Large-diameter high-pressure-resistant glass fiber reinforced plastic tank and processing technology thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pressure vessels, and particularly relates to a large-diameter high-pressure-resistant glass fiber reinforced plastic tank and a processing technology thereof.The glass fiber reinforced plastic tank comprises a barrel and flanges, the barrel comprises a barrel-shaped base body layer and first winding layers, the first winding layers are wound on the outer side of the base body layer, and the flanges are arranged on the first winding layers; the flange comprises a prefabricated layer and a second winding layer located on the outer side of the prefabricated layer, the second winding layer located on the shoulder portion of the flange and the first winding layer located on the peripheral side of the polar hole of the cylinder are alternately arranged, and the prefabricated layer of the flange and the cylinder are integrally formed by means of alternate arrangement of the first winding layer and the second winding layer. A flange integral forming process is adopted, the prefabricated layer of the flange is arranged in the first winding layer of the cylinder, and a mechanical interlocking structure is formed by the second winding layer and the first winding layer of the flange, so that the anti-stripping strength of the flange and the tank body is remarkably improved, and the stripping strength is improved by more than three times; and the problem of flange debonding in a high-pressure working scene is effectively prevented.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of pressure vessels, and particularly relates to a large-diameter high-pressure glass steel tank and a processing technology thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the improvement of large-scale production demand, large-diameter glass steel pressure tanks with a diameter greater than 3m are widely demanded, and the single-tank volume can reach 50-500m 3 , which can meet the large-scale medium storage and reaction demand.

[0003] However, the glass steel pressure tank itself has limitations in pressure resistance, sealing performance and long-term stability. With the increase of the diameter of the glass steel tank, the pressure received by the glass steel tank also increases, and the defects of the glass steel tank in the winding process and the flange assembly mode are more prominent.

[0004] In the prior art, the cylinder body is first manufactured, then the formed flange is placed in the polar hole area of the cylinder body and bonded with the edge of the cylinder body by using an adhesive, and then the cylinder body and the flange are fixed by winding with glass fibers.

[0005] However, the connection surface of the cylinder body and the flange of the glass steel tank manufactured by this method is difficult to ensure complete adhesion, and small gaps are easy to appear under pressure, which leads to the flange being easily separated from the cylinder body, thereby restricting the performance improvement of the glass steel pressure tank. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the application provides a large-diameter high-pressure glass steel tank and a processing technology thereof. The flange is integrally formed by using a flange integral forming process, the preformed layer of the flange is included in the first winding layer of the cylinder body, and the second winding layer of the flange and the first winding layer form a mechanical interlocking structure, thereby significantly improving the peel strength of the flange and the tank body, the peel strength is improved by more than three times, and the problem of flange debonding under high pressure working conditions is effectively prevented.

[0007] The specific technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: A large-diameter high-pressure glass steel tank, comprising a cylinder body and a flange located at the end of the cylinder body, the cylinder body comprises a base layer and a first winding layer in a cylindrical shape, the first winding layer is wound with multiple layers on the outside of the base layer, the flange comprises a preformed layer and a second winding layer located outside the preformed layer, the second winding layer located at the shoulder of the flange is alternately arranged with the first winding layer located at the circumferential side of the polar hole of the cylinder body, and the preformed layer of the flange is integrally formed with the cylinder body by means of the alternate arrangement of the first winding layer and the second winding layer.

[0008] The base layer is glass cloth, the material of the first winding layer and the second winding layer is the same and is a fiber reinforced body, and the fiber reinforced body is a glass fiber winding yarn with a composite resin infiltrated on the surface.

[0009] Calculated by mass percentage, the content of the composite resin in the fiber reinforcement is 28%-32%.

[0010] The composite resin comprises, by mass, 80-120 parts of a main resin, 18-22 parts of a toughening agent, 1.5-2.5 parts of a curing accelerator, and 1-2 parts of an anti-aging additive; The main resin includes one or more of polyurethane epoxy resin, phenolic resin and vinyl resin.

[0011] The surface of the flange is also provided with a ply, which includes a surface mat and a chopped strand mat. The surface mat is located on the outside of the chopped strand mat. The glass fiber density of the chopped strand mat is 450g / cm 2 The resin content of the chopped strand mat is 75%, and the glass fiber density of the surface mat is 30g / cm 2 , the resin content of the surface felt cloth is 90%.

[0012] The ply comprises at least two layers of surface felt and three layers of chopped strand mat, wherein the surface felt is located above the chopped strand mat.

[0013] The sealing end of the flange is provided with a sealing groove for the sealing ring to be fitted and fixed. The cross section of the sealing ring is a trapezoidal structure, with the narrow end of the sealing ring facing the bottom of the sealing groove. The gap between the sealing ring and the sealing groove forms a compensation cavity.

[0014] An exhaust pipe is provided inside the cylinder, one end of the exhaust pipe is fixed to the inside of the cylinder, and the other side of the exhaust pipe extends along the outlet side of the flange and communicates with the external environment.

[0015] The processing technology specifically includes the following steps: S1, wrapping glass cloth onto a cylindrical mold to form a base layer; S2. Using a CNC winding machine, the fiber reinforcement is wound around the mold along an inclined angle. The fiber reinforcement is wound at both ends of the base layer using a multi-stage hole gradient winding process to form the extreme hole area of ​​the cylinder; S3. Place the prefabricated layer of the flange at the pole hole of the cylinder, and then continue to wrap the mold with the fiber reinforcement at an inclined angle, alternately wrapping the first winding layer and the second winding layer to complete the molding of the FRP tank.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Therefore, the present invention adopts a flange integrated molding process, includes the prefabricated layer of the flange into the first winding layer of the cylinder, and uses the second winding layer of the flange and the first winding layer to form a mechanical interlocking structure, thereby significantly improving the peeling strength between the flange and the tank body. The peeling strength is increased by more than three times, effectively preventing the flange from debonding under high-pressure working scenarios.

[0017] The fiberglass tank in the present invention is designed to withstand a pressure of 7MPa, with a safety factor of 5, the flange pressure bearing capacity is increased to more than 10MPa, and the weight is reduced by 50%. It is suitable for lightweight high-pressure scenarios such as high-pressure gas and liquid energy storage.

[0018] 2. The cylinder of the present invention adopts a composite structure formed by high-strength glass fiber winding yarn and glass cloth, wherein the glass fiber winding yarn provides axial strength and the glass cloth enhances radial shear resistance, and the two work together to improve the overall mechanical properties.

[0019] 3. The setting of the compensation cavity in the present invention enables the sealing ring of the trapezoidal structure to automatically compensate for deformation under high pressure, ensuring uniform contact of the sealing surface of the flange. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the flange and cylinder connection area; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the flange sealing end of part A; In the accompanying drawings, 1. Cylinder, 101. Base layer, 102. First winding layer, 2. Flange, 201. Prefabricated layer, 202. Second winding layer, 3. Lamination, 301. Surface felt, 302. Chopped strand felt, 4. Sealing groove, 5. Sealing ring, 6. Exhaust pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Specific embodiments, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the present invention provides a large-diameter, high-pressure fiberglass tank, comprising a cylinder 1 and a flange 2 located at the end of the cylinder 1, wherein the cylinder 1 comprises a cylindrical base layer 101 and a first winding layer 102, wherein the first winding layer 102 is wound with multiple layers on the outside of the base layer 101, and the flange 2 comprises a prefabricated layer 201 and a second winding layer 202 located on the outside of the prefabricated layer 201, wherein the second winding layer 202 located on the shoulder of the flange 2 is alternately arranged with the first winding layer 102 located on the circumferential side of the pole hole of the cylinder 1, and the prefabricated layer 201 of the flange 2 is integrally formed with the cylinder 1 by means of the alternating arrangement of the first winding layer 102 and the second winding layer 202.

[0022] In the prior art, the cylinder 1 is generally manufactured first, and then the formed flange 2 is directly placed in the pole area of ​​the cylinder 1 and bonded to the edge of the cylinder 1 with an adhesive. Glass fiber is then used to continue winding to secure the cylinder 1 and the flange 2. However, the FRP tank manufactured by this method has difficulty in ensuring that the connection surface between the cylinder 1 and the flange 2 is completely in contact. Under the action of pressure, a small gap is easily formed, which causes the flange 2 to easily separate from the cylinder 1, restricting the performance improvement of the FRP pressure tank.

[0023] Therefore, the present invention adopts the flange 2 integral molding process, such as Figure 2 As shown, the prefabricated layer 201 of the flange 2 is included in the first winding layer 102 of the cylinder 1, and the second winding layer 202 of the flange 2 and the first winding layer 102 form a mechanical interlocking structure, thereby significantly improving the peeling strength between the flange 2 and the tank body. The peeling strength is increased by more than three times, effectively preventing the flange 2 from debonding under high-pressure working scenarios.

[0024] The prefabricated layer 201 and the second winding layer 202 of the flange 2 are each 50 mm thick, and the glass fiber of the prefabricated layer 201 and the glass fiber of the second winding layer 202 are integrated. The flange 2 is first prefabricated with glass fiber and then continues to be wound around the prefabricated layer 201. However, at this time, the glass fiber used for winding the cylinder 1 is also wound to the side of the flange 2 located at the pole hole, and the glass fiber used for winding the flange 2 and the glass fiber used for winding the cylinder 1 are alternately wound with each other, and finally the first winding layer 102 and the second winding layer 202 are mechanically interlocked.

[0025] The base layer 101 is glass cloth. The first winding layer 102 and the second winding layer 202 are made of the same material and are both fiber reinforced. The fiber reinforcement is glass fiber winding yarn with a surface impregnated with composite resin.

[0026] Calculated by mass percentage, the content of the composite resin in the fiber reinforcement is 28%-32%.

[0027] The composite resin comprises, by mass, 80-120 parts of a main resin, 18-22 parts of a toughening agent, 1.5-2.5 parts of a curing accelerator, and 1-2 parts of an anti-aging additive; The main resin includes one or more of polyurethane epoxy resin, phenolic resin and vinyl resin.

[0028] The cylinder 1 in the present invention adopts a composite structure formed by high-strength glass fiber winding yarn and glass cloth, wherein the glass fiber winding yarn provides axial strength and the glass cloth enhances radial shear resistance, and the two synergistically improve the overall mechanical properties.

[0029] After the glass fiber yarn is impregnated with composite resin, a chemical bond forms at the fiber-resin interface, encapsulating the fibers to form a single, force-bearing unit while also insulating them from corrosion. Furthermore, the resin fully fills the interstices between the fibers and forms a uniform interfacial transition layer, maximizing the synergistic force-bearing efficiency of the fiber and resin. This effectively resists radial bulging deformation in large-diameter tanks subject to significant hoop stress.

[0030] This formulation achieves a tensile modulus of 50 GPa, over 40% higher than conventional resins, while also offering excellent chemical and fatigue resistance. Furthermore, the material cost is 30% lower than carbon steel tanks, and the service life is extended to over 15 years.

[0031] The surface of the flange 2 is also provided with a ply 3, which includes a surface mat 301 and a chopped strand mat 302. The surface mat 301 is located on the outside of the chopped strand mat 302. The glass fiber density of the chopped strand mat 302 is 450 g / cm2, and the resin content of the chopped strand mat 302 is 75%. The glass fiber density of the surface mat 301 is 30 g / cm2, and the resin content of the surface mat 301 is 90%.

[0032] The ply 3 includes at least two layers of surface felt 301 and three layers of chopped strand mat 302 . The surface felt 301 is located above the chopped strand mat 302 .

[0033] Layer 3 solves the cracking problem caused by stress concentration in the connection area between the cylinder 1 and the flange 2. Since the connection area between the cylinder 1 and the flange 2 is a corner, stress concentration is prone to occur. Therefore, layer 3 forms a wrap-around stress dispersion structure. Layer 3 covers the stress concentration area where the shoulder of the flange 2 connects to the cylinder 1. When the tank is under pressure, layer 3 can absorb the radial load through its own deformation, avoiding the initiation of fatigue cracks under repeated pressure shocks.

[0034] The glass fiber density of the chopped strand mat 302 is high, providing high shear strength to adapt to the stress concentration when the flange 2 is connected to the pipe; the resin content of the surface mat 301 is high, which improves the surface density and forms a fine network protective layer.

[0035] The sealing end of the flange 2 is provided with a sealing groove 4 for the sealing ring 5 to be fitted and fixed. The cross section of the sealing ring 5 is a trapezoidal structure, with the narrow end of the sealing ring 5 facing the bottom of the sealing groove 4. The gap between the sealing ring 5 and the sealing groove 4 forms a compensation cavity.

[0036] The sealing groove 4 is a double-channel O-ring groove, and the sealing ring 5 is made of customized fluororubber with a hardness of Shore A80-A90. The surface of the sealing ring 5 is coated with a nano-hydrophobic coating to reduce the friction coefficient and prevent high-pressure medium penetration.

[0037] The above sealing structure can maintain no leakage for 24 hours under a pressure of 30MPa, and the sealing life is extended by 5 times compared with the traditional structure.

[0038] The setting of the compensation cavity enables the sealing ring 5 of the trapezoidal structure to automatically compensate for deformation under high pressure, ensuring uniform contact of the sealing surface of the flange 2.

[0039] An exhaust pipe 6 is provided inside the cylinder 1 , one end of the exhaust pipe 6 is fixed to the inside of the cylinder 1 , and the other side of the exhaust pipe 6 extends along the outlet side of the flange 2 and communicates with the external environment.

[0040] The processing technology specifically includes the following steps: S1, wrapping glass cloth onto a cylindrical mold to form a base layer 101; S2. Using a CNC winding machine, the fiber reinforcement is wound around the mold along an inclined angle. The fiber reinforcement is wound around both ends of the base layer 101 using a multi-stage hole gradient winding process to form the extreme hole area of ​​the cylinder 1. S3. Place the prefabricated layer 201 of the flange 2 at the pole hole of the cylinder 1, and then continue to use the fiber reinforcement to wrap the mold at an inclined angle, alternately wrapping the first winding layer 102 and the second winding layer 202 to complete the molding of the glass fiber reinforced plastic tank.

[0041] After forming, the FRP tank needs to be cured at a temperature of at least 80°C for at least 3 hours. This curing process can improve the mechanical properties of the FRP tank by more than 25%. The present invention reduces the failure rate of FRP tanks to less than 0.5% by integrating the flange 2 with the sealing structure.

Claims

1. A large-diameter, high-pressure glass fiber reinforced plastic tank, comprising a cylinder (1) and a flange (2) located at the end of the cylinder (1), characterized in that: The cylinder (1) comprises a cylindrical base layer (101) and a first winding layer (102), wherein the first winding layer (102) is wound with multiple layers on the outside of the base layer (101), and the flange (2) comprises a prefabricated layer (201) and a second winding layer (202) located outside the prefabricated layer (201), wherein the second winding layer (202) located on the shoulder of the flange (2) and the first winding layer (102) located on the side around the pole hole of the cylinder (1) are alternately arranged, and the prefabricated layer (201) of the flange (2) is integrally formed with the cylinder (1) by means of the alternating arrangement of the first winding layer (102) and the second winding layer (202).

2. A large diameter high pressure glass fiber reinforced plastic tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base layer (101) is glass cloth, the first winding layer (102) and the second winding layer (202) are made of the same material and are both fiber reinforcements, and the fiber reinforcements are glass fiber winding yarns with composite resin impregnated on the surface.

3. A large diameter high pressure glass fiber reinforced plastic tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: Calculated by mass percentage, the content of the composite resin in the fiber reinforcement is 28%-32%.

4. A large diameter high pressure glass fiber reinforced plastic tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: The composite resin comprises, by mass, 80-120 parts of a main resin, 18-22 parts of a toughening agent, 1.5-2.5 parts of a curing accelerator, and 1-2 parts of an anti-aging additive; The main resin includes one or more of polyurethane epoxy resin, phenolic resin and vinyl resin.

5. The large-diameter high-pressure glass fiber reinforced plastic tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the flange (2) is further provided with a ply (3), the ply (3) comprising a surface felt (301) and a chopped strand felt (302), the surface felt (301) being located outside the chopped strand felt (302), the glass fiber density of the chopped strand felt (302) being 450 g / cm 2 The resin content of the chopped strand mat (302) is 75%, and the glass fiber density of the surface mat (301) is 30 g / cm 2 , the resin content of the surface felt cloth (301) is 90%.

6. A large diameter high pressure glass fiber reinforced plastic tank according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ply (3) comprises at least two layers of surface felt (301) and three layers of chopped strand felt (302), wherein the surface felt (301) is located above the chopped strand felt (302).

7. The large-diameter high-pressure glass fiber reinforced plastic tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing end of the flange (2) is provided with a sealing groove (4) for the sealing ring (5) to be fitted and fixed. The cross section of the sealing ring (5) is a trapezoidal structure, the narrow end of the sealing ring (5) faces the bottom of the sealing groove (4), and the gap between the sealing ring (5) and the sealing groove (4) forms a compensation cavity.

8. The large-diameter high-pressure glass fiber reinforced plastic tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust pipe (6) is provided inside the cylinder (1), one end of the exhaust pipe (6) is fixed to the inside of the cylinder (1), and the other side of the exhaust pipe (6) extends along the outlet side of the flange (2) and communicates with the external environment.

9. A processing technology for large diameter high pressure glass fiber reinforced plastic tanks, used to manufacture the large diameter high pressure glass fiber reinforced plastic tanks as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The processing technology specifically includes the following steps: S1, wrapping glass cloth onto a cylindrical mold to form a base layer (101); S2. Using a CNC winding machine, the fiber reinforcement is wound around the mold along an inclined angle, and the fiber reinforcement is wound at both ends of the base layer (101) using a multi-stage hole gradient winding process to form the extreme hole area of ​​the cylinder (1); S3. Place the prefabricated layer (201) of the flange at the pole hole of the cylinder, and then continue to use the fiber reinforcement to wrap the mold at an inclined angle, alternately wrapping the first winding layer (102) and the second winding layer (202) to complete the molding of the glass fiber reinforced plastic tank.

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