Periplaneta americana processing technology and water pill preparation method thereof
Through the co-production of wine and vinegar and the sorghum mold-forming technology, combined with low-temperature drying and quality inspection, the problems of fishy odor and uniformity in the preparation of American cockroaches have been solved, and efficient preparation and stable quality of pellets have been achieved, which has improved patient medication compliance and production controllability. It is suitable for the large-scale production of American cockroach water-filled pills.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511025767.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-10
AI Technical Summary
The existing methods for preparing American cockroaches have limited effect in improving the fishy odor, resulting in poor patient compliance and difficulty swallowing orally. The preparation process of water-filled pills is time-consuming, has poor uniformity, and is unstable in repeatability and quality, making it difficult to meet the requirements of large-scale production.
We adopt a standardized process for the co-production of wine and vinegar, combine it with sorghum rice demolding and low-temperature intermittent drying technology, and establish a strict quality inspection system to ensure that the fishy smell is significantly reduced, the uniformity of the pellets and the stability of the ingredients. The fishy smell is reduced by the co-production of wine and vinegar, and standardized operations improve the controllability and consistency of the process.
Significantly improve patient medication compliance, enhance pellet uniformity and ingredient stability, shorten preparation time, reduce production costs, ensure consistency across batches, and meet large-scale production needs.
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the processing technology field of Periplaneta americana, in particular to a Periplaneta americana processing technology and a preparation method of water-flooded pills thereof. BACKGROUND
[0002] As a clinically valuable insect medicinal material, Periplaneta americana is an anti-tumor single Chinese medicine, and its micro-powder is widely used in folk. The active ingredients can play a role by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and regulating immune microenvironment. The fishy odor problem of the powder decoction pieces is clearly recorded in the past dynasties and local standards. The existing processing methods (such as boiling water scalding, ethanol soaking, simple frying, etc.) have limited effect on improving the fishy odor, and the obvious fishy odor of Periplaneta americana micro-powder leads to poor patient compliance, swallowing difficulty and other problems, which restricts the clinical application and promotion. Based on the theory of "pill is slow", the water-flooded pill dosage form meets the slow-release needs of long-term medication of tumor patients, which can prolong the duration of drug effect and reduce the frequency of drug administration. The traditional water-flooded pill preparation process has problems such as time-consuming in starting the mold and poor uniformity of the pills. At the same time, although the literature has confirmed that the co-preparation of wine and vinegar can significantly reduce the fishy odor and has formed the best process parameters, there is a lack of standardized operation guidance for the whole link of medicinal material preparation, auxiliary material preparation, rubbing, frying, storage, etc., resulting in poor process repeatability, unstable batch quality, and difficulty in meeting the consistency requirements of large-scale production and clinical medication. SUMMARY
[0003] The technical problems to be solved by the present application are that the improvement effect on fishy odor is limited, which leads to poor patient compliance, swallowing difficulty and other problems, and restricts the clinical application and promotion. The water-flooded pill preparation process has problems such as time-consuming in starting the mold and poor uniformity of the pills, poor process repeatability, unstable batch quality, and difficulty in meeting the requirements of large-scale production.
[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the present application is as follows: a Periplaneta americana processing technology, comprising the following steps:
[0005] S1, medicinal material preparation: selecting Periplaneta americana raw products meeting the medicinal standards, and weighing the appropriate amount of Periplaneta americana raw products after cleaning;
[0006] S2, auxiliary material preparation: measuring wine and vinegar in a volume ratio of 1:1, mixing and stirring uniformly, and obtaining the wine and vinegar mixed auxiliary material;
[0007] S3, rubbing: according to the medicinal material to auxiliary material ratio of 5:1, rubbing the cleaned Periplaneta americana raw products with the above-mentioned wine and vinegar mixed auxiliary material, so that the auxiliary material is uniformly adsorbed on the surface of the medicinal material, and the rubbed medicinal material is placed in a suitable container with a lid, and is soaked at room temperature for 4 hours, so that the auxiliary material is fully absorbed and penetrates into the internal tissue of the medicinal material;
[0008] S4, frying: after the American cockroach is put into the preheated frying pan, the gentle fire is used to continue frying for 10 minutes;
[0009] S5, out of the pot and spread: after reaching the end of frying, the American cockroach is quickly taken out of the frying pan, and the medicine dregs and debris are removed through an 8-mesh sieve. The processed product is placed in a clean spread tray under room temperature and ventilation conditions, and is naturally spread and aired to room temperature.
[0010] S6, storage: the spreaded American cockroach processed product is put into a sealed container and stored in a dry, ventilated, light-proof and cool place to prevent mold, insect damage and oil spoilage.
[0011] Further, the wine in S2 is white wine with an alcohol content of 45-55%; the vinegar has a total acid content of ≥5.0 g / 100 mL and meets the pharmaceutical standard.
[0012] Further, the room temperature condition in the moistening process in S3 is 10-30℃, and the moistening process can be turned over 1-2 times to ensure that the auxiliary materials are completely absorbed.
[0013] Further, the preheating in S4 is to feel the heat at a distance of 8-10 cm from the bottom of the pot, and the gentle fire is to keep the temperature in the pot at about 80-120℃. During the frying process, the "eight-character method" is used to turn over frequently, the bottom of the pot is bright, and the medicinal materials are evenly heated.
[0014] Further, the end of frying in S5 is judged by the "oil shiny and glossy on the surface of the medicinal materials, the overall color deepens, and a strong odor is emitted".
[0015] Further, the American cockroach water flooding pill preparation method comprises the following steps:
[0016] 1. Raw material pretreatment: the processed American cockroach is dried at 45℃ in a low temperature environment;
[0017] 2. Millet mold innovation process: millet and American cockroach powder are taken in a ratio of 1:5, the millet is cooked to 60-70% maturity, the American cockroach powder is sprinkled on the cooked millet, and the powder is evenly spread with a broom. The mold is rotated and rolled to make the powder evenly adsorbed on the millet. With half of the mold as a water area, water is evenly brushed on the mold with a brush, and the wet powder is rolled on the powder. Repeat the operation until the pill mold is formed with a diameter of 1.5-2mm and good roundness. The uniform pill mold is selected for the next step.
[0018] 3. Fine operation of pill forming: the selected pill mold is put into the mold, and water and American cockroach powder are alternately added to strengthen the hardness and roundness of the pill.
[0019] 4. Low-temperature intermittent drying technology: after the pellet forming, the low-temperature intermittent drying method of 40-45 DEG C is adopted.
[0020] 5. Strict quality detection system: a perfect quality detection system is established, and the appearance inspection should meet the standards of "round and smooth, uniform color, no adhesion and breakage".
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the application has the advantages that:
[0022] 1. Based on the wine and vinegar co-preparation of Periplaneta americana, the fishy smell of Periplaneta americana is significantly reduced, and the patient's medication compliance is improved.
[0023] 2. The traditional empirical wine and vinegar co-preparation process is converted into a standardized system, and the quantitative parameters and qualitative standards are clearly defined, which solves the problems of fuzzy operation and poor reproducibility of the existing process, realizes the controllability and consistency of the processing process, and ensures the uniformity of different batches of processed products in appearance and effective component stability, avoids the quality fluctuation caused by process difference, and lays a reliable material foundation for the subsequent preparation efficacy. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] Example 1
[0025] A Periplaneta americana processing technology, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
[0026] S1, medicinal material preparation: select Periplaneta americana raw products meeting the medicinal standards, remove impurities and non-medicinal parts after cleaning treatment, and prepare for use, and according to the production or experimental requirements, a proper amount of cleaned Periplaneta americana raw products is weighed;
[0027] S2, preparation of auxiliary materials: the wine is white wine with an alcohol content of 45-55%, and the vinegar is edible vinegar with a total acid content of ≥5.0g / 100mL, the wine and vinegar are taken in a volume ratio of 1:1, mixed and stirred uniformly, and the wine-vinegar mixed auxiliary materials are obtained;
[0028] S3, wetting: according to the medicine-auxiliary material ratio of 5:1 of Periplaneta americana raw products and wine-vinegar mixed auxiliary materials, the cleaned Periplaneta americana raw products and the above-mentioned wine-vinegar mixed auxiliary materials are fully mixed, so that the auxiliary materials are fully absorbed and penetrated into the internal tissue of the medicinal materials; the mixed medicinal materials are placed in a suitable container with a lid, and are soaked at room temperature of 20-25 DEG C for 4 hours, and can be turned over 1-2 times during the soaking process to ensure that the auxiliary materials are completely absorbed.
[0029] S4, frying: preheat the frying pan, such as iron pan or electric frying pan, hand away from the bottom of the pan 8-10 cm feel hot, that is 80-100 ℃; the damp after the Periplaneta americana is put into the preheated frying pan, adopt low heat, keep the temperature in the pan at 80-120 ℃, continue to fry for 10 minutes, adopt "eight character method" during frying process, frequently stir-fry, bright pot bottom, make the medicinal materials evenly heated; the end point of frying is judged by "the surface of the medicinal materials is shiny and glossy, the overall color is deepened, and there is a strong odor overflow";
[0030] S5, out of the pot and spread: after reaching the end point of frying, quickly take out the Periplaneta americana from the frying pan, remove the chaff and debris through the 8 mesh sieve; put the sieved processed product into a clean spread tray, and naturally spread under the condition of room temperature and ventilation to room temperature, avoiding direct sunlight;
[0031] S6, storage: the spreaded Periplaneta americana processed product is put into a sealed container, such as a brown wide-mouth bottle or an aluminum plastic bag, and stored in a dry, ventilated, light-proof and cool place according to the provisions of "storage of insects in Chinese Pharmacopoeia" (current edition) to prevent mildew, insect damage and oil spoilage.
[0032] Based on the traditional deodorization principle of wine and vinegar co-preparation, the fishy smell of Periplaneta americana is significantly reduced through precise parameter control, and the patient's medication compliance is improved. At the same time, the standardization process ensures the uniformity of different batches of processed products in appearance and stability of active ingredients, avoids quality fluctuations caused by process differences, and lays a reliable material foundation for subsequent preparation efficacy.
[0033] The Periplaneta americana prepared according to the aforementioned processing technology is prepared into water flooding pills, including the following steps:
[0034] 1. Raw material pretreatment: the processed Periplaneta americana is dried at 45 ℃ in a low temperature environment.
[0035] The dried Periplaneta americana decoction pieces need to reach the standard of uniform yellow-brown color, crisp and easy to crush, and mild fishy smell without spoilage. The dried product is crushed, and the fine powder is passed through a 100 mesh sieve. The fine powder needs to reach the standard of "no grain feeling when hand twisting, no obvious fiber bundle under microscope" to provide high quality raw materials for subsequent flooding pills.
[0036] 2. Millet demolding innovation technology: select high-quality round and smooth millet, wash the millet with tap water for 3 times, then cook it on an electromagnetic oven for 4 minutes until the millet is 60-70% mature and swollen with a hard core. Then wash it with clean water for 2-3 times to remove the rice oil, and drain the water for standby.
[0037] The millet is weighed in a bamboo tray in a ratio of 1:5 with the powder of Periplaneta americana, the powder of Periplaneta americana is scattered on the cooked rice to cover the rice, the rice is stirred with a broom, the bamboo tray is rotated by hands to make the powder evenly absorbed on the millet, the powder is swept from one end to the other end with a dry brush, and the powder is concentrated on the other side of the bamboo tray by tilting the bamboo tray; the half of the bamboo tray is used as a water area, and the water is evenly brushed on the bamboo tray with a brush, and the powder is scattered on the powder, and the bamboo tray is continuously rotated to make the wet powder roll on the powder.
[0038] The operation is repeated to gradually increase the size of the pellets until the pellets with a diameter of 1.5-2 mm and good roundness are formed, and the uniform pellets are screened into the next step.
[0039] The millet is used as a mold process, the gelatinization characteristics of the millet starch are used to accelerate the pellet formation, the preparation time is shortened by more than 30% compared with the traditional water flooding pellet process, the uniformity of the pellets is improved, and the production cost is reduced.
[0040] The millet, as an auxiliary material, has the effects of invigorating the spleen and stomach, and can relieve the symptoms of weakness of the spleen and stomach after radiotherapy and chemotherapy of tumor patients, and forms a double effect of "treatment + conditioning" with the active ingredients of Periplaneta americana, realizes the synergistic effect of "drug and adjuvant in one", and enhances the overall clinical efficacy.
[0041] 3. The operation of the pellet forming is fine: the qualified pellets are put into the bamboo tray, and the water and the powder of Periplaneta americana are alternately added, the water is added in a small amount and uniformly each time, the bamboo tray is fully rotated after the powder is added, and the methods such as kneading and overturning are used to strengthen the hardness and roundness of the pellets.
[0042] The size and shape of the pellets are closely observed during the operation, the amount of water and powder and the operation strength are adjusted in time, when the diameter of the pellets is close to 3 mm, the forming quality is controlled by the method of "collision and rotation", the inclination angle of the bamboo tray is kept unchanged, the wrist force is adjusted to make the pellets form a "spiral rising-natural falling" motion track in the bamboo tray, the gravity is used to strengthen the collision strength between the pellets, and the pellet shape is gradually rounded. The powder-water ratio is adjusted to control the growth rate of the pellets, and finally the diameter of the finished pellets is stabilized in the range of 3.2±0.05 mm. If the pellets are adhered during the operation, the water brushing is immediately stopped, and the bamboo tray is quickly rotated to separate the pellets; the deformed pellets are removed in time with tweezers.
[0043] 4. Low-temperature intermittent drying technology: after the pellets are formed, the low-temperature intermittent drying method at 40-45°C is used.
[0044] The pellets are evenly spread on a bamboo sieve, with a thickness of ≤3 cm. First, dry for 2 hours to evaporate the surface moisture, stand for 1 hour to allow the internal moisture to diffuse to the surface, and then continue drying for 6-8 hours until the moisture content is reduced to 7%-9%. Turn the pellets every 2 hours during the drying process to prevent local overheating and surface hardening. The drying endpoint is determined by the "pinching test": take a few pills and pinch them gently. If the texture is hard and there is no soft feeling, and the cross-section is uniform in color without wet marks, the drying requirement is met.
[0045] 5. Strict quality testing system: A perfect quality testing system should be established, and the appearance inspection should meet the standards of "round and smooth, uniform color, no sticking and breaking".
[0046] The water-flooded pill dosage form solves the problem of oral swallowing difficulty and can achieve sustained release, significantly improving the tolerance of long-term medication for tumor patients and improving the clinical medication compliance.
[0047] It should be noted that, in the present text, relational terms such as first and second are used merely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus.
[0048] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made thereto without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, the scope of which is defined by the following claims and their equivalents.
[0049] The above describes the present application and its embodiments, which are not limiting. In general, if a person of ordinary skill in the art is inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the present application, similar structural ways and embodiments can be designed without creative design, which should belong to the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A process for preparing American cockroaches, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Preparation of medicinal materials: Select raw American cockroaches that meet the medicinal standards and weigh an appropriate amount of the cleaned raw American cockroaches; S2. Preparation of auxiliary materials: Measure wine and vinegar in a volume ratio of 1:1, mix and stir evenly to obtain the wine-vinegar auxiliary material; S3, mixing and moistening: according to the drug-excipient ratio of the raw American cockroach product and the wine vinegar mixed excipient of 5:1, the cleaned raw American cockroach product and the above-mentioned wine vinegar mixed excipient are thoroughly mixed, and the mixed medicinal material is placed in a suitable container with a lid, and moistened at room temperature for 4 hours to allow the excipient to be completely absorbed and fully penetrate into the medicinal material tissue; S4. Stir-frying: Place the mixed American cockroaches into a preheated wok and stir-fry over low heat for 10 minutes; S5. Unloading and Airing: After the frying is completed, the American cockroaches are quickly removed from the frying pan, sieved through an 8-mesh sieve to remove the drug scraps and debris, and the sieved processed product is placed in a clean airing tray and naturally aired to room temperature under ventilated conditions; S6. Storage: After airing, the prepared American cockroaches should be placed in sealed containers and stored in a dry, ventilated, dark, cool place to prevent mold, insect infestation and oil rancidity.
2. The process for processing American cockroaches according to claim 1, wherein: The wine in S2 is white wine with an alcohol content of 45-55%; the vinegar has a total acid content of ≥5.0g / 100mL and meets edible standards.
3. The process for processing American cockroaches according to claim 1, wherein: The room temperature condition of the moistening process in S3 is 10-30° C., and the container can be turned over 1-2 times during the moistening process to ensure that the auxiliary materials are completely absorbed.
4. The process for processing American cockroaches according to claim 1, wherein: The preheating in S4 is to feel the heat when the hand is 8-10 cm away from the bottom of the pot, and the low heat is to keep the temperature in the pot at 80-120°C. During the frying process, the "eight-character method" is used to stir frequently and brighten the bottom of the pot so that the medicinal materials are heated evenly.
5. The process for processing American cockroaches according to claim 1, wherein: The frying end point described in S5 is judged by the criteria of "the surface of the medicinal material is glossy and shiny, the overall color is deepened, and a strong smell is emitted." 6. A method for preparing American cockroach water-filled pills prepared according to the processing process of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved:
1. Raw material pretreatment: Dry the processed American cockroaches at a low temperature of 45°C; 2. Innovative millet mold-forming process: Weigh millet cooked to about 60% to 70% doneness in a ratio of millet to American cockroach powder of 1:
5. Place it on a bamboo plate. Sprinkle the fine American cockroach powder over the cooked rice and evenly mix it with a broom. Hold the plate with both hands and rotate it to evenly absorb the powder onto the millet. Using half the plate as the wet area, use a brush dipped in water to evenly brush the bamboo plate. Sprinkle the fine powder over the dough and continue rotating the bamboo plate to coat the wet dough with the powder. Repeat this process until the pellets are formed into well-rounded molds with a diameter of 1.5-2mm. Select the uniform molds and proceed to the next step.
3. Refined operation of pan-pill forming: Place the qualified pellet molds that have been screened into a bamboo plaque, and add water and American cockroach powder alternately to enhance the hardness and roundness of the pellets.
4. Low-temperature intermittent drying technology: After the pellets are formed, they are dried intermittently at a low temperature of 40-45°C.
5. Strict quality inspection system: Establish a complete quality inspection system, and the appearance inspection should meet the standards of "round and smooth, uniform color, and no adhesion or breakage".