Zero-carbon ventilation temperature control and zero-carbon energy system

Abstract

The invention provides a zero-carbon ventilation temperature control and zero-carbon energy system. According to the system, generation of zero-carbon ventilation temperature control and zero-carbon energy is achieved mainly through the chimney effect, wind power generation and energy storage technology principles. The system mainly comprises a wind power pipeline, a wind power generator and an energy storage device, the wind power pipeline generates wind power which pushes the wind power generator to generate electricity, and the electricity is stored by the energy storage equipment for standby application. In summer, various buildings and greenhouses utilize the system to realize zero-carbon ventilation, cooling and energy storage, and the stored green energy can be used for heating in winter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to green energy and ventilation and temperature control of buildings; in particular, to ventilation and temperature control of vegetable greenhouses and breeding greenhouses in modern agriculture. Background Art

[0002] Greenhouse cultivation and farming are efficient and intensive production methods, representing the future of modern agriculture. Greenhouse cultivation not only extends the vegetable growth cycle, increasing yields and revenue, but also reduces pests and diseases. Temperature control and ventilation are essential for greenhouse production. The ideal temperature for plant growth is 5-40°C; the minimum temperature for photosynthesis is 0°C, and the optimum temperature is 20-25°C. The optimal temperature for plant growth is between 15-30°C. Furthermore, different crops have different temperature requirements. For example, temperate crops (tomatoes / lettuce) have an optimal temperature of 20-25°C, tropical crops (watermelon / phalaenopsis) have an optimal temperature of 25-35°C, and cold-tolerant crops (spinach / leek) have an optimal temperature of 15-20°C. For leafy vegetables (such as lettuce and spinach), the germination temperature should be 15-20°C (germination is hindered below 10°C or above 25°C), and the growth temperature should be 15-25°C (above 25°C, the leaves become thinner, and quality declines). For nightshades (such as tomatoes and eggplant), the germination temperature should be 25-30°C (tomatoes have difficulty germinating below 14°C), and the flowering and fruiting period should be 20-30°C (tomatoes will drop flowers at temperatures above 35°C, and eggplants will stop growing at temperatures below 15°C). During the fruit expansion period, tomato fruit should have a daytime temperature of 25-30°C and a nighttime temperature of 13-17°C for optimal fruit quality and yield. Seed germination requires higher temperatures than the growth period, and a diurnal temperature difference of 5-10°C is most beneficial for growth. Temperatures below 12°C will halt growth for most crops, while temperatures below 5°C will cause frost damage to most crops. Temperatures above 35°C inhibit growth, leading to a sharp increase in respiratory consumption, resulting in flower and fruit drop and wilting. Therefore, ensuring the appropriate temperature in the greenhouse is conducive to plant growth and improving planting efficiency.

[0003] In recent years, the number of hot summer days in northern China has continued to increase. Intense sunlight causes temperatures inside greenhouses to easily exceed 40°C, and humidity is also high. Without cooling and dehumidification measures, greenhouses are no longer suitable for planting. Winters are extremely cold, and only heating can maintain the necessary temperatures for plant growth (CN202421551791.2). Winter heating ensures the growth of greenhouse vegetables and provides essential greens for residents.

[0004] In the hot summer, using moving air (ventilation) to reduce temperature and humidity is a common method. Ventilation can also reduce disease (CN202421921413.9, CN202422177295.1, CN202421050071.8). For example, buildings all have ventilation systems, and greenhouses can also use ventilation to reduce temperature and reduce the occurrence and spread of disease.

[0005] Furthermore, the chimney effect can expel heat from the top of a building or greenhouse, drawing in fresh, cool air from outside through the bottom, creating a natural, bottom-up flow. The greater the temperature difference, the higher the vertical channel, and the stronger the airflow (for a temperature difference of 10-15°C, wind speeds can reach 4-6 m / s). The chimney effect not only promotes air flow and ventilation, but also accelerates cooling and improves wind power generation efficiency. Summer temperatures are high, especially inside greenhouses, which are significantly higher than the temperature that plants can tolerate. Installing a wind duct to create a chimney effect effectively drives air flow inside and outside the greenhouse, achieving cooling. Installing a wind turbine within the duct can generate electricity. The same principle and device can be used in other buildings to achieve efficient cooling, ventilation, and green electricity generation. The electricity generated by the chimney effect can be used directly or stored using energy storage equipment. This stored energy can provide zero-carbon energy to users in different locations and at different times of the year. For example, it can be stored in spring, summer, and autumn for winter heating, or stored at one location for transmission to another.

[0006] According to the principle of wind energy conversion, the power calculation formula of a wind turbine is as follows (WIND ENERGY CONVERSION THEORY, BETZ EQUATION. M. Ragheb. 2021-02-23): P = 0.5 ρ • A • v 3 • Cp P is the wind turbine output power (unit: Watt, W); ρ is the air density (unit: kilograms per cubic meter, kg / m 3 ); A is the swept area of ​​the wind wheel (unit: square meters, m 2 ), for horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWT), A = π • R 2 (R is the blade radius); for vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT), A = 2R • H (R is the blade radius, H is the blade height); v is the wind speed (unit: meters per second, m / s); Cp It is the wind energy utilization coefficient, which indicates the wind energy conversion efficiency. Its theoretical limit is 0.593 (Betz limit), and it is usually between 0.25 and 0.47.

[0007] This formula shows that the power of a wind turbine is proportional to the air density, the rotor swept area, and the cube of the wind speed. In recent years, wind turbines of various shapes have emerged, ranging from large wind turbines to fist-sized miniature wind turbines. The starting wind speed for a wind turbine is 2-3 m / s. The length of the wind duct, the size of the air inlet and outlet, and the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet all affect the wind strength, which can be expressed using the following formula.

[0008] Airflow intensity formula:

[0009] A 1. A 2 is the wind inlet and outlet area, H is the height difference between the inlet and outlet, t n and t w are the temperatures of the inside and outside air respectively.

[0010] It can be seen that the longer the wind duct, the greater the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the building or greenhouse, the stronger the airflow accelerates along the vertical channel, the stronger the wind force generated, and the more electricity generated; that is, the wind duct can affect the size of the wind force and the amount of electricity generated.

[0011] Energy storage technologies include battery storage, phase change storage, sensible heat storage, chemical storage, mechanical storage, compressed air storage, thermal storage, and reservoir storage. Chemical thermal storage technologies, such as these, offer long-term, inter-seasonal energy storage, allowing for summer storage and winter use (CN201910167308.8 Medium-Temperature Inter-Seasonal Thermal Storage Materials). The stored energy can be provided to users as both electricity and heat, enabling winter heating.

[0012] Traditional ventilation and cooling are accomplished using electric fans and refrigeration equipment, and winter heating uses fossil fuel combustion to provide heat; the use of fuel not only emits pollutants, but is also uneconomical. Low-carbon and zero-carbon production and life are the needs of human development. In order to solve these problems, the present invention provides a new type of zero-carbon temperature control and ventilation system; it not only solves the problems of temperature control and ventilation and related energy consumption, reduces the required related expenses, but also can generate green energy, and provide technology for zero-emission production and life. The chimney effect is used to generate power to accelerate air flow, cool down, and drive wind turbines to generate electricity, and then energy storage technology equipment is used to store the electricity generated by wind power. The stored energy provides zero-carbon energy for winter heating, etc., thereby constructing a zero-carbon technology system of ducted wind + wind power + energy storage. This system can not only solve the practical problems of ventilation and temperature control, but also produce zero-carbon electricity to achieve green production and life. Summary of the Invention

[0013] The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel zero-carbon temperature control and ventilation system, as well as a zero-carbon energy technology system. This system utilizes the chimney effect to promote air flow, harnesses wind power to drive wind turbines to generate green electricity, and utilizes energy storage technology to store the electricity generated by the wind turbines, thereby creating a zero-carbon temperature control and ventilation system. This zero-carbon system provides both zero-energy cooling and ventilation, as well as electricity generation. This addresses the carbon and pollutant emissions associated with temperature control and ventilation, while also reducing fuel costs. It provides zero-energy cooling and ventilation in the summer and zero-carbon energy for heating in the winter. The energy storage technology stores the electricity generated by summer ventilation and cooling, which can also be used for winter heating, addressing the issue of unstable wind power generation. The zero-carbon technology of this invention can be represented by the following formula.

[0014] Ducted air + wind turbine + energy storage = zero-carbon temperature control + zero-carbon ventilation + zero-carbon energy The zero-carbon technology of the present invention is: a zero-carbon technology system for temperature control and ventilation, which mainly includes wind pipes, wind turbines and energy storage equipment; the main technical principles of the present invention include chimney effect, wind power generation and energy storage; it is an integration of multiple disciplines and technologies.

[0015] The wind duct creates a chimney effect. There are air inlets and outlets at both ends of the duct, generating wind power. This wind power drives the wind turbine to generate electricity, which is then transmitted to the energy storage device, which stores and releases energy. The air inlet of the wind duct is inside the building or greenhouse, and the air outlet of the wind duct is outside the building; the blades of the wind turbine are driven by the wind generated by the wind duct to generate electricity; The electricity generated by wind turbines is transmitted to energy storage equipment to complete energy storage and backup; long-term energy storage technology equipment can store energy in spring, summer and autumn, and release energy in winter for winter heating; the stored energy can be provided to users in the form of electricity and heat, and can be used for zero-carbon heating in winter.

[0016] Furthermore, the wind duct can be of various shapes, including cylindrical and square columns, etc.; the wind duct can have one or more air inlets, for example, each floor is provided with one air inlet.

[0017] Furthermore, the wind duct may have multiple air outlets.

[0018] Furthermore, the length of the wind duct is determined by actual demand, the sizes of the air inlet and outlet are calculated based on the power generation and air flow, and the cross-sectional size of the air duct is determined by calculation and demand.

[0019] Furthermore, the wind power duct has a flow regulating valve therein, which can adjust the air flow and can also be fully closed.

[0020] Furthermore, the number of wind ducts installed in buildings and greenhouses can be more than one.

[0021] Furthermore, the buildings can be various types of buildings, and the greenhouses can be various types of greenhouses, such as waiting rooms, airport waiting rooms, classrooms for students, conference rooms, and factory buildings.

[0022] Furthermore, the wind turbine can be placed at the top of the wind duct or in the middle of the wind duct, and the wind force in the duct drives the blades of the wind turbine to rotate, thereby driving the generator to generate electricity; one wind duct can drive one wind turbine to generate electricity, or it can drive two or more wind turbines to generate electricity.

[0023] Furthermore, the energy storage device is used to store electricity generated by the wind turbine, and the energy storage device is selected from battery energy storage, phase change energy storage, sensible heat (molten salt) energy storage, chemical energy storage, mechanical energy storage, compressed air energy storage, ammonia energy storage, hydrogen energy storage, chemical heat storage, and reservoir energy storage. Compressed air energy storage, ammonia energy storage, hydrogen energy storage, batteries, chemical heat storage, and chemical energy storage technologies are long-term energy storage technologies.

[0024] Furthermore, the energy storage technology equipment is preferably a long-term energy storage technology equipment, and sensible heat energy storage equipment and latent heat energy storage equipment may also be selected.

[0025] Furthermore, the energy storage technology equipment can use hydrogen energy storage, that is, using the electricity generated by the wind turbine to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen, complete energy storage, and the hydrogen combustion provides heat energy.

[0026] Furthermore, the energy storage technology equipment can both store energy and release energy; the energy storage equipment can supply thermal energy as well as electrical energy.

[0027] The novelty of this invention lies in the use of the chimney effect, wind power generation and energy storage technology principles to achieve the generation and efficient utilization of zero-carbon energy; it is an integration of technologies from multiple disciplines; it ventilates and cools without energy consumption while producing electricity; and it uses energy storage technology to solve the spatial and temporal problems between energy and users.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: the zero-carbon energy system integrates chimney-effect driven wind power generation and utilizes energy storage technology to store the electricity generated by wind turbines, providing users with zero-carbon energy. This zero-carbon technology can provide both ventilation and cooling in the summer and zero-carbon energy for heating in the winter. The zero-carbon system can generate green energy, eliminate carbon and pollutant emissions, and reduce costs. The energy storage device can solve both the spatial distance between energy and users and the time issue of energy use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the zero-carbon energy system of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the greenhouse, wind duct and wind power generation system of the present invention.

[0031] As shown in the figure: 1. Air inlet; 2. Wind duct; 3. Air outlet; 4. Blades and impeller of wind turbine; 5. Linkage shaft between blades and generator; 6. Wind turbine; 7. Cable; 8. Energy storage and release device; 9. User; 10. Greenhouse; 11. Flow regulating valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the contents of the present invention more clearly explained and understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] In practice, wind ducts are installed in appropriate locations within a building, with the air inlet near the top of the ventilation space and the outlet positioned as needed. The blades of the wind turbine are installed within the duct or at the outlet, allowing the wind to efficiently rotate the impeller, which in turn drives the generator to generate electricity. This electricity can be used directly or stored in an energy storage device, which can then be released for use when needed.

[0034] Example 1, Combined with attachment Figure 1 and Figure 2 , when the present invention is specifically implemented: The wind power pipeline is used in combination with the greenhouse, the air inlet is located at the upper portion inside the greenhouse, the air outlet is located outside the greenhouse, and the wind power generator is installed in the wind power pipeline; the generated power is equipped with a chemical heat storage technology to complete cross-season heat storage, and the stored energy in spring, summer and autumn is used for winter heating of the greenhouse.

[0035] Embodiment 2, in combination with the drawings Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the present application in the specific implementation: The wind power pipeline is used in combination with the greenhouse, the air inlet is located at the upper portion inside the greenhouse, the air outlet is located outside the greenhouse, and the wind power generator is installed in the wind power pipeline; the generated power is equipped with a chemical heat storage technology to complete cross-season heat storage, and the stored energy in spring, summer and autumn is used for winter heating of the greenhouse.

[0036] Embodiment 3, in combination with the drawings Figure 1 , the present application in the specific implementation: The wind power pipeline is used in combination with the classroom of the school, the air inlet is located at the upper portion inside the classroom, the air outlet is located outside the teaching building, one air duct is shared by the classrooms on the upper and lower floors, the air duct opens one air inlet in each classroom on each floor, and the wind power generator is installed at the air outlet at the top of the wind power pipeline; the generated power is used for classroom lighting, the excess power is equipped with a chemical heat storage technology to complete cross-season heat storage, and the stored energy can be used for winter heating. The excess power can also be stored by a battery.

[0037] Embodiment 4, in combination with the drawings Figure 1 , the present application in the specific implementation: The wind power pipeline is used in combination with the waiting room of the station, the air inlet is located inside the waiting room, the air outlet is located outside the waiting room, and the wind power generator is installed at the air outlet of the wind power pipeline; the generated power is used for lighting of the waiting room, the excess power is equipped with a chemical heat storage technology to complete cross-season heat storage, and the stored energy can be used for winter heating. The excess power can also be stored by a battery.

[0038] Embodiment 5, in combination with the drawings Figure 1 , the present application in the specific implementation: The wind power pipeline is used in combination with the factory building, the air inlet is located inside the factory building, the air outlet is located outside the factory building, and the wind power generator is installed at the air outlet at the top of the wind power pipeline; the generated power is used for the factory building, and the excess power is used for electrolysis of water to prepare hydrogen gas, and the hydrogen gas combustion provides heat energy. The excess power can also be stored by a battery.

[0039] The above implementation cases are only used to illustrate the technical features and applications of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any technical modifications or substitutions that occur within the spirit of the technical solution involved in the present invention and the scope of the claims belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A zero-carbon ventilation and temperature control and zero-carbon energy system. The technical features of the present invention are: the zero-carbon ventilation and temperature control system is mainly composed of a wind duct, a wind turbine and an energy storage device; the wind duct generates wind power, which drives the wind turbine to generate electricity, and the energy storage device stores electricity for backup.

2. According to the zero-carbon ventilation and temperature control and zero-carbon energy system described in claim 1, the technical feature of the present invention is that the zero-carbon ventilation and temperature control and zero-carbon energy system is mainly composed of a wind duct and a wind generator; the wind duct generates wind power, and the wind power drives the wind generator to generate electricity.

3. According to the zero-carbon ventilation and temperature control and zero-carbon energy system described in claims 1 and 2, the technical feature of the present invention is that the wind duct has an air inlet and an air outlet.

4. A zero-carbon ventilation and temperature control and zero-carbon energy system according to claim 1, the technical feature of the present invention is that: the energy storage device is selected from batteries, phase change energy storage, sensible heat energy storage, chemical energy storage, mechanical energy storage, compressed air energy storage, ammonia energy storage, hydrogen energy storage, chemical heat storage and reservoir energy storage; compressed air energy storage, ammonia energy storage, hydrogen energy storage, chemical heat storage and chemical energy storage technology equipment are preferred.

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