Battery management system fault diagnosis method, system and device, medium and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a battery management system fault diagnosis method, system and device, a medium and a vehicle. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out fault detection on a sampling system, wherein the sampling system comprises a sampling main circuit and a sampling redundant circuit; and processing a fault detection result of the sampling system to determine a fault response level. According to the invention, by perfecting the fault classification of the battery management system and the corresponding fault response grade division, the accurate fault response of the battery management system is executed, and the safety performance of the battery management system is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery management, and in particular to a battery management system fault diagnosis method, system, equipment, medium and vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Battery safety is crucial for new energy vehicles, which are typically equipped with a battery management system. Existing battery management systems primarily enhance reliability through redundant design while meeting functional safety level requirements. However, failures in redundant components can also increase safety risks. Existing technologies suffer from incomplete handling of multiple faults. For example, they fail to distinguish between overlapping rules for different types of faults, which can lead to underestimated safety risks. These issues can prevent the battery management system from entering a safe state in a timely manner, impacting equipment safety and operational efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a battery management system fault diagnosis method, which improves the battery management system fault classification and its corresponding fault response level classification, performs accurate battery management system fault response, and thus improves the safety performance of the battery management system.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a battery management system fault diagnosis method, comprising: performing fault detection on a sampling system, the sampling system comprising a sampling main circuit and a sampling redundant circuit; and processing the fault detection results of the sampling system to determine a fault response level.

[0005] The battery management system fault diagnosis method provided by this invention considers the cumulative impact of various faults on battery system safety across functional links and proposes a strategy for escalating fault response levels in the event of multiple faults. This strategy enables a more intuitive correlation between the severity of battery system faults and the fault response levels. This invention fully considers potential system-wide risks, resulting in more accurate battery management system fault diagnosis results and improved reliability of the battery management system's fault response.

[0006] Furthermore, the processing of the fault detection result of the sampling system includes: determining the fault characteristics of the sampling system, and determining corresponding fault response level variables according to the fault characteristics; and superimposing the fault response level variables to determine the fault response level.

[0007] Furthermore, the sampling system includes a sampling redundancy circuit, and the fault characteristics of the sampling system include: one or more of fault location characteristics, failure mode characteristics, fault quantity characteristics, and redundancy function effectiveness.

[0008] Furthermore, the fault location characteristics include: component fault and line fault.

[0009] Furthermore, determining the corresponding fault response level variable according to the fault feature includes: when it is determined that the fault feature of the sampling system is the component fault, determining the corresponding fault response level variable to be a first value.

[0010] Furthermore, determining the corresponding fault response level variable according to the fault feature further includes: when it is determined that the fault feature of the sampling system is the line fault, determining the corresponding fault response level variable to be a second value.

[0011] Furthermore, the failure mode characteristics include: short circuit, open circuit and sampling accuracy deviation.

[0012] Furthermore, determining the corresponding fault response level variable according to the fault feature further includes: when it is determined that the fault feature of the sampling system is a short circuit, determining the corresponding fault response level variable to be a third value.

[0013] Furthermore, determining the corresponding fault response level variable according to the fault feature further includes: when it is determined that the fault feature of the sampling system is a circuit breaker, determining the corresponding fault response level variable to be a fourth value.

[0014] Furthermore, determining the corresponding fault response level variable according to the fault feature further includes: when it is determined that the fault feature of the sampling system is sampling precision offset, determining the corresponding fault response level variable to be a fifth value.

[0015] Furthermore, the fault characteristics of the sampling system also include: system risk superposition characteristics, and the system risk includes battery safety system risk and high voltage safety system risk.

[0016] Furthermore, in some specific examples, before performing fault detection on the sampling system, the method further includes: detecting a circuit of the battery management system, and determining a corresponding fault response level variable according to the circuit detection result.

[0017] Furthermore, in some specific examples, the circuit of the battery management system is an integrated circuit.

[0018] Furthermore, in some specific examples, before detecting the circuit of the battery management system and determining the corresponding fault response level variable based on the circuit detection result, the method also includes: detecting the software operating environment of the battery management system and determining the corresponding fault response level variable based on the detection result of the software operating environment.

[0019] Furthermore, in some specific examples, latent fault detection of related peripheral chips is generally performed during the initialization process, such as performing diagnosis on other sampling chips or power supply chips. If a latent fault is found in the chip, the fault response level in the sampling system or execution system corresponding to the latent fault is increased by 1 level.

[0020] Furthermore, in some specific examples, before detecting the software operating environment of the battery management system and determining the corresponding fault response level variable according to the detection result of the software operating environment, the method also includes: setting the initial value of the fault response level to 0.

[0021] Furthermore, in some specific examples, the battery management system fault diagnosis method also includes: performing fault detection on the execution end of the battery management system, and determining the corresponding fault response level variable based on the fault detection result of the execution end; superimposing the fault response level variables to determine the fault response level.

[0022] The present invention also provides a battery management and protection system, comprising: a sampling unit, a decision unit and an execution unit; wherein the sampling unit includes a sampling main circuit and a sampling redundant circuit; the decision unit is suitable for generating multiple fault response level variables and determining the fault response level according to the multiple fault response level variables; the execution unit is suitable for executing protection measures corresponding to the fault response level.

[0023] Furthermore, in some specific examples, the sampling main circuit includes a battery safety sampling main circuit, and the sampling redundant circuit includes a battery safety sampling redundant circuit.

[0024] Furthermore, in some specific examples, the sampling main circuit further includes a high-voltage safety detection main circuit, and the sampling redundant circuit further includes a high-voltage safety detection redundant circuit.

[0025] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the above-mentioned battery management system fault diagnosis method.

[0026] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which instructions are stored. When a computer executes the instructions, the computer executes the above-mentioned battery management system fault diagnosis method.

[0027] The present invention also provides a vehicle, comprising the aforementioned battery management and protection system, or the aforementioned electronic device.

[0028] The beneficial effect of the vehicle provided by the present invention is that, compared with the prior art, the vehicle provided by the present invention can determine accurate battery management system fault diagnosis results by running the above-mentioned battery management system fault diagnosis method, and then take appropriate execution measures to ensure the operation of the battery management system, thereby improving the safety performance of the entire vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a battery management system fault diagnosis method according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is a flowchart of a battery management system fault diagnosis method according to another specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 FIG. 4 is an architecture diagram of a battery management and protection system according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being “fixed on” or “disposed on” another element, it may be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being “connected to” another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0035] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0036] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature identified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0037] A battery management system fault diagnosis method according to a specific embodiment of the present invention is now described.

[0038] refer to Figure 1 As shown, a battery management system fault diagnosis method includes: performing fault detection on a sampling system, the sampling system including a sampling main circuit and a sampling redundant circuit; processing the fault detection result of the sampling system to determine a fault response level.

[0039] Generally, battery management systems consider redundancy during system architecture design to ensure functional reliability, in order to meet certain functional safety levels. Therefore, the present invention is based on this foundation. The battery management system fault diagnosis method provided by the present invention incorporates fault detection results for both the sampling main circuit and the sampling redundant circuit, and determines the fault response level by integrating the various fault detection results. This invention fully considers potential system risks, making the battery management system fault diagnosis results more accurate, thereby improving the reliability of the battery management system's fault response.

[0040] Furthermore, the processing of the fault detection result of the sampling system includes: determining the fault characteristics of the sampling system, and determining corresponding fault response level variables according to the fault characteristics; and superimposing the fault response level variables to determine the fault response level.

[0041] Furthermore, the sampling system includes a sampling redundancy circuit, and the fault characteristics of the sampling system include: one or more of fault location characteristics, failure mode characteristics, fault quantity characteristics, and redundancy function effectiveness.

[0042] Furthermore, the fault location characteristics include: component fault and line fault.

[0043] Furthermore, determining the corresponding fault response level variable according to the fault feature includes: when it is determined that the fault feature of the sampling system is the component fault, determining the corresponding fault response level variable to be a first value.

[0044] Furthermore, determining the corresponding fault response level variable according to the fault feature further includes: when it is determined that the fault feature of the sampling system is the line fault, determining the corresponding fault response level variable to be a second value.

[0045] Furthermore, the failure mode characteristics include: short circuit, open circuit and sampling accuracy deviation.

[0046] Furthermore, determining the corresponding fault response level variable according to the fault feature further includes: when it is determined that the fault feature of the sampling system is a short circuit, determining the corresponding fault response level variable to be a third value.

[0047] Furthermore, determining the corresponding fault response level variable according to the fault feature further includes: when it is determined that the fault feature of the sampling system is a circuit breaker, determining the corresponding fault response level variable to be a fourth value.

[0048] Furthermore, determining the corresponding fault response level variable according to the fault feature further includes: when it is determined that the fault feature of the sampling system is sampling precision offset, determining the corresponding fault response level variable to be a fifth value.

[0049] Specifically, in some embodiments, the failure of the sampling system can be divided into failure of the conditioning component and failure of the sampling line. The conditioning component and the sampling line are different components in the sampling execution link. They have their own failure types, i.e., failure modes, such as sampling line break, conditioning component open circuit, sampling accuracy drift, etc. These failures will cause inaccurate or lost sampling results, and the impact on the entire sampling function will also be different. Therefore, the fault response level is preliminarily determined according to the fault type and the degree of impact of the fault type on the battery cell safety protection target.

[0050] In some specific embodiments, if the number of sampling line breaks exceeds a certain threshold, the fault severity is considered to have increased, and the fault response level is increased by 1 level; if certain breaks, short circuits, etc. completely affect the function of the sampling system, the fault severity is increased; or if certain faults only affect the sampling accuracy but only affect part of the performance, the fault response level can be set to no increase or a small increase.

[0051] Furthermore, the fault characteristics of the sampling system also include: system risk superposition characteristics, and the system risk includes battery safety system risk and high voltage safety system risk.

[0052] Specifically, in some embodiments, if any two of the battery safety systems, such as the current sampling system or the voltage and temperature sampling system, fail simultaneously, the fault response level will be increased by one level. If all three of the battery safety systems, such as the current sampling system, the voltage sampling system, and the temperature sampling system, fail, the fault response level will be increased by multiple levels. For high-voltage safety, if any two of the high-voltage interlock, high-voltage circuit sampling, and collision systems, fail simultaneously, the fault response level will be increased by one level. Similarly, if more than two high-voltage safety systems fail simultaneously, the fault response level will be increased by multiple levels.

[0053] Specifically, in some embodiments, with regard to battery safety, if the voltage sampling line of the same battery cell and the temperature sampling lines arranged around it are both disconnected, the battery management system will lose accurate monitoring information of the battery cell. Therefore, it is considered that the severity of the EE fault of the sampling system has increased, and problems such as overcharging of the battery cell cannot be detected in time. If the fault is detected, the fault response level will be increased by 1 level; if the voltage sampling, temperature sampling and current sampling sensors all fail, the fault response level will be increased by 2 levels.

[0054] Furthermore, before performing fault detection on the sampling system, the method further includes: detecting a circuit of the battery management system, and determining a corresponding fault response level variable according to the circuit detection result.

[0055] Furthermore, the circuit of the battery management system is an integrated circuit.

[0056] Furthermore, before detecting the circuit of the battery management system and determining the corresponding fault response level variable based on the circuit detection result, the method also includes: detecting the software operating environment of the battery management system and determining the corresponding fault response level variable based on the detection result of the software operating environment.

[0057] Specifically, in some embodiments, during the initialization process of the battery management system, the control unit will initialize the operating environment configuration, such as configuring the parameters to the default state. At the same time, the control unit will also perform self-inspection, that is, check its own hardware modules to ensure that it can work normally. This process requires its internal safety mechanism to perform a series of operations to verify the stability of the system. If the safety mechanism is detected to be triggered, it indicates that there is a potential risk in the software operation of the battery management system, but the degree of harm is not great. At this time, the fault response level will be increased by 1 level; if no relevant safety mechanism is triggered, the system is considered to be completely safe and the fault response level remains unchanged.

[0058] Specifically, in some embodiments, a latent fault detection of related peripheral chips is generally performed during the initialization process, such as performing a diagnosis on other sampling chips or power supply chips. If a latent fault is found in the chip, the fault response level in the sampling system or execution system corresponding to the latent fault is increased by one level.

[0059] Furthermore, in some specific examples, before detecting the software operating environment of the battery management system and determining the corresponding fault response level variable according to the detection result of the software operating environment, the method also includes: setting the initial value of the fault response level to 0.

[0060] refer to Figure 2 As shown, in some specific examples, the battery management system fault diagnosis method also includes: performing fault detection on the execution end of the battery management system, and determining the corresponding fault response level variable according to the fault detection result of the execution end; superimposing the fault response level variables to determine the fault response level.

[0061] The execution end refers to a device that can disconnect the main battery circuit, including an execution component and a driving component. The driving component controls the action of the execution component through a control signal, thereby disconnecting or closing the main battery circuit. The execution component can be controlled by the driving component, or it can be a passive device such as a fuse, which disconnects the main battery circuit when the load is too large. The execution component includes relays, metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors, etc. The driving component is generally a driver chip, such as a high-side driver chip and a low-side driver chip.

[0062] In some specific examples, in order to meet a certain functional safety level, the output module is also designed with redundancy and is divided into execution component 1 and execution component 2. Any execution component can put the battery system into a safe state after a fault occurs, that is, disconnect all high-voltage connections.

[0063] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the fault response levels are divided into 6 major levels, as follows:

[0064] Fault response level 0: No response, the system is in a safe state;

[0065] Fault response level 1: Minor fault, only the fault code is recorded;

[0066] Fault response level 2: Minor fault, continuous power reduction operation until the fault is restored;

[0067] Fault response level 3: General fault, after a period of emergency operation, the battery system will be switched to a safe state;

[0068] Fault response level 4: A more serious fault, in which the power is reduced to 0 within a short period of time and then the actuator is operated to enter a safe state;

[0069] Fault response level 5: Serious fault, immediately operate the actuator to enter a safe state.

[0070] After the battery management system is initialized, it enters normal operation mode and begins monitoring the battery and high-voltage module status, including cell voltage, cell temperature, charge and discharge current, insulation sampling, high-voltage interlock sampling, collision signal sampling, and high-voltage circuit voltage sampling. The sampling system's fault detection module determines the type of sampling system fault, the severity of the sampling system fault, and the effectiveness of the sampling redundancy function.

[0071] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the specific superposition rules of fault response levels are as follows:

[0072] For each fault type, its basic fault response level should be defined. If one of these faults occurs, the system's total fault response level shall be the basic fault response level of that fault. If two or more faults occur, the system's initial fault response level at the current moment shall be the highest basic fault response level among the faults that have occurred.

[0073] Superposition of battery safety fault response levels: First, the fault response level is obtained according to the severity of the fault, recorded as Level A, and the superimposed fault response level is recorded; then the fault response level is calculated according to the redundant function, recorded as Level B, and the superimposed fault response level is recorded; then the fault response level of the overall battery safety is calculated, recorded as Level C, and the superimposed fault response level is recorded; the highest fault level between Level B and Level C is recorded as Level D; the highest level between Level A and Level D is selected as the initial fault response level of the battery safety class, and another level of superimposed fault response level is added to this as the final fault response level of the battery safety class.

[0074] Superposition of high-voltage safety fault response levels: If two types of high-voltage safety faults occur at the same time, the fault response will be increased by 1 on the initial fault response level of the high-voltage safety class; if three types of high-voltage safety faults occur at the same time, the fault response will be increased by 2 on the initial fault response level of the high-voltage safety class.

[0075] After obtaining the final fault response level of the battery safety category and the high-voltage safety category, the highest fault response level of the two is taken as the final fault response level of the battery management system processing module, recorded as level E, and the level of the superimposed fault response is recorded.

[0076] The fault response level of the execution module is obtained according to the failure status of the execution device, which is recorded as level F. The highest level is selected between levels E and F, and this fault response level is added to the superimposed fault response level of another level as the final fault response level of the battery management system.

[0077] refer to Figure 3 As shown, the present invention also provides a battery management and protection system, including: a sampling unit, a decision unit and an execution unit; wherein, the sampling unit includes a sampling main circuit and a sampling redundant circuit; the decision unit is suitable for generating multiple fault response level variables, and determining the fault response level according to the multiple fault response level variables; the execution unit is suitable for executing protection measures corresponding to the fault response level.

[0078] Furthermore, in some specific examples, the sampling main circuit includes a battery safety sampling main circuit, and the sampling redundant circuit includes a battery safety sampling redundant circuit.

[0079] Furthermore, in some specific examples, the sampling main circuit further includes a high-voltage safety detection main circuit, and the sampling redundant circuit further includes a high-voltage safety detection redundant circuit.

[0080] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the above-mentioned battery management system fault diagnosis method.

[0081] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which instructions are stored. When a computer executes the instructions, the computer executes the above-mentioned battery management system fault diagnosis method.

[0082] The present invention also provides a vehicle, comprising the aforementioned battery management and protection system, or the aforementioned electronic device.

[0083] The beneficial effect of the vehicle provided by the present invention is that, compared with the prior art, the vehicle provided by the present invention can determine accurate battery management system fault diagnosis results by running the above-mentioned battery management system fault diagnosis method, and then take appropriate execution measures to ensure the operation of the battery management system, thereby improving the safety performance of the entire vehicle.

[0084] Although one or more specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described, equivalent variations and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art after reading and understanding this specification and the accompanying drawings. The present disclosure includes all such modifications and variations and is limited only by the scope of the claims. In particular, with respect to the various functions performed by the components described above (e.g., elements, resources, etc.), unless otherwise indicated, the terms used to describe such components are intended to correspond to any component (functionally equivalent) that performs the specific functions of the described components, even if structurally not equivalent to the disclosed structures. In addition, although specific features of the present disclosure may have been disclosed with respect to only one of several implementations, such features may be combined with one or more other features of other implementations as may be desired and beneficial for any given or specific application. In addition, with respect to the terms "including," "having," "having," "having," or variations thereof used in the specific embodiments or claims, such terms are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term "comprising."

[0085] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present disclosure after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The description and examples are to be considered as exemplary only, with the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure being indicated by the appended claims.

[0086] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery management system fault diagnosis method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Performing fault detection on a sampling system, wherein the sampling system includes a sampling main circuit and a sampling redundant circuit; The fault detection results of the sampling system are processed to determine a fault response level.

2. The battery management system fault diagnosis method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing of the fault detection result of the sampling system includes: Determining a fault characteristic of the sampling system, and determining a corresponding fault response level variable according to the fault characteristic; The fault response level variables are superimposed to determine the fault response level.

3. The battery management system fault diagnosis method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sampling system includes a sampling redundancy circuit, and the fault characteristics of the sampling system include one or more of a fault location characteristic, a failure mode characteristic, a fault quantity characteristic, and a redundancy function effectiveness.

4. The battery management system fault diagnosis method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fault location characteristics include: component fault and line fault.

5. The battery management system fault diagnosis method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The failure mode characteristics include: short circuit, open circuit, and sampling accuracy deviation.

6. The battery management system fault diagnosis method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fault characteristics of the sampling system also include: system risk superposition characteristics, and the system risks include battery safety system risks and high-voltage safety system risks.

7. The battery management system fault diagnosis method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before performing fault detection on the sampling system, the method further includes: Detecting a circuit of the battery management system, and determining a corresponding fault response level variable according to the circuit detection result.

8. The battery management system fault diagnosis method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Before detecting the circuit of the battery management system and determining the corresponding fault response level variable according to the circuit detection result, the method further includes: The software operating environment of the battery management system is detected, and a corresponding fault response level variable is determined according to the detection result of the software operating environment.

9. The battery management system fault diagnosis method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Before detecting the software operating environment of the battery management system and determining the corresponding fault response level variable according to the detection result of the software operating environment, the method further includes: The initial value of the fault response level is set to 0.

10. The battery management system fault diagnosis method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Performing fault detection on the execution end of the battery management system, and determining a corresponding fault response level variable according to the fault detection result of the execution end; The fault response level variables are superimposed to determine the fault response level.

11. A battery management and protection system, characterized in that: include: A sampling unit, a decision unit and an execution unit; wherein the sampling unit includes a sampling main circuit and a sampling redundant circuit; The decision unit is adapted to generate a plurality of fault response level variables and determine a fault response level according to the plurality of fault response level variables; the execution unit is adapted to execute protection measures corresponding to the fault response level.

12. The battery management and protection system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The sampling main circuit includes a battery safety sampling main circuit, and the sampling redundant circuit includes a battery safety sampling redundant circuit.

13. The battery management and protection system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The sampling main circuit includes a high-voltage safety detection main circuit, and the sampling redundant circuit includes a high-voltage safety detection redundant circuit.

14. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

15. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions. When a computer executes the instructions, the computer executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

16. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle includes a battery management system and a battery management and protection system as described in any one of claims 11 to 13, or an electronic device as described in claim 14.

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