Supersaturated soluble gas release device

Abstract

The invention discloses a supersaturated dissolved gas release device, and belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower. The device comprises a plunge pool and a plurality of energy dissipation gas release mechanisms, the energy dissipation gas release mechanisms are all located on the downstream of the plunge pool, and the upstream ends of the energy dissipation gas release mechanisms communicate with the interior of the plunge pool; the energy dissipation gas release mechanism comprises a pipeline type energy dissipation gas release assembly and a flow guide weir type energy dissipation gas release assembly, the upstream end of the pipeline type energy dissipation gas release assembly is communicated with the lower portion of the downstream side wall of the plunge pool, and the flow guide weir type energy dissipation gas release assembly is communicated with the downstream end of the pipeline type energy dissipation gas release assembly. Due to the fact that the plunge pool, the pipeline type energy dissipation gas release assembly and the flow guide weir type energy dissipation gas release assembly are sequentially arranged in the water flow direction of the river channel, the device can treat large dam drainage water flow within unit time, and the treatment efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a supersaturated dissolved gas release device, belonging to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower. Background Art

[0002] While promoting socioeconomic development, hydropower projects have also severely altered the ecological characteristics of natural water systems. During flood discharge from high dams, high-speed water flows dissipate energy through diversion, creating strong turbulence. Under negative pressure, this water entrains large quantities of nitrogen and oxygen from the air, causing dissolved gas concentrations in the downstream water to exceed saturation levels. This supersaturation phenomenon, governed by factors such as velocity gradients, pressure fluctuations, and temperature stratification during river transport, exhibits significant temporal and spatial continuity, posing a persistent ecological threat to downstream waters. Supersaturated gases can enter the respiratory systems of aquatic organisms. When external pressure decreases suddenly, dissolved gases precipitate into the blood and tissue fluids, forming microbubbles. This bubble embolism not only directly impairs gas exchange in fish gills but also causes systemic circulatory disturbances, leading to metabolic disorders and even death. As the core link of the aquatic food chain, the decline of fish populations will trigger a cascade effect: the number of upper predators will drop sharply due to food shortages, the material circulation of bottom decomposers will be blocked due to the reduction of organic matter input, and the photosynthetic efficiency of aquatic plants will decrease due to the destruction of symbiotic relationships, ultimately causing the overall degradation of the ecosystem structure and function.

[0003] In order to promote the rapid release of supersaturated dissolved gas in the water discharged from the dam, Chinese patent document with publication number CN120139161A discloses a corridor-type supersaturated gas rapid release device. Multiple circles of concrete walls are arranged on the top surface of the concrete base plate, and the gap between two adjacent circles of concrete walls forms a corridor area. Multiple water pressure and air pressure destruction components are arranged inside the innermost circle of concrete walls, and several energy dissipators are filled. Multiple flow limiting plates are arranged at intervals inside the corridor area. By adopting the above structure, multiple flow distribution areas such as turbulent flow, backflow and swirl can be formed, which greatly increases the medium contact area of ​​the supersaturated gas and accelerates the precipitation of the supersaturated gas.

[0004] However, the gas rapid release device adopts a corridor-type structure, resulting in extremely limited dam discharge flow that can be processed per unit time and low processing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a supersaturated dissolved gas release device.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A supersaturated dissolved gas release device comprises a water cushion pond and a plurality of energy-dissipating gas release mechanisms, wherein the plurality of energy-dissipating gas release mechanisms are all located downstream of the water cushion pond, and the upstream ends of the energy-dissipating gas release mechanisms are in communication with the interior of the water cushion pond; The energy dissipation gas release mechanism includes a pipeline-type energy dissipation gas release component and a diversion weir-type energy dissipation gas release component. The upstream end of the pipeline-type energy dissipation gas release component is connected to the lower part of the downstream side wall of the water cushion pond, and the diversion weir-type energy dissipation gas release component is connected to the downstream end of the pipeline-type energy dissipation gas release component.

[0007] The water cushion pond is provided with a falling water pool and an energy dissipation pool. The energy dissipation pool is located downstream of the falling water pool, and the upstream side of the energy dissipation pool is connected with the downstream side of the falling water pool. The bottom plate elevation of the energy dissipation pool is lower than the bottom plate elevation of the falling water pool, and the top surface of the energy dissipation pool is coplanar with the top surface of the falling water pool.

[0008] A twisted energy dissipator is placed at the lower part of the falling pool, and the energy dissipation pool is filled with the twisted energy dissipator.

[0009] The pipeline type energy dissipation gas release component comprises an energy dissipation pipe, in which a plurality of spiral guide vanes are arranged at intervals in the axial direction.

[0010] The energy dissipation pipe is an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene pipe, and a plurality of gas release holes are opened on the top of the energy dissipation pipe.

[0011] The energy dissipation pipe is provided with 4 to 6 spiral guide vanes, the angle between the spiral guide vanes and the axial direction of the energy dissipation pipe is 15° to 30°, and the pitch is 1.5 to 2 times the diameter of the energy dissipation pipe.

[0012] The surface of the spiral guide vane is provided with a duplex stainless steel coating or a tungsten carbide coating.

[0013] The guide weir type energy dissipation gas release component includes a dovetail guide weir and a bladed guide roller. The small end of the dovetail guide weir is connected to the downstream end of the pipeline type energy dissipation gas release component, and the bladed guide roller is arranged in the dovetail guide weir near the pipeline type energy dissipation gas release component.

[0014] The bladed guide roller includes a roller body, both ends of which are mounted on the two side walls of a dovetail-shaped guide weir via rotating bearings. A plurality of rows of guide blades are arranged in a circumferential array on the roller body, and two adjacent rows of guide blades are staggered in the axial direction of the roller body. When the guide blades rotate to the top of the roller body, a plurality of rows of guide protrusions and a plurality of rows of guide holes are alternately arranged on the water-facing surface of the guide blades.

[0015] The diversion protrusion is a hemispherical structure, and a plurality of convex points are provided on the spherical surface of the diversion protrusion. A plurality of rectangular plates are provided on the inner wall of the diversion hole in a circumferential array.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The plunge pond is constructed in the area where the dam outflow falls. After entering the plunge pond, the dam outflow dissipates energy through the plunge pond, the pipeline-type energy dissipation gas release assembly, and the diversion weir-type energy dissipation gas release assembly. This creates chaotic turbulence within the pipeline-type energy dissipation gas release assembly and the diversion weir-type energy dissipation gas release assembly, creating conditions for the aggregation of supersaturated gas nuclei in the water body, facilitating the rapid precipitation and release of supersaturated gas. This ensures that the dissolved gas concentration in the dam outflow quickly drops below the ecological safety threshold, effectively avoiding the risk of fish gas bubble disease and mitigating the damage of supersaturated gas to the integrity of the river ecosystem and biodiversity. Because the plunge pond, pipeline-type energy dissipation gas release assembly, and diversion weir-type energy dissipation gas release assembly are arranged sequentially along the direction of the river flow, the device can process a large amount of dam outflow per unit time, achieving high treatment efficiency.

[0017] 2. The dam's discharge flows into the sump, where the water and the twisted energy dissipators below the sump buffer and dissipate the dam's discharge, significantly reducing the impact and damage of high-speed water on the sump and surrounding concrete structures. The sump is filled with twisted energy dissipators, and a porous energy dissipation structure is constructed by the spaces and gaps between the twisted energy dissipators. When water flows through the spaces and gaps between the twisted energy dissipators, it forms a chaotic turbulent flow. This not only dissipates the energy of the dam's discharge, but also increases the contact area between the supersaturated gas and the twisted energy dissipators, creating favorable conditions for the aggregation of supersaturated gas nuclei and facilitating the precipitation and release of the supersaturated gas.

[0018] 3. When water flows through the energy dissipation pipe, it will form swirl and turbulence under the guidance of the spiral guide vanes. The multi-flow coupling effect will break the pressure balance inside the water body, which can effectively improve the precipitation and release efficiency of supersaturated gas.

[0019] 4. When water flows out of the energy dissipation pipe, it impacts the guide vanes, driving the bladed guide rollers to rotate. This rotation changes the flow pattern of the water, facilitating the release of supersaturated gases from the water. Providing guide protrusions and guide holes on the guide vanes, and providing multiple raised points on the spherical surface of the guide protrusions, can further alter the flow pattern and increase the contact area between the guide vanes and the water, thereby accelerating the release rate of supersaturated gases from the water. Multiple rectangular plates are installed on the inner walls of the guide holes. When water flows through the guide holes, the rectangular plates have a cutting effect on the water flow, which helps to disrupt the pressure balance within the water and improve the release and release efficiency of supersaturated gases. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view along AA; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the torsion energy dissipator of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the guide roller with blades of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Left view of; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the guide protrusions and protrusions of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the guide hole and the rectangular plate of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1-water cushion pond, 100-falling pool, 101-energy dissipation pool, 2-torsion energy dissipation body, 3-energy dissipation gas release mechanism, 4-energy dissipation pipe, 5-spiral guide vane, 6-gas release hole, 7-rotating bearing, 8-convex point, 9-bladed guide roller, 90-roller body, 91-guide vane, 10-swallowtail guide weir, 11-rectangular plate, 12-guide protrusion, 13-guide hole, 14-pipe-type energy dissipation gas release component, 15-guide weir-type energy dissipation gas release component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of protection claimed is not limited to the description.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the supersaturated dissolved gas release device of the present invention includes a water cushion pond 1 and a plurality of energy-dissipating gas release mechanisms 3. The plurality of energy-dissipating gas release mechanisms 3 are all located downstream of the water cushion pond 1, and the upstream ends of the energy-dissipating gas release mechanisms 3 are in communication with the interior of the water cushion pond 1. The energy-dissipating gas release mechanism 3 includes a pipeline-type energy-dissipating gas release assembly 14 and a weir-type energy-dissipating gas release assembly 15. The upstream end of the pipeline-type energy-dissipating gas release assembly 14 communicates with the lower portion of the downstream sidewall of the plunge pool 1, and the weir-type energy-dissipating gas release assembly 15 communicates with the downstream end of the pipeline-type energy-dissipating gas release assembly 14. The plunge pool 1 is constructed in the area where the dam outflow falls into the plunge pool 1. After the dam outflow falls into the plunge pool 1, it dissipates energy through the plunge pool 1, the pipeline-type energy-dissipating gas release assembly 14, and the weir-type energy-dissipating gas release assembly 15 in sequence. Disordered turbulence is generated within the pipeline-type energy-dissipating gas release assembly 14 and the weir-type energy-dissipating gas release assembly 15, creating conditions for the coalescence of supersaturated gas nuclei in the water body, facilitating the rapid precipitation and release of supersaturated gas, and ensuring that the dissolved gas concentration in the dam outflow quickly drops below the ecological safety threshold, effectively avoiding the risk of fish bubble disease and mitigating the damage of supersaturated gas to the integrity of the river ecosystem and biodiversity. Since the water cushion pond 1, the pipeline type energy dissipation gas release component 14 and the diversion weir type energy dissipation gas release component 15 are arranged in sequence along the direction of river flow, the device can process a large amount of dam discharge water flow per unit time and has high processing efficiency.

[0024] The plunge pool 1 is provided with a falling pool 100 and an energy dissipation pool 101. The energy dissipation pool 101 is located downstream of the falling pool 100, and the upstream side of the energy dissipation pool 101 is connected with the downstream side of the falling pool 100. The bottom plate elevation of the energy dissipation pool 101 is lower than the bottom plate elevation of the falling pool 100, and the top surface of the energy dissipation pool 101 is coplanar with the top surface of the falling pool 100.

[0025] A twisted energy dissipation body 2 is placed at the bottom of the falling pool 100, and the energy dissipation pool 101 is filled with the twisted energy dissipation body 2. The water discharged from the dam falls into the falling pool 100, and the water in the falling pool 100 and the twisted energy dissipation body 2 at the bottom of the falling pool 100 are used to buffer and dissipate the energy of the water discharged from the dam, which can significantly reduce the impact and damage of high-speed water flow on the falling pool 100 and the surrounding concrete structures. The energy dissipation pool 101 is filled with twisted energy dissipation bodies 2, and a porous energy dissipation structure is constructed through the spaces and gaps between the twisted energy dissipation bodies 2. When the water flows in the spaces and gaps between the twisted energy dissipation bodies 2, a chaotic turbulence will be formed, which can not only realize the energy dissipation of the water discharged from the dam, but also increase the contact area between the supersaturated gas and the twisted energy dissipation body 2, creating favorable conditions for the supersaturated gas nucleation and facilitating the precipitation and release of the supersaturated gas.

[0026] The pipeline type energy dissipation gas release assembly 14 includes an energy dissipation pipe 4 , in which a plurality of spiral guide vanes 5 are arranged at intervals in the axial direction.

[0027] The energy dissipation tube 4 is an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene tube with multiple gas release holes 6 formed in its top. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene tube has a relatively smooth inner wall, which reduces the friction coefficient of the inner wall. The gas release holes 6 in the top of the energy dissipation tube 4 facilitate the escape and release of gas within the tube 4, thereby reducing the content of supersaturated gas in the water.

[0028] The energy dissipation pipe 4 is provided with 4 to 6 spiral guide vanes 5. The angle between the spiral guide vanes 5 and the axial direction of the energy dissipation pipe 4 is 15° to 30°, and the pitch is 1.5 to 2 times the diameter of the energy dissipation pipe 4. The angle between the spiral guide vanes 5 and the axial direction of the energy dissipation pipe 4 is controlled to be 15° to 30°. If it is too large, it will cause a surge in resistance, and if it is too small, it will lead to insufficient centrifugal effect. The energy dissipation pipe 4 is provided with 4 to 6 spiral guide vanes 5, and the pitch is 1.5 to 2 times the diameter of the energy dissipation pipe 4 to ensure that the water flow field in the energy dissipation pipe 4 rotates uniformly.

[0029] The surface of the spiral guide vane 5 is provided with a duplex stainless steel coating or a tungsten carbide coating to ensure that the high spiral guide vane 5 can withstand the impact of high-speed sand-laden water flow.

[0030] When the water flows through the energy dissipation pipe 4, it will form swirl and turbulence under the guidance of the spiral guide vanes 5. The multi-flow coupling effect will break the pressure balance inside the water body, which can effectively improve the precipitation and release efficiency of supersaturated gas.

[0031] The guide weir type energy dissipation gas release component 15 includes a dovetail guide weir 10 and a bladed guide roller 9. The small end of the dovetail guide weir 10 is connected to the downstream end of the pipeline type energy dissipation gas release component 14, and the bladed guide roller 9 is arranged in the dovetail guide weir 10 near the pipeline type energy dissipation gas release component 14.

[0032] The bladed guide roller 9 comprises a roller body 90, the ends of which are mounted within the two side walls of a dovetail-shaped guide weir 10 via rotating bearings 7. The roller body 90 is provided with multiple rows of guide blades 91 arranged in a circumferential array, with adjacent rows of guide blades 91 staggered axially along the roller body 90. When the guide blades 91 rotate to the top of the roller body 90, the water-facing surfaces of the guide blades 91 are alternately provided with multiple rows of guide protrusions 12 and multiple rows of guide holes 13. When water flows out of the energy dissipation pipe 4, it impacts the guide blades 91, driving the bladed guide roller 9 to rotate. This rotation changes the flow pattern of the water, facilitating the release of supersaturated gases from the water. The provision of the guide protrusions 12 and guide holes 13 on the guide blades 91 further alters the flow pattern and increases the contact area between the guide blades 91 and the water, thereby accelerating the release rate of supersaturated gases from the water.

[0033] The diversion protrusion 12 is a hemispherical structure, with multiple raised points 8 on its spherical surface. The inner wall of the diversion hole 13 is provided with multiple rectangular plates 11 in a circular array. The multiple raised points 8 on the spherical surface of the diversion protrusion 12 further increase the contact area between the diversion protrusion 12 and the water body. The multiple rectangular plates 11 on the inner wall of the diversion hole 13 cut through the water flow as it passes through the diversion hole 13, helping to disrupt the pressure equilibrium within the water body and improve the efficiency of supersaturated gas precipitation and release.

Claims

1. A supersaturated dissolved gas release device, characterized in that: It comprises a water cushion pond (1) and a plurality of energy dissipation gas release mechanisms (3), wherein the plurality of energy dissipation gas release mechanisms (3) are all located downstream of the water cushion pond (1), and the upstream ends of the energy dissipation gas release mechanisms (3) are in communication with the interior of the water cushion pond (1); The energy dissipation gas release mechanism (3) comprises a pipeline-type energy dissipation gas release component (14) and a diversion weir-type energy dissipation gas release component (15); the upstream end of the pipeline-type energy dissipation gas release component (14) is in communication with the lower portion of the downstream side wall of the water cushion pond (1); and the diversion weir-type energy dissipation gas release component (15) is in communication with the downstream end of the pipeline-type energy dissipation gas release component (14).

2. The supersaturated dissolved gas release device according to claim 1, wherein: The plunge pool (1) is provided with a falling pool (100) and an energy dissipation pool (101), the energy dissipation pool (101) is located downstream of the falling pool (100), and the upstream side of the energy dissipation pool (101) is connected to the downstream side of the falling pool (100), the bottom plate elevation of the energy dissipation pool (101) is lower than the bottom plate elevation of the falling pool (100), and the top surface of the energy dissipation pool (101) is coplanar with the top surface of the falling pool (100).

3. The supersaturated dissolved gas release device according to claim 2, wherein: A twisted energy dissipation body (2) is placed at the lower part of the falling pool (100), and the energy dissipation pool (101) is filled with the twisted energy dissipation body (2).

4. The supersaturated dissolved gas release device according to claim 1, wherein: The pipeline-type energy dissipation gas release assembly (14) comprises an energy dissipation pipe (4), wherein a plurality of spiral guide vanes (5) are provided in the energy dissipation pipe (4) at intervals in the axial direction.

5. The supersaturated dissolved gas release device according to claim 4, wherein: The energy dissipation pipe (4) is an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene pipe, and a plurality of gas release holes (6) are provided on the top of the energy dissipation pipe (4).

6. The supersaturated dissolved gas release device according to claim 4, wherein: The energy dissipation pipe (4) is provided with 4 to 6 spiral guide vanes (5), the angle between the spiral guide vanes (5) and the axial direction of the energy dissipation pipe (4) is 15° to 30°, and the pitch is 1.5 to 2 times the diameter of the energy dissipation pipe (4).

7. The supersaturated dissolved gas release device according to claim 4, wherein: The surface of the spiral guide vane (5) is provided with a duplex stainless steel coating or a tungsten carbide coating.

8. The supersaturated dissolved gas release device according to claim 1, wherein: The guide weir type energy dissipation gas release component (15) comprises a dovetail guide weir (10) and a bladed guide roller (9), wherein the small end of the dovetail guide weir (10) is connected to the downstream end of the pipeline type energy dissipation gas release component (14), and the bladed guide roller (9) is arranged in the dovetail guide weir (10) at a position close to the pipeline type energy dissipation gas release component (14).

9. The supersaturated dissolved gas release device according to claim 8, wherein: The bladed guide roller (9) comprises a roller body (90), both ends of which are mounted on the inner side walls of a dovetail-shaped guide weir (10) via rotating bearings (7), a plurality of rows of guide blades (91) are arranged in a circumferential array on the roller body (90), and two adjacent rows of guide blades (91) are staggered in the axial direction of the roller body (90), and when the guide blades (91) rotate to the top of the roller body (90), a plurality of rows of guide protrusions (12) and a plurality of rows of guide holes (13) are alternately arranged on the water-facing surface of the guide blades (91).

10. The supersaturated dissolved gas release device according to claim 9, wherein: The diversion protrusion (12) is a hemispherical structure, and a plurality of convex points (8) are provided on the spherical surface of the diversion protrusion (12); a plurality of rectangular plates (11) are provided on the inner wall of the diversion hole (13) in a circumferential array.

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