Porous ceramic material for reducing noise and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of porous ceramic material preparation, in particular to a porous ceramic material for reducing noise and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following six steps: S1, mixing, S2, foaming, S3, homogenizing, S4, injection molding and demolding, S5, drying and S6, sintering. According to the invention, the fly ash is modified to replace common polystyrene spheres as a pore-forming agent, so that the range of pore size distribution is expanded, the apparent porosity is improved, the specific surface area of the porous ceramic is increased, and the production cost is reduced. In addition, the foaming agent and the gelling agent are modified, and the sound absorption coefficient of the prepared porous ceramic plate is improved. In addition, the raw materials used in the invention are mainly environment-friendly materials such as building waste, fly ash and sludge, are safe and non-toxic, and are relatively low in production cost; moreover, the preparation method is simple, and the performance of the product cannot be obviously influenced by small change of preparation conditions, so that the method disclosed by the invention has good repeatability and is suitable for large-scale production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of porous ceramic material preparation, in particular to a porous ceramic material for reducing noise and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Noise pollution has become one of the world's three major sources of pollution, alongside air and water pollution. It significantly impacts people's physical and mental health. Studies have shown that noise not only impairs cognition and learning but also induces cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and mental illnesses, thereby shortening human lifespan. Furthermore, noise can cause sleep disturbances, impact fetal development, and even cause miscarriage. As people's demands for a higher quality of life continue to rise, the need for research and development of noise pollution prevention and control technologies is increasing to safeguard public health and protect and improve the living environment. To more effectively address the hazards of environmental noise, sound-absorbing materials with excellent acoustic properties are urgently needed.

[0003] In construction projects, noise control is generally achieved through sound insulation and absorption during the propagation of sound waves. Sound insulation materials can effectively reduce the noise's impact range by redirecting the noise's propagation direction, but they do not significantly reduce the sound energy and, instead, increase the sound intensity within the barrier. Sound-absorbing materials, on the other hand, absorb some of the sound energy, thereby reducing sound intensity, making them an effective means of noise control. Sound-absorbing materials primarily include porous and resonant materials. Currently, the most widely used resonant material is perforated sound-absorbing panels. When the inherent resonant frequency of a perforated panel is closer to the frequency of the incident sound wave, the air vibrations caused by the sound propagation within the structure become more intense, resulting in a significant dissipation of the sound wave. While adjusting the sound absorption coefficient of a resonant structure can effectively improve specific low frequencies, urban noise often exhibits a wide and variable frequency spectrum, making it difficult to achieve significant sound absorption using resonant materials. Compared to resonant materials, porous materials have a wider absorption frequency range and perform better in the high-frequency range. Compared with other sound-absorbing materials, porous ceramics have unique advantages such as acid and alkali resistance, good weather resistance, high refractoriness, and long service life. They are also safe, non-toxic, and environmentally friendly, making them an ideal sound-absorbing material. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a porous ceramic material for reducing noise and a preparation method thereof. By modifying fly ash, a gelling agent and a foaming agent, the sound absorption performance of the ceramic is enhanced, and a highly safe and environmentally friendly building material is provided to meet the noise reduction needs of buildings.

[0005] This is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The raw materials of the porous ceramic material for noise reduction include the following components, calculated by weight: 40-50 parts of construction solid waste, 15-20 parts of fly ash, 5-10 parts of modified fly ash, 10-20 parts of modified gelling agent, 10-20 parts of modified foaming agent, 5-10 parts of calcium hydroxide, 1-5 parts of silicone resin polyether emulsion, and 1-5 parts of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester;

[0007] The modified fly ash is a dense core-shell composite particle wrapped with calcium lactate;

[0008] The modified gelling agent is compounded by silt, sodium alginate and gypsum in a mass ratio of 5:2:2;

[0009] The modified foaming agent is prepared by compounding sodium lauryl sulfate, 0.15% carbon powder and waste glass in a mass ratio of 4:3:3.

[0010] Specifically, the steps for preparing the modified fly ash are:

[0011] Step (1): weighing calcium lactate and fly ash in a mass ratio of 0.7 to 0.9:1, adding the fly ash to a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.005 mol / L, stirring for 10 to 15 minutes, and then filtering to obtain a filter residue, placing the filter residue in a blast drying oven, and drying it at 120°C for 30 to 45 minutes, taking it out and grinding it to obtain 10-100 μm fly ash for standby use;

[0012] Step (2): Calcium lactate is added to deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:15, and ultrasonically dispersed at 45 kHz, 250 W, and 180° C. for 30 to 40 minutes. Dried fly ash is then added, stirred for 2 to 3 hours, and vacuum dried in a vacuum drying oven at 80° C. for 3 to 4 hours to obtain dense core-shell composite particles wrapped with calcium lactate. These replace commonly used polystyrene spheres as pore-forming agents, thereby expanding the range of pore size distribution, improving apparent porosity, and increasing the specific surface area of ​​the porous ceramic.

[0013] Specifically, the modified gelling agent is prepared as follows: silt, sodium alginate, and gypsum with a moisture content of 65-75% are weighed in a mass ratio of 5:2:2; gypsum and deionized water are added into a ball mill in a mass ratio of 1:0.4-0.5; the mixture is ball-milled at a speed of 400 r / min for 0.5 hour to be fully ground into silt; silt and sodium alginate are added under stirring; stirring is continued for 15-20 minutes and fully mixed; and finally, the mixture is heated to 60° C. to obtain the modified gelling agent for use.

[0014] Specifically, the preparation steps of the modified foaming agent are:

[0015] Weigh sodium lauryl sulfate and 0.15% carbon powder in a mass ratio of 4:3, then dissolve sodium lauryl sulfate in deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:10, add the weighed carbon powder to the dissolved sodium lauryl carbonate solution, stir evenly to ensure that the carbon powder is completely dispersed in the solution, then crush the waste glass into particles with an average particle size of 50-105μm, add them to the mixed solution, stir evenly and set aside.

[0016] A method for preparing a porous ceramic material for reducing noise comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1 mixing: 40-50 parts of construction solid waste and 15-20 parts of fly ash are mixed, followed by the addition of 5-10 parts of calcium hydroxide, 1-5 parts of silicone resin polyether emulsion, and 1-5 parts of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, deionized water, and ball milling for 2-3 hours. A modified gelling agent is then added and further ball milled to obtain a slurry;

[0018] S2 Foaming: Add 10-20 parts of modified foaming agent to the ball-milled slurry, heat to 80°C, and stir at a speed of 1000 r / min until the slurry reaches the predetermined foaming volume;

[0019] S3 homogenization: add 5-10 parts of modified fly ash to the foaming slurry obtained in S2 and homogenize for 10-15 minutes;

[0020] S4 Injection and demoulding: Inject the homogenized slurry into the mold, dry it at room temperature in a ventilated place for 18 to 24 hours, and demould;

[0021] S5 Drying: Dry the demoulded green body with air for 10 to 12 hours;

[0022] S6 Firing: Place the dried green body into a muffle furnace, calcine in sections, cool to room temperature, take out, cut, package and store.

[0023] Specifically, in the S1, the first stage of ball milling is performed at a rotation speed of 500-650 r / min for 2-3 hours; the second stage of ball milling is performed at a rotation speed of 1000 r / min for 1-2 hours.

[0024] Specifically, the staged calcination is:

[0025] In the first stage, the temperature is raised from room temperature to 350-450°C at a rate of 5°C / min and calcined for 1-2 hours;

[0026] In the second stage, the temperature is raised from 350°C to 450°C to 750°C to 800°C at a rate of 10°C / min and calcined for 3 to 4 hours;

[0027] In the third stage, the temperature is raised from 750°C to 800°C to 1050°C to 1100°C at a rate of 5°C / min and calcined for 1 to 2 hours.

[0028] Specifically, the specifications of the foamed ceramic after cutting are selected from one or more of 60cm×60cm×5cm; 60cm×100cm×5cm; and 50cm×100cm×10cm.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] According to the national standard GB / T 16731-1997, building products are considered sound-absorbing materials if their noise reduction coefficient, as measured by the reverberation chamber method, is greater than 0.2. The porous ceramic material produced by the present invention has a sound absorption coefficient of 0.53 to 0.61, clearly meeting this requirement. Furthermore, the porous ceramic material has a porosity of 80 to 85% and a flexural strength of 2.1 to 2.9 MPa, demonstrating its mechanical strength, ease of transportation and installation, and resistance to damage during use.

[0031] The addition of fly ash can reduce slurry viscosity and increase solids content, thereby reducing greenware drying time and shrinkage. The present invention also modifies fly ash, replacing commonly used polystyrene spheres as a pore-forming agent. This expands the pore size distribution, increases apparent porosity, and increases the specific surface area of ​​the porous ceramic, further reducing production costs. Furthermore, the addition of the modified gelling agent and modified foaming agent prepared in this invention also improves the sound absorption coefficient of the porous ceramic plate.

[0032] More importantly, the raw materials used in the present invention are mainly environmentally friendly materials such as construction waste, fly ash and silt, which are safe and non-toxic to use and have relatively low production costs. In addition, the preparation method is simple, and slight changes in the preparation conditions will not significantly affect the performance of the product. Because the method described in the present invention has good repeatability, it is suitable for large-scale production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 Pore ​​distribution diagram of the cross section of the porous ceramic prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 Surface condition of the porous ceramic prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 Surface condition of the porous ceramic prepared in Example 4 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention are described in detail in conjunction with the embodiments. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are therefore only used as examples and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that the experimental methods used in the examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials, reagents, etc. used are all available from commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0038] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the numerical range "a-b" is an abbreviation for any combination of real numbers between a and b, where a and b are real numbers. For example, the numerical range "0-5" indicates that all real numbers between "0-5" are listed herein, and "0-5" is merely an abbreviation for these numerical combinations.

[0039] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all embodiments and preferred embodiments mentioned herein can be combined with each other to form a new technical solution.

[0040] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all steps mentioned herein may be performed sequentially or randomly, but are preferably performed sequentially; for example, the method includes S1 and S2, which means that the method may include S1 and S2 performed sequentially, or may include S2 and S1 performed sequentially; for example, the method may further include S3, which means that S3 may be added to the method in any order, for example, the method may include S1, S2 and S3, or may include S1, S3 and S2, or may include S3, S1 and S2, etc.

[0041] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the specific numerical values ​​and specific substances in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with other features of the description part of the present invention; for example, if the specification mentions that the reaction temperature is 10-100°C, and the embodiment mentions that the reaction temperature is 20°C, then it can be considered that the present invention has specifically disclosed the range of 10-20°C, or the range of 20-100°C, and this range can be combined with other features of the description part to form a new technical solution.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] Preparation of modified fly ash

[0044] Step (1): weighing calcium lactate and fly ash in a mass ratio of 0.7:1, adding the fly ash to a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.005 mol / L, stirring for 10 minutes, and then filtering to obtain a filter residue, placing the filter residue in a blast drying oven, blast drying at 120°C for 30 minutes, taking it out and grinding it to obtain 10-100 μm fly ash for standby use;

[0045] Step (2): Calcium lactate is added to deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:15, and ultrasonically dispersed at 45kHz, 250W, and 180°C for 30 minutes. Dried fly ash is then added, stirred for 2 hours, and placed in a vacuum drying oven at 80°C for 3 to 4 hours. The mixture is then taken out to obtain dense core-shell composite particles wrapped with calcium lactate.

[0046] Preparation of modified gelling agent

[0047] Silt, sodium alginate and gypsum with a moisture content of 65-75% were weighed in a mass ratio of 5:2:2. Gypsum and deionized water were added into a ball mill in a mass ratio of 1:0.4. The mixture was ball-milled at a speed of 400 r / min for 0.5 h and fully ground into silt. Silt and sodium alginate were added under stirring, and stirring was continued for 15 min. The mixture was fully mixed. Finally, the mixture was heated to 60°C to obtain a modified gelling agent for use.

[0048] Preparation of modified foaming agent

[0049] Weigh sodium lauryl sulfate and 0.15% carbon powder in a mass ratio of 4:3, then dissolve sodium lauryl sulfate in deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:10, add the weighed carbon powder to the dissolved sodium lauryl carbonate solution, stir evenly to ensure that the carbon powder is completely dispersed in the solution, then crush the waste glass into particles with an average particle size of 50-105μm, add them to the mixed solution, stir evenly and set aside.

[0050] Preparation of porous ceramic materials for noise reduction

[0051] S1 mixing: 41 parts of construction solid waste and 17 parts of fly ash were mixed, followed by the addition of 5 parts of calcium hydroxide, 3 parts of silicone resin polyether emulsion, and 4 parts of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, deionized water was added, and the mixture was ball-milled at a speed of 500-650 r / min for 2 hours. Subsequently, 13 parts of modified gelling agent was added thereto and the mixture was further ball-milled at a speed of 1000 r / min for 1 hour to obtain a slurry;

[0052] S2 Foaming: Add 12 parts of modified foaming agent to the ball-milled slurry, heat to 80°C, and stir at a speed of 1000 r / min until the slurry reaches the predetermined foaming volume;

[0053] S3 homogenization: add 5 parts of modified fly ash to the foaming slurry obtained in S2 and homogenize for 10 minutes;

[0054] S4 Injection and demoulding: Inject the homogenized slurry into a mold with a thickness of 5 cm, dry it at room temperature in a ventilated place for 24 hours, and demould;

[0055] S5 Drying: Dry the demoulded green body with forced air for 12 hours;

[0056] S6 Firing: The dried green body is placed in a muffle furnace. In the first stage, the temperature is raised from room temperature to 350-450°C at a rate of 5°C / min and calcined for 1-2 hours. In the second stage, the temperature is raised from 350-450°C to 750-800°C at a rate of 10°C / min and calcined for 3-4 hours. In the third stage, the temperature is raised from 750-800°C to 1050-1100°C at a rate of 5°C / min and calcined for 1-2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the green body is removed and cut into 60cm×100cm×5cm ceramic plates.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] Preparation of modified fly ash

[0059] Step (1): weighing calcium lactate and fly ash in a mass ratio of 0.9:1, adding the fly ash to a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.005 mol / L, stirring for 15 minutes, and then filtering to obtain a filter residue, placing the filter residue in a blast drying oven, and drying it at 120°C for 45 minutes, taking it out and grinding it to obtain 10-100 μm fly ash for standby use;

[0060] Step (2): Calcium lactate was added to deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:15, and ultrasonically dispersed at 45kHz, 250W, and 180°C for 30 minutes. Dried fly ash was then added, stirred for 2 hours, and placed in a vacuum drying oven at 80°C for 4 hours. The mixture was taken out to obtain dense core-shell composite particles wrapped with calcium lactate.

[0061] Preparation of modified gelling agent

[0062] Silt, sodium alginate and gypsum with a moisture content of 65-75% were weighed in a mass ratio of 5:2:2, gypsum and deionized water were added into a ball mill in a mass ratio of 1:0.5, and ball milled at a speed of 400 r / min for 0.5 h until fully ground into silt. Silt and sodium alginate were added under stirring, and stirring was continued for 15 min. After thorough mixing, the mixture was heated to 60°C to obtain a modified gelling agent for use.

[0063] Preparation of modified foaming agent

[0064] Weigh sodium lauryl sulfate and 0.15% carbon powder in a mass ratio of 4:3, then dissolve sodium lauryl sulfate in deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:10, add the weighed carbon powder to the dissolved sodium lauryl carbonate solution, stir evenly to ensure that the carbon powder is completely dispersed in the solution, then crush the waste glass into particles with an average particle size of 50-105μm, add them to the mixed solution, stir evenly and set aside.

[0065] Preparation of porous ceramic materials for noise reduction

[0066] S1 mixing: 40 parts of construction solid waste and 17 parts of fly ash were mixed, followed by the addition of 6 parts of calcium hydroxide, 2 parts of silicone resin polyether emulsion, and 3 parts of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, deionized water was added, and the mixture was ball-milled at a speed of 650 r / min for 3 hours. Subsequently, 14 parts of modified gelling agent was added thereto and the mixture was further ball-milled at a speed of 1000 r / min for 2 hours to obtain a slurry;

[0067] S2 Foaming: Add 13 parts of modified foaming agent to the ball-milled slurry, heat to 80°C, and stir at a speed of 1000 r / min until the slurry reaches the predetermined foaming volume;

[0068] S3 homogenization: add 5 parts of modified fly ash to the foaming slurry obtained in S2 and homogenize for 10 minutes;

[0069] S4 Injection and demoulding: Inject the homogenized slurry into a mold with a thickness of 5 cm, dry it at room temperature in a ventilated place for 24 hours, and demould;

[0070] S5 Drying: Dry the demoulded green body with forced air for 12 hours;

[0071] S6 Firing: The dried green body is placed in a muffle furnace. In the first stage, the temperature is raised from room temperature to 350-450°C at a rate of 5°C / min for 1-2 hours. In the second stage, the temperature is raised from 350-450°C to 750-800°C at a rate of 10°C / min for 3-4 hours. In the third stage, the temperature is raised from 750-800°C to 1050-1100°C at a rate of 5°C / min for 1-2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the green body is removed and cut into 60 cm × 60 cm × 5 cm ceramic plates.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] The preparation method of the modified fly ash, modified gelling agent and modified foaming agent in this embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment.

[0074] The difference between the porous ceramic material for reducing noise in this embodiment and that in Example 1 is that the material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 45 parts of construction solid waste, 15 parts of fly ash, 8 parts of modified fly ash, 10 parts of modified gelling agent, 11 parts of modified foaming agent, 5 parts of calcium hydroxide, 4 parts of silicone resin polyether emulsion, and 2 parts of polyoxyethylene dehydrated sorbitan fatty acid ester. The rest of the preparation method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0075] Example 4

[0076] The preparation method of the modified fly ash, modified gelling agent and modified foaming agent in this embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment.

[0077] S1 mixing: 41 parts of construction solid waste and 17 parts of fly ash were mixed, followed by the addition of 5 parts of calcium hydroxide, 3 parts of silicone resin polyether emulsion, and 4 parts of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, deionized water was added, and the mixture was ball-milled at a speed of 500 r / min for 2 hours. Subsequently, 13 parts of modified gelling agent was added thereto and the mixture was further ball-milled at a speed of 1000 r / min for 1 hour to obtain a slurry;

[0078] S2 Foaming: Add 12 parts of modified foaming agent to the ball-milled slurry, heat to 80°C, and stir at a speed of 1000 r / min until the slurry reaches the predetermined foaming volume;

[0079] S3 homogenization: add 5 parts of modified fly ash to the foaming slurry obtained in S2 and homogenize for 10 minutes;

[0080] S4 Injection and demoulding: Inject the homogenized slurry into a mold with a thickness of 10 cm, dry it at room temperature in a ventilated place for 18 hours, and demould;

[0081] S5 Drying: Dry the demoulded green body with air for 10 hours;

[0082] S6 Firing: The dried green body is placed in a muffle furnace. In the first stage, the temperature is raised from room temperature to 350-450°C at a rate of 5°C / min for 1-2 hours. In the second stage, the temperature is raised from 350-450°C to 750-800°C at a rate of 10°C / min for 3-4 hours. In the third stage, the temperature is raised from 750-800°C to 1050-1100°C at a rate of 5°C / min for 1-2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the green body is removed and cut into 60 cm × 60 cm × 5 cm ceramic plates.

[0083] Comparative Example 1

[0084] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the modified fly ash in S3 homogenization is replaced by fly ash.

[0085] Comparative Example 2

[0086] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the modified gelling agent in the S1 mixture is replaced by sodium alginate.

[0087] Comparative Example 3

[0088] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the modified foaming agent in the S2 foaming is replaced by sodium lauryl sulfate.

[0089] Performance Testing

[0090] The performance of the samples prepared in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were evaluated.

[0091] Sound absorption performance evaluation

[0092] The sound absorption performance of the samples prepared in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 was evaluated according to the national standard "Classification of Sound Absorption Performance of Building Sound Absorption Products" (GB / T 16731-1997).

[0093] Bending strength

[0094] The three-point bending and flexural strength of noise-reducing porous ceramic materials were tested using a SANS CMT5105 microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine.

[0095] Porosity

[0096] The porosity of noise-reducing porous ceramics was determined using the Archimedes drainage method.

[0097] Use an electronic balance (accurate to 0.1 mg) to measure the dry weight m1 of the noise-reducing porous ceramic in air. Immerse the measured dry weight in a wide-mouth bottle filled with distilled water and vacuum for 30 minutes until no bubbles appear on the surface. Remove the sample from the water and place it on a submerged tray connected to the electronic balance. Measure the floating mass m2 of the sample in water. Weigh the mass of the sample in air after it has fully absorbed water m3.

[0098] The porosity η of the material is calculated using the following formula:

[0099] η=[(m3-m1) / (m3-m2)]×100%

[0100] In the formula, η is porosity, %; m1 is dry weight of the material, g; m2 is the mass of the material in water after fully absorbing water and vacuuming, g; m3 is the mass of the material in air after fully absorbing water, g.

[0101] Aperture test method: Cut off the surface of the sound barrier material to make it flat, use a vernier caliper to measure the values ​​of the complete holes in the cross section one by one, classify them as 1mm±0.1mm for small holes and 2mm±0.1mm for medium holes, calculate the aperture ratio, and record it.

[0102] Table 1 Performance test parameters

[0103] Serial number Sound absorption coefficient Bending strength (MPa) Porosity (%) Example 1 0.57 2.7 82 Example 2 0.60 2.8 84 Example 3 0.53 2.9 80 Example 4 0.61 2.1 85 Comparative Example 1 0.29 3.4 44 Comparative Example 2 0.30 3.7 38 Comparative Example 3 0.33 3.1 50

[0104] Comparing Example 1 with Example 4 reveals that increasing the thickness of the porous ceramic plate increases the sound absorption coefficient. Comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 3 reveals that the sound absorption coefficient of the ceramic plate using the modified foaming agent reaches 0.57, while that of Comparative Example 3 is only 0.33. A comprehensive analysis of the Examples and Comparative Examples shows that the sound absorption coefficient of porous ceramic plates prepared with the modified fly ash, modified gelling agent, and modified foaming agent prepared according to the present invention also increases.

[0105] In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention in any form. Any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made by technicians familiar with this profession without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention using the disclosed technical content shall be regarded as equivalent embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A porous ceramic material for reducing noise, characterized in that: The raw materials comprise the following components by weight: 40-50 parts of construction solid waste, 15-20 parts of fly ash, 5-10 parts of modified fly ash, 10-20 parts of modified gelling agent, 10-20 parts of modified foaming agent, 5-10 parts of calcium hydroxide, 1-5 parts of silicone resin polyether emulsion, and 1-5 parts of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester; The modified fly ash is a dense core-shell composite particle wrapped with calcium lactate; The modified gelling agent is compounded by silt, sodium alginate and gypsum in a mass ratio of 5:2:2; The modified foaming agent is prepared by compounding sodium lauryl sulfate, 0.15% carbon powder and waste glass in a mass ratio of 4:3:

3.

2. The porous ceramic material for reducing noise according to claim 1, wherein: The modified fly ash preparation steps are: Step (1): weighing calcium lactate and fly ash in a mass ratio of 0.7 to 0.9:1, adding the fly ash to a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.005 mol / L, stirring for 10 to 15 minutes, and then filtering to obtain a filter residue, placing the filter residue in a blast drying oven, and drying it at 120°C for 30 to 45 minutes, taking it out and grinding it to obtain 10-100 μm fly ash for standby use; Step (2): Calcium lactate is added to deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:15, and ultrasonically dispersed at 45kHz, 250W, and 180°C for 30 to 40 minutes. Dried fly ash is then added, stirred for 2 to 3 hours, and placed in a vacuum drying oven at 80°C for 3 to 4 hours to obtain dense core-shell composite particles wrapped with calcium lactate.

3. The porous ceramic material for reducing noise according to claim 1, wherein: The modified gelling agent is prepared by weighing silt, sodium alginate and gypsum with a water content of 65-75% in a mass ratio of 5:2:2, adding gypsum and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:0.4-0.5 into a ball mill, ball milling at a speed of 400 r / min for 0.5 hour to fully grind into silt, adding silt and sodium alginate under stirring, continuing stirring for 15-20 minutes, fully mixing, and finally heating the mixture to 60°C to obtain the modified gelling agent for use.

4. The porous ceramic material for reducing noise according to claim 1, wherein: The modified foaming agent preparation steps are: Weigh sodium lauryl sulfate and 0.15% carbon powder in a mass ratio of 4:3, then dissolve sodium lauryl sulfate in deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:10, add the weighed carbon powder to the dissolved sodium lauryl carbonate solution, stir evenly to ensure that the carbon powder is completely dispersed in the solution, then crush the waste glass into particles with an average particle size of 50-105μm, add them to the mixed solution, stir evenly and set aside.

5. The porous ceramic material for reducing noise according to claim 1, wherein: The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1 mixing: 40-50 parts of construction solid waste and 15-20 parts of fly ash are mixed, followed by the addition of 5-10 parts of calcium hydroxide, 1-5 parts of silicone resin polyether emulsion, and 1-5 parts of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, deionized water is added, and the mixture is ball-milled for 2-3 hours. Subsequently, 10-20 parts of modified gelling agent are added and further ball-milled to obtain a slurry; S2 Foaming: Add 10-20 parts of modified foaming agent to the ball-milled slurry, heat to 80°C, and stir at a speed of 1000 r / min until the slurry reaches the predetermined foaming volume; S3 homogenization: add 5-10 parts of modified fly ash to the foaming slurry obtained in S2 and homogenize for 10-15 minutes; S4 Injection and demoulding: Inject the homogenized slurry into the mold, dry it at room temperature in a ventilated place for 18 to 24 hours, and demould; S5 Drying: Dry the demoulded green body with air for 10 to 12 hours; S6 Firing: Place the dried green body into a muffle furnace, calcine in sections, cool to room temperature, take out, cut, package and store.

6. The method for preparing a porous ceramic material for reducing noise according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first stage of S1 ball milling is carried out at a rotation speed of 500-650 r / min for 2-3 hours; the second stage of S1 ball milling is carried out at a rotation speed of 1000 r / min for 1-2 hours.

7. The method for preparing a porous ceramic material for reducing noise according to claim 5, characterized in that: The staged calcination is as follows: In the first stage, the temperature is raised from room temperature to 350-450°C at a rate of 5°C / min and calcined for 1-2 hours; In the second stage, the temperature is raised from 350°C to 450°C to 750°C to 800°C at a rate of 10°C / min and calcined for 3 to 4 hours; In the third stage, the temperature is raised from 750°C to 800°C to 1050°C to 1100°C at a rate of 5°C / min and calcined for 1 to 2 hours.

8. The method for preparing a porous ceramic material for reducing noise according to claim 5, wherein: The specifications of the foamed ceramic after cutting are selected from one or more of 60cm×60cm×5cm; 60cm×100cm×5cm; and 50cm×100cm×10cm.

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