Preparation method of interface-enhanced aramid fiber reinforced resin-based composite material

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of material manufacturing, in particular to a preparation method of an interface-enhanced aramid fiber reinforced resin-based composite material. The method comprises the following steps: preparing an aramid nanofiber colloid, dispersing aramid nanofibers, preparing a modified high-performance resin matrix, and preparing and curing the aramid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite prepreg. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding a modified component into an aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture, uniformly mixing the modified component with the aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture to obtain an aramid nanofiber modified high-performance resin matrix, and further preparing a prepreg and curing; high-dispersity aramid nanofibers are pre-mixed and dispersed in a resin matrix in a nanoscale aggregation state, and aramid molecules distributed in the resin matrix in a nanoscale mode are embedded in the resin matrix in a long linear fiber mode in the subsequent curing process and form high physical binding force with the resin matrix.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of material manufacturing, and in particular to a method for preparing an interface-reinforced aramid fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material. Background Art

[0002] Para-aramid fiber has excellent properties such as high strength, high temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance, light weight, insulation, aging resistance, long life cycle, stable chemical structure, no droplets during combustion, and no toxic gas production. Para-aramid fiber-reinforced resin-based composites can be used to make secondary load-bearing structural materials for large aircraft, such as cabin doors and wings. They are also widely used in rocket solid engine casings and laminated hybrid reinforced aluminum materials for aircraft, as well as lightweight aircraft parts. Most of them are mixed with carbon fibers to make advanced composite materials. In the fields of electronics and electrical appliances, para-aramid fiber-reinforced resin-based composites have excellent dimensional stability, wave transmission, electrical insulation, low dielectric properties, and light weight and thinness. They have been widely used in special printed circuit boards, airborne or satellite-borne radar antenna covers, radar antenna feed functional structural components, and moving electrical components.

[0003] The para-aramid molecules of para-aramid fiber do not contain reactive active groups, and their interfacial bonding ability with the resin matrix in the composite material is weak, resulting in low certain key mechanical properties of the composite material, such as interlaminar shear strength and in-plane shear performance, which limits the application of composite materials in load-bearing structural parts and larger functional parts.

[0004] In order to solve this key problem, two aspects of modification work have been carried out: one is to study the modification of the aramid fiber itself, such as surface grafting of active groups and surface plasma treatment. This method will have a certain adverse effect on the performance of the aramid fiber, and requires corresponding equipment modification in the molecular polymerization and fiber spinning stages, which is costly and technically difficult. In terms of fiber modification, the aramid molecule can be modified by introducing a third monomer, and the interface performance of the aramid fiber can be improved by introducing a chemical structure with active groups; the surface chemical structure of the aramid fiber can also be modified by plasma modification or radiation modification to enhance the interface performance; the fiber modification is difficult to implement and requires optimization and improvement of the polymerization system or fiber production equipment, and is not applicable to the existing high-performance para-aramid fiber system and has certain limitations; the second is to study the modification of the matching high-performance resin matrix, and carry out targeted resin molecular structure design and additive modification based on the characteristics of the para-aramid molecule itself; due to the characteristics of the aramid fiber surface with strong inertness and few reactive chemical groups, there are few means available for resin matrix modification, and the effect is limited.

[0005] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the inventors provide a method for preparing an interface-reinforced aramid fiber reinforced resin-based composite material. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (1) Technical problems to be solved An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing an interface-enhanced aramid fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material, which solves the technical problems in the prior art of low interface bonding strength between aramid fiber and resin matrix, low interface performance of the prepared composite material, and easy occurrence of defects and damage such as delamination and cracking during use.

[0007] (2) Technical solution The present invention provides a method for preparing an interface-reinforced aramid fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material, comprising the following steps: preparing aramid nanofiber colloid: dispersing aramid nanofiber in an organic solvent to form aramid nanofiber colloid; Aramid nanofiber dispersion: Aramid nanofiber colloid is heated, dissolved, and blended with a liquid high-performance resin matrix to obtain a colloid-resin mixture, and then the organic solvent in the colloid-resin mixture is removed to obtain an aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture; Preparation of modified high-performance resin matrix: adding a modified component to the aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture, uniformly mixing the modified component with the aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture to obtain an aramid nanofiber modified high-performance resin matrix; Preparation of aramid fiber reinforced resin-based composite material prepreg: Aramid nanofiber modified high-performance resin matrix is ​​evenly coated on a film-forming device to form an aramid nanofiber modified high-performance resin film, and the aramid nanofiber modified high-performance resin film is composited with aramid fibers and their fabrics on a composite device to form an aramid fiber reinforced resin-based composite material prepreg; The aramid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material prepreg is cured to obtain an interface-reinforced aramid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material.

[0008] When preparing the aramid nanofiber colloid, the aramid nanofiber is dispersed in an organic solvent in the form of polymerization-dispersion to form a stable aramid nanofiber colloid.

[0009] Among them, when the aramid nanofiber colloid is heated, dissolved and blended with the liquid high-performance resin matrix, after the colloid is completely and evenly dispersed in the liquid resin, the organic solvent in the colloid-resin mixture is removed by vacuum-assisted heating to obtain an aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture in which the aramid nanofibers are evenly dispersed.

[0010] The modified components include epoxy resin, bismaleimide resin and thermoplastic toughening agent, which are uniformly mixed with the aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture by hot melt mutual dissolution and / or mixing and grinding to obtain a high-performance resin matrix modified with aramid nanofiber.

[0011] The modified component further includes additives and curing agents, and the modified component is uniformly mixed with the aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture by hot melt mutual dissolution and / or mixing and grinding.

[0012] When curing the aramid fiber reinforced resin-based composite material prepreg, an autoclave molding or vacuum molding method is adopted to obtain an interface-reinforced aramid fiber reinforced resin-based composite material.

[0013] Wherein, the aramid nanofiber is a para-aramid nanofiber with a fiber diameter within 100 nm; and the intrinsic viscosity of the aramid nanofiber is 1.0-7.0 dL / g.

[0014] Wherein, the mass fraction of the aramid nanofiber colloid is 0.2%-20.0%.

[0015] Wherein, the mass fraction of the aramid nanofiber in the aramid nanofiber-modified high-performance resin matrix is ​​0.1%-5.0%.

[0016] Among them, the dispersion medium used for the aramid nanofiber colloid includes acetone, ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, dichloroethane, trichloroethane, and N-methylpyrrolidone; the thermoplastic toughening agent is one or more of polyether ketone, polyaryletherketone, polyetheretherketone, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene ether, polyetherimide, and polyimide; the bismaleimide resin includes a bismaleimide resin containing bismaleimide monomer and homologues or diallyl bisphenol A monomer and homologues; the epoxy resin includes an epoxy resin containing bisphenol A epoxy resin, bisphenol S epoxy resin, bisphenol F epoxy resin, novolac epoxy resin, amine, imidazole or acid anhydride curing agent.

[0017] (3) Beneficial effects In the technical solution of the present invention, aramid nanofibers are first dispersed in an organic solvent to form an aramid nanofiber colloid, the aramid nanofiber colloid is heated and dissolved and blended with a liquid high-performance resin matrix, and the organic solvent in the mixture is removed to obtain an aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture, wherein the highly dispersed aramid nanofibers are pre-mixed and dispersed in the resin matrix in the form of nanoscale aggregates, and the aramid molecules distributed in the resin matrix in the form of nanoscale are embedded in the resin matrix in the form of long linear fibers during the subsequent curing process, forming a strong physical bonding force with the resin matrix; secondly, a modifying component is added to the aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture, and the modified component is uniformly mixed with the aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture to obtain an aramid nanofiber-modified high-performance resin matrix, and then a film is prepared, and the aramid nanofiber-modified high-performance resin film is composited with aramid fibers and their fabrics on a composite device to form an aramid fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material prepreg, and finally the prepreg is cured to obtain an interface-reinforced aramid fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material.

[0018] In the technical solution of the present invention, on the one hand, the para-aramid molecules distributed at the nanoscale in the resin matrix are embedded in the resin matrix in the form of long linear fibers during the curing process, forming a strong physical bonding force with the resin matrix; on the other hand, due to the presence of a large number of amide bonds between the para-aramid molecules, strong intermolecular forces - hydrogen bonds can be formed, thereby greatly enhancing the interaction force between the aramid molecules. The nanoscale aramid fibers added to the resin matrix in this patent can form a large number of hydrogen bonds with the surface of the aramid fibers serving as reinforcements, forming strong bonding energy, further greatly enhancing the interface bonding strength between the resin matrix and the reinforcing fibers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail with reference to the following examples. The detailed description of the following examples is used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. That is, the present invention is not limited to the described examples.

[0020] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0021] The method for preparing the interface-reinforced aramid fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material provided by the present invention is characterized by comprising the following steps: preparing aramid nanofiber colloid: dispersing aramid nanofiber in an organic solvent to form aramid nanofiber colloid; Aramid nanofiber dispersion: Aramid nanofiber colloid is heated, dissolved, and blended with a liquid high-performance resin matrix to obtain a colloid-resin mixture, and then the organic solvent in the colloid-resin mixture is removed to obtain an aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture; Modified high-performance resin matrix preparation: adding a modified component to the aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture, uniformly mixing the modified component with the aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture, and obtaining an aramid nanofiber modified high-performance resin matrix; Preparation of aramid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite prepreg: uniformly coating the aramid nanofiber modified high-performance resin matrix on a film equipment to form an aramid nanofiber modified high-performance resin film, and combining the aramid nanofiber modified high-performance resin film with aramid fibers and fabrics on a composite equipment to form an aramid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite prepreg; that is, matching high-performance para-aramid fibers by a hot melt two-step method.

[0022] Curing the aramid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite prepreg to obtain an interface-reinforced aramid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite.

[0023] In the above embodiments, in order to obtain an aramid nanofiber modified high-performance resin matrix, first, aramid nanofibers are dispersed in an organic solvent to form an aramid nanofiber colloid, and the aramid nanofiber colloid is heated and dissolved and blended with a liquid high-performance resin matrix. The organic solvent in the mixture is removed to obtain an aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture. In the mixture, the high-dispersibility aramid nanofibers are pre-mixed and dispersed in the resin matrix in the form of a nano-scale aggregate state. The aramid molecules distributed in the nano-scale in the resin matrix are embedded in the resin matrix in the form of long linear fibers in the subsequent curing process, and form a strong physical binding force with the resin matrix. Secondly, by adding a modified component to the aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture, the modified component is uniformly mixed with the aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture to obtain an aramid nanofiber modified high-performance resin matrix, and then a film is prepared. The aramid nanofiber modified high-performance resin film is combined with aramid fibers and fabrics on a composite equipment to form an aramid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite prepreg. Finally, the prepreg is cured to obtain an interface-reinforced aramid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite.

[0024] In the technical embodiments of the present application, on the one hand, the para-aramid molecules distributed in the nano-scale in the resin matrix are embedded in the resin matrix in the form of long linear fibers in the curing process, and form a strong physical binding force with the resin matrix. On the other hand, due to the existence of a large number of amide bonds between the para-aramid molecules, a strong intermolecular force-hydrogen bond can be formed, thereby greatly strengthening the interaction force between the aramid molecules. In the present patent, the nano-scale aramid fibers added in the resin matrix can form a large number of hydrogen bonds with the surface of the aramid fibers as the reinforcing body, form a strong binding energy, and further greatly strengthen the interface bonding strength between the resin matrix and the reinforcing fibers.

[0025] Specifically, when preparing the aramid nanofiber colloid, the aramid nanofibers are dispersed in an organic solvent using a polymerization-dispersion method to form a stable aramid nanofiber colloid. Dispersing the aramid nanofibers in the organic solvent to form a colloid facilitates the subsequent dissolution of the para-aramid colloid in the liquid resin component. This polymerization-dispersion method achieves better dispersion and mixing of the aramid nanofibers. The nanometer-scale para-aramid molecules distributed in the resin matrix can form hydrogen bonds with the surface molecules of the aramid fibers during the composite material curing and molding process, thereby acting as an interface enhancer to strengthen the fiber-resin interface.

[0026] Specifically, when the aramid nanofiber colloid is heated, dissolved, and blended with a liquid high-performance resin matrix, after the colloid is completely and evenly dispersed in the liquid resin, the organic solvent in the colloid-resin mixture is removed using vacuum-assisted heating to obtain an aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture in which the aramid nanofibers are evenly dispersed. Highly dispersible aramid nanofibers are pre-mixed and dispersed in the resin matrix in the form of nanoscale aggregates, dispersed in an organic solvent to form a colloid, and then the aramid colloid is dissolved in the liquid resin component. Through resin compounding and blending, a high-performance resin matrix modified with aramid nanofibers is obtained.

[0027] In an embodiment of the present invention, other components such as epoxy resin or bismaleimide resin, thermoplastic toughening, additives, curing agent, etc. are added, and according to the material properties or other process control requirements, the above-mentioned component resins are uniformly mixed by hot melting, mutual dissolution, mixing, grinding, etc. to obtain a high-performance resin matrix modified with aramid nanofibers.

[0028] Specifically, the modified component includes an epoxy resin, a bismaleimide resin, and a thermoplastic toughening agent, which are uniformly mixed with an aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture by hot melt mutual dissolution and / or mixing and grinding to obtain a high-performance resin matrix modified with aramid nanofibers. The modified component also includes an additive and a curing agent, which are uniformly mixed with the aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture by hot melt mutual dissolution and / or mixing and grinding.

[0029] Specifically, since each modified component consists of two types: soluble components and insoluble solid particles, the two types can be used selectively or together. When adding the modified components, the soluble components are added to the liquid resin mixture in which the aramid nanofibers are evenly dispersed, obtained in the previous step, and mixed uniformly by heating and stirring (melt-melt miscibility). The insoluble solid particles are then added to this mixture, pre-mixed using a planetary disperser, and then uniformly mixed using the strong shearing of a three-roll mill, resulting in a high-performance resin matrix modified with aramid nanofibers.

[0030] Specifically, when curing the aramid fiber-reinforced resin-based composite prepreg, autoclave molding or vacuum forming is used to obtain an interface-reinforced aramid fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material. During this curing process, the nanometer-scale para-aramid molecules in the resin matrix are embedded in the resin matrix as long linear fibers, forming a strong physical bond with the resin matrix.

[0031] Specifically, the aramid nanofibers are para-aramid nanofibers with a fiber diameter of less than 100 nm. The para-aramid nanofibers are dispersed in an organic solvent to form a colloid, which is then dissolved in a liquid resin component. A high-performance resin matrix modified with the para-aramid nanofibers is obtained through resin compounding and blending.

[0032] Preferably, the intrinsic viscosity of the aramid nanofiber is 1.0-7.0 dL / g. In a specific embodiment, the intrinsic viscosity of the aramid nanofiber can be 1.0 dL / g, 7.0 dL / g, or a value therebetween.

[0033] Preferably, the mass fraction of the aramid nanofiber colloid is 0.2%-20.0%. In a specific embodiment, the mass fraction of the aramid nanofiber colloid can be 0.2%, 20.0%, or a value in between.

[0034] Specifically, the dispersion medium used for the aramid nanofiber colloid includes but is not limited to acetone, ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, dichloroethane, trichloroethane, and N-methylpyrrolidone.

[0035] Specifically, the mass fraction of the aramid nanofibers in the aramid nanofiber-modified high-performance resin matrix is ​​0.1%-5.0%. In a specific embodiment, the mass fraction of the aramid nanofibers in the aramid nanofiber-modified high-performance resin matrix can be 0.1%, 5.0%, or a value therebetween.

[0036] Specifically, the dispersion medium used for the aramid nanofiber colloid includes acetone, ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, dichloroethane, trichloroethane, and N-methylpyrrolidone; the thermoplastic toughening agent is one or more of polyether ketone, polyaryletherketone, polyetheretherketone, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene ether, polyetherimide, and polyimide; the bismaleimide resin includes a bismaleimide resin containing bismaleimide monomer and homologues or diallyl bisphenol A monomer and homologues; the epoxy resin includes an epoxy resin containing bisphenol A epoxy resin, bisphenol S epoxy resin, bisphenol F epoxy resin, novolac epoxy resin, amine, imidazole or acid anhydride curing agent.

[0037] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0038] Example 1: Para-aramid nanofiber modified bismuth resin composite material Aramid nanofiber dispersion: Aramid nanofibers with an intrinsic viscosity of 4.2 dL / g are dispersed in ethylene dichloride using a polymerization-dispersion method to form a stable colloid. The aramid nanofiber colloid is dissolved and blended with diallyl bisphenol A, a liquid comonomer of bismaleimide resin. After the colloid is completely and evenly dispersed in the diallyl bisphenol A, the dispersant ethylene dichloride is removed using vacuum-assisted heating to obtain a diallyl bisphenol A mixture in which the aramid nanofibers are evenly dispersed. Preparation of high-performance resin matrix: Add the calculated BMI resin monomer to the obtained mixed liquid resin, and use a planetary disperser to achieve shear dispersion mixing. After mixing evenly, the same thermoplastic polyimide resin particles are passed through a three-roll grinder for strong shear dispersion mixing to obtain the prepared modified high-performance BMI resin system.

[0039] Preparation of aramid fiber reinforced resin-based composite materials: The modified high-performance bismaleimide resin is evenly coated on the film equipment to form a high-performance resin film modified with aramid nanofibers, and the above-mentioned high-performance resin film modified with aramid nanofibers is compounded with para-aramid fibers on the composite equipment to form a prepreg; according to the chemical reaction characteristics of the high-performance resin matrix, the interface-reinforced aramid fiber reinforced resin-based composite material is obtained by curing it in an autoclave molding method to obtain.

[0040] Comparative analysis shows that the interlaminar shear strength of the para-aramid fiber reinforced bismuth resin-based composite material prepared by hot melt method is increased from 38MPa to 54MPa.

[0041] The mass fraction of the aramid nanofiber colloid in this embodiment is 8.5%; the mass fraction of the aramid nanofiber in the modified high-performance bismaleimide resin matrix is ​​2.0%.

[0042] Example 2: Para-aramid nanofiber modified epoxy resin composite material Aramid nanofiber dispersion: Aramid nanofibers with an intrinsic viscosity of 3.9 dL / g were dispersed in acetone using a polymerization-dispersion method to form a stable colloid. The aramid nanofiber colloid was dissolved and blended with bisphenol A epoxy resin E-51. After the colloid was completely and evenly dispersed in the epoxy resin, the dispersant acetone was removed using vacuum-assisted heating to obtain a mixture of aramid nanofibers and bisphenol A epoxy resin E-51 uniformly dispersed. Preparation of high-performance resin matrix: Add the calculated diaminodiphenyl sulfone curing agent and thermoplastic polyethersulfone resin particle monomer to the obtained mixed liquid resin, first pre-mix through a planetary disperser and then use a three-roll mill to strongly shear, disperse and mix evenly to obtain the prepared modified high-performance epoxy resin system.

[0043] Preparation of aramid fiber reinforced resin-based composite materials: The modified high-performance epoxy resin is evenly coated on the film equipment to form a high-performance resin film modified with aramid nanofibers, and the high-performance resin film modified with aramid nanofibers is compounded with para-aramid fibers on the composite equipment to form a prepreg; according to the chemical reaction characteristics of the high-performance resin matrix, the interface-reinforced aramid fiber reinforced resin-based composite material is obtained by curing it in an autoclave molding method.

[0044] Comparative analysis shows that the interlaminar shear strength of the para-aramid fiber reinforced epoxy resin-based composite material prepared by the hot melt method is increased from 41MPa to 56MPa.

[0045] The mass fraction of the aramid nanofiber colloid in this embodiment is 12%; the mass fraction of the aramid nanofiber in the modified high-performance epoxy resin matrix is ​​3.5%.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present invention, the interface strength of the para-aramid fiber reinforced resin-based composite material prepared by the hot-melt two-step method is significantly improved compared with the unmodified resin matrix, thereby expanding the application prospects of the composite material.

[0047] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. References to the common or similar parts between the various embodiments are sufficient. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. For method embodiments, relevant details can be found in the description of the device embodiments (adapted based on the context of the writing). The present invention is not limited to the specific steps and structures described and illustrated above. Furthermore, for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of known methods and techniques are omitted here.

[0048] The foregoing is merely an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations are possible for those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an interface-reinforced aramid fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: preparing aramid nanofiber colloid: dispersing aramid nanofiber in an organic solvent to form aramid nanofiber colloid; Aramid nanofiber dispersion: Aramid nanofiber colloid is heated, dissolved, and blended with a liquid high-performance resin matrix to obtain a colloid-resin mixture, and then the organic solvent in the colloid-resin mixture is removed to obtain an aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture; Preparation of modified high-performance resin matrix: adding a modified component to the aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture, uniformly mixing the modified component with the aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture to obtain an aramid nanofiber modified high-performance resin matrix; Preparation of aramid fiber reinforced resin-based composite material prepreg: Aramid nanofiber modified high-performance resin matrix is ​​evenly coated on a film-forming device to form an aramid nanofiber modified high-performance resin film, and the aramid nanofiber modified high-performance resin film is composited with aramid fibers and their fabrics on a composite device to form an aramid fiber reinforced resin-based composite material prepreg; The aramid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material prepreg is cured to obtain an interface-reinforced aramid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material.

2. The method for preparing an interface-reinforced aramid fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: When preparing the aramid nanofiber colloid, the aramid nanofiber is dispersed in an organic solvent in the form of polymerization-dispersion to form a stable aramid nanofiber colloid.

3. The method for preparing the interface-reinforced aramid fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the aramid nanofiber colloid is heated, dissolved and blended with a liquid high-performance resin matrix, after the colloid is completely and evenly dispersed in the liquid resin, the organic solvent in the colloid-resin mixture is removed by vacuum-assisted heating to obtain an aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture in which the aramid nanofibers are evenly dispersed.

4. The method for preparing an interface-reinforced aramid fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The modified components include epoxy resin, bismaleimide resin and thermoplastic toughening agent, and the modified components are uniformly mixed with the aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture by hot melt mutual dissolution and / or mixing and grinding to obtain a high-performance resin matrix modified with aramid nanofiber.

5. The method for preparing the interface-reinforced aramid fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The modified component also includes additives and curing agents, and the modified component is uniformly mixed with the aramid nanofiber-liquid resin mixture by hot-melt mutual dissolution and / or mixing and grinding.

6. The method for preparing an interface-reinforced aramid fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: When curing the aramid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material prepreg, an autoclave molding or vacuum molding method is adopted to obtain an interface-reinforced aramid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material.

7. The method for preparing an interface-reinforced aramid fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aramid nanofiber is a para-aramid nanofiber with a fiber diameter of less than 100 nm; the intrinsic viscosity of the aramid nanofiber is 1.0-7.0 dL / g.

8. The method for preparing an interface-reinforced aramid fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass fraction of the aramid nanofiber colloid is 0.2%-20.0%.

9. The method for preparing an interface-reinforced aramid fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass fraction of the aramid nanofibers in the aramid nanofiber-modified high-performance resin matrix is ​​0.1%-5.0%.

10. The method for preparing the interface-reinforced aramid fiber reinforced resin-based composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The dispersion medium used for the aramid nanofiber colloid includes acetone, ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, dichloroethane, trichloroethane, and N-methylpyrrolidone; the thermoplastic toughening agent is one or more of polyether ketone, polyaryletherketone, polyetheretherketone, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene ether, polyetherimide, and polyimide; the bismaleimide resin includes a bismaleimide resin containing a bismaleimide monomer and homologues or a diallyl bisphenol A monomer and homologues; the epoxy resin includes an epoxy resin containing a bisphenol A type epoxy resin, a bisphenol S type epoxy resin, a bisphenol F type epoxy resin, a novolac epoxy resin, an amine, an imidazole, or an acid anhydride curing agent.