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the lower end surface structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the electromagnetic regulating valve of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the chassis wheel structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 1: Chassis; 11: Wheel; 12: Guide rail; 13: Screw table; 14: Screw; 15: Screw motor; 16: Aluminum alloy rectangular tube; 17: Load-bearing platform; 18: Motor base; 19: Hollow work platform; 110: Small guide rail; 111: Large guide rail; 112: Motor; 113: Wheel electric motor; 2: Power supply system; 21: Solar panel; 22: Horizontal telescopic frame; 23: Hydraulic rod; 24: Radial telescopic frame; 25: Battery; 3: Fertilization; 31: Fertilizer box; 32: Feed pipe; 33: Electromagnetic adjustment Valve; 34. Upper end cover of fertilizer dispenser; 35. Lower end cover of fertilizer dispenser; 36. Air compressor; 37. Gas cylinder; 38. Pressure gauge; 39. Pressure regulating valve; 310. Spring buckle; 311. Elastic baffle; 312. Baffle; 313. Baffle frame; 314. Fertilizer discharge pipe; 315. Fixed plate; 316. Lower bearing; 317. Adjustment device; 318. Electric motor of fertilizer dispenser; 319. Fertilizer pusher seat; 320. Fertilizer pusher block; 321. Baffle; 322. Gasket; 323. Shaft; 324. Fertilizer suction disc; 325. Upper bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," "the other end," and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounting", "provided with", "connected" and the like, should be interpreted broadly, for example, "connected" can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integrally connected; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] Embodiments

[0029] Reference Figure 1-9The present invention provides a technical solution: a self-propelled solid fertilizer topdressing device based on pneumatic fertilizer discharge, comprising a chassis (1), a power supply system (2), and a fertilizer application system (3), characterized in that the fertilizer box (31) included in the fertilizer application system (3) is fixed to the rear end of the aluminum alloy rectangular tube (16) in the chassis (1) by bolts, the gas cylinder (37) is fixed to the load-bearing platform (17) by bolts, the air compressor (36) is installed on the upper part of the gas cylinder (37) and is connected to the air inlet of the gas cylinder (37) by a hose, the pressure gauge (38) is connected to the pressure regulating valve (39), and the two are connected to the air compressor (36), the top of the feed pipe (32) is connected to the bottom of the fertilizer box (31), and the upper part of the fertilizer discharger upper end cover (34) is connected to the upper end cover (34). The four bolt holes of the fertilizer discharging device are aligned with the four bolt holes at the bottom of the feed pipe (32) and fixed with bolts. The bolt holes of the fertilizer discharging device lower end cover (35) and the fertilizer discharging device upper end cover (34) are connected with each other by bolts and nuts. The side hole in the fertilizer discharging pipe (314) is aligned with the hole opened on the side of the fertilizer discharging device upper end cover (34), and the fertilizer discharging device upper end cover (34) is connected with the fertilizer discharging device at the side hole of the fertilizer discharging pipe (314) by bolts. The electromagnetic regulating valve (33) is fixed to the upper end of the fertilizer discharging pipe (314). The baffle frame (313) is installed in the gap left at the upper part of the side hole of the fertilizer discharging pipe (314). The baffle (312) is connected to the baffle frame (313) using a flat pin. The elastic baffle (311) is installed in the gap left at the lower part of the side hole of the fertilizer discharging pipe (314). The spring buckle (310 ) is sleeved in the hole opened at the lower part of the elastic baffle (311), the upper and lower end surfaces of the shaft (323) respectively coincide with the outer end surfaces of the center holes of the lower end cover (35) and the upper end cover (34) of the fertilizer dispensing device, the upper bearing (324) is embedded in the center hole of the upper end cover (34) of the fertilizer dispensing device and is penetrated by the upper end of the shaft (323), the lower bearing (316) is embedded in the center hole of the lower end cover (35) of the fertilizer dispensing device and is penetrated by the upper end of the shaft (323), the lower end surface of the electric motor (318) of the fertilizer dispensing device coincides with the outer end surface of the center hole of the lower end cover (35) of the fertilizer dispensing device, the center hole of the fertilizer suction plate (325) is penetrated by the shaft (323) and is fixed to the corresponding limiting hole in the shaft (323) by a bayonet pin, and the six fixing holes on both sides of the baffle (321) are fixed to the fertilizer suction plate (3 25) 8 outer holes, wherein each outer side of the fertilizer suction disc (325) has 3 holes on both sides, each side is connected to a fixing hole on one side of a baffle (321), the fixing plate (315) and the fertilizer pushing seat (319) are fixed with a bolt with the shaft (323) as the center, the fertilizer pushing block (320) is axially connected with the spring and the cylindrical protrusion block inside the fertilizer pushing seat (319) by a spring, the gasket (322) is installed at the lower part of the fertilizer suction disc (325), the center hole is penetrated by the shaft, and the bayonet is fixed to the corresponding limit hole of the shaft (323), the adjustment device (317) is installed at the lower part of the gasket (322), the center hole is penetrated by the shaft (323), and the bayonet can be fixed to the first and second limit holes at the lower end of the shaft (323) respectively.The hole at the upper end of the scraper plate (119) included in the furrowing device (1) is connected to the spring pin (121), and the bolt (122) passes through the through hole of the scraper plate fixing mechanism (124) and the spring pin (121), the bolt (122) is connected to the nut (126), and a high-elasticity, high-strength spring (123) is installed on the bolt (122).

[0030] The aluminum alloy rectangular tube (16) included in the chassis (1) is welded, and the small guide rail (110), the large guide rail (111) and the spiral screw platform (12) are respectively fixed to the extended parts of the four end points of the welded aluminum alloy rectangular tube (16) by bolts. The screw (13) passes through the spiral screw platform (12), and its upper end is connected to the screw motor (15). The screw motor (15) is fixed on the spiral screw platform (12). The guide rail plate (12) is fixed to both sides of the large guide rail (111) by bolts. The right end of the motor seat (18) is connected to the guide rail plate (12) and the bottom end of the extended parts of the four end points of the aluminum alloy rectangular tube (16) by a pin shaft. The upper end face of the left end is connected to the hollow work platform (19). The hollow work platform (19) is connected to the motor (112). The wheel (11) is axially connected to the hollow part of the left end extension plate of the motor seat (18), and the extended shaft of the wheel (11) is connected to the wheel electric motor (113).

[0031] The power supply system (2) includes a radial telescopic frame (24) installed on a load-bearing platform (17), a hydraulic rod (23) fixed on the radial telescopic frame (24), a transverse telescopic frame (22) and the radial telescopic frame (24) connected by bolts, a solar panel (21) connected by a pin and fixed on the transverse telescopic frame (22), and a battery (25) installed on the load-bearing platform (17) in a sandwich after welding of an aluminum alloy rectangular tube (16).

[0032] Working principle: The device is controlled by the remote control end, the hollow work platform controls the steering, and controls the radial and lateral telescopic frames to unfold the solar panels. When the direct sunlight angle changes, the deployment angle of the solar panels changes accordingly, improving the utilization rate of solar energy. When the plants are higher, the four screw motors on the chassis are controlled to turn on and increase the chassis height. Before operation, fertilizer shaped into an elliptical or circular shape is placed in the fertilizer bin. The fertilizer enters the fertilizer discharging system under its own weight. Driven by the fertilizer discharging device's electric motor, the shaft rotates at high speed, creating an air pressure differential within the fertilizer discharging system that draws the baffle inward to form a chamber. After the fertilizer enters the chamber, the fertilizer suction disc rotates. When it rotates to the fixed fertilizer pusher, the pusher pushes the fertilizer into the fertilizer discharging pipe due to the spring action. When the fertilizer enters the fertilizer discharging pipe, the baffle droops due to its own weight, blocking the feed opening of the fertilizer discharging pipe. After the fertilizer enters the fertilizer discharging pipe, the air compressor compresses the gas stored in the gas cylinder. Under the action of the electromagnetic regulating valve, the high-pressure gas ejects the fertilizer on the elastic baffle into the soil. The diameter of the spring clip increases. After the fertilizer is ejected, the spring clip returns to its original state, and the entire device enters the next working state. Any matters not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professionals in this field.

[0033] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A self-propelled solid fertilizer topdressing device based on pneumatic fertilizer discharge, comprising a chassis (1), a power supply system (2), and a fertilizing system (3), characterized in that: The fertilizer application system (3) includes a fertilizer box (31) fixed to the rear end of the aluminum alloy rectangular tube (16) in the chassis (1) by bolts, a gas cylinder (37) fixed to the load-bearing platform (17) by bolts, an air compressor (36) installed on the upper part of the gas cylinder (37) and connected to the air inlet of the gas cylinder (37) by a hose, a pressure gauge (38) connected to a pressure regulating valve (39), and both connected to the air compressor (36), the top of the feed pipe (32) is connected to the bottom of the fertilizer box (31), the four bolt holes on the upper part of the fertilizer dispenser upper end cover (34) are aligned with the four bolt holes on the lower part of the feed pipe (32), and are fixed by bolts, and the fertilizer dispenser lower end cover (35) is connected to the fertilizer dispenser upper end cover (36). The bolt holes of the end cover (34) are connected with each other by bolts and nuts. The side hole in the fertilizer discharge pipe (314) is aligned with the hole opened on the side of the fertilizer discharge device upper end cover (34), and the side hole of the fertilizer discharge pipe (314) is connected to the fertilizer discharge device upper end cover (34) by bolts. The electromagnetic regulating valve (33) is fixed to the upper end of the fertilizer discharge pipe (314). The baffle frame (313) is installed in the gap left at the upper part of the side hole of the fertilizer discharge pipe (314). The baffle (312) is connected to the baffle frame (313) using a flat pin. The elastic baffle (311) is installed in the gap left at the lower part of the side hole of the fertilizer discharge pipe (314). The spring buckle (310) is sleeved in the hole opened at the lower part of the elastic baffle (311). The upper and lower ends of the shaft (323) are fixed to the upper end of the fertilizer discharge pipe (314). The surfaces coincide with the outer end surfaces of the center holes of the lower end cover (35) and the upper end cover (34) of the fertilizer dispensing device, respectively. The upper bearing (324) is embedded in the center hole of the upper end cover (34) of the fertilizer dispensing device and is penetrated by the upper end of the shaft (323). The lower bearing (316) is embedded in the center hole of the lower end cover (35) of the fertilizer dispensing device and is penetrated by the upper end of the shaft (323). The lower end surface of the electric motor (318) of the fertilizer dispensing device coincides with the outer end surface of the center hole of the lower end cover (35) of the fertilizer dispensing device. The center hole of the fertilizer suction plate (325) is penetrated by the shaft (323) and is fixed to the corresponding limiting hole in the shaft (323) by a bayonet pin. The 6 fixing holes on both sides of the baffle (321) are fixed to the 8 outer holes of the fertilizer suction plate (325) by bolts. (325) Each outer side has three holes on both sides, each side is connected to a fixing hole on one side of a baffle (321), the fixing plate (315) and the fertilizer pushing seat (319) are fixed with the shaft (323) as the center by bolts, the fertilizer pushing block (320) is axially connected with the spring and the cylindrical protrusion block inside the fertilizer pushing seat (319) by a spring, the gasket (322) is installed at the lower part of the fertilizer sucking disc (325), the center hole is penetrated by the shaft, and is fixed to the corresponding limiting hole of the shaft (323) by a bayonet, the adjusting device (317) is installed at the lower part of the gasket (322), the center hole is penetrated by the shaft (323), and can be fixed to the first and second limiting holes at the lower end of the shaft (323) by a bayonet.

2. A self-propelled solid fertilizer topdressing device based on pneumatic fertilizer discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy rectangular tube (16) included in the chassis (1) is welded, and the small guide rail (110), the large guide rail (111) and the screw screw platform (12) are respectively fixed to the extended parts of the four end points of the welded aluminum alloy rectangular tube (16) by bolts. The screw (13) passes through the screw screw platform (12), and its upper end is connected to the screw motor (15). The screw motor (15) is fixed on the screw screw platform (12). The guide rail plate (12) is fixed to both sides of the large guide rail (111) by bolts. The right end of the motor seat (18) is connected to the guide rail plate (12) and the bottom end of the extended parts of the four end points of the aluminum alloy rectangular tube (16) by a pin shaft. The upper end face of the left end is connected to the hollow work platform (19). The hollow work platform (19) is connected to the motor (112). The wheel (11) is axially connected to the hollow part of the left end extension plate of the motor seat (18), and the extended shaft of the wheel (11) is connected to the wheel electric motor (113).

3. The self-propelled solid fertilizer topdressing device based on pneumatic fertilizer discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply system (2) includes a radial telescopic frame (24) installed on a load-bearing platform (17), a hydraulic rod (23) fixed on the radial telescopic frame (24), a transverse telescopic frame (22) and the radial telescopic frame (24) connected by bolts, a solar panel (21) connected by a pin and fixed on the transverse telescopic frame (22), and a battery (25) installed on the load-bearing platform (17) in a sandwich after welding of an aluminum alloy rectangular tube (16).

4. The self-propelled solid fertilizer topdressing device based on pneumatic fertilizer discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer discharging device lower end cover (35) and the fertilizer discharging device upper end cover (34) all have 3 bolt holes processed at 90 degrees.

5. The self-propelled solid fertilizer topdressing device based on pneumatic fertilizer discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic blocking piece (311) is made of elastic steel, and its side surface and bottom surface are in a 60-degree frustum shape.

6. The self-propelled solid fertilizer topdressing device based on pneumatic fertilizer discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer suction disc (325) has eight extension surfaces, and each extension surface has six bolt holes.

7. The self-propelled solid fertilizer topdressing device based on pneumatic fertilizer discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blocking piece (321) is made of rubber.

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