High-temperature oxide fuel cell system

Abstract

The invention provides a high-temperature oxide fuel cell system, comprising: a cell stack group having a power generation mode and an electrolysis mode; a power generation mode and an electrolysis mode can be switched; the water vapor preheater is connected with the negative electrode of the cell stack group; the air preheater is connected with the positive electrode of the cell stack group; the hydrogen heat exchanger is connected with the cathode of the cell stack group; the air heat exchanger is connected with the anode of the cell stack group; the water vapor preheater is connected with the hydrogen heat exchanger; the air preheater is connected with the air heat exchanger; wherein the water vapor preheater, the air preheater, the hydrogen heat exchanger and the air heat exchanger are connected to form a common hot area of a power generation mode and an electrolysis mode, so that the power generation mode and the electrolysis mode use the same hot area, and water and air can be introduced to electrolyze water vapor by using a battery stack group to generate hydrogen and oxygen-enriched air; and hydrogen and air can be introduced to generate power by using the battery stack group.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy technology, and in particular to a high-temperature oxide fuel cell system. Background Art

[0002] A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is an all-solid chemical power generation device that can directly convert the chemical energy stored in fuel and oxidant into electrical energy at medium to high temperatures (600–1000°C). Solid oxide fuel cell electrolysis technology is the reverse process of solid oxide fuel cell power generation technology, using solid oxide electrolytes to electrolyze water into hydrogen and oxygen under high temperature conditions, thereby converting electrical energy into chemical energy.

[0003] Currently, the existing thermal zone layout of fuel cells is only applicable to one mode, either the power generation mode or the electrolysis mode, that is, the thermal zones of the power generation mode and the electrolysis mode are not universal. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention solves the problem that the hot zones of the existing oxide fuel cell power generation mode and electrolysis mode are not universal.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a high-temperature oxide fuel cell system, comprising: a cell stack, wherein the cell stack has a power generation mode and an electrolysis mode; the power generation mode and the electrolysis mode are switchable; a water vapor preheater connected to the negative electrode of the battery stack; an air preheater connected to the positive electrode of the battery stack; a hydrogen heat exchanger connected to the negative electrode of the battery stack; an air heat exchanger connected to the positive electrode of the battery stack; The water vapor preheater is connected to the hydrogen heat exchanger; the air preheater is connected to the air heat exchanger; The steam preheater, the air preheater, the hydrogen heat exchanger and the air heat exchanger are connected to form a common heat zone for the power generation mode and the electrolysis mode.

[0006] The technical effects achieved by the technical scheme are as follows: in the power generation mode, air enters the cell stack group through the air preheater, the air preheater heats the air to above 600 DEG C, hydrogen enters the cell stack group through the water vapor preheater, the water vapor preheater heats the hydrogen, the air and the hydrogen react in the cell stack group to generate water vapor, and release electrons at the same time, the water vapor and the remaining hydrogen are discharged after being cooled by the hydrogen heat exchanger, and the remaining air is discharged after being cooled by the air heat exchanger; in the electrolysis mode, water enters the cell stack group through the water vapor preheater, the water vapor preheater converts the water into water vapor, air enters the cell stack group through the air preheater, the air preheater heats the air to above 600 DEG C, the air and the water react in the cell stack group to generate hydrogen and oxygen, the hydrogen is discharged after being cooled by the hydrogen heat exchanger, and the oxygen is discharged after being cooled by the air heat exchanger. Therefore, the high-temperature oxide fuel cell system integrates the water vapor preheater, the air preheater, the hydrogen heat exchanger and the air heat exchanger, solves the problem that the same heat zone is used in the power generation mode and the electrolysis mode, can not only pass water and air to electrolyze water vapor to generate hydrogen and oxygen-rich air by the cell stack group, but also pass hydrogen and air to generate power by the cell stack group, so that the power generation mode and the electrolysis mode can be switched according to requirements, and the flexibility and multifunction of the cell system are improved.

[0007] Optionally, the water vapor preheater and the cell stack group are connected through a first pipeline, the hydrogen heat exchanger and the cell stack group are connected through a second pipeline, the first pipeline is in communication with a hydrogen inlet and a water inlet respectively, and the second pipeline is in communication with a waste hydrogen outlet and a condensed water outlet respectively.

[0008] The technical effects achieved by the technical scheme are as follows: in the power generation mode, hydrogen enters the water vapor preheater from the hydrogen inlet, the water vapor preheater heats the hydrogen, and then the hydrogen enters the cell stack group through the first pipeline; the water vapor generated by the cell stack group and the remaining hydrogen enter the hydrogen heat exchanger through the second pipeline to be cooled and then discharged, and the remaining hydrogen is discharged from the hydrogen outlet and the water vapor is discharged from the condensed water outlet; in the electrolysis mode, water enters the water vapor preheater through the water inlet, the water vapor preheater converts the water into water vapor, and then the water vapor enters the cell stack group through the first pipeline, and the hydrogen generated by the cell stack group enters the hydrogen heat exchanger through the second pipeline to be cooled and then discharged. Through the design that the first pipeline is in communication with the hydrogen inlet and the second pipeline is in communication with the waste hydrogen outlet and the condensed water outlet respectively, a pipeline system for the water and the hydrogen to enter the cell stack group and the hydrogen and the water vapor generated by the cell stack group to be discharged is formed in the power generation mode and the electrolysis mode, so that the same hydrogen heat exchanger and water vapor preheater are used in the power generation mode and the electrolysis mode, the integration degree of the cell system is improved, and the structure is simple.

[0009] Optionally, the water vapor preheater and the hydrogen heat exchanger are connected through a third pipeline, and the third pipeline is in communication with the hydrogen inlet and the water inlet respectively.

[0010] The technical effect achieved after adopting this technical solution is as follows: in the power generation mode, hydrogen enters the hydrogen heat exchanger from the hydrogen inlet, the hydrogen heat exchanger uses the waste heat of the exhaust gas to preheat and dehumidify the hydrogen, and then enters the water vapor preheater through the third pipeline. The water vapor preheater heats the hydrogen and then enters the battery stack through the first pipeline; in the electrolysis mode, water passes through the hydrogen heat exchanger through the water inlet, the hydrogen heat exchanger uses the waste heat of the exhaust gas to preheat the water, and then enters the water vapor preheater through the third pipeline. The water vapor preheater converts the water into water vapor, and the water vapor enters the battery stack through the first pipeline. Therefore, hydrogen and water are preheated for the first time in the hydrogen heat exchanger and for the second time in the water vapor preheater, which not only accelerates the heating rate of the hydrogen and water vapor entering the battery stack and improves the efficiency of power generation and electrolysis of the battery system, but also enables the hydrogen heat exchanger to utilize the heat of the high-temperature gas generated by the battery stack, reducing the need for additional heat sources.

[0011] Optionally, the air preheater is connected to the battery stack via a fourth pipeline, the air heat exchanger is connected to the battery stack via a fifth pipeline, the fourth pipeline is connected to the air inlet, and the fifth pipeline is connected to the waste air outlet.

[0012] The technical effects achieved by adopting this technical solution are as follows: In power generation mode, air enters the air preheater from the air inlet, where it is heated to over 600°C before entering the battery stack through the fourth pipeline. The remaining air is cooled by the air heat exchanger and then discharged through the waste air outlet. In electrolysis mode, air enters the air preheater from the air inlet, where it is heated to over 600°C before entering the battery stack through the fourth pipeline. The oxygen generated by the battery stack enters the air heat exchanger through the fifth pipeline for cooling, and the oxygen-enriched air is discharged through the waste air outlet. By connecting the fourth pipeline to the air inlet and the fifth pipeline to the waste air outlet, a pipeline system is formed for air entering the battery stack and air exiting the battery stack in both power generation and electrolysis modes. This allows the power generation and electrolysis modes to use the same air heat exchanger and air preheater, improving the integration of the battery system and simplifying the structure.

[0013] Optionally, the air preheater is connected to the air heat exchanger via a sixth pipeline, and the sixth pipeline is connected to the air inlet.

[0014] The technical effect achieved after adopting this technical solution is as follows: in the power generation mode and the electrolysis mode, air enters the air heat exchanger from the air inlet, the air heat exchanger uses the waste heat of the exhaust gas to preheat and dehumidify the air, and then enters the air preheater through the sixth pipeline. The air preheater heats the air to above 600°C, and then enters the battery stack through the fourth pipeline; therefore, the air is preheated for the first time in the air heat exchanger and for the second time in the air preheater, which accelerates the heating rate of the air entering the battery stack, allowing the air to quickly reach the required temperature, thereby improving the efficiency of power generation and electrolysis of the battery system, and enabling the air heat exchanger to utilize the heat of the high-temperature gas generated by the battery stack, reducing the need for additional heat sources.

[0015] Optionally, the hydrogen heat exchanger is connected to a seventh pipeline and an eighth pipeline, and the seventh pipeline and the eighth pipeline are both connected to the hydrogen inlet. The seventh pipeline is used for hydrogen to enter, and the eighth pipeline is used for nitrogen to enter. The seventh pipeline is provided with a first monitoring device for detecting the pressure and flow of the seventh pipeline, and the eighth pipeline is provided with a second monitoring device for monitoring the pressure and flow of the eighth pipeline.

[0016] The technical effect achieved after adopting this technical solution is as follows: before starting the battery system, nitrogen needs to be introduced into the battery system to purge the air in the system before hydrogen is introduced. Therefore, before starting the battery system, nitrogen enters the battery system from the hydrogen inlet through the eighth pipeline to purge and exhaust the air, and hydrogen enters the hydrogen heat exchanger from the hydrogen inlet through the seventh pipeline. By arranging a first monitoring device on the seventh pipeline and a second monitoring device on the eighth pipeline, the first monitoring device can detect and display the pressure, flow and other parameters of the seventh pipeline in real time during the power generation process of the battery system to ensure that the hydrogen meets the reaction requirements of the battery stack; the second monitoring device can detect and display the pressure, flow and other parameters of the eighth pipeline when nitrogen is purging and exhausting the air to ensure that the air in the battery system is emptied.

[0017] Optionally, the seventh pipeline is provided with a first regulating device for regulating the pressure and flow of the seventh pipeline, and the eighth pipeline is provided with a second regulating device for regulating the pressure and flow of the eighth pipeline.

[0018] The technical effect achieved after adopting this technical solution is: by arranging a first regulating device on the seventh pipeline and a second regulating device on the eighth pipeline, the first regulating device can adjust the pressure and flow of the seventh pipeline in real time during the power generation process of the battery system; the second regulating device can adjust the pressure and flow of the eighth pipeline when nitrogen is purging and exhausting air, so that the seventh and eighth pipelines can be adjusted as needed, so that the battery system can flexibly respond to different working conditions.

[0019] Optionally, a thermal insulation shell is further included, which covers the hydrogen heat exchanger and the air heat exchanger to provide thermal insulation protection.

[0020] The technical effect achieved after adopting this technical solution is: through the setting of the insulation shell, not only can the heat exchange between the hydrogen heat exchanger and the air heat exchanger and the external environment be reduced to maintain the temperature stability in the system, but also the erosion of the external environment on the heat exchanger can be reduced, thereby extending the service life of the hydrogen heat exchanger and the air heat exchanger.

[0021] Optionally, the battery stack is arranged on a guide point column, and the guide point column penetrates the insulation shell for connecting to an external circuit.

[0022] The technical effect achieved after adopting this technical solution is: the conductive column penetrates the insulation shell, which can directly connect the battery stack to the external circuit, ensuring the high efficiency and stability of power transmission and reducing energy loss.

[0023] Optionally, it further includes a packaging shell, the steam preheater, the battery stack, and the air preheater are placed in the packaging shell, and the insulation shell is buckled into the packaging shell.

[0024] The technical effect achieved after adopting this technical solution is: the packaging shell integrates the steam preheater, battery stack and air preheater in a closed space, which not only provides physical protection for these core components, prevents dust, moisture or other pollutants from the external environment from entering, and ensures the cleanliness and reliability of the system, but also the dual protection of the packaging shell and the insulation shell can effectively isolate the internal components from the external environment, reduce the risk of failure caused by external impact or environmental changes, and improve the safety and stability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the external structure of a high-temperature oxide fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the external structure from another perspective; Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a high-temperature oxide fuel cell system with its insulation shell opened provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Another perspective structural diagram: Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a high-temperature oxide fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal structure from another perspective; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a power generation mode of a high-temperature oxide fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8A schematic diagram of the electrolysis mode of a high-temperature oxide fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Description of reference numerals: 110 - battery stack; 111 - pilot column; 120 - steam preheater; 130 - air preheater; 140 - hydrogen heat exchanger; 150 - air heat exchanger; 161 - hydrogen inlet; 162 - water inlet; 163 - waste hydrogen outlet; 164 - condensed water outlet; 165 - air inlet; 166 - waste air outlet; 167 - water pump; 168 - fan; 170 - insulation shell; 180 - packaging shell; 181 - first packaging shell; 182 - second packaging shell; 183 - third packaging shell; 210 - first pipeline; 220-second pipeline; 230-third pipeline; 240-fourth pipeline; 250-fifth pipeline; 260-sixth pipeline; 270-seventh pipeline; 271-first flowmeter; 272-first solenoid valve; 273-first pressure relief valve; 274-first pressure gauge; 275-first pressure reducing valve; 276-first filter; 280-eighth pipeline; 281-second flowmeter; 282-second solenoid valve; 283-second pressure relief valve; 284-second pressure gauge; 285-second pressure reducing valve; 286-second filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] See also Figures 1 to 6 , an embodiment of the present application provides a high-temperature oxide fuel cell system, including a battery stack 110, a water vapor preheater 120, an air preheater 130, a hydrogen heat exchanger 140 and an air heat exchanger 150, the battery stack 110 has a power generation mode and an electrolysis mode, the two modes can be switched according to demand, wherein the water vapor preheater 120 is connected to the negative pole of the battery stack 110, the air preheater 130 is connected to the positive pole of the battery stack 110, the hydrogen heat exchanger 140 is connected to the negative pole of the battery stack 110, the air heat exchanger 150 is connected to the positive pole of the battery stack 110, and the water vapor preheater 120 is connected to the hydrogen heat exchanger 140, and the air preheater 130 is connected to the air heat exchanger 150; the water vapor preheater 120, the air preheater 130, the hydrogen heat exchanger 140 and the air heat exchanger 150 are connected to form a common hot zone for the power generation mode and the electrolysis mode.

[0029] The principle of the shared heat zone is as follows: in the power generation mode, air enters the battery stack 110 through the air preheater 130, and the air preheater 130 heats the air to above 600°C. Hydrogen enters the battery stack 110 through the water vapor preheater 120, and the water vapor preheater 120 heats the hydrogen. The air and hydrogen react in the battery stack 110 to generate water vapor and release electrons at the same time. The water vapor and the remaining hydrogen are discharged after dissipating heat and cooling through the hydrogen heat exchanger 140, and the remaining air is discharged after dissipating heat and cooling through the air heat exchanger 150. In electrolysis mode, water enters the cell stack 110 through the steam preheater 120, which converts the water into steam. Air enters the cell stack 110 through the air preheater 130, which heats the air to above 600°C. The air and water react in the cell stack 110 to produce hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen is cooled by the hydrogen heat exchanger 140 before being discharged, while the oxygen is cooled by the air heat exchanger 150 before being discharged. Therefore, the high-temperature oxide fuel cell system of the present invention solves the problem of using the same hot zone for both the power generation mode and the electrolysis mode by integrating the steam preheater 120, the air preheater 130, the hydrogen heat exchanger 140, and the air heat exchanger 150. This allows both water and air to be introduced to electrolyze water vapor using the cell stack 110 to produce hydrogen and oxygen-enriched air, and hydrogen and air to be introduced to generate electricity using the cell stack 110. This allows switching between the power generation mode and the electrolysis mode as needed, thereby improving the flexibility and versatility of the battery system.

[0030] Furthermore, the steam preheater 120 is connected to the battery stack 110 through a first pipeline 210, and the hydrogen heat exchanger 140 is connected to the battery stack 110 through a second pipeline 220. The first pipeline 210 is connected to the hydrogen inlet 161 and the water inlet 162 respectively, and the second pipeline 220 is connected to the waste hydrogen outlet 163 and the condensed water outlet 164 respectively. In the power generation mode, hydrogen enters the water vapor preheater 120 from the hydrogen inlet 161, and the water vapor preheater 120 heats the hydrogen before entering the battery stack 110 through the first pipeline 210; the water vapor generated by the battery stack 110 and the remaining hydrogen enter the hydrogen heat exchanger 140 through the second pipeline 220 for heat dissipation and cooling, and the remaining hydrogen is discharged from the hydrogen outlet, and the water vapor is discharged from the condensed water outlet 164; in the electrolysis mode, water enters the water vapor preheater 120 through the water inlet 162, and the water vapor preheater 120 converts water into water vapor, and the water vapor enters the battery stack 110 through the first pipeline 210, and the hydrogen generated by the battery stack 110 enters the hydrogen heat exchanger 140 through the second pipeline 220 for heat dissipation and cooling before being discharged, wherein the first pipeline 210 consists of a water inlet pipeline and a hydrogen inlet pipeline.

[0031] Furthermore, the water vapor preheater 120 is connected to the hydrogen heat exchanger 140 through a third pipeline 230, wherein the third pipeline 230 is connected to the hydrogen inlet 161 and the water inlet 162 respectively. In the power generation mode, hydrogen enters the hydrogen heat exchanger 140 from the hydrogen inlet 161, and the hydrogen heat exchanger 140 uses the waste heat of the exhaust gas to preheat and dehumidify the hydrogen, and then enters the water vapor preheater 120 through the third pipeline 230. The water vapor preheater 120 heats the hydrogen. , and then enters the battery stack 110 through the first pipeline 210; in the electrolysis mode, water passes through the water inlet 162 through the hydrogen heat exchanger 140, the hydrogen heat exchanger 140 uses the waste heat of the exhaust gas to preheat the water, and then enters the water vapor preheater 120 through the third pipeline 230, the water vapor preheater 120 converts the water into water vapor, and the water vapor then enters the battery stack 110 through the first pipeline 210, wherein the third pipeline 230 consists of a water inlet pipeline and a hydrogen inlet pipeline.

[0032] Furthermore, the air preheater 130 is connected to the battery stack 110 via a fourth pipe 240, the air heat exchanger 150 is connected to the battery stack 110 via a fifth pipe 250, the fourth pipe 240 is connected to the air inlet 165, and the fifth pipe 250 is connected to the waste air outlet 166. In the power generation mode, air enters the air preheater 130 from the air inlet 165, the air preheater 130 heats the air to above 600°C, and then enters the power generation mode through the fourth pipe 240. The remaining air is cooled by the air heat exchanger 150 and then discharged from the waste air outlet 166; in the electrolysis mode, the air enters the air preheater 130 from the air inlet 165, the air preheater 130 heats the air to above 600 ° C, and then enters the battery stack 110 through the fourth pipeline 240. The battery stack 110 generates oxygen and enters the air heat exchanger 150 through the fifth pipeline 250 to dissipate heat and cool down, and the oxygen-rich air is discharged from the waste air outlet 166.

[0033] Furthermore, the air preheater 130 is connected to the air heat exchanger 150 through the sixth pipeline 260, wherein the sixth pipeline 260 is connected to the air inlet 165, and the air enters the air heat exchanger 150 from the air inlet 165. The air heat exchanger 150 uses the waste heat of the exhaust gas to preheat and dehumidify the air, and then enters the air preheater 130 through the sixth pipeline 260. The air preheater 130 heats the air to above 600°C, and then enters the battery stack 110 through the fourth pipeline 240.

[0034] Furthermore, the battery system needs to be introduced into nitrogen before starting to purge the air in the system and then introduce hydrogen. Therefore, the hydrogen heat exchanger 140 is connected to the seventh pipeline 270 and the eighth pipeline 280. The seventh pipeline 270 and the eighth pipeline 280 are both connected to the hydrogen inlet 161, wherein the seventh pipeline 270 is used for hydrogen to enter, and the eighth pipeline 280 is used for nitrogen to enter. The seventh pipeline 270 is provided with a first monitoring device and a first filter 276. The first monitoring device is used to detect the pressure and flow of the seventh pipeline 270. The eighth pipeline 280 is provided with a second monitoring device and a second filter 286. The second monitoring device is used to monitor the pressure and flow of the eighth pipeline 280. The first monitoring device can detect and display the pressure, flow and other parameters of the gas in the seventh pipeline 270 in real time during the power generation process of the battery system to ensure that the hydrogen meets the reaction requirements of the battery stack; the second monitoring device can detect and display the pressure, flow and other parameters of the gas in the eighth pipeline 280 when nitrogen is purged to exhaust air to ensure that the air in the battery system is exhausted, wherein the first monitoring device includes a first flow meter 271 and a first pressure gauge 274, and the second monitoring device includes a second flow meter 281 and a second pressure gauge 284.

[0035] Furthermore, the seventh pipeline 270 is provided with a first regulating device for regulating the pressure and flow of the seventh pipeline 270, and the eighth pipeline 280 is provided with a second regulating device for regulating the pressure and flow of the eighth pipeline 280. The first regulating device can adjust the pressure and flow of the seventh pipeline 270 in real time during the battery system power generation process, and the second regulating device can adjust the pressure and flow of the eighth pipeline 280 during nitrogen purge and air exhaust. The seventh pipeline 270 and the eighth pipeline 280 can be adjusted as needed, so that the battery system can flexibly respond to different operating conditions. The first regulating device includes a first solenoid valve 272, a first pressure relief valve 273, and a first pressure reducing valve 275, and the second regulating device includes a second solenoid valve 282, a second pressure relief valve 283, and a second pressure reducing valve 285.

[0036] In other embodiments, the battery system further includes an insulation shell 170, which covers the hydrogen heat exchanger 140 and the air heat exchanger 150. By providing the insulation shell 170, not only can the heat exchange between the hydrogen heat exchanger 140 and the air heat exchanger 150 and the external environment be reduced to maintain the temperature stability within the system, but also the erosion of the heat exchanger by the external environment can be reduced, thereby extending the service life of the hydrogen heat exchanger 140 and the air heat exchanger 150.

[0037] Furthermore, the battery stack 110 is arranged on a guide point column 111, which penetrates the insulation shell 170 for connecting to an external circuit. The hydrogen inlet 161, the water inlet 162, the waste hydrogen outlet 163, the condensed water outlet 164, the air inlet 165, and the waste air outlet 166 also penetrate the insulation shell 170 for easy connection with the outside world.

[0038] In some other embodiments, the battery system further includes a packaging shell 180, in which the steam preheater 120, the battery stack 110, and the air preheater 130 are placed, wherein the packaging shell 180 includes a first packaging shell 181, a second packaging shell 182, and a third packaging shell 183, the steam preheater 120 is placed in the first packaging shell 181, the battery stack is placed in the second packaging shell 182, the air preheater 130 is placed in the third packaging shell 183, the hydrogen heat exchanger 140 is arranged above the steam preheater 120, the air heat exchanger 150 is arranged above the air preheater 130, and the insulation shell 170 is then snapped onto the packaging shell 180.

[0039] The heating devices of the steam preheater 120 , the battery stack 110 , and the air preheater 130 may be electric furnaces.

[0040] See also Figure 7 and Figure 8 The specific principles of the power generation mode and electrolysis mode of a high-temperature oxide fuel cell system provided in the embodiment of the application are as follows: The principle of the power generation mode is as follows: air enters the air preheater 130 from the air inlet 165 using the fan 168, and the air preheater 130 heats the air to above 600°C. Hydrogen enters the steam preheater 120 from the hydrogen inlet 161, and the steam preheater 120 heats the hydrogen. The air above 600°C enters the cathode flow channel of the battery stack 110, and the heated hydrogen enters the anode flow channel of the battery stack 110. The oxygen in the air is reduced to oxygen ions (O²⁻) in the cathode flow channel of the battery stack 110. The oxygen ions (O²⁻) are heated in the battery stack 110. The electrolyte migrates directionally through oxygen vacancies, moving from the cathode side to the anode side. On the anode flow channel side of the battery stack 110, hydrogen reacts with oxygen ions to generate water vapor and release electrons at the same time, connecting it to the external circuit through the conductive column. After the water vapor and the remaining hydrogen are cooled by the hydrogen heat exchanger 140, the water vapor is condensed through the condensed water outlet 164 and discharged, and the remaining hydrogen is discharged through the waste hydrogen outlet 163. The remaining air is cooled by the air heat exchanger 150 and discharged through the waste air outlet 166.

[0041] In the power generation mode, air enters the air preheater 130 from the air inlet 165 by using the air blower 168, the air preheater 130 heats the air to above 600℃, water enters the water vapor preheater 120 from the water inlet 162 by using the water pump 167, the water vapor preheater 120 converts the water into water vapor, the water vapor enters the anode flow channel of the battery stack group 110, the water vapor is electrolyzed in the anode flow channel of the battery stack group 110 to generate hydrogen ions (H⁺) and oxygen ions (O²⁻), the hydrogen ions combine to form hydrogen gas, and the oxygen ions move to the cathode flow channel through the electrolyte to combine with electrons to form oxygen gas, the generated hydrogen gas is discharged through the waste hydrogen gas outlet 163 after being cooled by the hydrogen gas heat exchanger 140, and the generated oxygen gas is discharged through the waste air outlet 166 after being cooled by the air heat exchanger 150.

[0042] It should be noted that: When the air enters the air preheater 130 from the air inlet 165, it can be first preheated by the air heat exchanger 150, and the water and hydrogen gas can be first preheated by the hydrogen gas heat exchanger 140 when entering the water vapor preheater 120, wherein the sequence of the air entering the air heat exchanger 150 and the air preheater 130, and the sequence of the water and hydrogen gas entering the water vapor preheater 120 and the hydrogen gas heat exchanger 140 can be reversed without affecting the use of the battery system.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit it; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A high temperature oxide fuel cell system, characterized in that: include: A battery stack (110), wherein the battery stack (110) has a power generation mode and an electrolysis mode; the power generation mode and the electrolysis mode are switchable; a water vapor preheater (120), the water vapor preheater (120) being connected to the negative electrode of the battery stack (110); an air preheater (130), the air preheater (130) being connected to the positive electrode of the battery stack (110); a hydrogen heat exchanger (140), the hydrogen heat exchanger (140) being connected to the negative electrode of the battery stack (110); an air heat exchanger (150), the air heat exchanger (150) being connected to the positive electrode of the battery stack (110); The water vapor preheater (120) is connected to the hydrogen heat exchanger (140); the air preheater (130) is connected to the air heat exchanger (150); The steam preheater (120), the air preheater (130), the hydrogen heat exchanger (140) and the air heat exchanger (150) are connected to form a common heat zone for the power generation mode and the electrolysis mode.

2. The high temperature oxide fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that The steam preheater (120) is connected to the battery stack (110) via a first pipeline (210), and the hydrogen heat exchanger (140) is connected to the battery stack (110) via a second pipeline (220). The first pipeline (210) is communicated with a hydrogen inlet (161) and a water inlet (162), respectively, and the second pipeline (220) is communicated with a waste hydrogen outlet (163) and a condensed water outlet (164), respectively.

3. The high temperature oxide fuel cell system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steam preheater (120) is connected to the hydrogen heat exchanger (140) via a third pipeline (230), and the third pipeline (230) is communicated with the hydrogen inlet (161) and the water inlet (162), respectively.

4. The high temperature oxide fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein: The air preheater (130) is connected to the battery stack (110) via a fourth pipeline (240), the air heat exchanger (150) is connected to the battery stack (110) via a fifth pipeline (250), the fourth pipeline (240) is in communication with an air inlet (165), and the fifth pipeline (250) is in communication with a waste air outlet (166).

5. The high temperature oxide fuel cell system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air preheater (130) is connected to the air heat exchanger (150) via a sixth pipeline (260), and the sixth pipeline (260) is in communication with the air inlet (165).

6. The high temperature oxide fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein: The hydrogen heat exchanger (140) is connected to a seventh pipeline (270) and an eighth pipeline (280), and the seventh pipeline (270) and the eighth pipeline (280) are both connected to the hydrogen inlet (161). The seventh pipeline (270) is used for hydrogen to enter, and the eighth pipeline (280) is used for nitrogen to enter. The seventh pipeline (270) is provided with a first monitoring device for detecting the pressure and flow of the seventh pipeline (270), and the eighth pipeline (280) is provided with a second monitoring device for monitoring the pressure and flow of the eighth pipeline (280).

7. The high temperature oxide fuel cell system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The seventh pipeline (270) is provided with a first regulating device for regulating the pressure and flow of the seventh pipeline (270), and the eighth pipeline (280) is provided with a second regulating device for regulating the pressure and flow of the eighth pipeline (280).

8. The high temperature oxide fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes a heat-insulating shell (170), which covers the hydrogen heat exchanger (140) and the air heat exchanger (150) to provide heat insulation protection.

9. The high temperature oxide fuel cell system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The battery stack (110) is provided on a guide post (111), and the guide post (111) penetrates the heat-insulating shell (170) and is used for connecting to an external circuit.

10. The high temperature oxide fuel cell system according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a packaging shell (180), wherein the steam preheater (120), the battery stack (110), and the air preheater (130) are placed in the packaging shell (180), and the heat-insulating shell (170) is buckled into the packaging shell (180).

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