Method for planting dictyophora rubrovolvata by using sludge generated in wood treatment process

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of edible fungus culture, and particularly relates to a method for planting dictyophora rubrovolvata by using sludge generated in a wood treatment process. In order to solve the problems that in the prior art, dictyophora rubrovolvata planting is high in wood and soil material cost, and solid waste can generate extra treatment cost, the method is provided. According to the method provided by the invention, the sludge generated in the wood treatment process can be reasonably proportioned to effectively replace soil for utilization, so that the soil cost of dictyophora rubrovolvata is reduced, and reutilization of resources is realized; the planted mushroom sticks and soil can be used for planting other traditional Chinese medicinal materials, vegetables, flowers and the like; the blended soil is decomposed, and the moisture content and the air permeability of the blended soil are improved, so that the growth of dictyophora rubrovolvata is facilitated, and the occurrence of diseases and insect pests is reduced; the prepared soil conforms to dictyophora rubrovolvata in the aspects of nutritional ingredients and the like; the method is eco-friendly.

Description

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of edible fungi cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for planting Dictyophora rubrovolvata by using sludge generated in a wood processing process. BACKGROUND

[0002] Dictyophora rubrovolvata belongs to Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes, Dictyophoraceae and Dictyophora, is a very precious edible fungus, and is known as "Queen of Mushrooms" or "Snow-Costume Fairy". It belongs to Dictyophoraceae and is one of the best quality and highest economic value varieties in the Dictyophora family. Its growth environment is strict, and the traditional cultivation method relies on a large amount of wood resources, resulting in high cost and resource waste. At the same time, the type of soil and the content of organic matter are very important for the growth and development of Dictyophora rubrovolvata, so the selection of soil also has requirements when cultivating Dictyophora rubrovolvata, which leads to a higher cost of soil in the planting process.

[0003] At present, Dictyophora rubrovolvata is often planted according to the method of fungus stick, that is, first making Dictyophora rubrovolvata fungus stick by using wood chips and then cultivating, and then using the method of bag removal and soil covering for cultivation, which requires a large amount of wood and soil.

[0004] A large amount of wood chips are needed in the process of making Dictyophora rubrovolvata fungus stick, and the raw material wood chips must be fermented by water soaking. The wastewater generated in the process of wood chip fermentation is treated by biological contact oxidation process, and a large amount of sludge is generated in the process. The sludge needs to be treated by mechanical dewatering to meet the water content requirement and then transported regularly for filtration. If the sludge is directly discarded, it will not only cause environmental pollution but also waste resources.

[0005] The existing technology for planting Dictyophora rubrovolvata has the problems of high cost of wood and soil materials, and additional treatment cost of solid waste generated in the process of wood processing. SUMMARY

[0006] To solve the problems of high cost of wood and soil materials and additional treatment cost of solid waste generated in the process of wood processing in the existing technology for planting Dictyophora rubrovolvata, the present application provides a method for planting Dictyophora rubrovolvata by using sludge generated in the process of wood processing.

[0007] The method is realized by the following technical solutions: A method for planting Dictyophora rubrovolvata by using sludge generated in the process of wood processing, which comprises four parts of preparation of Dictyophora cultivation and deployment soil, Dictyophora planting, Dictyophora harvesting and soil recycling. (1) Preparation of soil for bamboo fungus cultivation: Before removing the mushroom blocks from the bags and covering them with soil, the soil for bamboo fungus cultivation is prepared with the sludge generated during the wood processing process. The components are calculated by mass fraction: 55 to 80% sludge, 30 to 44% garden soil, 0.2 to 0.5% gypsum, 0.1 to 0.2% light calcium carbonate, 0.1 to 0.3% humic acid, and 1 to 3% bracken powder. The water content is adjusted to 65 to 70%, and the pH is adjusted to 5.0 to 6.0. After mixing evenly, the soil is fermented for 10 to 15 days before use.

[0008] (2) Bamboo fungus planting: Cover the bottom of the cultivation container with 2 to 3 cm of prepared soil, spread the bagged red bamboo fungus sticks in the cultivation container, and cover them with 3 to 5 cm of prepared soil. The cultivation temperature in the fruiting room is 20 to 25 ℃. After the mycelium is covered with soil, start applying prepared soil 3 to 5 days later. The mycelium is completed on the 15th to 18th day. After the mycelium reaches the soil surface, ventilate the soil to make the environmental carbon dioxide concentration CO2 ≤ 2000ppm, control the ambient temperature at 17 to 21 ℃, and control the air humidity at 90 to 95%. When the primordium grows to a diameter of 0.5 to 1 cm, lightly cover it with 0.3 to 0.5 cm of prepared soil to make the primordium microenvironment relatively stable and ensure its normal growth. When the primordium grows to 2 to 3 cm, artificially add water according to the soil moisture to maintain its water content at 50 to 60%, the ambient humidity at 85 to 90%, and CO2 ≤ 2000ppm.

[0009] (3) Harvesting bamboo fungus: After being planted in this environment, the red-stemmed bamboo fungus will bloom 80 to 100 days later and can be harvested and processed.

[0010] (4) Soil recycling: After the mushrooms are grown, all the soil and mushroom sticks are crushed and used to grow other vegetables, flowers and other plants, thus realizing the reuse of the soil.

[0011] Beneficial effects The present invention provides a method for growing red-stalked bamboo fungus using sludge generated during wood processing, which has the following effects: (1) The method provided by the present invention can effectively replace soil utilization by rationally proportioning the sludge generated during the wood processing process, thereby reducing the soil cost of red-stemmed bamboo fungus and realizing resource recycling; (2) The mushroom sticks and soil after planting can be used to plant other Chinese medicinal materials, vegetables, flowers and other plants, thus realizing the reuse of resources; (3) The sludge of the present invention is prepared and then used to plant red-stemmed bamboo fungus. Compared with the use of farmland soil alone, the prepared soil undergoes a decomposition process, and the moisture content and air permeability of the prepared soil are increased, which is beneficial to the growth of red-stemmed bamboo fungus and reduces the occurrence of diseases and insect pests; (4) The prepared soil of the present invention is suitable for the growth of Dictyophora rubra in terms of pH, water holding capacity, and nutrient content, and is more suitable for the cultivation of Dictyophora rubra; (5) Through the present invention, the use of soil is reduced while solving the problem of sludge discharge, thereby improving economic benefits while reducing environmental pollution and being eco-friendly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 In Example 1, the bamboo fungus was cultivated in the prepared soil; Figure 2 Soil for planting bamboo fungus in the comparative example; Figure 3 Example 2 Planting Dictyophora. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The preparation of the culture medium for red-stemmed bamboo fungus includes but is not limited to 70% sawdust, 23% wheat bran, 5% cornmeal, 0.8% sugar, 0.5% lime, 0.7% gypsum, pH 7.5-8.2, and 60-63% moisture. The culture medium is mixed evenly and then packed into a high-temperature resistant polyethylene plastic bag.

[0014] Sterilize the culture bottle filled with culture medium in an autoclave, including but not limited to high pressure sterilization at 121 to 123°C for 140 minutes; After the sterilization is completed and the temperature is cooled to 25 to 26°C, the cultured red stem liquid spawn is inoculated; After inoculation, place the mushrooms in a culture room at a temperature of 22 to 25°C. Cultivate the mushroom sticks for 80 days until the mycelium fills the bag and is ready for fruiting. The mushroom-producing cabins are fumigated with fungicides to maintain a sterile environment, ensuring that the red-stemmed bamboo fungus grows without being disturbed by external contaminants. After fumigation, ventilation is performed and the temperature and humidity inside the cabins are adjusted to suitable conditions, providing an optimal growth environment for the red-stemmed bamboo fungus.

[0015] Example 1 A method for growing red-stemmed bamboo fungus using sludge generated during wood processing includes four steps: preparing soil for bamboo fungus cultivation, planting bamboo fungus, harvesting bamboo fungus, and soil recovery. (1) Preparation of soil for bamboo fungus cultivation: Before removing the mushroom blocks from the bags and covering them with soil, the soil for bamboo fungus cultivation is prepared with the sludge generated during the wood processing process. Before removing the mushroom blocks from the bags and covering them with soil, the sludge is scientifically mixed in the following proportions: 65% sludge, 32.4% garden soil, 0.25% gypsum, 0.1% light calcium carbonate, 0.25% humic acid, 2% bracken powder. The water content is adjusted to 67%, the pH is adjusted to about 5.5, and the mixture is evenly mixed and fermented for 14 days before use.

[0016] (2) Bamboo fungus cultivation: Use a cultivation basket with a length of 46 cm, a width of 40 cm, and a height of 14.5 cm. Evenly spread the decomposed sludge mixed soil to a thickness of about 2 cm. Spread the unbagged red bamboo fungus sticks flat in the cultivation container and cover them with 3 cm of prepared soil. The cultivation temperature in the fruiting room is 25°C and the humidity is 95%. Mycelia germinate and begin to be covered with soil 3 days after the mycelia are covered with soil. Mycelia covering the soil is completed on the 18th day. After the mycelia reach the soil surface, ventilation is carried out. The fresh air system is adjusted to increase the fresh air ventilation volume so that the carbon dioxide concentration CO2 is ≤ 2000ppm. Mycelia twisting is completed on the 20th day. The temperature in the fruiting room is 22℃ and the humidity is 90%. After the buds are formed, maintain the temperature at 20°C and the humidity at 90%, and gradually reduce the ventilation to promote bud differentiation. When the primordium grows to a diameter of 0.7 cm, lightly cover it with 0.5 cm thick prepared soil to make the primordium microenvironment relatively stable and ensure its normal growth. When the primordium grows to 3 cm, artificial watering is carried out according to the soil moisture to maintain the water content at 55%, the ambient humidity at 90%, and CO2 ≤ 2000 ppm.

[0017] (3) Harvesting of bamboo fungus: 90 days after planting in the manner described in (2), the red-stemmed bamboo fungus will begin to bloom, and the bamboo fungus can be harvested and processed at this time.

[0018] (4) Soil recycling: After the mushrooms are grown, all the soil and mushroom sticks are crushed and used to grow other vegetables, flowers and other plants, thus realizing the reuse of the soil.

[0019] Example 2 A method for growing red-stemmed bamboo fungus using sludge generated during wood processing includes four steps: preparing soil for bamboo fungus cultivation, planting bamboo fungus, harvesting bamboo fungus, and soil recovery. (1) Preparation of soil for bamboo fungus cultivation: Before removing the mushroom blocks from the bags and covering the soil, the soil for bamboo fungus cultivation is prepared with the sludge generated during the wood processing process. Before removing the mushroom blocks from the bags and covering the soil, the sludge is scientifically mixed in the following proportions: 55% sludge, 42% garden soil, 0.25% gypsum, 0.2% light calcium carbonate, 0.3% humic acid, 2.25% bracken powder. The water content is adjusted to 67%, the pH is adjusted to about 5.5, and the mixture is evenly mixed and fermented for 14 days before use.

[0020] (2) Bamboo fungus cultivation: Use a cultivation basket with a length of 46 cm, a width of 40 cm, and a height of 14.5 cm. Evenly spread the decomposed sludge mixed soil to a thickness of about 2 cm. Spread the unbagged red bamboo fungus sticks flat in the cultivation container and cover them with 4 cm of prepared soil. The cultivation temperature in the fruiting room is 22°C and the humidity is 92%. Mycelia germinate and begin to be covered with soil 3 days after the mycelia are covered with soil. Mycelia covering the soil is completed on the 20th day. After the mycelia reach the soil surface, ventilation is carried out. Adjust the fresh air system to increase the fresh air ventilation volume so that the carbon dioxide concentration CO2 is ≤ 2000ppm. Mycelia twisting is completed on the 28th day. The temperature in the fruiting room is 18-20℃ and the humidity is 90-95%. After the buds are formed, maintain the temperature at 20-22°C and the humidity at 88-93%. Gradually reduce the ventilation to promote bud differentiation. When the primordium grows to a diameter of 0.5-1 cm, lightly cover it with 0.3-0.5 cm thick prepared soil to stabilize the primordium microenvironment and ensure its normal growth. When the primordium grows to 2-3cm, artificial watering is carried out according to the soil moisture to maintain the water content at 50-60%, the ambient humidity at 85-90%, and CO2 ≤ 1500ppm.

[0021] (3) Harvesting of bamboo fungus: 80 days after planting in the manner described in (2), the red-stemmed bamboo fungus begins to bloom and is then ready for harvesting and processing.

[0022] (4) Soil recycling: After the mushrooms are grown, all the soil and mushroom sticks are crushed and used to grow other vegetables, flowers and other plants, thus realizing the reuse of the soil.

[0023] Example 3 A method for growing red-stemmed bamboo fungus using sludge generated during wood processing includes four steps: preparing soil for bamboo fungus cultivation, planting bamboo fungus, harvesting bamboo fungus, and soil recovery. (1) Preparation of soil for bamboo fungus cultivation: Before removing the mushroom blocks from the bags and covering them with soil, the soil for bamboo fungus cultivation is prepared with the sludge generated during the wood processing process. Before removing the mushroom blocks from the bags and covering them with soil, the sludge is scientifically mixed in the following proportions: 60% sludge, 37.4% garden soil, 0.25% gypsum, 0.1% light calcium carbonate, 0.25% humic acid, 2% bracken powder. The water content is adjusted to 67%, the pH is adjusted to about 5.5, and the mixture is evenly mixed and fermented for 15 days before use.

[0024] (2) Bamboo fungus cultivation: Use a cultivation basket with a length of 46 cm, a width of 40 cm, and a height of 14.5 cm. Evenly spread the decomposed sludge mixed soil to a thickness of about 2 cm. Spread the unbagged red bamboo fungus sticks flat in the cultivation container and cover them with 4 cm of prepared soil. The cultivation temperature in the fruiting room is 22°C and the humidity is 92%. Mycelia germinate and begin to be covered with soil 3 days after the mycelia are covered with soil. Mycelia covering the soil is completed on the 18th day. After the mycelia reach the soil surface, ventilation is carried out. Adjust the fresh air system to increase the fresh air ventilation volume so that the carbon dioxide concentration CO2 is ≤ 2000-2500ppm. Mycelia twisting is completed on the 27th day. The temperature in the fruiting room is 18-20℃ and the humidity is 90-95%. After the buds are formed, maintain the temperature at 22-23°C and the humidity at 85-90%, and gradually reduce the ventilation to promote bud differentiation. When the primordium grows to a diameter of 0.5-1 cm, lightly cover it with 0.3-0.5 cm thick prepared soil to stabilize the primordium microenvironment and ensure its normal growth. When the primordium grows to 2-3cm, artificial watering is carried out according to the soil moisture to maintain the water content at 50-60%, the ambient humidity at 85-90%, and CO2 ≤ 1500ppm.

[0025] (3) Harvesting of bamboo fungus: 80 days after planting in the manner described in (2), the red-stemmed bamboo fungus begins to bloom and is then ready for harvesting and processing.

[0026] (4) Soil recycling: After the mushrooms are grown, all the soil and mushroom sticks are crushed and used to grow other vegetables, flowers and other plants, thus realizing the reuse of the soil.

[0027] Comparative Example 1 (1) Preparation of soil for bamboo fungus cultivation: Before removing the mushroom sticks from the bags and covering them with soil, use ordinary garden soil to prepare the soil for bamboo fungus cultivation. The soil should be composed of 97.4% garden soil, 0.25% gypsum, 0.1% light calcium carbonate, 0.25% humic acid, and 2% bracken powder. The water content should be adjusted to 67% and the pH should be adjusted to about 5.5. After mixing evenly, the soil should be fermented for 14 days before use.

[0028] (2) Bamboo fungus cultivation: Use a cultivation basket that is 46 cm long, 40 cm wide, and 14.5 cm high. Evenly spread the decomposed sludge mixed soil to a thickness of about 2 cm. Spread the unbagged red bamboo fungus sticks flat in the cultivation container and cover them with 3 to 5 cm of mixed soil. The cultivation temperature in the fruiting room should be 20 to 25°C and the humidity should be 90 to 95%.

[0029] Mycelia germinate and begin to be covered with soil 3 days after the mycelia are covered with soil. Mycelia covering the soil is completed on the 17th to 20th day. After the mycelia reach the soil surface, ventilation is carried out. Adjust the fresh air system to increase the fresh air ventilation volume so that the carbon dioxide concentration CO2 is ≤ 2000ppm. Mycelia twisting is completed on the 20th to 25th day. The temperature in the fruiting room is 20 to 22℃ and the humidity is 85 to 90%. After the buds are formed, maintain the temperature at 18 to 20°C and the humidity at 85 to 90%, and gradually reduce the ventilation to promote bud differentiation. When the primordium grows to a diameter of 0.5 to 1 cm, lightly cover it with 0.3 to 0.5 cm thick prepared soil to stabilize the primordium microenvironment and ensure its normal growth. When the primordium grows to 2 to 3 cm, artificial watering is carried out according to the soil moisture to maintain the water content at 50 to 60%, the ambient humidity at 85 to 90%, and CO2 ≤ 2000 ppm.

[0030] (3) Harvesting of bamboo fungus: 80 to 100 days after planting in the manner described in (2), the red-stemmed bamboo fungus will gradually bloom, and the bamboo fungus can be harvested and processed at this time.

[0031] (4) Soil recycling: After the mushrooms are grown, all the soil and mushroom sticks are crushed and used to grow other vegetables, flowers and other plants, thus realizing the reuse of the soil.

[0032] The soil for planting rhizoma zedoariae provided by the present application is compared with common soil, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , it can be seen that the common yellow soil is in the state of soil hardening and clumping, while the soil provided by the present application is more loose in appearance, and the soil provided by the present application is beneficial to the gas exchange process in the soil. Figure 1 The common yellow soil is Figure 2 The soil provided by the present application is beneficial to the growth of rhizoma zedoariae.

[0033] As shown in Figure 3 , it is the harvesting process of planting rhizoma zedoariae in example 2, it can be seen that the sludge produced by the process of fermenting wood chips and sewage treatment has good water holding rate and good air permeability, which is beneficial to the growth of rhizoma zedoariae and reduces the disease.

[0034] The present application has been selected as a better embodiment and disclosed as above, but is not used to limit the present application. Any researcher in the art can change and modify the research scheme of the present application by using the design parameters and contents of the above disclosed embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, therefore, any simple modification, parameter change and modification of the above embodiments made according to the research essence of the present application without departing from the scheme of the present application, all belong to the protection scope of the present application scheme.

Claims

1. A method for growing Dictyophora rubra using sludge generated during sawdust fermentation wastewater treatment, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) Preparation of soil for bamboo fungus cultivation: Before removing the mushroom sticks from the bags and covering them with soil, the soil for bamboo fungus cultivation is prepared using the sludge generated during the wood processing process; (2) Planting of bamboo fungus: Cover the bottom of the cultivation container with prepared soil, spread the unbagged red bamboo fungus sticks in the cultivation container, and cover them with prepared soil; after the sticks are covered with soil, apply prepared soil again, and after the mycelium is covered with soil, ventilate the soil after the mycelium reaches the soil surface; after the primordium grows, cover it lightly with prepared soil to make the primordium microenvironment relatively stable and ensure its normal growth; after the primordium grows further, artificially add water according to the soil moisture; (3) Harvesting of bamboo fungus: After 50-60 days of growth, the primordium will enter the flowering stage and the red-stemmed bamboo fungus will be harvested and processed; (4) Soil recovery: After the mushrooms have grown, all the soil and mushroom sticks are crushed to obtain recycled soil.

2. The method for planting Dictyophora rubra using sludge generated during wood treatment as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The bamboo fungus cultivation soil is prepared, and the components, calculated by mass fraction, are 55 to 80% of sludge, 30 to 44% of garden soil, 0.2 to 0.5% of gypsum, 0.1 to 0.2% of light calcium carbonate, 0.1 to 0.3% of humic acid, and 1 to 3% of bracken powder.

3. The method for planting Dictyophora rubra using sludge generated during wood treatment as claimed in claim 1, wherein: When preparing the bamboo fungus cultivation soil, the water content is adjusted to 65 to 70%, the pH is adjusted to 5.0 to 6.0, and the soil is mixed evenly and then fermented for 10 to 15 days.

4. A method for planting Dictyophora rubra using sludge generated during a wood treatment process as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: When planting the bamboo fungus, the bottom of the cultivation container is covered with 2 to 3 cm of prepared soil, the red-stemmed bamboo fungus sticks removed from the bag are spread flat in the cultivation container, and covered with 3 to 5 cm of prepared soil; the prepared soil is applied 3 to 5 days after the mycelia are covered with soil, and the mycelia are completely applied with soil on 15 to 18 days, and ventilation is carried out after the mycelia reach the soil surface; when the primordium grows to a diameter of 0.5 to 1 cm, the prepared soil is lightly covered with 0.3 to 0.5 cm thick soil.

5. The method for planting Dictyophora rubra using sludge generated during wood treatment as claimed in claim 3, wherein: When the bamboo fungus is planted, the culture temperature in the mushroom house is 20 to 25° C. when the mycelium is covered with soil.

6. A method for planting Dictyophora rubra using sludge generated during wood treatment as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: When the bamboo fungus is planted, ventilation is performed after the mycelium reaches the soil surface so that the ambient carbon dioxide concentration CO2 is ≤2000ppm, the ambient temperature is controlled at 17 to 21°C, and the air humidity is controlled at 90 to 95%.

7. A method for planting Dictyophora rubra using sludge generated during a wood treatment process as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: When the bamboo fungus is planted, artificial watering is performed according to soil moisture when the primordium grows to 2 to 3 cm, so that the water content is maintained at 50 to 60%, the environmental humidity is maintained at 85 to 90%, and the environmental CO2 concentration is ≤2000 ppm.

8. The method for planting Dictyophora rubra using sludge generated during wood treatment as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The bamboo fungus is harvested 80 to 100 days after artificial water replenishment.

9. The method for planting Dictyophora rubra using sludge generated during wood treatment as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The recycled soil is used for growing other vegetables, flowers and other plants.

Images