Gas-liquid separator suitable for high-pressure air and separation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas-liquid separator suitable for high-pressure air and a separation method.The gas-liquid separator is mainly composed of a swirler blade assembly, an inlet pipe, a left shell, a right shell, a water retaining ring, an outlet pipe, a middle pipe and a drainage pipe nozzle, and the swirler blade assembly is composed of a stator swirler blade, a movable swirler blade, a bearing, a shaft sleeve and a nut; the movable swirl vane is installed on a shaft of the stator swirl vane through a bearing and a shaft sleeve. After high-pressure wet air passes through the swirler blade assembly, saturated liquid drops in the high-pressure wet air are thrown to the wall surface of the inlet pipe under the action of swirling flow and are discharged through the drainage pipe nozzle after passing through a labyrinth path between the inlet pipe and the shell, and dry air after liquid separation is discharged after passing through the outlet pipe. Secondary rotational flow is generated through the movable rotational flow blades in the rotational flow blade assembly, liquid drops which are not separated out of air are secondarily separated, the separated liquid drops are difficult to flow back through a labyrinth type path, the original flow direction of dry air is improved through the secondary rotational flow, small air leakage is generated, and high dehumidification separation efficiency is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of gas-liquid separator design, in particular to a gas-liquid separator suitable for high-pressure air and a separation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In aircraft environmental control systems, high-pressure air exiting the hot side of the condenser undergoes cooling, causing its saturated water vapor to precipitate into liquid droplets. Gas-liquid separators are used to separate these droplets. Typically, there are two types of gas-liquid separators: tangential and axial. Axial gas-liquid separators are widely used due to the spatial layout requirements of environmental control systems.

[0003] The swirl blades of the axial gas-liquid separator are divided into stator swirl blades and dynamic swirl blades. Although the separation efficiency of the dynamic swirl blades is higher than that of the stator swirl blades, the gas-liquid separator of the dynamic swirl blade type requires external shaft power input. This condition limits its application in the flight control system. Although adding stator swirl blades can also improve a certain separation efficiency, multiple stator swirl blades will greatly increase the axial length of the separator, making its installation subject to spatial layout restrictions. When the humidity of the air is high, the efficiency of the existing separator is often difficult to meet the requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a gas-liquid separator and a separation method suitable for high-pressure air, which can solve the technical problem in the prior art that the separator is limited by the spatial layout and has low separation efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A gas-liquid separator suitable for high-pressure air includes a cyclone blade assembly arranged in an inlet channel of the gas-liquid separator, the cyclone blade assembly further comprising:

[0007] stator swirl blades, wherein the stator swirl blades are fixed in the inlet channel of the gas-liquid separator, and the air inlet side of the stator swirl blades corresponds to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator;

[0008] The dynamic swirl blade is arranged in the inlet channel of the gas-liquid separator and is located on the exhaust side of the stator swirl blade. The dynamic swirl blade and the stator swirl blade are assembled together on a rotating shaft, and the dynamic swirl blade is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft.

[0009] As a solution:

[0010] The tip of the stator swirl blade is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the gas-liquid separator inlet channel, and the root of the stator swirl blade is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft;

[0011] The dynamic swirl blade is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft through two bearings arranged at intervals. A sleeve is provided between the two bearings and is sleeved on the rotating shaft. A nut for limiting the bearing position is installed on the rotating shaft and on the side of the axial end face of the dynamic swirl blade away from the stator swirl blade.

[0012] As a solution, the diameter of the dynamic swirl blade is smaller than the diameter of the stator swirl blade.

[0013] As a solution, the gas-liquid separator for high-pressure air also includes:

[0014] a housing comprising an inlet, an outlet, and an internal cavity;

[0015] an inlet pipe, the inlet pipe constituting an inlet passage of the gas-liquid separator, the first end of the inlet pipe being located outside the shell, the second end extending into the internal cavity of the shell through the inlet of the shell, a support ring being provided inside the inlet pipe and near the second end of the inlet pipe, the support ring being connected to the inner wall of the inlet pipe via a plurality of equally spaced support plates, the spaces between adjacent support plates forming a flow channel, and the cyclone blade assembly being disposed within the inlet pipe;

[0016] an intermediate tube, a portion of which is located in the internal cavity of the shell, a first end of the intermediate tube being inserted into the inlet tube through the second end of the inlet tube and the inner annular surface of the support ring inside the inlet tube, and the second end of the intermediate tube extending to the outlet of the shell;

[0017] A water retaining ring is an annular member installed in the internal cavity of the housing. The intermediate tube passes through the inner ring hole of the water retaining ring. The second end of the inlet tube is located between the inner wall of the water retaining ring and the outer wall of the intermediate tube. The axial end face of the water retaining ring corresponding to the outlet side of the housing is closed, and the axial end face corresponding to the inlet side of the housing is open.

[0018] an outlet pipe, the outlet pipe being installed at the outlet of the shell, the first end of the outlet pipe extending to the outside of the shell, the second end of the outlet pipe being located in the internal cavity of the shell, and the second end of the intermediate pipe being located in the outlet pipe;

[0019] A drainage nozzle is installed on the shell near the outlet side of the shell, the inlet of the drainage nozzle is connected to the internal cavity of the shell, and the outlet is located on the outside of the shell.

[0020] As a solution: multiple support plates extend axially and radially along the inlet pipe respectively, wherein the axial extension forms a length that matches the axial direction of the support ring, and after radial extension, one end is connected to the inner wall of the inlet pipe, and the other end is connected to the support ring, and multiple flow channels serve as channels connecting the inlet pipe, the water retaining ring, the internal cavity of the shell and the drainage nozzle.

[0021] As a solution, the outer shape of the inlet pipe comprises a circular truncated cone and a circular cylinder, wherein the bottom surface of the circular truncated cone forms the second end of the inlet pipe, the support ring is located inside the circular truncated cone, the top surface of the circular truncated cone is connected with the first end of the circular cylinder, and the second end of the circular cylinder forms the first end of the inlet pipe.

[0022] As a solution, the shell comprises a right shell and a left shell, both of which are variable cross-section shells, and the maximum outer diameter cross-section of the right shell is connected with the maximum outer diameter cross-section of the left shell, the minimum outer diameter cross-section of the right shell forms the inlet of the shell, and the minimum outer diameter cross-section of the left shell forms the outlet of the shell.

[0023] As a solution, the inner wall of the inlet pipe is provided with a boss, and the stator rotational flow blade is positioned and installed at the boss.

[0024] As a solution:

[0025] The water blocking ring is welded to the outer wall of the intermediate pipe in the circumferential direction;

[0026] The inlet of the shell is welded to the inlet pipe in the circumferential direction;

[0027] The outlet of the shell is welded to the outlet pipe in the circumferential direction;

[0028] The drain pipe nozzle is welded to the shell in the circumferential direction.

[0029] A gas-liquid separation method suitable for high-pressure air, which adopts the above-mentioned gas-liquid separator with an inlet pipe, an intermediate pipe, a water blocking ring and a drain pipe, and comprises:

[0030] After the high-pressure hot air containing moisture is cooled, the saturated water vapor is converted into liquid droplets due to a large amount of precipitation caused by the temperature reduction, the high-pressure wet air is introduced into the inlet pipe, the high-pressure wet air performs rotational motion after passing through the rotational flow blade assembly, and the liquid droplets are thrown to the inner wall surface area of the inlet pipe by the centrifugal force, and the high-pressure dry air flows in the central area of the inlet pipe. The gas-liquid separation method is divided into two modes;

[0031] In the large-flow high-pressure wet air mode, a part of the liquid droplets are separated by the stator rotational flow blade, and the remaining part of the liquid droplets are separated by the dynamic rotational flow blade while the dynamic rotational flow blade in the rotating state consumes the gas energy of the high-pressure air;

[0032] In the small-flow high-pressure wet air mode, all the liquid droplets are separated by the stator rotational flow blade while the dynamic rotational flow blade in the non-rotating state rectifies the high-pressure air after dehumidification;

[0033] The separated droplets are discharged through the drainage nozzle after passing through the maze path formed by the inner wall of the inlet pipe, the flow channel formed by the gap between adjacent support plates, the space between the water retaining ring and the outer wall of the intermediate pipe, and the space between the outer ring surface of the water retaining ring and the internal cavity of the shell. The high-pressure dry air is discharged through the intermediate pipe and the outlet pipe, completing the separation of high-pressure dry air and droplets.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following characteristics:

[0035] (1) The stator swirl blades remain stationary, while the dynamic swirl blades can rotate freely. The dynamic swirl blades in the cyclone blade assembly generate secondary swirl, and the unseparated droplets will be thrown onto the inner wall of the pipe / the area near the inner wall again;

[0036] (2) A labyrinthine path is designed to make it difficult for separated droplets to flow back, and the high-pressure dry air improves its original flow direction through secondary swirl, resulting in less air leakage and achieving high dehumidification and separation efficiency;

[0037] (3) The dynamic swirl blades and the stator swirl blades are integrated into a cyclone blade assembly, which reduces the axial size of the gas-liquid separator and solves the technical problem of low separation efficiency of the separator in the prior art due to spatial layout limitations. The dynamic swirl blades do not require external power drive (the kinetic energy of the gas is converted into mechanical energy of the dynamic swirl blades). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a gas-liquid separator suitable for high-pressure air in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram (cross section) of the internal structure of the gas-liquid separator in the assembly state;

[0040] Figure 3 is a structural diagram of a swirler blade assembly;

[0041] Figure 4 It is the structural diagram of the inlet pipe;

[0042] Figure 5 is the internal schematic diagram of the inlet pipe (cross section);

[0043] Figure 6 This is a working principle diagram of the gas-liquid separator of the present invention;

[0044] In the figure, 1- cyclone blade assembly, 2- inlet pipe, 3- right housing, 4- left housing, 5- water retaining ring, 6- outlet pipe, 7- intermediate pipe, 8- drain nozzle, 11- stator swirl blade, 12- bearing, 13- dynamic swirl blade, 14- bushing, 15- nut, 16- support ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, it should not be understood that the scope of the subject matter described in the present invention is limited to the following embodiments. Without departing from the above technical ideas of the present invention, various modifications, substitutions and changes made according to common technical knowledge and customary means in the field are included in the scope of the present invention.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a gas-liquid separator suitable for high-pressure air and a working method thereof designed by the present invention are mainly composed of a cyclone blade assembly 1, an inlet pipe 2, a right shell 3, a left shell 4, a water retaining ring 5, an outlet pipe 6, an intermediate pipe 7 and a drainage nozzle 8.

[0047] like Figure 2 The swirler blade assembly 1 consists of a stator swirl blade 11, a dynamic swirl blade 13, a bearing 12, a sleeve 14 and a nut 15. The dynamic swirl blade 12 is installed on the rotating shaft of the stator swirl blade 11 through two bearings 12 and a sleeve 14. The wet air enters the intake pipe 2 and then passes through the swirler blade assembly 1.

[0048] like Figure 6 The saturated liquid droplets in the wet air are thrown to the inner wall of the inlet pipe 2 after the action of vortex (centrifugal separation), and are discharged through the drainage nozzle 8 through the maze path formed by the flow channel formed by the intervals between adjacent support plates, the space between the water retaining ring 5 and the intermediate pipe 7, the space between the water retaining ring 5 and the right shell 3, and the space between the water retaining ring 5 and the left shell 4. The high-pressure dry air after the liquid is separated is discharged after passing through the intermediate pipe 7 and the outlet pipe 6. Figure 6 The thicker arrows in the figure represent the flow path of the high-pressure dry air formed after the high-pressure wet air is separated, and the thinner arrows represent the flow path of the droplets formed after the high-pressure wet air is separated.

[0049] The diameter of the dynamic swirl blade 13 in the swirler blade assembly 1 is 2 to 3 mm smaller than the diameter of the stator swirl blade 11, which facilitates the droplets separated by passing through the stator swirl blade 11 to flow along the inner wall of the inlet pipe 2. The swirler blade assembly 1 is inserted into the inlet pipe 2, and the top (tip) of the stator swirl blade 11 is spot welded to the inner wall of the inlet pipe 2 to prevent the stator swirl blade 11 from axial and circumferential rotation.

[0050] like Figure 4 and Figure 5The left end of the inlet pipe 2 is a truncated cone structure, and the right end is a cylindrical structure. On the inner wall of the truncated cone structure, there are four support plates distributed along the same circumference with equal central angles. The ends of the support plates are connected to the support ring 16. The inner ring hole of the support ring 16 is used to install the intermediate pipe 7 to facilitate the support of the intermediate pipe 7. The four support plates divide the space between the outer wall of the support ring 16 and the inner wall of the truncated cone structure of the inlet pipe 2 into four flow channels. The four flow channels are used to connect the water retaining ring 5 and the inlet pipe 2. Figure 4 A boss is also provided on the inner wall of the inlet pipe 2 to facilitate the contact and positioning of the cyclone blade assembly 1 therewith.

[0051] After the intermediate pipe 7 is inserted into the water retaining ring 5 and adjusted to a suitable position, the water retaining ring 5 is connected to the intermediate pipe 7 along the circumference of the intermediate pipe 7 by laser welding.

[0052] After the inlet pipe 2 is inserted into the right shell 3 and adjusted to a suitable position, the right shell 3 is welded to the inlet pipe 2 along the circumference of the inlet pipe 2 .

[0053] The left shell 4 is first welded to the outlet pipe 6 and then aligned with the right shell 3 and welded to the left shell 4.

[0054] The drain nozzle 8 is inserted into the hole groove provided on the left shell 4 to a suitable position and then welded to the left shell 4 along the circumferential direction.

[0055] The method for gas-liquid separation using the above-mentioned gas-liquid separator includes the following process:

[0056] After the high-pressure hot and humid air is cooled, its saturated water vapor will precipitate in large quantities and turn into liquid droplets due to the lowered temperature. After the high-pressure wet air is passed into the inlet of the gas-liquid separator inlet pipe 2, the high-pressure wet air and the precipitated liquid droplets will rotate after passing through the cyclone blade assembly 1. Due to the large weight of the liquid droplets, during the rotation process, the liquid droplets will be thrown onto the inner wall surface of the inlet pipe 2 or the area near the inner wall surface, while the high-pressure dry air will move in the central area of ​​the inlet pipe 2;

[0057] When the incoming high-pressure wet air flow is large, due to its high speed, there are still droplets that have not been separated after passing through the stator swirl blades 11 of the swirler blade assembly 1. At this time, the unseparated droplets will be separated again by the dynamic swirl blades 12. The rotation of the dynamic swirl blades 12 will consume a certain amount of high-pressure gas energy to prevent impact damage to other components.

[0058] When the flow rate of the incoming high-pressure wet air is small, the dynamic swirl blades 12 are in a stationary state, which can rectify the dehumidified high-pressure dry air, improve its flow direction, and produce less air leakage;

[0059] The separated droplets flow on the inner wall surface of the inlet pipe 2 or in the area close to the inner wall surface, and then pass through the maze path (such as Figure 5 The path indicated by the thinner arrow is a maze-like path, which is composed of the flow channel formed by the inner wall of the inlet pipe 2, the interval between the support plates, the water retaining ring 5, the right shell 3 and the left shell 4) until the drainage nozzle 8 is discharged, and the high-pressure dry air is discharged from the outlet pipe 6, completing the separation of the high-pressure dry air and the droplets.

[0060] The simulation cloud diagram reveals that when high-pressure moist air passes only through the stator swirl blades 11, some gas passes through the wall of the inlet pipe 2 and is discharged from the drain nozzle 8 along with the liquid droplets. However, the addition of the dynamic swirl blades 13 changes the direction of the airflow, concentrating it more closely at the center of the cyclone blade assembly 1, thereby reducing the likelihood of gas being discharged along the wall. This reduces air loss and results in minimal air leakage. Furthermore, the addition of the dynamic swirl blades 13 provides a secondary separation of liquid droplets that have passed through the stator swirl blades 11 but remain unseparated. The airflow is then concentrated at the center of the cyclone blade assembly 1, minimizing interference with the droplets and preventing some droplets from being carried away by the airflow, which could affect separation efficiency.

[0061] Those skilled in the art will be able to make various adjustments to this application based on actual circumstances. The general principles defined in this application may be implemented in other implementations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments shown, but is intended to conform to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and features set forth in the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A gas-liquid separator suitable for high-pressure air, characterized by: The invention comprises a cyclone blade assembly (1) arranged in an inlet channel of a gas-liquid separator, wherein the cyclone blade assembly (1) further comprises: stator swirl blades (11), the stator swirl blades (11) being fixed in the inlet channel of the gas-liquid separator, and the air inlet side of the stator swirl blades (11) corresponding to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator; The dynamic swirl blade (13) is arranged in the inlet channel of the gas-liquid separator and is located on the exhaust side of the stator swirl blade (11). The dynamic swirl blade (13) and the stator swirl blade (11) are assembled together on a rotating shaft, and the dynamic swirl blade (13) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft.

2. The gas-liquid separator suitable for high-pressure air according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tip of the stator swirl blade (11) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the gas-liquid separator inlet channel, and the root of the stator swirl blade (11) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft; The dynamic swirl blade (13) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft via two bearings (12) arranged at intervals. A shaft sleeve (14) sleeved on the rotating shaft is provided between the two bearings (12). A nut (15) for limiting the position of the bearing is installed on the rotating shaft and on the side of the axial end face of the dynamic swirl blade (13) away from the stator swirl blade (11).

3. The gas-liquid separator suitable for high-pressure air according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the dynamic swirl blade (13) is smaller than the diameter of the stator swirl blade (11).

4. The gas-liquid separator suitable for high-pressure air according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: a housing comprising an inlet, an outlet, and an internal cavity; An inlet pipe (2), the inlet pipe (2) constituting an inlet passage of the gas-liquid separator, a first end of the inlet pipe (2) being located outside the shell, a second end extending through the shell inlet into the inner cavity of the shell, a support ring (16) being provided inside the inlet pipe (2) and close to the second end of the inlet pipe (2), the support ring (16) being connected to the inner wall of the inlet pipe (2) via a plurality of equally spaced support plates, the spaces between adjacent support plates forming a flow channel, and a cyclone blade assembly (1) being provided in the inlet pipe (2); an intermediate tube (7), a portion of which is located in the internal cavity of the shell, a first end of the intermediate tube (7) being inserted into the inlet tube (2) through the second end of the inlet tube (2) and the inner annular surface of a support ring (16) inside the inlet tube (2), and a second end of the intermediate tube (7) extending to the outlet of the shell; A water retaining ring (5) is an annular member installed in the inner cavity of the shell, the intermediate tube (7) passes through the inner ring hole of the water retaining ring (5), the second end of the inlet pipe (2) is located between the inner wall of the water retaining ring (5) and the outer wall of the intermediate tube (7), the axial end face of the water retaining ring (5) corresponding to the outlet side of the shell is closed, and the axial end face corresponding to the inlet side of the shell is open; an outlet pipe (6), the outlet pipe (6) being installed at the outlet of the shell, the first end of the outlet pipe (6) extending to the outside of the shell, the second end being located in the internal cavity of the shell, and the second end of the intermediate pipe (7) being located in the outlet pipe (6); A drainage nozzle (8) is installed on the shell near the outlet side of the shell, the inlet of the drainage nozzle (8) is connected to the internal cavity of the shell, and the outlet is located outside the shell.

5. The gas-liquid separator suitable for high-pressure air according to claim 4, characterized in that: The plurality of support plates extend along the axial direction and radial direction of the inlet pipe (2), respectively. The support plates extend along the axial direction to form a length that matches the axial direction of the support ring (16). After extending along the radial direction, one end of the support plates is connected to the inner wall of the inlet pipe (2), and the other end is connected to the support ring (16). The plurality of flow channels serve as channels to connect the inlet pipe (2), the water retaining ring (5), the internal cavity of the shell, and the drainage nozzle (8).

6. The gas-liquid separator suitable for high-pressure air according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer shape of the inlet pipe (2) comprises a frustum and a cylinder, wherein the bottom surface of the frustum forms the second end of the inlet pipe (2), the support ring (16) is located inside the frustum, the top surface of the frustum is connected to the first end of the cylinder, and the second end of the cylinder forms the first end of the inlet pipe (2).

7. The gas-liquid separator suitable for high-pressure air according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shell comprises a right shell (3) and a left shell (4), both of which are variable-section shells, and the maximum outer diameter section of the right shell (3) is connected to the maximum outer diameter section of the left shell (4), the minimum outer diameter section of the right shell (3) forms an inlet of the shell, and the minimum outer diameter section of the left shell (4) forms an outlet of the shell.

8. The gas-liquid separator suitable for high-pressure air according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the inlet pipe (2) is provided with a boss, and the stator swirl blades (11) are positioned and installed on the boss.

9. The gas-liquid separator suitable for high-pressure air according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water retaining ring (5) is welded to the outer wall of the intermediate pipe (7) along the circumferential direction; The inlet of the shell is welded to the inlet pipe (2) along the circumferential direction; The outlet of the shell is welded to the outlet pipe (6) along the circumferential direction; The drainage nozzle (8) is welded to the shell along the circumferential direction.

10. A gas-liquid separation method suitable for high-pressure air, characterized by: The gas-liquid separator according to claim 4 is used, and comprises: After the high-pressure hot and humid air is cooled, a large amount of saturated water vapor therein is precipitated and converted into liquid droplets due to the temperature drop. The high-pressure wet air is passed into the inlet pipe (2). After the high-pressure wet air passes through the cyclone blade assembly (1), it rotates. The liquid droplets are thrown to the inner wall area of ​​the inlet pipe (2) by the centrifugal force and flow. The high-pressure dry air flows in the central area of ​​the inlet pipe (2). The gas-liquid separation method is divided into two modes. In the large-flow, high-pressure wet air mode, a portion of the liquid droplets is separated by the stator swirl blades (11), and the remaining portion of the liquid droplets is separated by the dynamic swirl blades (13). At the same time, the gas energy of the high-pressure air is consumed by the dynamic swirl blades (13) in a rotating state; In the low-flow, high-pressure wet air mode, all liquid droplets are separated by the stator swirl blades (11) while the dehumidified high-pressure air is rectified by the moving swirl blades (13) in a non-rotating state; The separated liquid droplets are discharged through the drainage nozzle (8) after passing through the labyrinth path formed by the inner wall of the inlet pipe (2), the flow channel formed by the intervals between adjacent support plates, the space between the water retaining ring (5) and the outer wall of the intermediate pipe (7), and the space between the outer ring surface of the water retaining ring (5) and the internal cavity of the shell. The high-pressure dry air is discharged through the intermediate pipe (7) and the outlet pipe (6), completing the separation of the high-pressure dry air and the liquid droplets.

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