Multifunctional soil sample microscopic sampling instrument and soil sample manufacturing method

Abstract

The invention provides a multifunctional soil sample microscopic sampling instrument and a soil sample manufacturing method, and the multifunctional soil sample microscopic sampling instrument comprises a base which is provided with a stand column and an operation table; a cross beam is arranged on the stand column; a hollow drill is arranged at the tail end of the cross beam; the hollow drill is used for drilling a soil sample; a clamping plate and a motor are arranged on the operation table. The clamping plate is used for clamping a soil sample; the pushing rod is used for pushing a soil column in the hollow drill upwards; the motor is connected with the blade; the blade is used for cutting the soil column; the operating platform is also provided with an infrared light sensing system; the infrared light sensing system comprises an infrared emitter and a display screen. According to the invention, high-precision, standardized and automatic preparation of the soil sample can be realized, and the sample requirements of various analysis methods such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and microscopic computed tomography (mu-CT) can be met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a multifunctional soil sample micro-sampling instrument, in particular to a multifunctional soil sample micro-sampling instrument and a soil sample preparation method, and belongs to the field of soil sample preparation. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of soil science, geotechnical engineering and environmental science, the demand for research on the internal microstructure of soil is increasing. Modern analysis techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) play an important role in the study of soil microstructure, but these analysis methods have very high requirements for the preparation accuracy and quality of samples.

[0003] The existing sample preparation methods have many limitations: the traditional manual cutting and drilling method has low precision and cannot guarantee the geometric shape and size accuracy of the sample; the sample preparation process is easy to cause artificial disturbance to the soil structure, affecting the authenticity of the microstructure; there is a lack of standardized preparation process, and the sample quality is difficult to control; the existing equipment has single function and cannot meet the diversified demand of different analysis methods for sample specifications; the sample preparation efficiency is low and cannot meet the needs of batch preparation; the equipment is large in size and heavy in weight, which is not conducive to field operation and transfer between laboratories; there is a lack of automatic control system, and the operation precision depends on manual experience, with poor reproducibility.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the application adopts a compact structure design and infrared photosensitive automatic control technology to realize high-precision, standardized and automated soil sample preparation, meeting the sample requirements of SEM, XRD, μ-CT and other analysis methods. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the application provides a multifunctional soil sample micro-sampling instrument and a soil sample preparation method to solve or alleviate the technical problems in the prior art and at least provide a beneficial choice.

[0006] The technical scheme of the embodiment of the application is as follows: a multifunctional soil sample micro-sampling instrument, comprising: a base provided with a stand and an operation table respectively; a cross beam is arranged on the stand; a hollow drill is arranged at the end of the cross beam; the hollow drill is used for drilling soil samples; a clamping plate and a motor are arranged on the operation table respectively; the clamping plate is used for clamping soil samples; a push rod is used for pushing the soil column in the hollow drill upward; the motor is connected with a blade; the blade is used for cutting the soil column; the operation table is further provided with an infrared photosensitive system; the infrared photosensitive system comprises an infrared emitter and a display screen.

[0007] Further preferably, the upright column is extendable and retractable; the crossbeam is extendable and retractable; the clamping plate is adjustable; and the hollow drill is opposite to the clamping plate.

[0008] Further preferably, an anti-slip texture layer is provided on the inner side of the splint.

[0009] Further preferably, the infrared emitter is arranged directly above the push rod.

[0010] Further preferably, a drill button and a push button are further provided on the display screen; the drill button is electrically connected to the hollow drill; and the push button is electrically connected to the push rod.

[0011] Based on the same concept, a soil sample preparation method applied to the multifunctional soil sample micro-sampler as described above is also provided, and the soil sample preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0012] S1: Soil fixation: The target soil sample is placed in an adjustable clamping plate, and the distance between the clamping plates is adjusted to achieve stress-free fixation of the soil sample;

[0013] S2: Drilling positioning: adjusting the height of the retractable column and the length of the retractable crossbeam so that the hollow drill is precisely positioned above the soil sample;

[0014] S3: Vertical drilling: Start the hollow drill to drill vertically downward. The drilling depth for scanning electron microscopy samples is 5-10 mm, the drilling depth for X-ray diffraction analysis samples is 10-15 mm, and the drilling depth for micro-computed tomography samples is 15-25 mm.

[0015] S4: Sample pushing: After the pushing rod is aligned, the lifting height of the soil column is detected in real time through the infrared transmitter. When the preset thickness is reached, the pushing is automatically stopped with a positioning accuracy of ±0.05mm.

[0016] S5: Precision cutting: Adjust the rotating blade to the bottom of the soil column and use the motor to drive the high-speed rotating blade to complete the cutting;

[0017] S6: Sample processing: The cut samples are subjected to gold plating, grinding or drying and sealing treatment.

[0018] Further preferably, the S4 specifically includes: an infrared transmitter emitting infrared rays to the jacking soil column and receiving a reflected signal; converting the jacking height in real time by calculating the distance between the transmitter and the soil column; and the automatic controller immediately stopping the jacking rod when the preset thickness is reached.

[0019] Further preferably, the S5 specifically includes: the cutting plane of the rotating blade is kept perpendicular to the axis of the soil column, the cutting speed is 500-3000 rpm; and the cutting surface roughness is Ra0.8 μm.

[0020] Further preferably, the positioning adjustment in S2 and S4 is achieved by cooperating the vertical precision adjustment mechanism of the telescopic column and the horizontal slide rail mechanism of the telescopic beam to realize three-dimensional positioning.

[0021] Further preferably, the stress-free fixation of S1 is achieved by an adjustable clamping plate to achieve uniform distribution of clamping force, and an anti-slip texture layer is provided on the inner side of the clamping plate.

[0022] The embodiment of the present application adopts the above technical solution, which has the following advantages:

[0023] A multifunctional soil micro-sampler and soil sample preparation method are proposed, which can realize high-precision, standardized and automated soil sample preparation and meet the sample requirements of various analytical methods such as SEM, XRD, and μ-CT.

[0024] The above summary is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments and features described above, further aspects, embodiments and features of the present application will be readily apparent by reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or technical descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a front view of the multifunctional soil sample micro sampler described in this application.

[0027] Figure 2 This is an axonometric view of the multifunctional soil micro-sampler described in this application.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the soil sample preparation method described in this application.

[0029] Explanation of the accompanying figures: 1. Base; 2. Column; 3. Beam; 4. Operating table; 5. Clamp; 6. Hollow drill; 7. Soil sample; 8. Push rod; 9. Blade; 10. Infrared emitter; 11. Motor; 12. Display; 13. Drill button; 14. Push button. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Hereinafter, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not restrictive.

[0031] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides Figure 1-2 As shown, a multifunctional soil sample 7 microscopic sampler includes: a base 1, the base 1 is respectively provided with a column 2 and an operating table 4; the column 2 is provided with a crossbeam 3; the end of the crossbeam 3 is provided with a hollow drill 6; the hollow drill 6 is used to drill the soil sample 7; the operating table 4 is respectively provided with a clamping plate 5 and a motor 11; the clamping plate 5 is used to clamp the soil sample 7; the pushing rod 8 is used to push the soil column in the hollow drill 6 upward; the motor 11 is connected to the blade 9; the blade 9 is used to cut the soil column; the operating table 4 is also provided with an infrared sensing system; the infrared sensing system includes an infrared emitter 10 and a display screen 12.

[0033] Further preferably, the upright column 2 is retractable; the crossbeam 3 is retractable; the splint 5 is adjustable; and the hollow drill 6 is opposite to the splint 5 .

[0034] Further preferably, an anti-slip texture layer is provided on the inner side of the splint 5 .

[0035] Further preferably, the infrared emitter 10 is arranged directly above the push rod 8 .

[0036] Further preferably, a drill button 13 and a push button are further provided on the display screen 12 ; the drill button 13 is electrically connected to the hollow drill 6 ; and the push button is electrically connected to the push rod 8 .

[0037] It is further understood that the overall size of the device is length x width x height = 600 mm x 400 mm x 500 mm, and the weight is about 15 kg. The portable design facilitates field operations and laboratory transfers. Among them, the telescopic cross beam 3 can be adjusted in the horizontal direction, with an adjustment range of 150-400 mm, ensuring that the device is suitable for different sizes of soil; the telescopic column 2 can be adjusted in the vertical direction, with an adjustment range of 100-350 mm, ensuring the operation requirements of different heights; the base 1 adopts a lightweight high-strength aluminum alloy structure to ensure the stability of the device during operation while maintaining portability; the infrared photosensitive system has an accuracy of 0.01 mm, achieving high-precision positioning and measurement; the hollow drill 6 diameter can be replaced according to needs, with common specifications of φ5 mm, φ10 mm, and φ15 mm; the adjustable clamping plate 5 has an opening range of 0-200 mm, suitable for clamping different sizes of soil; the push rod 8 has an extension stroke of 0-50 mm, with adjustable thrust; the rotating blade 9 has adjustable speed, ranging from 500-3000 rpm; the infrared emitter 10 and the adjustable display screen 12 form an infrared photosensitive system, achieving automatic detection of the soil column height; the automatic control receives the infrared photosensitive signal to control the automatic stop of the push rod 8.

[0038] The specific implementation is as follows:

[0039] Soil fixation and positioning: Place the target soil sample 7 at the adjustable clamping plate 5, adjust the clamping plate 5 spacing according to the length and width of the soil, and ensure firm fixation of the soil. The clamping plate 5 surface is provided with anti-slip texture, which can effectively prevent the soil from slipping during processing. Adjust the height of the telescopic column 2 and the length of the telescopic cross beam 3 to accurately position the hollow drill 6 directly above the predetermined sampling position.

[0040] Drilling soil sample 7: Start the drilling button 13 to drive the motor 11 to drive the hollow drill 6 to drill vertically downward at a constant speed. The drilling speed is controlled at 2-5 mm / min to avoid soil structure disturbance caused by excessive drilling speed. The drilling depth is accurately controlled according to the requirements of different analysis methods: the drilling depth of the SEM analysis sample is 5-10 mm, the drilling depth of the XRD analysis sample is 10-15 mm, and the drilling depth of the μ-CT analysis sample is 15-25 mm.

[0041] Intelligent Pushing: After drilling the soil sample 7, adjust the height of the retractable column 2 and the length of the retractable crossbeam 3 so that the hollow drill 6 is aligned with the pushing rod 8. The thickness of the soil sample 7 is set on the display 12, and then the pushing button is pressed. The pushing rod 8 will push the soil column inside the hollow drill 6 upward. At the same time, the infrared emitter 10 located directly above the pushing rod 8 will emit infrared rays toward the pushing soil column. After reflection from the soil, the distance between the two is calculated, and the infrared detection system converts this infrared ray into the pushing height of the soil column. When the preset height is reached, the automatic controller immediately stops the operation of the pushing rod 8, achieving precise automatic positioning. The system has a response time of less than 0.1 seconds and a positioning accuracy of ±0.05mm, greatly improving the accuracy and efficiency of sample preparation.

[0042] Precision Cutting: Adjust the height of the telescopic column 2 and the length of the telescopic crossbeam 3 to align the rotating blade 9 with the bottom of the soil column. Start the motor 11 to rotate the blade 9 at a speed of 500-3000 rpm, precisely cutting the soil column. The cut surface roughness can reach Ra 0.8μm, meeting the requirements of various microscopic analyses.

[0043] Sample Post-Processing: Process the cut soil sample 7 according to the requirements of the corresponding analytical method. SEM samples must be vacuum-gold-plated within 24 hours of cutting; XRD samples must be polished; and μ-CT samples must be dried in a 60°C incubator for 24 hours and then sealed and stored. All samples must be labeled with the sampling location, processing method, and preparation date.

[0044] Equipment Maintenance: After each use, disassemble and clean all components. The core drill 6 and blade 9 should be cleaned and dried with anhydrous ethanol. All moving parts should be lubricated regularly. The infrared transmitter 10 should be calibrated regularly to ensure measurement accuracy.

[0045] Quality control: Establish a quality control system for sample preparation, including sample geometry inspection, surface quality inspection, microstructure integrity inspection, etc., to ensure that the prepared samples meet the requirements of various analytical methods.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, based on the same concept, the present application also provides a soil sample 7 preparation method applied to the multifunctional soil sample 7 microscopic sampler as described above, and the soil sample 7 preparation method includes the following steps:

[0047] S1: Soil fixation: Place the target soil sample 7 in the adjustable clamping plates 5, and adjust the spacing between the clamping plates 5 to achieve stress-free fixation of the soil sample 7;

[0048] S2: Drilling positioning: Adjust the height of the telescopic column 2 and the length of the telescopic beam 3 so that the hollow drill 6 is accurately positioned above the soil sample 7;

[0049] S3: Vertical drilling: Start the hollow drill 6 to drill vertically downwards. The drilling depth for scanning electron microscopy samples is 5-10 mm, the drilling depth for X-ray diffraction analysis samples is 10-15 mm, and the drilling depth for micro-computed tomography samples is 15-25 mm.

[0050] S4: Sample pushing: After the pushing rod 8 is aligned, the infrared transmitter 10 detects the soil column lifting height in real time. When the preset thickness is reached, the pushing is automatically stopped with a positioning accuracy of ±0.05mm.

[0051] S5: Precision cutting: Adjust the rotating blade 9 to the bottom of the soil column, and drive the high-speed rotating blade 9 through the motor 11 to complete the cutting;

[0052] S6: Sample processing: The cut samples are subjected to gold plating, grinding or drying and sealing treatment.

[0053] Further preferably, the S4 specifically includes: the infrared transmitter 10 transmits infrared rays to the jacking soil column and receives the reflected signal; the jacking height is converted in real time by calculating the distance between the transmitter and the soil column; the jacking rod 8 is immediately stopped by the automatic controller when the preset thickness is reached.

[0054] Further preferably, the S5 specifically includes: the cutting plane of the rotating blade 9 is kept perpendicular to the axis of the soil column, the cutting speed is 500-3000 rpm; and the cutting surface roughness is Ra0.8 μm.

[0055] Further preferably, the positioning adjustment in S2 and S4 is achieved by the vertical precision adjustment mechanism of the telescopic column 2 and the horizontal slide rail mechanism of the telescopic beam 3 in collaboration to achieve three-dimensional positioning.

[0056] Further preferably, the stress-free fixation of S1 is achieved by means of an adjustable clamping plate 5 to achieve uniform distribution of the clamping force, and an anti-slip texture layer is provided on the inner side of the clamping plate 5 .

[0057] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and such modifications or substitutions should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A multifunctional soil sample (7) microscopic sampler, characterized in that: include: A base (1) is provided with a column (2) and an operating table (4); a crossbeam (3) is provided on the column (2); a hollow drill (6) is provided at the end of the crossbeam (3); the hollow drill (6) is used to drill a soil sample (7); a clamping plate (5) and a motor (11) are provided on the operating table (4); the clamping plate (5) is used to clamp the soil sample (7); the pushing rod (8) is used to push the soil column in the hollow drill (6) upward; the motor (11) is connected to a blade (9); the blade (9) is used to cut the soil column; the operating table (4) is also provided with an infrared photosensitive system; the infrared photosensitive system includes an infrared emitter (10) and a display screen (12).

2. The multifunctional soil sample (7) microscopic sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upright column (2) is retractable; the crossbeam (3) is retractable; the clamping plate (5) is adjustable; and the hollow drill (6) is opposite to the clamping plate (5).

3. The multifunctional soil sample (7) microscopic sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the splint (5) is provided with an anti-slip texture layer.

4. The multifunctional soil sample (7) microscopic sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The infrared emitter (10) is arranged directly above the push rod (8).

5. The multifunctional soil sample (7) microscopic sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display screen (12) is also provided with a drilling button (13) and a pushing button (14); the drilling button (13) is electrically connected to the hollow drill (6); and the pushing button (14) is electrically connected to the pushing rod (8).

6. A method for preparing a soil sample (7) used in the multifunctional soil sample (7) microscopic sampler according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The soil sample (7) preparation method comprises the following steps: S1: soil fixation: placing the target soil sample (7) in the adjustable clamping plate (5), and achieving stress-free fixation of the soil sample (7) by adjusting the spacing between the clamping plates (5); S2: Drilling positioning: adjusting the height of the telescopic column (2) and the length of the telescopic beam (3) so that the hollow drill (6) is accurately positioned above the position of the soil sample (7); S3: Vertical drilling: Start the hollow drill (6) and drill vertically downwards, wherein the drilling depth of the scanning electron microscope sample is 5-10 mm, the drilling depth of the X-ray diffraction analysis sample is 10-15 mm, and the drilling depth of the micro-computed tomography sample is 15-25 mm; S4: Sample pushing: After the pushing rod (8) is aligned, the lifting height of the soil column is detected in real time through the infrared transmitter (10). When the preset thickness is reached, the pushing is automatically stopped with a positioning accuracy of ±0.05mm. S5: Precision cutting: Adjust the rotating blade (9) to the bottom of the soil column, and drive the high-speed rotating blade (9) through the motor (11) to complete the cutting; S6: Sample processing: The cut samples are subjected to gold plating, grinding or dry sealing treatment.

7. The method for preparing a soil sample (7) according to claim 6, characterized in that: Said S4 specifically includes: an infrared transmitter (10) emitting infrared rays to the jacking soil column and receiving a reflected signal; converting the jacking height in real time by calculating the distance between the transmitter and the soil column; and the automatic controller immediately stopping the operation of the jacking rod (8) when the preset thickness is reached.

8. The method for preparing a soil sample (7) according to claim 6, characterized in that: Said S5 specifically includes: the cutting plane of the rotating blade (9) is kept perpendicular to the axis of the soil column, the cutting speed is 500-3000rpm; and the cutting surface roughness is Ra0.8μm.

9. The method for preparing a soil sample (7) according to claim 6, characterized in that: The positioning adjustment in S2 and S4 is achieved by the vertical precision adjustment mechanism of the telescopic column (2) and the horizontal slide rail mechanism of the telescopic beam (3) in coordination to achieve three-dimensional positioning.

10. The method for preparing a soil sample (7) according to claim 6, characterized in that: The stress-free fixation of S1 is achieved by means of an adjustable clamping plate (5) to achieve uniform distribution of the clamping force, and an anti-slip texture layer is provided on the inner side of the clamping plate (5).

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