Tunneling roadway multi-source heat energy directional intelligent active recovery system and method

Abstract

According to the directional intelligent active recovery system and method for the multi-source heat energy of the tunneling roadway, mine heat damage treatment is achieved by effectively preventing heat from spreading in the roadway, and meanwhile conversion from mine roadway heat damage prevention and control to heat energy utilization is achieved through multi-source heat energy recovery. Therefore, the tunneling roadway multi-source heat energy directional intelligent active recovery system provided by the invention comprises a magnetic nano grouting ore heat directional recovery system for guiding out deep surrounding rock heat energy and realizing recovery, the magnetic nanometer grouting ore heat directional recovery system comprises a magnetic nanometer grouting heat conduction layer arranged in a surrounding rock body. The surrounding rock wall surface heat energy recovery layer is arranged on the inner wall of the surrounding rock and used for recovering heat energy directionally guided out by the magnetic nanometer grouting heat conduction layer; and the guniting heat insulation layer covers the surrounding rock wall surface heat energy recovery layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of heat damage control in mine tunnels, and in particular relates to a multi-source heat energy directional intelligent active recovery system and method for tunneling tunnels. Background Art

[0002] As mining depth increases, the problem of high-temperature heat damage in mine tunnels becomes increasingly prominent. Furthermore, as mine depth increases, the intensity of heat release from surrounding rock, air compression, and loading and unloading increases, and the mine's heat sources become more complex. As a result, heat damage has gradually become a major threat to safe and efficient mine production. In deep mines, the tunneling working face is most susceptible to high initial rock temperature, high humidity, and poor ventilation, making heat damage a particularly prominent issue.

[0003] The essence of heat damage management lies in ensuring that heat emissions exceed heat production. Therefore, mine heat damage management methods primarily include insulation, optimized ventilation systems, and refrigeration. Optimized ventilation systems and insulation are suitable for shallow mines with low temperatures, while refrigeration requires significant investment, energy consumption, and costs. In recent years, some researchers have proposed installing heat recovery devices in tunnels to recover heat. However, these devices only absorb heat from the air within the tunnel. They fail to prevent heat transfer from the rock wall into the tunnel and fail to fully recover heat from deeper within the rock wall, resulting in poor heat damage prevention and control effectiveness and low heat recovery efficiency. Furthermore, these devices are characterized by their large steel structure and weight, increasing transportation costs. Other researchers have proposed using thermosyphon technology to recover surrounding rock heat, but this method lacks integration with the mine's support system, making the cost of establishing a standalone heat recovery system high. Furthermore, deep mines, especially deep metal mines, are prone to severe dynamic hazards. Such methods can easily create weak points in areas with significant dynamic hazards, increasing the risk of mine disasters. In addition, existing technologies of this type only use temperature differences for heat transfer, which has low heat transfer efficiency and a wide transfer range, and low centralized recovery efficiency after heat transfer. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-source intelligent active recovery system and method for tunneling tunnels, which can achieve mine heat damage control by effectively preventing the spread of heat inside the tunnels, and at the same time realize the transformation of mine tunnel heat damage prevention and control to heat energy utilization through multi-source heat energy recovery.

[0005] To this end, the multi-source directional intelligent active heat energy recovery system for tunneling provided by the present invention includes a magnetic nano-grouting mine heat directional recovery system for extracting and recovering deep surrounding rock heat energy. The magnetic nano-grouting mine heat directional recovery system includes a magnetic nano-grouting heat-conducting layer arranged in the surrounding rock body, a surrounding rock wall heat energy recovery layer arranged on the inner wall of the surrounding rock for recovering the heat energy directionally extracted by the magnetic nano-grouting heat-conducting layer, and a sprayed insulation layer covering the surrounding rock wall heat energy recovery layer.

[0006] Specifically, the magnetic nano-grouting thermal conductive layer includes a hollow grouting anchor rod with seams driven into the surrounding rock, an iron-based magnetic nano-encapsulated grouting slurry injected into the surrounding rock through the hollow grouting anchor rod with seams and filling the cracks and voids in the rock mass to form a thermal conductive grouting network, and the tail end of the hollow grouting anchor rod with seams is located in the heat energy recovery layer of the surrounding rock wall.

[0007] Specifically, the front end of the hollow grouting anchor with seams is provided with a Hall sensor probe and an isotope detector, and the iron-based magnetic nano-encapsulated grouting slurry includes epoxy resin grouting liquid and a mixture of epoxy resin grouting liquid and an isotope detector. 58 FeCo nanocube magnetic filler, a magnetic field generating device is provided in the tunnel, and the magnetic field generating device changes the magnetic field distribution of the surrounding rock mass so that 58 The orientation of the FeCo nanocube magnetic filler changes, realizing the directional, intelligent and active recovery of heat from the deep surrounding rock in the tunnel.

[0008] Specifically, it also includes a curtain-type tunnel mobile waste heat recovery system for isolating the tunnel wall from transferring heat to the dense working area while absorbing the heat energy of the tunnel air.

[0009] Specifically, the curtain-type tunnel mobile waste heat recovery system includes several tarpaulin brackets arranged along the extension direction of the tunnel and a double-layer tarpaulin covering the tarpaulin brackets. The shape of the tarpaulin brackets is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel. A movable roller is provided at the bottom of each tarpaulin bracket. A heat exchange hose that bends and extends back and forth is provided in the interlayer of the double-layer tarpaulin. The curtain-type tunnel mobile waste heat recovery system is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet on the side away from the excavation working face. The two ends of the heat exchange hose are respectively connected to the water inlet and the water outlet, and the water inlet and the water outlet are respectively connected to the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe of the waste heat recovery water tank. A heat exchange pipe is provided in the waste heat recovery water tank. The intensive working area is located in the double-layer tarpaulin, and the cold air flow sent in by the wind duct passes through the double-layer tarpaulin.

[0010] Specifically, the outer side of the double-layer tarpaulin is provided with several outer curtain edges extending upwardly and obliquely toward the excavation working surface, the inner side of the top of the double-layer tarpaulin is provided with an inner windshield edge extending in the front of the dense working area, and a local dehumidifier is also provided inside the double-layer tarpaulin at the position of the dense working area.

[0011] Specifically, the heat energy recovery layer of the surrounding rock wall includes a heat-conducting shell, which is connected to the tray of each hollow grouting anchor rod containing a seam through a heat-conducting plate. The heat-conducting shell is provided with a heat exchange pipe that bends back and forth and extends. The heat exchange pipe is connected to a waste heat recovery device away from the excavation working face, and a heat exchange pipe is installed in the waste heat recovery device.

[0012] Specifically, the sprayed insulation layer includes a ceramsite concrete sprayed layer, a metal bracket and a steel mesh are provided in the ceramsite concrete sprayed layer, and porous materials such as nano aerogel, high-temperature aluminum silicate ceramic fiber board, and biofiber are added to the ceramsite concrete sprayed layer.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for recovering multi-source heat energy in a tunneling tunnel, comprising the following steps: A hollow grouting anchor with cracks is driven into the surrounding rock, and iron-based magnetic nano-encapsulated grouting slurry is injected into the surrounding rock through the hollow grouting anchor with cracks. Under the action of grouting pressure, the slurry fills the cracks and voids in the rock mass, forming a heat-conducting grouting network inside the rock mass. The iron-based magnetic nano-encapsulated grouting slurry directionally conducts heat energy from the deep surrounding rock. A heat recovery layer is constructed on the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and the heat energy extracted is recovered by using the heat recovery layer. One side of the heat recovery layer is covered with sprayed insulation to prevent the extracted heat from being transferred to the interior of the tunnel.

[0014] Specifically, an isotope detector is used to monitor the injection of isotopes at different locations. 58 The Fe concentration data was processed by wavelet transform algorithm to obtain the original isotope 58 The Fe concentration data were denoised; Based on the known geological information, a three-dimensional geological model was constructed, and the migration process of isotopes in the underground medium was simulated using the finite element method considering the underground fracture parameters. The simulation results were compared with the isotope 58 The Fe concentration data was compared and analyzed, and the location and geometric parameters of underground cracks were inverted using an optimization algorithm. Through continuous iterative calculations, the simulation results were optimally matched with the actual data, thereby determining the precise location of the grouting cracks. The Hall sensor probe is used to monitor the magnetic field data at different positions. By conducting similar simulation experiments, the temperature is changed to monitor the evolution of the magnetic field, and the magnetic field is changed to monitor the change of the temperature field, and several sets of simulation data are obtained. The simulation data are used for machine learning to establish a magnetic field-temperature field inversion model. The collected magnetic field data at different positions are imported into the magnetic field-temperature field inversion model to obtain the temperature field distribution. A three-dimensional heat transfer model that considers grouting cracks and temperature factors is constructed. The target area is divided into a finite number of cells, each of which is assigned corresponding thermophysical parameters. The enhancement of heat transfer by grouting cracks is also considered, and the crack characteristics are described. Based on the law of conservation of energy, a heat balance equation is established for each cell, forming a complete set of heat transfer equations. Combined with the obtained grouting crack locations and temperature field distribution, the optimal heat transfer path is solved based on this set of heat transfer equations. Combined with the obtained optimal heat transfer path, the magnetic field distribution to form the path is obtained, and the optimal magnetic field distribution is formed using a magnetic field generating device to change the unidirectional heat transfer in the iron-based magnetic encapsulated nanomaterials. 58 The orientation of the FeCo nanocubes changes the heat conduction direction of the iron-based magnetic nano-encapsulated grouting slurry, forming an optimal heat conduction path; The obtained temperature field distribution and optimal heat conduction path are combined to optimize the injection flow and injection rate of the heat recovery layer on the surrounding rock wall.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention is designed with a magnetic nano-grouting directional mineral heat recovery system. Among the heat sources in the tunnel, the heat transfer from the high-temperature rock wall to the tunnel accounts for 40% to 60% of the total heat source. The introduction of this device realizes the efficient recovery of mineral heat from the deep surrounding rock of deep mines, effectively reducing the heat source of the high-temperature rock wall; under the combined action of the sprayed insulation layer, this type of heat source is controlled to a low level to the maximum extent. This system is improved on the support system of deep well tunnels. By improving the grouting material of the support system and utilizing the grouting crack network formed during the grouting process, the heat collection area of ​​the mineral heat recovery is significantly increased, significantly improving the heat collection efficiency. In addition, by taking into account the dual effects of support and mineral heat recovery, the construction cost of mineral heat recovery is significantly reduced.

[0016] 2. The present invention will have one-way heat transfer 58 When FeCo nanocubes are added to the grouting slurry, the temperature field changes can be monitored by magnetic field inversion. 58 The orientation of FeCo nanocubes will change under the action of magnetic field, thereby changing the thermal conductivity direction of the iron-based magnetic nano-encapsulated grouting slurry; at the same time 58 FeCo nanocubes contain isotopes 58 Fe can be used for isotope tracking and positioning of grouting fractures to determine the location of grouting fractures. An improved ant colony algorithm is used to combine the location of grouting fractures with the temperature field distribution to solve the optimal heat transfer path, further optimizing the injection flow and injection rate of the heat recovery layer on the surrounding rock wall, significantly improving the heat recovery rate of deep surrounding rocks while reducing energy loss during the recovery process.

[0017] 3. The present invention is designed with a curtain-type mobile waste heat recovery system for the tunnel, which can simultaneously recover waste heat from the dense working area and the return air gap. The double-layer tarpaulin in this design concentrates the hoses used to install heat recovery at the height of the dense working area of ​​the tunnel, and the heat recovery process is more focused on the high-temperature area. When the return airflow passes through the return air gap, the outer curtain edge bulges outward to form a return air vortex, increasing the heat exchange area between the return airflow and the double-layer tarpaulin, which is beneficial to the recovery of heat energy. The inner windshield edge diffuses the wind tube to the top and transmits the cold airflow downward, making the cold airflow more concentrated in the dense working area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a transverse cross-sectional structural diagram of the multi-source heat energy directional intelligent active recovery system for tunneling tunnels provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional structural diagram of the multi-source heat energy directional intelligent active recovery system for tunneling tunnels provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is the technical route of the enhanced magnetic nano-grouting mineral heat directional recovery system of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the curtain-type tunnel mobile waste heat recovery system of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the heat transfer direction of the curtain-type tunnel mobile waste heat recovery system of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow direction of the curtain-type tunnel mobile waste heat recovery system of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the hose arrangement and water flow direction of the curtain-type tunnel mobile waste heat recovery system of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat recovery layer on the surrounding rock wall of the present invention.

[0027] Wherein: 1, deep surrounding rock; 2, magnetic nano grouting heat conduction layer; 3, surrounding rock wall heat energy recovery layer; 4, shotcrete insulation layer; 5, hollow grouting anchor rod; 6, iron-based magnetic nano encapsulated grouting slurry; 7, tray; 8, nut; 9, heat conduction grouting network; 10, Hall sensor probe; 11, isotope detector; 12, tarpaulin support; 13, double-layer tarpaulin; 14, moving roller; 15, heat exchange hose; 16, water inlet; 17, water outlet; 18, waste heat recovery water tank; 19, intensive work area; 20, return air gap; 21, outer curtain edge; 22, inner wind blocking edge; 23, local dehumidifier; 24, heat conduction shell; 25, heat conduction sheet; 26, heat exchange water pipe; 27, slot; 28, air duct; 29, waste heat recovery device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0030] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2A multi-source directional intelligent active heat energy recovery system for an excavation tunnel includes a magnetic nano-grouting mine heat directional recovery system for directionally extracting heat energy from deep surrounding rock 1. The magnetic nano-grouting mine heat directional recovery system includes a magnetic nano-grouting heat-conducting layer 2 arranged in the surrounding rock body, a surrounding rock wall heat energy recovery layer 3 arranged on the inner wall of the surrounding rock for recovering the heat energy directionally extracted by the magnetic nano-grouting heat-conducting layer 2, and a sprayed insulation layer 4 covering the surrounding rock wall heat energy recovery layer 3.

[0032] This embodiment sets a magnetic nano-grouting heat-conducting layer 2 in the surrounding rock to directionally conduct the heat energy deep in the rock mass to the heat energy recovery layer 3 on the surrounding rock wall for recovery, thereby achieving efficient recovery of mineral heat from the deep surrounding rock 1 in the deep mine, effectively reducing the heat source of the high-temperature rock wall, and under the combined action of the sprayed insulation layer 4, maximally controlling this type of heat source to a low level.

[0033] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 It will be appreciated that in some embodiments, the magnetic nano-grouting heat-conducting layer 2 includes hollow grouting anchors 5 driven into the surrounding rock mass, and an iron-based magnetic nano-encapsulated grouting slurry 6 injected into the surrounding rock mass through the hollow grouting anchors 5, filling the cracks and voids in the rock mass to form a heat-conducting grouting network 9. The tail ends of the hollow grouting anchors 5 are located within the heat recovery layer 3 on the surrounding rock surface. In this embodiment, by improving the grouting material of the support system and utilizing the grouting crack network formed during the grouting process, the heat collection area for mineral heat recovery is significantly expanded, significantly improving heat collection efficiency.

[0034] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the hollow grouting anchor rod 5 with seams is driven into the surrounding rock and fixed by a tray 7 and a nut 8, and the iron-based magnetic nano-encapsulated grouting slurry 6 is injected at the same time. The hollow grouting anchor rod 5 with seams is conducive to the iron-based magnetic nano-encapsulated grouting slurry 6 filling the cracks and voids in the rock mass under the action of grouting pressure, forming a heat-conducting grouting network 9 inside the rock mass. The iron-based magnetic nano-encapsulated grouting slurry 6 is made of epoxy resin grouting liquid and iron-based magnetic encapsulated nano-materials mixed in a certain proportion. The iron-based magnetic encapsulated nano-materials have the characteristics of unidirectional heat transfer. 58 FeCo nanocubes are used as magnetic fillers, PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) as polymer materials, and silicon wafers with oxide layers as substrate materials. The orientation of the iron-based magnetic encapsulated nanomaterials will change under the action of a magnetic field, thereby changing the thermal conductivity direction of the iron-based magnetic nanoencapsulated grouting slurry 6. 58 FeCo nanocubes contain the isotope 58Fe and can be used for isotope tracking and positioning of grouting fractures.

[0035] See also Figure 1-Figure 3Specifically, the front end of the hollow grouting anchor 5 is provided with a Hall sensor probe 10 and an isotope detector 11. The Hall sensor probe 10 is used to monitor the magnetic field data at different positions, and the isotope detector 11 is used to track and locate the isotopes of the grouting cracks. A magnetic field generating device is provided in the tunnel. The magnetic field generating device changes the magnetic field distribution of the surrounding rock mass, so that the iron-based magnetic encapsulated nanomaterials 58 The orientation of the FeCo nanocube magnetic filler changes, thereby changing the heat conduction direction of the iron-based magnetic nano-encapsulated grouting slurry 6, and realizing the directional intelligent active recovery of heat from the deep surrounding rock 1 of the tunnel.

[0036] See also Figure 3 A multi-source heat energy recovery method for tunneling includes the following steps: A hollow grouting anchor rod 5 containing cracks is driven into the surrounding rock, and an iron-based magnetic nano-encapsulated grouting slurry 6 is injected into the surrounding rock mass through the hollow grouting anchor rod 5. The slurry fills the cracks and voids in the rock mass under the action of the grouting pressure, forming a heat-conducting grouting network 9 inside the rock mass. The heat energy of the deep surrounding rock 1 is directionally conducted away through the iron-based magnetic nano-encapsulated grouting slurry 6; the grouting heat-conducting layer can reinforce the broken rock mass, prevent hot water from seeping into the tunnel, and absorb the heat energy of the surrounding rock mass at the same time.

[0037] A surrounding rock wall heat energy recovery layer 3 is constructed on the tunnel surrounding rock, and the extracted heat energy is recovered by using the surrounding rock wall heat energy recovery layer 3. One side of the surrounding rock wall heat energy recovery layer 3 is covered with sprayed insulation to prevent the extracted heat from being transferred to the interior of the tunnel.

[0038] The specific implementation process of directional extraction of thermal energy from the deep surrounding rock 1 is as follows: The isotope 58Fe is injected into the rock mass along with the nano-encapsulated grouting slurry. The isotope detector 11 is installed at the end of the hollow grouting anchor rod 5 with cracks to monitor the injection of isotopes at different positions. 58 Fe concentration data; The original isotopes collected were analyzed using wavelet transform algorithm. 58 The Fe concentration data was denoised to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the data; Based on the known geological information, a three-dimensional geological model is constructed. The finite element method is used to simulate the migration process of isotopes in the underground medium, taking into account the underground fracture parameters. The simulation results are compared and analyzed with the isotope 58Fe concentration data. The location and geometric parameters of the underground fractures are inverted using optimization algorithms (such as genetic algorithms). Through continuous iterative calculations, the simulation results are optimally matched with the actual data, thereby determining the precise location of the grouting fracture. By continuously monitoring the isotope 58 The dynamic changes of Fe concentration are analyzed, and the development trend and extension direction of cracks are tracked using time series analysis methods. Combined with the geomechanical model, the evolution of grouting cracks is obtained.

[0039] To obtain a magnetic field-temperature field inversion model using the Hall sensor probe 10 to monitor magnetic field data at different locations, a similar simulation experiment must first be conducted in the laboratory. The temperature is varied to monitor magnetic field evolution, and the magnetic field is varied to monitor temperature field changes. Each set of data is then denoised and normalized and stored as data set K. Based on data set K, a machine learning model, including but not limited to a neural network, is used to learn and establish a magnetic field-temperature field inversion model. The magnetic field data at different locations collected by the Hall sensor probe 10 is then imported into the magnetic field-temperature field inversion model to obtain the temperature field distribution.

[0040] Next, magnetic field and temperature field manipulation was performed. First, a three-dimensional heat transfer model was constructed, taking into account grouting cracks and temperature factors. The target area was divided into a finite number of cells, each assigned corresponding thermophysical parameters. The enhanced effect of grouting cracks on heat transfer was also considered to describe the crack characteristics. Based on the law of conservation of energy, a heat balance equation was established for each cell, forming a complete set of heat transfer equations.

[0041] Combining the obtained grouting crack locations and temperature distributions with the aforementioned heat transfer equations, an improved ant colony algorithm (ACA) was employed to solve the optimal heat transfer path. The heat transfer path was considered the path of ants in the ACA, with heat transfer efficiency serving as a heuristic for ants' path selection, and crack and temperature-related parameters serving as path constraints. During the algorithm's iterations, the ants selected the next node based on the heat transfer efficiency at their current location, the path pheromone concentration, and the crack and temperature conditions, gradually constructing the heat transfer path. By continuously updating the pheromone concentration, the ants were guided to search for a better path, ultimately achieving the optimal heat transfer path.

[0042] Combined with the obtained optimal heat transfer path, the magnetic field distribution to form the path is obtained, and a magnetic field generating device is used to form the optimal magnetic field distribution, changing the orientation of the 58FeCo nanocubes with unidirectional heat transfer in the iron-based magnetic encapsulated nanomaterial, thereby changing the heat conduction direction of the iron-based magnetic nanoencapsulated grouting slurry 6 and forming the optimal heat conduction path.

[0043] The obtained temperature field distribution and optimal heat conduction path are combined to optimize the water injection flow and injection rate of the heat energy recovery layer 3 on the surrounding rock wall, thereby improving the heat energy recovery rate of the deep surrounding rock 1 while reducing the energy loss in the recovery process.

[0044] The present invention adopts isotope tracking and positioning technology to obtain the position of grouting cracks, collects magnetic field data at different positions with the help of Hall sensor probe 10, and establishes a magnetic field-temperature field inversion model to obtain the temperature field distribution. The obtained grouting crack position and temperature field distribution are combined to obtain the optimal path of heat transfer. Based on the obtained optimal heat transfer path, the magnetic field distribution to form the path is obtained. Finally, the optimal magnetic field distribution is formed with the help of electromagnetic induction technology to form the optimal heat conduction path.

[0045] See also Figure 4 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the multi-source heat energy directional intelligent active recovery system for the excavation tunnel also includes a curtain-type tunnel mobile waste heat recovery system for isolating the tunnel wall from transferring heat to the dense working area 19 while absorbing the heat energy of the tunnel air.

[0046] Specifically, the curtain-type tunnel mobile waste heat recovery system includes several tarpaulin brackets 12 arranged along the extension direction of the tunnel and a double-layer tarpaulin 13 covering the tarpaulin brackets 12. The main body of the double-layer tarpaulin 13 is made of a one-way high thermal conductivity, fire-resistant and scratch-resistant fabric material. The sewing process is sewn according to the expected heat conduction direction. The shape of the tarpaulin bracket 12 is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel. A moving roller 14 is provided at the bottom of each tarpaulin bracket 12. A heat exchange hose 15 that bends and extends back and forth is provided in the interlayer of the double-layer tarpaulin 13. The curtain-type tunnel mobile waste heat recovery system is away from the excavation working face. A water inlet 16 and a water outlet 17 are provided on one side, and both ends of the heat exchange hose 15 are respectively connected with the water inlet 16 and the water outlet 17, and the water inlet 16 and the water outlet 17 are respectively connected with the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe of the waste heat recovery water tank 18. The waste heat recovery water tank 18 is provided with a heat exchange pipe, and the waste heat recovery function is realized by circulating hot and cold water. The intensive working area 19 is located in the double-layer tarpaulin 13, and the cold air flow sent in by the air duct 28 passes through the double-layer tarpaulin 13. By pushing the tarpaulin brackets 12 closer or farther away from each other, the double-layer tarpaulin 13 can be quickly and conveniently unfolded and stored.

[0047] In this embodiment, the double-layer tarpaulin 13 is covered outside the dense working area 19 of the tunnel through the tarpaulin bracket 12. The cold air flow sent in by the wind duct 28 passes through the dense working area 19, takes away the heat of the dense working area 19, and cools the dense working area 19. After that, the air flow passes through the double-layer tarpaulin 13, passes through the excavation working face and further takes away the heat before changing direction to form a return air flow, and passes through the return air gap 20 between the double-layer tarpaulin 13 and the tunnel surrounding rock. The heat exchange hose 15 pre-buried in the double-layer tarpaulin 13 will exchange heat with the return air flow, absorb the heat of the circulating water in the heat exchange hose 15, and return it to the waste heat recovery water tank 18 for heat recovery. The entire curtain-type tunnel mobile waste heat recovery system can recover the heat from the heat source in the return air gap 20 and the mechanical heat released and air compression heat in the dense working area 19, and the double-layer tarpaulin 13 can prevent rock falling caused by disasters such as surrounding rock collapse and spalling, causing casualties and equipment damage.

[0048] See also Figure 4-Figure 6Specifically, the outer side of the double-layer tarpaulin 13 is provided with several outer curtain edges 21 extending upward and obliquely toward the excavation working surface. Outer curtain edges 21 are provided on the top and both sides of the double-layer tarpaulin 13. The inner side of the top of the double-layer tarpaulin 13 is provided with an inner windshield edge 22 extending in the front of the dense working area 19. A local dehumidifier 23 is also provided in the double-layer tarpaulin 13 at the position of the dense working area 19.

[0049] In this embodiment, the double-layer tarpaulin 13 concentrates the hoses for installing heat recovery at the height of the dense working area 19 of the tunnel, and the heat recovery process is more focused on the high-temperature area. The designed outer curtain edge 21 bulges outward to form a return air vortex when the return airflow passes through the return air gap 20, increasing the heat exchange area between the return airflow and the double-layer tarpaulin 13, which is beneficial to the recovery of heat energy. The designed inner wind shield 22 diffuses the air duct 28 to the top of the cold airflow and transmits it downward, so that the cold airflow is more concentrated in the dense working area 19. The humidity in the tunnel seriously affects the heat resistance of the workers and work equipment at high temperatures. The designed local dehumidifier 23 can ensure that the temperature and humidity near the dense working area 19 meet industry requirements. On the one hand, it can avoid the energy waste caused by global dehumidification. On the other hand, its small-scale cooling effect has a local cooling effect on the dense working area 19.

[0050] See also Figure 1 and Figure 8 It can be understood that, in actual application, the surrounding rock wall heat energy recovery layer 3 includes a heat-conducting shell 24, which is connected to the tray 7 of each hollow grouting anchor rod 5 containing a seam through a heat-conducting sheet 25. A heat-exchange water pipe 26 that bends back and forth is provided on the heat-conducting shell 24. The heat-exchange water pipe 26 is connected to a waste heat recovery device 29 away from the excavation working face. A heat exchange pipe is installed in the waste heat recovery device 29, and the waste heat recovery device 29 can adopt a heat exchange water tank.

[0051] The heat energy recovery layer 3 on the surrounding rock wall is composed of an assembleable heat exchange unit. A notch 27 is provided on the edge of the heat-conducting outer shell 24. The notches 27 after splicing are interlocked and fixed with fixed clips. The heat exchange water pipe 26 is spliced ​​together by several U-shaped water pipes. The joints of the U-shaped water pipes are covered with sealing rings to prevent water leakage at the joints. The heat exchange unit and the tray 7 are connected through the heat conducting plate 25. After splicing, the end of the U-shaped water pipe away from the excavation working face is connected to the waste heat recovery device 29. After the deep well tunnel is mined and filled, the end of the U-shaped water pipe away from the excavation working face is connected to the mine thermal energy mining system to continuously collect the heat energy contained in the surrounding rock.

[0052] Specifically, the sprayed insulation layer 4 includes a ceramsite concrete spray layer, a steel mesh and a metal bracket. The thickness of the ceramsite concrete spray layer is 20-200 mm. Porous materials such as nano aerogel, high-temperature aluminum silicate ceramic fiber board, and biofiber are added to the ceramsite concrete layer for spraying to reduce the thermal conductivity of the concrete. The mesh of the steel mesh is diamond or rectangular, and the metal bracket is a U-shaped steel bracket or a steel grid arch frame.

[0053] Unless otherwise stated, for any of the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, if a numerical range is disclosed, the disclosed numerical range is a preferred numerical range. Any person skilled in the art should understand that the preferred numerical range is merely a numerical range that is representative or has a more obvious technical effect among many feasible numerical values. Due to the large number of numerical values, it is impossible to enumerate them exhaustively. Therefore, the present invention discloses some numerical values ​​to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention. Moreover, the numerical values ​​listed above should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] At the same time, if the above-mentioned invention discloses or involves components or structural parts that are fixedly connected to each other, then, unless otherwise stated, the fixed connection can be understood as: a detachable fixed connection (for example, using bolts or screws to connect), and can also be understood as: a non-detachable fixed connection (for example, riveting, welding). Of course, the mutual fixed connection can also be replaced by an integrated structure (for example, manufactured by a casting process) (except where it is obviously impossible to use an integrated forming process).

[0055] In addition, unless otherwise stated, terms used in any of the technical solutions disclosed herein to represent positional relationships or shapes include states or shapes that are similar, analogous, or approximate. Any component provided by the present invention may be assembled from multiple separate components or may be a single component manufactured using an integral molding process.

[0056] The above embodiments are merely examples to clearly illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit its implementation. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above descriptions are possible. It is not necessary and impossible to provide an exhaustive list of all embodiments. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-source heat energy directional intelligent active recovery system for tunneling tunnels, characterized by: The invention comprises a magnetic nano-grouting ore heat directional recovery system for extracting and recovering heat energy from deep surrounding rocks (1), the magnetic nano-grouting ore heat directional recovery system comprising a magnetic nano-grouting heat-conducting layer (2) arranged in the surrounding rock mass, a surrounding rock wall heat energy recovery layer (3) arranged on the inner wall of the surrounding rock for recovering heat energy directionally extracted from the magnetic nano-grouting heat-conducting layer (2), and a sprayed heat insulation layer (4) covering the surrounding rock wall heat energy recovery layer (3).

2. The multi-source heat energy directional intelligent active recovery system for tunneling tunnels according to claim 1 is characterized by: The magnetic nano-grouting heat-conducting layer (2) comprises a hollow grouting anchor rod (5) driven into the surrounding rock, and an iron-based magnetic nano-encapsulated grouting slurry (6) injected into the surrounding rock through the hollow grouting anchor rod (5) and filling the cracks and voids in the rock mass to form a heat-conducting grouting network (9). The tail end of the hollow grouting anchor rod (5) is located in the heat recovery layer (3) on the surrounding rock wall.

3. The multi-source heat energy directional intelligent active recovery system for tunneling tunnels according to claim 2 is characterized by: The front end of the hollow grouting anchor rod (5) is provided with a Hall sensor probe (10) and an isotope detector (11). The iron-based magnetic nano-encapsulated grouting slurry (6) comprises an epoxy resin grouting liquid and an isotope detector (11) mixed in the epoxy resin grouting liquid. 58 FeCo nanocube magnetic filler, a magnetic field generating device is provided in the tunnel, and the magnetic field generating device changes the magnetic field distribution of the surrounding rock mass so that 58 The orientation of the FeCo nanocube magnetic filler changes, realizing the directional intelligent active recovery of heat from the deep surrounding rock (1) in the tunnel.

4. The multi-source heat energy directional intelligent active recovery system for tunneling tunnels according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also includes a curtain-type tunnel mobile waste heat recovery system for isolating the tunnel wall from transferring heat to the dense working area (19) while absorbing the heat energy of the tunnel air.

5. The multi-source heat energy directional intelligent active recovery system for tunneling tunnels according to claim 4 is characterized by: The curtain-type tunnel mobile waste heat recovery system comprises a plurality of tarpaulin brackets (12) arranged along the tunnel extension direction and a double-layer tarpaulin (13) covering the tarpaulin brackets (12). The shape of the tarpaulin brackets (12) is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel. A movable roller (14) is provided at the bottom of each tarpaulin bracket (12). A heat exchange hose (15) that bends and extends back and forth is provided in the interlayer of the double-layer tarpaulin (13). The curtain-type tunnel mobile waste heat recovery system is located away from the excavation working face. A water inlet (16) and a water outlet (17) are provided on the side, and the two ends of the heat exchange hose (15) are respectively connected to the water inlet (16) and the water outlet (17), and the water inlet (16) and the water outlet (17) are respectively connected to the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe of the waste heat recovery water tank (18), and a heat exchange pipe is provided in the waste heat recovery water tank (18). The intensive working area (19) is located in the double-layer tarpaulin (13), and the cold air flow sent in by the wind duct (28) passes through the double-layer tarpaulin (13).

6. The multi-source heat energy directional intelligent active recovery system for tunneling tunnels according to claim 5 is characterized by: The outer side of the double-layer tarpaulin (13) is provided with a plurality of outer curtain edges (21) extending upwardly and obliquely toward the excavation working surface. The inner side of the top of the double-layer tarpaulin (13) is provided with an inner windshield edge (22) extending in the direction in front of the dense working area (19). A local dehumidifier (23) is also provided inside the double-layer tarpaulin (13) at the position of the dense working area (19).

7. The multi-source heat energy directional intelligent active recovery system for tunneling tunnels according to claim 4 is characterized by: The surrounding rock wall heat energy recovery layer (3) includes a heat-conducting outer shell (24), which is connected to the tray (7) of each hollow grouting anchor rod (5) containing a seam through a heat-conducting sheet (25). The heat-conducting outer shell (24) is provided with a heat exchange pipe (26) that bends and extends back and forth. The heat exchange pipe (26) is connected to a waste heat recovery device (29) away from the excavation working face, and a heat exchange pipe is installed in the waste heat recovery device (29).

8. The multi-source heat energy directional intelligent active recovery system for tunneling tunnels according to claim 4 is characterized by: The sprayed heat insulation layer (4) comprises a ceramsite concrete sprayed layer, wherein a metal bracket and a steel mesh are provided in the ceramsite concrete sprayed layer, and porous materials such as nano aerogel, high-temperature aluminum silicate ceramic fiber board, and biofiber are added to the ceramsite concrete sprayed layer.

9. A method for recovering multi-source heat energy in a tunneling tunnel, using the multi-source heat energy directional intelligent active recovery system for tunneling tunnels according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that: The process includes the following: A hollow grouting anchor rod (5) containing cracks is driven into the surrounding rock, and an iron-based magnetic nano-encapsulated grouting slurry (6) is injected into the surrounding rock mass through the hollow grouting anchor rod (5). The slurry fills the cracks and voids in the rock mass under the action of the grouting pressure, forming a heat-conducting grouting network (9) inside the rock mass. The heat energy of the deep surrounding rock (1) is directionally conducted away through the iron-based magnetic nano-encapsulated grouting slurry (6); A surrounding rock wall heat energy recovery layer (3) is constructed on the tunnel surrounding rock, and the conducted heat energy is recovered by utilizing the surrounding rock wall heat energy recovery layer (3). One side of the surrounding rock wall heat energy recovery layer (3) is covered with spray insulation, and the spray insulation prevents the conducted heat from being transferred into the tunnel.

10. The method for recovering multi-source heat energy in an excavation tunnel according to claim 9, characterized in that: Using an isotope detector (11) to monitor the injection of isotopes at different locations 58 The Fe concentration data was processed by wavelet transform algorithm to obtain the original isotope 58 The Fe concentration data were denoised; Based on the known geological information, a three-dimensional geological model was constructed, and the migration process of isotopes in the underground medium was simulated using the finite element method considering the underground fracture parameters. The simulation results were compared with the isotope 58 The Fe concentration data was compared and analyzed, and the location and geometric parameters of underground cracks were inverted using an optimization algorithm. Through continuous iterative calculations, the simulation results were optimally matched with the actual data, thereby determining the precise location of the grouting cracks. A Hall sensor probe (10) is used to monitor magnetic field data at different positions, and similar simulation experiments are performed to change the temperature to monitor magnetic field evolution and change the magnetic field to monitor temperature field changes, thereby obtaining several sets of simulation data. The simulation data are used for machine learning, and a magnetic field-temperature field inversion model is established. The collected magnetic field data at different positions are imported into the magnetic field-temperature field inversion model to obtain temperature field distribution. A three-dimensional heat transfer model that considers grouting cracks and temperature factors is constructed. The target area is divided into a finite number of cells, each of which is assigned corresponding thermophysical parameters. The enhancement of heat transfer by grouting cracks is also considered, and the crack characteristics are described. Based on the law of conservation of energy, a heat balance equation is established for each cell, forming a complete set of heat transfer equations. Combined with the obtained grouting crack locations and temperature field distribution, the optimal heat transfer path is solved based on this set of heat transfer equations. Combined with the obtained optimal heat transfer path, the magnetic field distribution to form the path is obtained, and the optimal magnetic field distribution is formed by using a magnetic field generating device to change the unidirectional heat transfer in the iron-based magnetic encapsulated nanomaterial. 58 The orientation of the FeCo nanocubes changes the heat conduction direction of the iron-based magnetic nano-encapsulated grouting slurry (6) to form an optimal heat conduction path; The obtained temperature field distribution and the optimal heat conduction path are combined to optimize the water injection flow and injection rate of the surrounding rock wall heat energy recovery layer (3).

Images