PCB production monitoring method based on industrial internet and related device

Abstract

The invention discloses a PCB production monitoring method based on the industrial internet and a related device. The method comprises the following steps: deploying a two-dimensional code identifier of a PCB product, installing a plurality of cameras and a plurality of acquisition units to acquire a two-dimensional code picture and environment information of PCB production, and installing a 5G gateway of PLC equipment to transmit the running state of the equipment in real time; on the basis of a 5G network and a wireless sensing technology, the two-dimensional code picture, the operation state and the environment information are preprocessed and uploaded to a central database; performing data association processing on the two-dimensional code picture, the operation state and the environment information through a central database; and when detecting that the produced PCB has a quality problem, calling the information of the corresponding two-dimensional code picture, the operation state and the environment information from the central database, and carrying out quality traceability analysis to generate a quality traceability strategy. According to the invention, accurate monitoring and quality tracing of the PCB production process are realized, so that the intelligent level and the product quality of an enterprise are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of industrial quality monitoring technology, and in particular to an industrial Internet-based PCB production monitoring method and related devices. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the electronics manufacturing industry, printed circuit boards (PCBs), as key components of electronic products, require meticulous management of their production processes and traceability of product quality. However, existing PCB production management models face numerous challenges. For one thing, traditional production equipment has limited data collection capabilities. For example, common equipment such as drilling machines, electroplating equipment, and etching machines can only collect simple production parameters and lacks support for data networking and full-process data collection. This makes it difficult for companies to obtain comprehensive information about the production process, enabling real-time monitoring and accurate analysis of equipment operating status, and preventing potential failures from occurring in advance, increasing the risk of production interruptions and reducing production efficiency. Furthermore, the lack or incomplete collection of production environment data also has a significant impact on PCB quality. Environmental factors such as workshop temperature and humidity, hazardous gas concentrations, and dust content all affect PCB production quality to a certain extent, but most companies currently fail to effectively monitor and manage this environmental data. Therefore, the data collection limitations of traditional equipment and the traceability challenges caused by insufficient production environment monitoring make achieving transparency and traceability throughout the entire process extremely difficult, hindering the improvement of PCB production quality and the optimization of production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a PCB production monitoring method and related devices based on the Industrial Internet, which are used to solve the technical problem that the monitoring capability of the existing PCB production full-process traceability is poor, thereby restricting the improvement of PCB production quality and the optimization of production efficiency.

[0004] The present invention provides a PCB production monitoring method based on the Industrial Internet, the method comprising:

[0005] Based on a preset identification library, each PCB product is marked with a corresponding QR code. According to preset production requirements, multiple 5G industrial cameras and multiple acquisition units are installed on the PCB product production line, and a 5G gateway electrically connected to traditional PLC equipment is installed.

[0006] According to preset production requirements, deploy QR code labels for PCB products, install multiple 5G industrial cameras and acquisition units on the PCB product production line, and install a 5G gateway that is electrically connected to traditional PLC equipment;

[0007] The 5G industrial camera collects QR code images of the PCB production process in real time, the collection unit collects environmental information in the PCB product production line in real time, and the 5G gateway transmits the operating status of the traditional PLC device in real time;

[0008] Based on the 5G network, the QR code image and the operating status of the traditional PLC device are pre-processed and uploaded to the central database; based on wireless sensing technology, the environmental information is pre-processed and uploaded to the central database;

[0009] Performing data association processing on the QR code image, the operating status of the traditional PLC device, and the environmental information through a central database;

[0010] When quality problems are detected in the produced PCB, the information of the corresponding QR code image, the operating status and the environmental information are retrieved from the central database and quality traceability analysis is performed to generate a quality traceability strategy.

[0011] Optionally, the acquisition unit includes multiple sensors and multiple terminal nodes; the steps of deploying QR code identification of PCB products according to preset production requirements, installing multiple 5G industrial cameras and multiple sensors on the PCB product production line, and installing a 5G gateway electrically connected to traditional PLC equipment include:

[0012] Deploy QR code identification for PCB products based on the preset identification library according to preset production requirements;

[0013] According to preset production requirements, multiple 5G industrial cameras, multiple sensors, and multiple terminal nodes are installed on the PCB product production line. Multiple sensor nodes in different areas of the PCB production line are connected to the corresponding terminal nodes through the I2C interface;

[0014] Install a 5G gateway that supports the RS-485 interface, and connect the RS-485 data output interface of the traditional PLC device to the RS-485 interface of the 5G gateway.

[0015] Optionally, the step of pre-processing the QR code image and the operating status of the traditional PLC device based on the 5G network and uploading them to a central database includes:

[0016] The QR code image captured by the 5G industrial camera is transmitted to the edge computing device via the 5G network for image processing and identification analysis to obtain information of the analyzed QR code image;

[0017] Transmitting the operating status of the traditional PLC device to the edge computing device for status data processing to obtain a processed operating status;

[0018] Transmitting the parsed QR code image information and the processed operating status to a 5G base station, and the 5G base station forwards the data to the industrial Internet platform;

[0019] Through the industrial Internet platform, production monitoring and analysis are carried out based on the information and operating status of the received QR code image, and monitoring instructions are generated;

[0020] The information of the monitored and analyzed QR code images and the processed operating status are uploaded to the central database for storage through the industrial Internet platform.

[0021] The step of pre-processing the environmental information based on wireless sensing technology and uploading it to a central database includes:

[0022] Based on LoRa wireless sensing technology, the environmental data detected by the sensors collected by each terminal node is transmitted to the LoRa gateway node;

[0023] The environmental data is parsed and formatted by the LoRa gateway node to obtain pre-processed environmental data and upload it to the cloud server via Ethernet;

[0024] The cloud server uploads the pre-processed environmental data to a central database.

[0025] Optionally, it also includes: when the cloud server detects an abnormality in the environmental data, generating an abnormality alarm instruction.

[0026] Optionally, when quality problems are detected in the produced PCB, the step of retrieving the corresponding QR code image information, operating status, and environmental information from the central database and performing quality traceability analysis to generate a quality traceability strategy includes:

[0027] When it is detected that there is a quality problem with the produced PCB, the MES system retrieves the corresponding QR code image information, operating status and environmental information from the central database based on the batch information corresponding to the PCB with the quality problem;

[0028] Based on the defect type of the PCB with quality problems, the quality traceability analysis is performed on the information, operating status and environmental information of the retrieved QR code image in combination with the preset process data to generate a quality traceability strategy.

[0029] The present invention also provides a PCB production monitoring system based on the Industrial Internet, the system comprising:

[0030] The deployment unit is used to deploy QR code labels for PCB products according to preset production requirements, install multiple 5G industrial cameras and multiple acquisition units on the PCB product production line, and install a 5G gateway that is electrically connected to traditional PLC equipment;

[0031] The acquisition unit is used for acquiring a two-dimensional code picture of a PCB production process in real time through the 5G industrial camera, acquiring environmental information in a PCB product production line in real time through the acquisition unit, and transmitting the running state of the traditional PLC device in real time through the 5G gateway;

[0032] The processing and transmission unit is used for preprocessing the two-dimensional code picture and the running state of the traditional PLC device based on a 5G network and uploading them to a central database, and preprocessing the environmental information based on wireless sensing technology and uploading it to the central database;

[0033] The central database is used for data correlation processing of the two-dimensional code picture, the running state of the traditional PLC device and the environmental information;

[0034] The quality traceability unit is used for, when detecting that a produced PCB has a quality problem, calling corresponding information of the two-dimensional code picture, the running state and the environmental information from the central database and performing quality traceability analysis to generate a quality traceability strategy

[0035] The application further provides a computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to realize the steps of the PCB production monitoring method according to any one of the above.

[0036] The application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program / instruction, and the computer program / instruction is executed by a processor to realize the steps of the PCB production monitoring method according to any one of the above.

[0037] The application further provides a computer program product, which comprises a computer program / instruction, and the computer program / instruction is executed by a processor to realize the steps of the PCB production monitoring method according to any one of the above.

[0038] From the above technical solutions, it can be seen that the application has the following advantages:

[0039] The present invention provides a PCB production monitoring method and related devices based on the industrial Internet. The method includes: deploying QR code identification of PCB products according to preset production requirements, installing multiple 5G industrial cameras and multiple acquisition units on the PCB product production line, and installing a 5G gateway electrically connected to the traditional PLC equipment; using the 5G industrial camera to collect QR code images of the PCB production process in real time, using the acquisition unit to collect environmental information in the PCB product production line in real time, and using the 5G gateway to transmit the operating status of the traditional PLC equipment in real time; based on the 5G network, pre-processing the QR code images and the operating status of the traditional PLC equipment and uploading them to a central database; based on wireless sensing technology, pre-processing the environmental information and uploading it to the central database; performing data association processing on the QR code images, the operating status and environmental information of the traditional PLC equipment through the central database; when quality problems are detected in the produced PCB, retrieving the corresponding QR code image information, operating status and environmental information from the central database, performing quality traceability analysis, and generating a quality traceability strategy.

[0040] In the present invention, multiple 5G industrial cameras and multiple acquisition units are installed on the PCB production line, and the PLC equipment is upgraded and equipped to realize efficient collection of data from the entire PLC production process. Based on the collected data and combined with the QR code information of the PCB board, accurate monitoring and quality traceability of the entire PCB production process are realized, thereby improving the intelligence level and product quality of PCB production enterprises, thereby solving the problem that the monitoring capability of the existing PCB production process traceability is poor, which restricts the improvement of PCB production quality and the optimization of production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0042] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for monitoring PCB production based on the Industrial Internet provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 5G data collection flow diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 A flow diagram of wireless sensor data collection provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a data flow diagram of the 5G industrial camera provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 A data flow diagram of a PLC device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 A data flow diagram of wireless sensor nodes provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of a PCB production monitoring system based on the Industrial Internet provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The embodiments of the present invention provide a PCB production monitoring method and related devices based on the Industrial Internet, which are used to solve the technical problem that the monitoring capability of the entire PCB production process traceability is poor, thereby restricting the improvement of PCB production quality and the optimization of production efficiency.

[0050] In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a PCB production monitoring method based on the Industrial Internet, the method comprising:

[0052] Step 101: Deploy QR code labels for PCB products according to preset production requirements, install multiple 5G industrial cameras and multiple acquisition units on the PCB product production line, and install a 5G gateway electrically connected to traditional PLC equipment.

[0053] It is understood that the QR code carries key traceability data such as the production batch identification number, process parameters, raw material information, and PLC device number of the corresponding PCB product, providing a data foundation for subsequent full-process traceability. In the actual production process, a QR code scanner can be used to mark each PCB product with a corresponding QR code.

[0054] In order to efficiently collect QR code images on the PCB production line, multiple 5G industrial cameras can be installed on the PCB product production line; at the same time, considering the production requirements of different areas on the PCB production line for the production environment, multiple collection units can also be installed on the PCB product production line to collect corresponding environmental information; in addition, in view of the limitations of traditional PCL equipment data transmission, a 5G gateway can be added to traditional PLC equipment.

[0055] This step specifically includes:

[0056] Step S10: deploying the QR code identification of the PCB product based on the preset identification library according to the preset production requirements.

[0057] Among them, the preset identification library provides a unique and tamper-proof QR code identification for each PCB product.

[0058] Step S11: Install multiple 5G industrial cameras, multiple sensors, and multiple terminal nodes on the PCB product production line, and connect multiple sensor nodes in different areas of the PCB production line to corresponding terminal nodes through the I2C interface.

[0059] In this embodiment, the production workshop can be divided into different production areas according to preset production needs, such as equipment operation areas, material storage areas, and areas with frequent personnel activities. Sensors such as temperature and humidity sensors (such as SHT31-DIS-F), harmful gas concentration sensors (such as MQ-135), and dust content sensors (such as GP2Y1010AU0F) are reasonably distributed according to different production areas, and corresponding terminal nodes are arranged in different production areas. The terminal nodes are responsible for the collection status of multiple sensors (such as collection frequency, startup and shutdown, etc.) and aggregating the detection data of multiple sensors.

[0060] In the acquisition unit, the terminal node collects environmental information detected by multiple sensors in the corresponding area, packages the collected environmental data, and uploads it to the LoRa gateway node. The terminal node can use the STM32F103C8T6 as the main control chip, integrate the LoRa wireless communication module SX1278, and connect to various sensors through the I2C interface.

[0061] Step S12: Install a 5G gateway that supports the RS-485 interface, and connect the RS-485 data output interface of the traditional PLC device to the RS-485 interface of the 5G gateway.

[0062] In this embodiment, the 5G gateway primarily utilizes an industrial-grade design. Options include the FCU2301 from Feiling Embedded and the Z1 from Shenzhen Hongdian. It operates stably in temperatures ranging from -30°C to +75°C, has an IP65 protection rating, and can be directly connected to the RS-485 data output interface of traditional PLC equipment. During actual installation, the electrical system of the traditional PLC equipment must be powered off and isolated to ensure operational safety. Dedicated cables are used to secure the interface connections to prevent them from loosening. After connection and installation, electrical performance testing is required to ensure stable communication.

[0063] Step 102: Use the 5G industrial camera to collect QR code images of the entire PCB production process in real time, use the acquisition unit to collect environmental information in the PCB product production line in real time, and transmit the operating status of the traditional PLC equipment in real time through the 5G gateway.

[0064] In actual installations, 5G industrial cameras can be deployed at key process locations on PCB production lines, such as entry and exit points for drilling, electroplating, and etching. Specific 5G industrial cameras utilize high frame rates (≥60fps), resolutions of at least 1920×1080, and IP67 protection, making them suitable for industrial production environments. As PCBs flow through the 5G industrial camera's field of view, the camera automatically captures images of QR codes.

[0065] The data collection unit collects real-time environmental information from the PCB production line, such as temperature, humidity, hazardous gas concentration, and dust concentration. Furthermore, the 5G gateway's management interface can be used to configure the operational status of traditional PLC equipment, such as the frequency and type of data collection. For example, data could be collected once a minute for operating parameters such as the drilling machine's speed, drilling pressure, plating time, and plating thickness.

[0066] Step 103: Based on the 5G network, the QR code image and the operating status of the traditional PLC device are pre-processed and uploaded to the central database; based on the wireless sensing technology, the environmental information is pre-processed and uploaded to the central database.

[0067] Specifically, based on the 5G network, the steps of pre-processing the QR code image and the operating status of the traditional PLC device and uploading them to the central database include:

[0068] In step S20, the QR code image captured by the 5G industrial camera is transmitted to the edge computing device through the 5G network for image processing and identification resolution to obtain the information of the resolved QR code image.

[0069] In this embodiment, the edge computing device first performs image processing on the QR code image, such as image calibration, enhancement, and noise reduction, and then performs identification resolution on the processed QR code image to obtain the information of the resolved QR code image.

[0070] In step S21, the operating status of the traditional PLC device is transmitted to the edge computing device for status data processing to obtain the processed operating status.

[0071] In this embodiment, the operating status of the traditional PLC device is processed by the edge computing device, such as status data analysis, data validity detection, and outlier identification and elimination, to obtain the processed operating status.

[0072] In step S22, the parsed QR code image information and the processed operating status are transmitted to the 5G base station, and the 5G base station forwards the data to the industrial Internet platform.

[0073] In this embodiment, the 5G network ensures high-speed transmission of information such as the PCB board's QR code image and equipment operating parameters (such as drilling machine speed, etching machine temperature, plating thickness, and lamination temperature). Leveraging the 5G network's high bandwidth and low latency, this data is transmitted in real time to the Industrial Internet platform. The 5G network's transmission characteristics ensure that data reaches the target system quickly and accurately, meeting the stringent real-time data requirements of automated production and providing strong support for real-time monitoring and timely adjustments to the production process.

[0074] Among them, see Figure 2 The data flow of the QR code image of the PCB board is: 5G industrial camera → edge computing device → 5G base station → industrial Internet platform; while the data flow of the operating status parameters of the traditional PLC device is: traditional PLC device → RS-485 data output interface → RS-485 interface → 5G gateway → 5G base station → industrial Internet platform.

[0075] Step S23: Perform production monitoring and analysis based on the information and operating status of the received QR code image through the industrial Internet platform to generate monitoring instructions.

[0076] In this embodiment, monitoring and analysis may include confirming whether the information in the QR code image (such as the production batch identification number) is consistent with the product being processed on the current PLC device, confirming whether the PCB product is processed on the PCB production line according to the preset process flow, and comparing the actual operating status parameters of the PLC device with the process parameters identified in the QR code corresponding to the PLC board; if there are abnormalities in the monitoring and analysis, the industrial Internet platform will generate targeted monitoring instructions, such as alarm notifications, parameter adjustments, and process pause detection.

[0077] See also Figure 5 ,Take the inconsistency between the actual operating state parameters of the PLC ,device and the process parameters identified in the corresponding QR code of the ,PLC board as an example, and adjust the operating state of the PLC ,device according to the generated monitoring instructions of the parameter deviation, such as adjusting the ,drilling speed, pausing or starting the device, etc.

[0078] Step S24: upload the monitored and analyzed QR code image information and the processed operating status to the central database for storage via the industrial Internet platform. Figure 4 ,The information of the QR code image is stored in the central database, which is convenient for the MES system to call for subsequent traceability analysis.

[0079] Furthermore, based on wireless sensing technology, the steps of pre-processing environmental information and uploading it to a central database include:

[0080] Step S30: Based on LoRa wireless sensing technology, the environmental data detected by the sensors collected by each terminal node is transmitted to the LoRa gateway node.

[0081] In this example, see Figure 3 Using LoRa wireless communication technology, the environment data collected by each terminal node is transmitted to the gateway node LoRa gateway node in a star-shaped network. The gateway node uses a Raspberry Pi 4B as the main control platform and is also equipped with a LoRa gateway module RHF0M301.

[0082] Step S31: parse and convert the environmental data through the LoRa gateway node to obtain pre-processed environmental data and upload it to the cloud server via Ethernet.

[0083] Specifically, the LoRa gateway node parses and converts the environmental data according to the preset communication protocol and preset data format specifications to obtain preprocessed environmental data; then, the preprocessed environmental data is uploaded to the cloud server via Ethernet according to the MQTT protocol.

[0084] See also Figure 6 The cloud server detects the pre-processed environmental data and generates an abnormality alarm when it detects an anomaly. For example, if the harmful gas content in a certain area exceeds a preset threshold, an abnormality alarm is generated. Operators can obtain the alarm information through the monitoring screen and perform anomaly detection.

[0085] In step S32, the cloud server uploads the pre-processed environmental data to the central database.

[0086] After receiving the pre-processed environmental data in the cloud service storage, the pre-processed environmental data is uploaded to the central database. This step uses wireless sensor transmission to ensure the reliable transmission of production environment data, providing enterprises with continuous and accurate environmental data monitoring.

[0087] Step 104 : performing data association processing on the QR code image, the operating status of the traditional PLC device, and the environmental information through the central database.

[0088] In this embodiment, the information identifier (such as work order number, material batch number or equipment number) parsed from the QR code image is used as a key index to match and integrate the QR code information at the same time point or associated process with the corresponding PLC device status data and environmental parameters; then, these originally scattered data are associated and stored according to the preset business logic or timestamp to form a structured associated data record for subsequent cross-dimensional production traceability, status analysis or abnormality diagnosis.

[0089] Step 105: When quality problems are detected in the produced PCB, the corresponding QR code image information, operating status and environmental information are retrieved from the central database and quality traceability analysis is performed to generate a quality traceability strategy.

[0090] This step specifically includes:

[0091] Step S40: When quality problems are detected in the produced PCBs, the MES system retrieves the corresponding QR code image information, operating status, and environmental information from the central database and cloud server based on the batch information corresponding to the PCBs with quality problems.

[0092] It should be noted that when a batch of PCB boards is found to have quality problems during subsequent inspections, such as defects such as short circuits or open circuits, the production batch number of the batch of PCB boards can be entered into the MES system, and the MES system will retrieve data on each production process and production environment information for the batch of products from the central database.

[0093] Step S41 , based on the defect type of the PCB with quality problems, and in combination with preset process data, a quality traceability analysis is performed on the retrieved QR code image information, operating status, and environmental information to generate a quality traceability strategy.

[0094] The defect types of the above-mentioned PCBs with quality problems may include abnormal circuits, surface process abnormalities, and size abnormalities. According to different defect types and combined with preset process data, quality traceability analysis is performed on the information, operating status, and environmental information of the retrieved QR code image.

[0095] Taking line abnormalities as an example, based on the information in the QR code image, the batch of raw materials used, the production PLC equipment and the initial process parameters can be traced; then, based on the number of the production PLC equipment, the drilling process data is retrieved, and the operating status of the drilling machine (such as speed, depth, XY positioning accuracy) and process parameters are analyzed to determine whether there are factors that cause physical damage to the line or abnormal connection; at the same time, based on the environmental data (temperature, humidity, dust, etc.) during the production period at that time, the impact of environmental factors on drilling quality is evaluated; finally, the electroplating and etching process data are checked, and the uniformity of electroplating thickness and etching time and temperature are analyzed in combination with the preset process data, so as to locate the processes that may cause defects and generate a quality traceability strategy.

[0096] For example, a medium-sized PCB manufacturer typically has multiple PCB production lines, covering multiple production processes such as drilling, electroplating, etching, and lamination, and produces thousands of PCB boards daily. In conjunction with the present invention, this example provides a specific implementation process for production monitoring at a medium-sized PCB manufacturer.

[0097] 1. Early equipment selection and deployment planning

[0098] Draw a detailed equipment deployment diagram based on the company's production workshop layout and the flow of each production process. Install 5G industrial cameras at key entry and exit locations, such as drilling machines, electroplating equipment, and etching machines, to ensure accurate capture of QR code images as PCBs enter and exit the equipment. For example, a Hikvision 5G industrial camera should be installed above the drilling machine's feed port. Its height and angle must be precisely adjusted to ensure the camera lens is perpendicular to the plane of the PCB QR code and that the field of view covers the entire QR code area, avoiding blind spots.

[0099] To collect production environment data, temperature and humidity sensors, hazardous gas concentration sensors, and dust content sensors are strategically placed based on factors such as workshop space size, equipment distribution, and airflow direction. In equipment-intensive areas, such as drilling areas, one temperature and humidity sensor and one dust content sensor are installed every 50 square meters. In electroplating and etching workshops, due to the presence of hazardous gases, one hazardous gas concentration sensor is installed every 30 square meters. Furthermore, considering the sensor's protection needs, each sensor is fitted with a protective housing to prevent mechanical impact and chemical corrosion during production.

[0100] For upgrading and retrofitting traditional PLC equipment, a frequently used drilling machine model can be selected as the first target. Based on the drilling machine's existing electrical interface and communication protocol, select a compatible 5G gateway, such as the Flint Embedded FCU2301. Before installing the 5G gateway, power off and isolate the drilling machine's electrical system to ensure safe operation. Properly connect the 5G gateway's RS-485 port to the corresponding port on the drilling machine and secure it with a dedicated cable to prevent loosening. After the connection is complete, perform an electrical performance test to ensure stable communication.

[0101] 2. Debugging and parameter configuration

[0102] After the 5G industrial camera is installed, its parameters are configured using dedicated debugging software. The camera's resolution is set to 1920×1080 and the frame rate is set to 60 fps to ensure that the captured QR code image is clear and complete. The 5G network connection parameters for the 5G industrial camera are also configured, including the network name, password, and frequency band, to ensure stable access to the company's 5G network. Furthermore, the camera's shooting interval is optimized. Depending on the production line speed, it can be set to capture every 0.5 seconds to ensure that no QR code information on any PCB is missed.

[0103] Before installation, the terminal and gateway nodes of the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) require parameter configuration. On the terminal nodes, set the sensor data collection frequency—for example, every minute for the temperature and humidity sensor, every three minutes for the hazardous gas concentration sensor, and every two minutes for the dust content sensor. Also, configure the terminal node's LoRa wireless communication parameters, including the frequency band, spreading factor, and transmit power, to ensure stable communication with the gateway node. For the gateway node, set parameters such as the Ethernet interface's IP address, subnet mask, and gateway address to enable normal communication with the enterprise's internal network and cloud platform. Additionally, configure the gateway node's MQTT protocol parameters, including the server address, port number, username, and password, to ensure accurate upload of collected data to the cloud server.

[0104] The upgraded drilling machine system was debugged. Through the 5G gateway's management interface, the frequency and type of data collection were set, such as collecting operating parameters like the drilling machine's speed and pressure every minute. The drilling machine's control program was also optimized to receive remote monitoring commands from the Industrial Internet platform, such as adjusting drilling speed and pausing or starting the machine. During the debugging process, multiple simulated production tests were conducted to verify the accuracy of data collection and the stability of equipment control.

[0105] 3. Data collection and processing in the production process

[0106] During the PCB production process, when a PCB enters the drilling machine, a 5G industrial camera immediately captures its QR code image and transmits the image data to an edge computing device via the 5G network. The edge computing device performs image preprocessing, including image enhancement, noise reduction, and QR code recognition, extracting data from the QR code, including production batch, process parameters, raw material information, and equipment serial number. Simultaneously, the drilling machine's operating status parameters and production process data, such as speed, drilling depth, and drilling time, are uploaded to the industrial internet platform in real time via a 5G gateway. This data is aggregated and analyzed on the industrial internet platform for real-time monitoring of the drilling process.

[0107] Sensors in the wireless sensor network continuously collect production environment data. Temperature and humidity sensors, hazardous gas concentration sensors, and dust content sensors transmit the collected data to the end nodes at a set collection frequency. The end nodes perform preliminary processing and packaging of the data before transmitting it to the gateway node via LoRa wireless communication. Upon receiving the data, the gateway node parses and converts the format before uploading it to the cloud server via Ethernet. A data analysis program on the cloud server monitors and analyzes the environmental data in real time. If an environmental parameter exceeds a preset threshold, such as a workshop temperature exceeding 30°C or hazardous gas concentration exceeding safety standards, an alarm is immediately issued to notify relevant personnel to take action. The environmental data is then uploaded to a central database via the cloud server.

[0108] Equipment in other production processes, such as electroplating and etching, also collects and transmits data in the same manner as described above. During the electroplating process, process data such as plating time, plating thickness, and plating solution temperature are collected; during the etching process, data such as etching time, etching temperature, and etching solution concentration are collected. Together with data from the drilling process, this data forms a complete data chain for the PCB production process, providing rich information for full-process traceability.

[0109] 4. Practical application of full-process traceability

[0110] When a batch of PCB boards is found to have quality problems during subsequent testing, such as defects such as short circuit or open circuit, the company can use the full-process traceability system of the present invention to troubleshoot the problem.

[0111] The production batch number of the PCBs is entered into the MES system, which then retrieves data from a central database regarding each production process and the production environment. First, the system checks the QR code information captured by the 5G industrial camera to determine the raw material batch, corresponding production equipment, and initial process parameters used for the PCBs.

[0112] Next, based on the equipment number, relevant data from the drilling process is traced, including the drilling machine's operating parameters and production process data. The drilling process is checked for issues such as abnormal rotational speed and drilling depth deviation to determine whether these factors could have caused line damage. Furthermore, environmental data from that period, such as temperature, humidity, and dust content, is reviewed to analyze the impact of these environmental factors on drilling quality.

[0113] Further review the data from the electroplating and etching processes to check whether the plating thickness is uniform and whether the etching time and temperature meet process requirements. By comparing the differences between normal production data and the data of this batch of products, the process where the problem may occur can be identified.

[0114] If traceability results reveal that excessively high etching solution temperatures during the etching process caused damage to the circuitry, the company can implement appropriate corrective measures. These include adjusting the etching equipment's temperature control system, optimizing the calibration of temperature sensors, and strengthening real-time monitoring of the etching solution's temperature. Furthermore, the company can conduct an inspection of the raw materials used in the product batch to ensure that their quality meets requirements. Furthermore, the company can provide training and guidance to the operators involved in the production of this batch to improve their operational skills and quality awareness, thereby preventing similar issues from recurring.

[0115] Through the above specific implementation methods, the present invention can effectively realize data collection and full-process traceability based on the Industrial Internet in PCB production enterprises, helping enterprises to improve production management level, enhance product quality, and enhance market competitiveness.

[0116] See also Figure 7 The present invention also provides a PCB production monitoring system based on the Industrial Internet, the system comprising:

[0117] Deployment unit 201 is used to deploy QR code labels for PCB products according to preset production requirements, install multiple 5G industrial cameras and multiple acquisition units on the PCB product production line, and install a 5G gateway electrically connected to traditional PLC equipment;

[0118] The acquisition unit 202 is used to collect QR code images of the PCB production process in real time through a 5G industrial camera, collect environmental information of the PCB product production line in real time through the acquisition unit, and transmit the operating status of traditional PLC equipment in real time through a 5G gateway;

[0119] The processing and transmission unit 203 is used to pre-process the QR code image and the operating status of the traditional PLC device based on the 5G network and upload them to the central database; based on the wireless sensing technology, pre-process the environmental information and upload it to the central database;

[0120] The association unit 204 is used to perform data association processing on the QR code image, the operating status and environmental information of the traditional PLC device through the central database

[0121] The quality traceability unit 205 is used to retrieve the corresponding QR code image information, operating status and environmental information from the central database and cloud server when quality problems are detected in the produced PCB, and perform quality traceability analysis to generate a quality traceability strategy.

[0122] The present invention also provides a computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement any of the steps of the above PCB production monitoring method.

[0123] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program / instruction stored thereon, which implements the steps of any of the above PCB production monitoring methods when executed by a processor.

[0124] The present invention also provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program / instruction, which implements the steps of any of the above PCB production monitoring methods when executed by a processor.

[0125] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0126] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0127] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0128] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into a single processing unit, each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0129] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program code, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0130] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A PCB production monitoring method based on industrial Internet, characterized in that: The method comprises: According to preset production requirements, deploy QR code labels for PCB products, install multiple 5G industrial cameras and acquisition units on the PCB product production line, and install a 5G gateway that is electrically connected to traditional PLC equipment; The 5G industrial camera collects QR code images of the PCB production process in real time, the collection unit collects environmental information in the PCB product production line in real time, and the 5G gateway transmits the operating status of the traditional PLC device in real time; Based on the 5G network, the QR code image and the operating status of the traditional PLC device are pre-processed and uploaded to the central database; based on wireless sensing technology, the environmental information is pre-processed and uploaded to the central database; Performing data association processing on the QR code image, the operating status of the traditional PLC device, and the environmental information through a central database; When quality problems are detected in the produced PCB, the information of the corresponding QR code image, the operating status and the environmental information are retrieved from the central database and quality traceability analysis is performed to generate a quality traceability strategy.

2. The PCB production monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acquisition unit includes multiple sensors and multiple terminal nodes; the steps of deploying QR code identification of PCB products according to preset production requirements, installing multiple 5G industrial cameras and multiple sensors on the PCB product production line, and installing a 5G gateway electrically connected to traditional PLC equipment include: Deploy QR code identification for PCB products based on the preset identification library according to preset production requirements; Install multiple 5G industrial cameras, multiple sensors, and multiple terminal nodes on the PCB product production line, and connect multiple sensor nodes in different areas of the PCB production line to corresponding terminal nodes through the I2C interface; Install a 5G gateway that supports the RS-485 interface, and connect the RS-485 data output interface of the traditional PLC device to the RS-485 interface of the 5G gateway.

3. The PCB production monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of pre-processing the QR code image and the operating status of the traditional PLC device based on the 5G network and uploading them to the central database includes: The QR code image captured by the 5G industrial camera is transmitted to the edge computing device via the 5G network for image processing and identification analysis to obtain information of the analyzed QR code image; Transmitting the operating status of the traditional PLC device to the edge computing device for status data processing to obtain a processed operating status; Transmitting the parsed QR code image information and the processed operating status to a 5G base station, and the 5G base station forwards the data to the industrial Internet platform; Through the industrial Internet platform, production monitoring and analysis are carried out based on the information and operating status of the received QR code image, and monitoring instructions are generated; The information of the monitored and analyzed QR code images and the processed operating status are uploaded to the central database for storage through the industrial Internet platform.

4. The PCB production monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of pre-processing the environmental information based on wireless sensing technology and uploading it to a central database includes: Based on LoRa wireless sensing technology, the environmental data detected by the sensors collected by each terminal node is transmitted to the LoRa gateway node; The environmental data is parsed and formatted by the LoRa gateway node to obtain pre-processed environmental data and upload it to the cloud server via Ethernet; The cloud server uploads the pre-processed environmental data to a central database.

5. The PCB production monitoring method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: When the cloud server detects an anomaly in the environmental data, it generates an abnormal alarm instruction.

6. The PCB production monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When a quality problem is detected in a produced PCB, the steps of retrieving the corresponding QR code image information, operating status, and environmental information from the central database and performing quality traceability analysis to generate a quality traceability strategy include: When it is detected that there is a quality problem with the produced PCB, the MES system retrieves the corresponding QR code image information, operating status and environmental information from the central database based on the batch information corresponding to the PCB with the quality problem; Based on the defect type of the PCB with quality problems, the quality traceability analysis is performed on the information, operating status and environmental information of the retrieved QR code image in combination with the preset process data to generate a quality traceability strategy.

7. A PCB production monitoring system based on industrial Internet, characterized in that: The system comprises: The deployment unit is used to deploy QR code labels for PCB products according to preset production requirements, install multiple 5G industrial cameras and multiple acquisition units on the PCB product production line, and install a 5G gateway that is electrically connected to traditional PLC equipment; An acquisition unit is configured to acquire a QR code image of the PCB production process in real time through the 5G industrial camera, acquire environmental information of the PCB product production line in real time through the acquisition unit, and transmit the operating status of the traditional PLC device in real time through the 5G gateway; A processing and transmission unit is used to pre-process the QR code image and the operating status of the traditional PLC device based on the 5G network and upload them to a central database; based on wireless sensing technology, pre-process the environmental information and upload it to a central database; an association unit, configured to perform data association processing on the QR code image, the operating status of the traditional PLC device, and the environmental information through a central database; The quality traceability unit is used to retrieve the corresponding QR code image information, operating status and environmental information from the central database and perform quality traceability analysis to generate a quality traceability strategy when quality problems are detected in the produced PCB.

8. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein: The processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the PCB production monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program / instruction stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program / instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the PCB production monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program / instructions, characterized in that When the computer program / instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the PCB production monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

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