Mixed material formula combining PVC (polyvinyl chloride) and TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane) and preparation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a formula and a preparation method of a mixed material combining PVC (polyvinyl chloride) and TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane). Comprising the following components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 30-50 parts of thermoplastic polyurethane, 3-5 parts of aromatic master batch, 5-15 parts of filler, 5-15 parts of plasticizer and 0.5-2 parts of stabilizer, the preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly mixing and reacting thermoplastic polyurethane TPU and aromatic master batch in corresponding parts by weight to obtain a first material, then uniformly mixing polyvinyl chloride resin, a filling agent, a plasticizer and a stabilizer to obtain a second material, respectively adding the two materials into two charging ports of a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melt blending extrusion through the double-screw extruder, and cooling and pelletizing to obtain the product. The PVC / TPU mixture provided by the invention not only maintains the workability of PVC, but also has the elasticity of TPU, is easy to process, has good elasticity and flexibility, improves the impact resistance and weather resistance of PVC, and maintains low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a hybrid material formulation, in particular to a hybrid material formulation that combines the processability of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with the elasticity of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). Background Art

[0002] Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a widely used plastic material favored for its low cost and ease of processing. However, PVC suffers from poor toughness, impact resistance, and weathering resistance. Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is known for its excellent elasticity and abrasion resistance, but its processing properties are inferior to PVC.

[0003] The existing technology lacks a hybrid material that has low cost, processing performance, toughness, impact resistance and weather resistance, elasticity and wear resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a PVC / TPU mixture, which combines the easy processability of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and the elasticity of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), solves the technical problem of cost-effectiveness of sports cables without reducing quality, and is generally used in drag chain cables, teach pendant cables, handheld power tool power cords, etc.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] 1. A mixed material formula combining PVC and TPU:

[0007] Includes the following components:

[0008] Polyvinyl chloride resin (PVC): 40-60 parts by weight;

[0009] Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU): 30-50 parts by weight;

[0010] Aromatic masterbatch: 3-5 parts by weight;

[0011] Filler: 5-15 parts by weight;

[0012] Plasticizer: 5-15 parts by weight;

[0013] Stabilizer: 0.5-2 parts by weight.

[0014] In the above-mentioned formulation, the PVC resin provides excellent processing properties, while the TPU + aromatic masterbatch transforms the original linear molecular structure of TPU into a network-like structure, giving the material excellent elasticity, strength, and flexibility. By mixing them in the appropriate proportions, a material that is both easy to process and elastic can be obtained.

[0015] The aromatic masterbatch is used in an amount of 5 parts by weight.

[0016] The filler is selected from calcium carbonate, talc, or a mixture of multiple thereof.

[0017] The plasticizer is selected from one or a mixture of phthalates and epoxy soybean oil.

[0018] The stabilizer is selected from one of an organic tin stabilizer and a calcium / zinc composite stabilizer, or a mixture of multiple thereof.

[0019] Also includes colorants and other additives:

[0020] The colorant is toner, and the added amount is 2 parts by weight;

[0021] The other auxiliary agent is specifically a flow agent, and the added amount is 5 parts by weight.

[0022] 2. A method for preparing a mixed material formula:

[0023] First, corresponding weight parts of thermoplastic polyurethane TPU and aromatic masterbatch are mixed and reacted to form the first material, and then polyvinyl chloride resin, filler, plasticizer and stabilizer are evenly mixed to form the second material. The first material and the second material are respectively added to the two feeding ports of the twin-screw extruder, melt-blended and extruded through the twin-screw extruder, and then cooled and pelletized to obtain the PVC / TPU mixed material.

[0024] During preparation, the colorant and other auxiliary agents are added to the second material.

[0025] The crosslinking reaction of the TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer) of the present invention involves a chemical reaction between a polyisocyanate, a polyol, and possibly a chain extender or a crosslinking agent. The crosslinking reaction of the TPU of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0026] (1) Formation of prepolymer

[0027] Polyisocyanates (such as MDI) react with polyols (such as polyether polyols or polyester polyols) under certain conditions to form prepolymers with isocyanate end groups. The reaction equation for this step can be roughly expressed as:

[0028] OCN-R-NCO+HO-R'-OH→OCN-R-NH-COO-R'-O-NH-COO-R-NCO

[0029] Wherein, R and R' represent different hydrocarbon chain segments.

[0030] (2) Cross-linking reaction

[0031] The prepolymer further reacts with a chain extender (which may be an aromatic compound or other compound containing active hydrogen) to form a cross-linked structure. If the chain extender is an aromatic compound and contains multiple active hydrogen atoms, it can effectively promote the cross-linking of TPU. The reaction equation for this step may vary depending on the specific structure of the chain extender, but can generally be expressed as:

[0032] OCN-R-NH-COO-R'-O-NH-COO-R-NCO+H2N-Ar-NH2→OCN-R-NH-COO-R'-O-NH-COO-R-NH-Ar-NH-COO-R'-O-NH-R-NCO (partially cross-linked)

[0033] Here, Ar represents an aromatic group. It should be noted that the reaction equation here is simplified, and the actual cross-linking reaction may be more complex and involve multiple intermolecular interactions.

[0034] The hybrid material of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) and TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer) shows unique innovation, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0035] Improved physical properties: PVC generally has good chemical stability, corrosion resistance, and insulation, but its flexibility and impact resistance are relatively poor. TPU is known for its excellent elasticity and abrasion resistance. By mixing PVC with TPU, a material can be created that not only maintains the stability and insulation properties of PVC, but also significantly improves the material's flexibility and impact resistance through the addition of TPU.

[0036] Enhanced environmental adaptability: The introduction of TPU allows PVC hybrid materials to maintain stable performance over a wider temperature range, improving the material's resistance to both low and high temperatures. This improvement makes the hybrid material more suitable for use in extreme climate conditions.

[0037] Optimization of processing properties: The blend of PVC and TPU can improve processing properties, such as increasing fluidity and reducing melt viscosity, making the material easier to process and mold. In addition, the blended material may have better heat sealing properties, providing greater flexibility in product design.

[0038] Economic Benefit: Since TPU is generally more expensive than PVC, optimizing the ratio of PVC to TPU can significantly improve material performance without significantly increasing costs. This cost-effective balance is an important innovation for industrial applications.

[0039] Improved environmental performance: PVC materials may have certain impacts on the environment during production and disposal. The addition of TPU can improve the environmental performance of PVC, for example by increasing the material's recyclability or reducing the use of hazardous substances.

[0040] The mixture of the present invention has toughness, impact resistance and weather resistance, as well as excellent elasticity and wear resistance. Its toughness performance parameter is improved by 47.6% compared with polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and its wear resistance performance parameter is improved by 87.2% compared with polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Its low cost is reduced by 148% compared with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), and its processing performance is reduced by 37.6% compared with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), thereby achieving the effect of mutual synergy and mutual promotion between the two main raw materials.

[0041] The PVC / TPU mixture of the present invention not only maintains the processability of PVC but also possesses the elasticity of TPU. It has the following advantages:

[0042] 1) Easy to process, can be produced using traditional PVC processing equipment and technology;

[0043] 2) It has good elasticity and flexibility, improving the impact resistance and weather resistance of PVC;

[0044] 3) The ratio of PVC and TPU can be adjusted as needed to obtain materials with different properties;

[0045] 4) Maintain low cost effectiveness and reduce overall material costs. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The present invention will be further described below by way of specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0047] The embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0048] Example 1:

[0049] PVC resin: 50 parts by weight;

[0050] TPU: 40 parts by weight;

[0051] Aromatic masterbatch: 4 parts by weight

[0052] Calcium carbonate (filler): 10 parts by weight;

[0053] Phthalate plasticizer: 10 parts by weight;

[0054] Organotin stabilizer: 1 part by weight;

[0055] 40 parts by weight of TPU and aromatic masterbatch are first mixed and reacted, and then the other components are mixed evenly. The mixture is then melt-blended and extruded through a twin-screw extruder. The mixture is then cooled and pelletized to produce a PVC / TPU compound. This compound exhibits excellent processing properties and elasticity, making it suitable for applications in the automotive, medical, and electronics industries.

[0056] Example 2:

[0057] PVC resin: 45 parts by weight;

[0058] TPU: 45 parts by weight;

[0059] Aromatic masterbatch: 4.5 parts by weight;

[0060] Talc (filler): 10 parts by weight;

[0061] Epoxidized soybean oil plasticizer: 10 parts by weight;

[0062] Calcium / zinc composite stabilizer: 1.5 parts by weight;

[0063] Colorant: 2 parts by weight;

[0064] Other additives: 5 parts by weight.

[0065] The mixture is prepared according to the method of Example 1. The mixture has better weather resistance and impact resistance and is suitable for outdoor and high-demand applications.

[0066] Comparative Example 1:

[0067] Only pure PVC resin.

[0068] Comparative Example 2:

[0069] Only pure TPU.

[0070] Comparative Example 3:

[0071] PVC resin: 60 parts by weight;

[0072] TPU: 30 parts by weight;

[0073] Aromatic masterbatch: 3 parts by weight

[0074] Calcium carbonate (filler): 14 parts by weight;

[0075] Phthalate plasticizer: 12 parts by weight;

[0076] Organotin stabilizer: 1.5 parts by weight.

[0077] Comparative Example 4:

[0078] TPU: 50 parts by weight;

[0079] PVC resin: 30 parts by weight;

[0080] Aromatic masterbatch: 5 parts by weight

[0081] Calcium carbonate (filler): 8 parts by weight;

[0082] Phthalate plasticizer: 7 parts by weight;

[0083] Organotin stabilizer: 0.5 parts by weight.

[0084] The present invention compared the above embodiment 1 with reference documents 1-4 in various aspects of experimental tests, and the results are as follows:

[0085] Comparison of test data

[0086]

[0087] Performance parameters Comparative Example 3: PVC Comparative Example 4: TPU Tensile strength (MPa) 19.6 35.8 Elongation at break (%) 264 486 Hardness (Shore A) 79 77 Wear resistance (abrasion volume mm 3 )]]> 0.13 0.09 Temperature resistance (℃) 80 80 Flame retardancy (UL-94) V-0 V-0 Light transmittance (%) 10 18 <![CDATA[密度(g / cm 3 )]]> 1.28 1.21 Environmental stress cracking (hours) 1000 >2000

[0088] Further laboratory data from the aforementioned study shows that, in weathering tests, after 500 hours of UV aging, pure PVC exhibited noticeable surface cracking and a decrease in tensile strength of approximately 30%. However, under the same conditions, the PVC / TPU blend exhibited only minor surface changes, with a decrease in tensile strength of less than 5%. This demonstrates that the addition of TPU significantly enhances the material's aging resistance.

[0089] In wear resistance testing, samples were evaluated using a Taber abrader. The wear loss for pure PVC was 25 mg, while the wear loss for the PVC / TPU blend was only 8 mg, demonstrating excellent wear resistance. Furthermore, hardness testing revealed that pure PVC has a Shore hardness of 75A, while the blend can be adjusted to 80A, depending on the TPU ratio. This property allows the material to be flexibly adjusted to suit different application scenarios.

[0090] Heat distortion temperature (HDT) tests showed that while pure PVC has a HDT of 65°C, the HDT of the PVC / TPU blend rises to over 80°C, fully demonstrating the TPU's enhanced heat resistance. Furthermore, in low-temperature impact tests, the blend maintained excellent impact resistance at -30°C, while pure PVC exhibited brittle fracture. These experimental data further validate the superior performance of the PVC / TPU blend across multiple aspects.

[0091] Comparative Example 2: Compared with Example 1, although the pure TPU material has higher tensile strength (27.6 MPa) and elongation at break (312%), its hardness is as high as 90 Shore A, which is significantly higher than 80 Shore A in Example 1, resulting in a relatively hard material and limited applicability. In addition, the light transmittance of pure TPU is 20%, significantly higher than 10% in Example 1, which is not ideal in application scenarios where transparency needs to be reduced. At the same time, the density of pure TPU is 1.18 g / cm 3 , compared with 1.25g / cm in Example 1 3 Lighter, but wear-resistant (wear volume 0.08mm 3 ) is better than pure PVC but slightly inferior to Example 1 (0.10mm 3 In the environmental stress cracking test, pure TPU performed well (>2000 hours), but did not demonstrate the advantages of balanced performance in Example 1. Therefore, pure TPU cannot meet the application requirements in multiple fields in terms of comprehensive performance.

[0092] Compared with Example 1, the ratio of PVC to TPU in Comparative Example 3 is unbalanced (PVC accounts for a higher proportion), resulting in a tensile strength of the mixed material of only 19.6 MPa, which is much lower than the 32.1 MPa of Example 1. The elongation at break is also low (264% vs 400%), indicating that its elasticity is insufficient. In addition, the hardness of Comparative Example 3 is 79 Shore A, which is close to the 75 Shore A of pure PVC, and fails to effectively improve the flexibility of the material. In terms of wear resistance, the wear volume of Comparative Example 3 is 0.13 mm 3 , which is inferior to 0.10 mm of Example 1 3 In the environmental stress cracking test, Comparative Example 3 only lasted 1000 hours, while Example 1 lasted over 2000 hours, showing a significant difference in durability. These data indicate that due to the unreasonable ratio, the overall performance of Comparative Example 3 is far inferior to that of Example 1.

[0093] Compared with Example 1, Comparative Example 4 has a higher TPU content, a tensile strength of 35.8 MPa, and an elongation at break of 486%, but its hardness is relatively low (77 Shore A), which may affect the rigidity requirements of the material. In addition, the light transmittance of Comparative Example 4 is 18%, which is between that of pure TPU and Example 1, and the transparency characteristics are not fully optimized. In terms of wear resistance, the wear volume of Comparative Example 4 is 0.09 mm 3 , slightly better than Example 1, but with shortcomings in other key properties. For example, while Comparative Example 4 performed well in the environmental stress cracking test (>2000 hours), its overall performance did not reach the balanced level of Example 1. Therefore, while Comparative Example 4 excels in some individual properties, its overall performance is still not as comprehensive as Example 1.

[0094] In addition, in the experiment of the present invention, by analyzing the dynamic mechanical properties of the hybrid material, it was found that its storage modulus showed higher stability in a wide temperature range, which shows that the material can maintain excellent mechanical properties under different temperature conditions. Further chemical resistance tests show that the PVC / TPU hybrid material shows a stronger tolerance in a variety of organic solvents and acid-base environments, and there is no obvious corrosion or performance degradation on the surface. At the same time, the electrical insulation performance of the material has also been optimized, and the dielectric loss under high-frequency conditions is significantly reduced, making it have a wider application potential in the field of electronics and electrical engineering. The improvement of these comprehensive properties not only broadens the scope of use of the material, but also provides an important reference basis for the development of new functional composite materials.

[0095] The above specific embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention rather than to limit the present invention. Any modifications and changes made to the present invention within the spirit of the present invention and the protection scope of the claims shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0096] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structure, characteristics and principles described in the scope of the patent application of the present invention are included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mixed material formula combining PVC and TPU, characterized by: Includes the following components: Polyvinyl chloride resin: 40-60 parts by weight; Thermoplastic polyurethane: 30-50 parts by weight; Aromatic masterbatch: 3-5 parts by weight; Filler: 5-15 parts by weight; Plasticizer: 5-15 parts by weight; Stabilizer: 0.5-2 parts by weight.

2. The mixed material formula combining PVC and TPU according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aromatic masterbatch is used in an amount of 5 parts by weight.

3. The mixed material formula combining PVC and TPU according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler is selected from calcium carbonate, talc, or a mixture of multiple thereof.

4. The mixed material formula combining PVC and TPU according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plasticizer is selected from one or a mixture of phthalates and epoxy soybean oil.

5. The mixed material formula combining PVC and TPU according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stabilizer is selected from one of an organic tin stabilizer and a calcium / zinc composite stabilizer, or a mixture of multiple thereof.

6. The mixed material formula combining PVC and TPU according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes colorants and other additives: The colorant is toner, and the added amount is 2 parts by weight; The other auxiliary agent is specifically a flow agent, and the added amount is 5 parts by weight.

7. A method for preparing the mixed material formulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: First, corresponding weight parts of thermoplastic polyurethane TPU and aromatic masterbatch are mixed and reacted to form the first material, and then polyvinyl chloride resin, filler, plasticizer and stabilizer are evenly mixed to form the second material. The first material and the second material are respectively added to the two feeding ports of the twin-screw extruder, melt-blended and extruded through the twin-screw extruder, and then cooled and pelletized to obtain the PVC / TPU mixed material.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein: During preparation, the colorant and other auxiliary agents are added to the second material.

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