Power line carrier inter-phase coupler, three-phase power system and multi-three-phase power system for cross-system communication

Abstract

The invention relates to a power line carrier interphase coupler, a three-phase power system and a multi-three-phase power system for cross-system communication, which are mainly used for solving the technical problem that different phases of a single or a plurality of three-phase power systems cannot perform signal communication. The invention provides a power line carrier interphase coupler which comprises a first carrier signal processing circuit connected with an A-phase power line, a second carrier signal processing circuit connected with a B-phase power line, and an isolation unit connected between the first carrier signal processing circuit and the second carrier signal processing circuit. The power line carrier interphase coupler solves the problem of hindering of power line communication between different phases, the application range of the power line carrier internet of things can be expanded through the power line carrier interphase coupler, and the limitation of power line carrier long-distance transmission is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to phase-to-phase couplers, in particular to a power line carrier phase-to-phase coupler, a three-phase electric system applying the coupler and a multi-three-phase electric system for cross-system communication. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of Internet of Things technology, its application scenarios are expanding. Internet of Things connects various devices, sensors, etc. through the Internet to realize data exchange and intelligent control. Different countries regard Internet of Things as an important driver of economic growth, and Internet of Things can promote economic development from market demands such as smart home, industrial automation, and smart city. At the same time, China has formulated long-term regulations from the policy level, such as the double carbon goal, which will achieve carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060. At present, the communication between devices mainly relies on wireless methods such as WIFI, Bluetooth, and 5G. However, in the process of the vigorous development of Internet of Things, the limitations of wireless communication technology gradually appear, especially in terms of security and energy management. On the one hand, with the rapid increase in the number of connected devices, data security and privacy protection face serious challenges; on the other hand, the continuous operation of a large number of devices puts a huge pressure on energy supply.

[0003] A three-phase electric system is a power transmission and distribution system widely used in industrial, commercial, and some residential areas. The three-phase electric system usually consists of three phases (A, B, and C), each providing the same voltage but with a phase difference of 120 degrees. With the continuous expansion of Internet of Things application scenarios, the number and variety of connected devices are increasing, and these loads may be mounted on different phases of the same three-phase electric system or between different phases of two three-phase electric systems. However, whether in the same three-phase electric system or in multiple different three-phase electric systems, different phases cannot communicate with each other. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to solve the technical problem that different phases in a single or multiple three-phase electric systems cannot communicate with each other, and to propose a power line carrier phase-to-phase coupler, a three-phase electric system applying the coupler, and a multi-three-phase electric system for cross-system communication.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions provided by the present application are as follows:

[0006] A power line carrier phase-to-phase coupler, characterized in that:

[0007] It comprises a first carrier signal processing circuit connected to a phase power line in a three-phase electric system, a second carrier signal processing circuit connected to another phase power line in the three-phase electric system, and an isolation unit connected between the first carrier signal processing circuit and the second carrier signal processing circuit;

[0008] The first carrier signal processing circuit is used to extract the carrier signal on one phase power line in the three-phase power system, demodulate it into a digital signal and transmit it to the second carrier signal processing circuit, and modulate the received digital signal and load it onto the phase power line;

[0009] The second carrier signal processing circuit is used to modulate the received digital signal and load it onto another phase power line in the three-phase power system, or to extract and demodulate the carrier signal on the phase power line into a digital signal and transmit it to the first carrier signal processing circuit;

[0010] The isolation unit is used to electrically isolate the first carrier signal processing circuit and the second carrier signal processing circuit and transmit the carrier signal;

[0011] The first carrier signal processing circuit and the second carrier signal processing circuit have the same structure;

[0012] The first carrier signal processing circuit and the second carrier signal processing circuit each include a power supply module and a data processing module;

[0013] One end of the power supply module is used to connect to one phase power line of the three-phase power system for drawing power, and the other end is connected to the data processing module for supplying power to the data processing module;

[0014] One end of the data processing module is used to connect to one-phase power line in a three-phase power system for extracting or loading carrier signals, and the other end is bidirectionally connected to the isolation unit for transmitting digital signals.

[0015] Furthermore, the data processing module includes a coupling unit, a carrier transceiver unit, an MCU main control unit, a UART unit, a port protection unit, a storage unit and a protocol / rule / control instruction library unit;

[0016] One end of the signal coupling unit is bidirectionally connected to a corresponding one-phase power line in the three-phase power system, and the other end is bidirectionally connected to the carrier transceiver unit, and is used to load the carrier signal sent by the carrier transceiver unit onto the phase power line and extract the carrier signal from the phase power line;

[0017] The carrier transceiver unit is bidirectionally connected to the main control unit and is used to modulate the digital signal into a carrier signal, or demodulate the carrier signal into a digital signal;

[0018] The MCU main control unit is bidirectionally connected to the UART unit, the protocol / statute / control instruction library unit, and the storage unit, respectively, for encapsulating digital signals or parsing digital signals;

[0019] The UART unit is bidirectionally connected to the port protection unit for transmitting digital signals;

[0020] The port protection unit is bidirectionally connected with the isolation unit;

[0021] The storage unit is used for storing the algorithm program of the power line carrier and the data temporarily stored in the data processing process;

[0022] The protocol / convention / control instruction library unit is used for interfacing different conventions and exchanging and converting protocol data.

[0023] Further, the isolation unit comprises a first optocoupler and a second optocoupler;

[0024] The input end of the first optocoupler is connected with the port protection unit of the first carrier signal processing circuit, and the output end is connected with the port protection unit of the second carrier signal processing circuit;

[0025] The input end of the second optocoupler is connected with the port protection unit of the second carrier signal processing circuit, and the output end is connected with the port protection unit of the first carrier signal processing circuit.

[0026] Further, the power supply module adopts a non-isolated power supply topology.

[0027] Further, a protection unit is further included; one end of the protection unit is bidirectionally connected with the coupling unit, and the other end is connected with a corresponding phase power line in the three-phase electric system, and is used for preventing lightning surge or static electricity damage on the phase power line.

[0028] Further, the signal coupling unit adopts capacitive coupling.

[0029] The application further provides a three-phase electric system, which is special in that:

[0030] The three-phase electric system comprises an A-phase power line, a B-phase power line and a C-phase power line adopting star connection, an inter-phase coupler connected between any two phase power lines, a signal loader connected on any one phase, and a signal demodulator connected on each phase power line;

[0031] The inter-phase coupler adopts the above power line carrier inter-phase coupler;

[0032] A first carrier signal processing circuit of a power line carrier inter-phase coupler is connected with the A-phase power line, and a second carrier signal processing circuit is connected with the B-phase power line;

[0033] A first carrier signal processing circuit of another power line carrier inter-phase coupler is connected with the B-phase power line, and a second carrier signal processing circuit is connected with the C-phase power line;

[0034] The two power line carrier inter-phase couplers are bidirectionally connected;

[0035] One end of the signal loader is connected to one phase of the power line, and the other end is connected to the neutral line of the three-phase power system, for issuing control instructions;

[0036] One end of the signal demodulator is connected to each phase power line respectively, and the other end is connected to the neutral line of the three-phase power system. The output end is connected to the load for transmitting the control instruction to the load.

[0037] The present invention also provides a multi-three-phase power system with cross-system communication, which is special in that:

[0038] comprising at least two three-phase electrical systems, a signal demodulator and a signal loader, and at least one interphase coupler;

[0039] The interphase coupler adopts the above-mentioned power line carrier interphase coupler;

[0040] The first carrier signal processing circuit of the power line carrier phase-to-phase coupler is connected to any one phase power line of one of the three-phase electrical systems, and a signal loader and a signal demodulator are respectively connected to the phase power line, and the output end of the signal demodulator is used to be connected to the load of the phase; the second carrier signal processing circuit is connected to any one phase power line of the other three-phase electrical system, and another signal loader and a signal demodulator are respectively connected to the phase power line, and the output end of the signal demodulator is used to be connected to the load of the phase.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] The power line carrier interphase coupler provided by the present invention includes a first carrier signal processing circuit connected to the A-phase power line, a second carrier signal processing circuit connected to the B-phase power line, and an isolation unit connected between the first and second carrier signal processing circuits. By integrating "power line + communication," the power line carrier interphase coupler improves noise immunity and overcomes the limitations of long transmission distances.

[0043] 2. The power line carrier interphase coupler provided by this invention reuses existing power line infrastructure, eliminating the need for additional fiber optic cables or wireless base stations, thereby significantly reducing the deployment cost of the communication system. It is particularly suitable for remote areas or complex building environments (such as factories and underground pipe networks). The present invention can directly utilize the power lines of existing three-phase power systems as a communication medium, rapidly achieving communication coverage and shortening project cycles. There is no need to modify the physical structure of the power grid; only the coupler needs to be installed at the power node.

[0044] 3. The three-phase power system provided by the present invention achieves efficient communication between phases A, B, and C by introducing a power line carrier interphase coupler into the three-phase power system. By connecting one interphase coupler between any two phases, the signal from one phase can be coupled to another; or by connecting two interphase couplers between two phases, the signal on the middle phase can be coupled to the other two phases; or by connecting two interphase couplers between two phases, the signal on any three phases can be coupled to the other two phases. No additional communication lines are required, the existing power line infrastructure is fully utilized, and the efficiency and reliability of signal transmission are greatly improved.

[0045] 4. The multi-three-phase power system with cross-system communication provided by the present invention enables efficient communication between different three-phase power systems. The system uses existing power lines as a communication medium, eliminating the need for additional wiring and significantly reducing deployment costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 This is a connection diagram of an embodiment of a power line carrier interphase coupler of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure principle of an embodiment of a power line carrier interphase coupler of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a connection diagram of a three-phase power system embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the connection of a multi-three-phase electrical system embodiment of cross-system communication according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0051] The present invention provides a power line carrier phase coupler, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a first carrier signal processing circuit connected to the A-phase power line, a second carrier signal processing circuit connected to the B-phase power line, and an isolation unit connected between the first carrier signal processing circuit and the second carrier signal processing circuit;

[0052] The first and second carrier signal processing circuits have the same structure and are symmetrical about the isolation unit. The first carrier signal processing circuit extracts and demodulates the carrier signal on the A-phase power line into a digital signal, which is then transmitted to the B-phase communication unit. The B-phase communication unit then modulates the digital signal into a carrier signal and transmits it to the B-phase power line, enabling large-scale power line applications.

[0053] The first carrier signal processing circuit and the second carrier signal processing circuit each include a power supply module and a data processing module;

[0054] The power supply module is connected between one phase of the three-phase power system and the data processing module to supply power to the data processing module. The power supply module adopts a non-isolated power supply topology.

[0055] The power supply module's primary function is to convert incoming AC power into low-voltage DC output. This conversion is accomplished through various switching power supply topologies. By selecting different switching power supply topologies, the power supply module can adapt to grid voltage standards in different countries and regions, such as 220V AC in China and Europe, and 120V AC in the United States and Canada.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, the data processing module includes a protection unit, a coupling unit, a carrier transceiver unit, an MCU main control unit, a UART unit, a port protection unit, a storage unit and a protocol / rule / control instruction library unit;

[0057] One end of the protection unit is bidirectionally connected to the signal coupling unit, and the other end is bidirectionally connected to a single-phase power line in a three-phase power system. The protection unit utilizes a varistor, whose specifications can be adjusted to meet different protection level requirements. The protection unit also utilizes a corresponding ESD device.

[0058] The signal coupling unit is bidirectionally connected to the carrier transceiver unit and is used to load the carrier signal onto the A / B phase power line or extract the carrier signal from the A / B phase power line; the signal coupling unit adopts capacitive coupling.

[0059] The carrier transceiver unit is bidirectionally connected to the main control unit and is used to modulate the digital signal into a carrier signal, or demodulate the carrier signal into a digital signal;

[0060] The MCU main control unit is bidirectionally connected to the UART unit, the protocol / rule / control instruction library unit, and the storage unit to encapsulate and analyze digital signals. The interphase coupler uses an extremely low-power MCU main control unit. The data processing module consumes less than 10mW in standby mode and less than 30mW when receiving and transmitting data.

[0061] The application of low-power MCU main control unit enables the power supply part of the power supply to adopt various forms of power supply topology, so the volume of the power line carrier phase coupler can be made smaller.

[0062] The UART unit is bidirectionally connected to the port protection unit for transmitting digital signals;

[0063] The port protection unit is bidirectionally connected to the isolation unit;

[0064] The storage unit adopts DATA-RAM memory or DATA-E2PROM memory to store the algorithm program of power line carrier and the data temporarily stored in the process of data processing;

[0065] The protocol / statute / control instruction library unit is used to connect different protocols and exchange and convert protocol data. The protocol / statute / control instruction library unit supports PWM, TTL, I2C, SPI protocols, and supports protocol and protocol customization.

[0066] A protocol is a set of agreements and rules that must be adhered to by both communicating parties. In power carrier communications, the protocol defines the data transmission format, encoding method, and other aspects. A protocol generally refers to the specific agreements and standards for the communication process. It includes communication timing, signal priority, and data organization. A control instruction library stores a collection of various control instructions. The protocol / protocol / control instruction library unit can support output in multiple data formats based on different application scenarios and requirements. In smart home systems, it may be necessary to communicate with smart devices that support the JSON format; in industrial automation systems, it may be necessary to communicate with devices that support binary protocols.

[0067] The isolation unit includes a first optocoupler and a second optocoupler; the input end of the first optocoupler is connected to the port protection unit of the first carrier signal processing circuit, and the output end is connected to the port protection unit of the second carrier signal processing circuit. The input end of the second optocoupler is connected to the port protection unit of the second carrier signal processing circuit, and the output end is connected to the port protection unit of the first carrier signal processing circuit.

[0068] The isolation unit has two main functions: one is to transmit digital signals, and the other is to isolate the first carrier signal processing circuit from the second carrier signal processing circuit. Therefore, when the power line carrier phase coupler is connected to the A-phase power line and the B-phase power line, it can be used without distinguishing between the neutral wire and the live wire, which is convenient for application.

[0069] The present invention also provides a three-phase power system, comprising a star-connected A-phase power line, a B-phase power line, and a C-phase power line, an interphase coupler connected between any two phase power lines, a signal loader connected to any one of the phases, and a signal demodulator connected to each phase power line;

[0070] The interphase coupler adopts the above-mentioned power line carrier interphase coupler;

[0071] A first carrier signal processing circuit of a power line carrier interphase coupler is connected to the A-phase power line, and a second carrier signal processing circuit is connected to the B-phase power line;

[0072] The first carrier signal processing circuit of another power line carrier interphase coupler is connected to the B-phase power line, and the second carrier signal processing circuit is connected to the C-phase power line;

[0073] Bidirectional connection between two power line carrier phase couplers;

[0074] One end of the signal loader is connected to one phase of the power line, and the other end is connected to the neutral line of the three-phase power system to issue control instructions;

[0075] One end of the signal demodulator is connected to each phase power line respectively, and the other end is connected to the neutral line of the three-phase power system. The output end is connected to the load for transmitting control instructions to the load.

[0076] like Figure 3 As shown, the two power line carrier phase-to-phase couplers are mainly installed in the distribution panel, and the four ports of the two power line carrier phase-to-phase couplers are connected to the different phases and the common port of the three-phase power system. The signal loader on phase A can not only control the load of phase A through the signal demodulator, but also control the signal demodulators and signal demodulators of phases B and C respectively through the power line carrier phase-to-phase couplers, thereby controlling the loads of phases B and C. This allows signals to be transmitted between all three phases, expanding the scale of application scenarios.

[0077] The present invention also provides a multi-three-phase power system for cross-system communication, comprising at least two three-phase power systems, a signal demodulator, a signal loader, and at least one interphase coupler. The interphase coupler adopts the above-mentioned power line carrier interphase coupler.

[0078] The first carrier signal processing circuit of the power line carrier phase-to-phase coupler is connected to any one-phase power line of one of the three-phase electrical systems, and a signal loader and a signal demodulator are respectively connected to the phase power line, and the output end of the signal demodulator is used to be connected to the load of the phase; the second carrier signal processing circuit is connected to any one-phase power line of the other three-phase electrical system, and another signal loader and a signal demodulator are respectively connected to the phase power line, and the output end of the signal demodulator is used to be connected to the load of the phase.

[0079] like Figure 4As shown, the connection ports N and A of one phase are connected to the first carrier signal processing circuit of the power line carrier interphase coupler, and the connection ports N and B of the other phase are connected to the second carrier signal processing circuit of the power line carrier interphase coupler. The upper control signal of one signal loader can be coupled to the connection ports on the N and B sides through the N and A interfaces, and the load of phase B can be controlled through the signal demodulator. The upper control signal of another signal loader can be coupled to the connection ports on the N and A sides through the N and B interfaces, and the load of phase A can be controlled through the signal demodulator, so that the signal can be transmitted between any two phases to be controlled, expanding the scale of application scenarios, and achieving simple installation, plug-and-play, and low installation cost.

Claims

1. A power line carrier interphase coupler, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first carrier signal processing circuit connected to a power line of one phase in a three-phase power system, a second carrier signal processing circuit connected to a power line of another phase in the three-phase power system, and an isolation unit connected between the first carrier signal processing circuit and the second carrier signal processing circuit; The first carrier signal processing circuit is used to extract the carrier signal on one phase power line in the three-phase power system, demodulate it into a digital signal and transmit it to the second carrier signal processing circuit, and modulate the received digital signal and load it onto the phase power line; The second carrier signal processing circuit is used to modulate the received digital signal and load it onto another phase power line in the three-phase power system, or to extract and demodulate the carrier signal on the phase power line into a digital signal and transmit it to the first carrier signal processing circuit; The isolation unit is used to electrically isolate the first carrier signal processing circuit and the second carrier signal processing circuit and transmit the carrier signal; The first carrier signal processing circuit and the second carrier signal processing circuit have the same structure; The first carrier signal processing circuit and the second carrier signal processing circuit each include a power supply module and a data processing module; One end of the power supply module is used to connect to one phase power line of the three-phase power system for drawing power, and the other end is connected to the data processing module for supplying power to the data processing module; One end of the data processing module is used to connect to one-phase power line in a three-phase power system for extracting or loading carrier signals, and the other end is bidirectionally connected to the isolation unit for transmitting digital signals.

2. The power line carrier interphase coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data processing module includes a coupling unit, a carrier transceiver unit, an MCU main control unit, a UART unit, a port protection unit, a storage unit and a protocol / rule / control instruction library unit; One end of the signal coupling unit is bidirectionally connected to a corresponding one-phase power line in the three-phase power system, and the other end is bidirectionally connected to the carrier transceiver unit, and is used to load the carrier signal sent by the carrier transceiver unit onto the phase power line and extract the carrier signal from the phase power line; The carrier transceiver unit is bidirectionally connected to the main control unit and is used to modulate the digital signal into a carrier signal, or demodulate the carrier signal into a digital signal; The MCU main control unit is bidirectionally connected to the UART unit, the protocol / statute / control instruction library unit, and the storage unit, respectively, for encapsulating digital signals or parsing digital signals; The UART unit is bidirectionally connected to the port protection unit for transmitting digital signals; The port protection unit is bidirectionally connected to the isolation unit; The storage unit is used to store the algorithm program of the power line carrier and the data temporarily stored during the data processing; The protocol / statute / control instruction library unit is used for connecting different protocols and exchanging and converting protocol data.

3. The power line carrier interphase coupler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The isolation unit includes a first optical coupler and a second optical coupler; The input end of the first optical coupler is connected to the port protection unit of the first carrier signal processing circuit, and the output end is connected to the port protection unit of the second carrier signal processing circuit; The input end of the second optical coupler is connected to the port protection unit of the second carrier signal processing circuit, and the output end of the second optical coupler is connected to the port protection unit of the first carrier signal processing circuit.

4. The power line carrier interphase coupler according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power supply module adopts a non-isolated power supply topology structure.

5. The power line carrier interphase coupler according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a protection unit; one end of the protection unit is bidirectionally connected to the coupling unit, and the other end is connected to the corresponding one-phase power line in the three-phase power system to prevent lightning surge or static damage on the phase power line.

6. The power line carrier interphase coupler according to claim 5, characterized in that: The signal coupling unit adopts capacitive coupling.

7. A three-phase power system, characterized in that: It includes a star-connected A-phase power line, a B-phase power line, and a C-phase power line, an interphase coupler connected between any two phase power lines, a signal loader connected to any one of the phases, and a signal demodulator connected to each phase power line; The interphase coupler adopts the power line carrier interphase coupler according to any one of claims 1 to 6; A first carrier signal processing circuit of a power line carrier interphase coupler is connected to the A-phase power line, and a second carrier signal processing circuit is connected to the B-phase power line; The first carrier signal processing circuit of another power line carrier interphase coupler is connected to the B-phase power line, and the second carrier signal processing circuit is connected to the C-phase power line; Bidirectional connection between two power line carrier phase couplers; One end of the signal loader is connected to one phase of the power line, and the other end is connected to the neutral line of the three-phase power system, for issuing control instructions; One end of the signal demodulator is connected to each phase power line respectively, and the other end is connected to the neutral line of the three-phase power system. The output end is connected to the load for transmitting the control instruction to the load.

8. A multi-three-phase electrical system with cross-system communication, characterized by: comprising at least two three-phase electrical systems, a signal demodulator and a signal loader, and at least one interphase coupler; The interphase coupler adopts the power line carrier interphase coupler according to any one of claims 1 to 6; The first carrier signal processing circuit of the power line carrier phase-to-phase coupler is connected to any one phase power line of one of the three-phase electrical systems, and a signal loader and a signal demodulator are respectively connected to the phase power line, and the output end of the signal demodulator is used to be connected to the load of the phase; the second carrier signal processing circuit is connected to any one phase power line of the other three-phase electrical system, and another signal loader and a signal demodulator are respectively connected to the phase power line, and the output end of the signal demodulator is used to be connected to the load of the phase.

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