Data transmission method, system and device, readable storage medium and program product

Abstract

The invention relates to a data transmission method, system and device, a readable storage medium and a program product. The method comprises the following steps: under the condition that first equipment receives an electric signal to be transmitted, controlling an optical module in the first equipment to convert the electric signal into an optical signal, and transmitting the optical signal to an input port of an optical path switching device through a single-fiber bidirectional channel; controlling the optical path switching device to extract a destination address in a header of the optical signal, determining a second device corresponding to the destination address, and transmitting the optical signal to the second device corresponding to the destination address through a hollow-core optical fiber; and the second equipment is used for restoring the received optical signal into an electric signal and outputting the electric signal. By adopting the method, the data transmission flexibility can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of optical connection technology, and in particular to a data transmission method, system, computer equipment, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product. Background Art

[0002] With the vigorous development of AI technology, large-scale model training has become the core driving force for the development of intelligent computing centers. It has put forward higher development requirements in terms of data processing and computing, network scale, latency and energy consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to build an optical network with ultra-large bandwidth and ultra-low latency. All-optical networks have always been considered a solid foundation for data center network connections. Network equipment at all levels uses optical modules to carry data traffic and transmits data through optical fibers. As the complexity and data volume of AI models continue to increase, a large number of high-speed optical modules are needed between different switches and servers to meet the needs of large-capacity switching. The traditional method of establishing transmission connections between different switches through fixed optical fibers has poor flexibility, resulting in a significant increase in the number of optical fibers required when a large number of optical modules are added. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a data transmission method, system, computer device, computer-readable storage medium and computer program product that can improve the flexibility of data transmission in response to the above technical problems.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a data transmission method, comprising:

[0005] When the first device receives an electrical signal to be transmitted, controlling the optical module in the first device to convert the electrical signal into an optical signal, and transmitting the optical signal to the input port of the optical path switching device through a single-fiber bidirectional channel;

[0006] Control the optical path switching device to extract the destination address in the header of the optical signal, determine the second device corresponding to the destination address, and transmit the optical signal to the second device corresponding to the destination address through a hollow-core optical fiber; the second device is used to restore the received optical signal to an electrical signal and then output it.

[0007] In one embodiment, the optical module includes a digital signal processing chip, a driver array unit, a modulator array unit, and an optical path selection array unit; and controlling the optical module in the first device to convert the electrical signal into an optical signal includes:

[0008] Controlling the first device to perform electrical domain pre-emphasis or de-emphasis processing on the received electrical signal through the digital signal processing chip in the optical module to obtain a processed signal;

[0009] modulating the processed signal into an optical signal through the driver array unit;

[0010] The optical signal is output to the optical signal port of the optical module through the optical path selection array unit, and is output to the input port of the optical path switching device through the single-fiber bidirectional channel corresponding to the optical fiber connected to the optical signal port.

[0011] In one embodiment, the method further comprises:

[0012] When the optical path switching device receives the optical signal sent to the first device, controlling the optical path switching device to transmit the optical signal to the first device through the single-fiber bidirectional channel;

[0013] Control the optical module in the first device to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal.

[0014] In one embodiment, the optical module includes an optical path selection array unit, a receiver array unit, an amplification circuit array unit, and a digital signal processing chip; and controlling the optical module in the first device to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal includes:

[0015] Controlling the first device to receive the optical signal transmitted by the optical path switching device through the optical path selection array unit in the optical module, and sending the optical signal to the receiver array unit;

[0016] converting the optical signal into an electrical signal through the receiver array unit;

[0017] amplifying the electrical signal by the amplifier circuit array unit to obtain an amplified signal;

[0018] The amplified signal is equalized by the digital signal processing chip to output the original signal.

[0019] In one embodiment, the optical path switching device is provided on the first device side or the second device side;

[0020] When the optical path switching device is provided on the first device side, a connection is established between the optical path switching device and the second device via a hollow-core optical fiber;

[0021] The two ends of the hollow-core optical fiber are respectively connected to the optical path switching device and the second device through two sections of single-mode optical fibers. The connection between the hollow-core optical fiber and the two sections of single-mode optical fibers adopts core expansion, reverse taper or adding a section of multi-mode optical fiber for mode field matching, and uses anti-reflection mode coating or beveled hollow-core optical fiber to reduce return loss.

[0022] In one of the embodiments, the optical path switching device has a plurality of ports, and the first device is provided with a plurality of optical modules, the optical modules being single-fiber bidirectional direct modulation direct detection optical modules, each optical module corresponding to a plurality of channels;

[0023] Each channel of the optical module occupies one port of the optical path switching device, and the optical transmitting unit corresponding to each channel uses a laser with the same wavelength to emit light, and each channel is a single-fiber bidirectional channel.

[0024] In a second aspect, the application further provides a data transmission system, comprising:

[0025] A first control unit is configured to, in a case where the first device receives an electrical signal to be transmitted, control an optical module in the first device to convert the electrical signal into an optical signal, and transmit the optical signal to an input port of an optical path switching device through a single-fiber bidirectional channel.

[0026] A second control unit is configured to control the optical path switching device to extract a destination address in a header of the optical signal, determine a second device corresponding to the destination address, and transmit the optical signal to the second device corresponding to the destination address through a hollow optical fiber; and the second device is configured to output an electrical signal after restoring the received optical signal.

[0027] In a third aspect, the application further provides a computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the following steps when executing the computer program:

[0028] In a case where the first device receives an electrical signal to be transmitted, the processor controls an optical module in the first device to convert the electrical signal into an optical signal, and transmits the optical signal to an input port of an optical path switching device through a single-fiber bidirectional channel.

[0029] The processor controls the optical path switching device to extract a destination address in a header of the optical signal, determines a second device corresponding to the destination address, and transmits the optical signal to the second device corresponding to the destination address through a hollow optical fiber; and the second device is configured to output an electrical signal after restoring the received optical signal.

[0030] In a fourth aspect, the application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the following steps:

[0031] In a case where the first device receives an electrical signal to be transmitted, the processor controls an optical module in the first device to convert the electrical signal into an optical signal, and transmits the optical signal to an input port of an optical path switching device through a single-fiber bidirectional channel.

[0032] Control the optical path switching device to extract the destination address in the header of the optical signal, determine the second device corresponding to the destination address, and transmit the optical signal to the second device corresponding to the destination address through a hollow-core optical fiber; the second device is used to restore the received optical signal to an electrical signal and then output it.

[0033] In a fifth aspect, the present application further provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps:

[0034] When the first device receives an electrical signal to be transmitted, controlling the optical module in the first device to convert the electrical signal into an optical signal, and transmitting the optical signal to the input port of the optical path switching device through a single-fiber bidirectional channel;

[0035] Control the optical path switching device to extract the destination address in the header of the optical signal, determine the second device corresponding to the destination address, and transmit the optical signal to the second device corresponding to the destination address through a hollow-core optical fiber; the second device is used to restore the received optical signal to an electrical signal and then output it.

[0036] The aforementioned data transmission method, system, computer device, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product, when a first device receives an electrical signal to be transmitted, converts the electrical signal into an optical signal via an optical module in the first device, and transmits the optical signal to an input port of an optical path switching device via a single-fiber bidirectional channel. The optical path switching device is then controlled to extract the destination address from the header of the optical signal, determine the second device corresponding to the destination address, and transmit the optical signal to the second device corresponding to the destination address via a hollow-core optical fiber. The second device is configured to convert the received optical signal into an electrical signal for output. The data transmission method proposed by the method schedules and transmits the optical signal transmitted by the first device by constructing an optical path switching device. Compared with the traditional method of connecting the first device and the second device through a fixed optical fiber, the method can realize signal transmission from any input port to any output port, greatly improving the flexibility of signal transmission between different devices; further, by establishing a single-fiber bidirectional channel between the first device and the optical path switching device, the optical module in the first device can use only one optical fiber to realize the sending / receiving transmission connection with the optical path switching device, which can save the number of ports of the optical path switching device; further, between the optical path switching device and the second device, using hollow-core optical fiber instead of ordinary optical fiber can reduce transmission delay, ensure high-reliability transmission of data traffic, and support long-distance communication across data rooms; further, the optical path switching device only needs to parse the header information to determine the device corresponding to the destination address, that is, it allows data scheduling and routing to be performed directly in the optical domain without converting the optical signal into an electrical signal for processing, thereby reducing the delay and power consumption introduced by photoelectric conversion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the related art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present application or the related art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 An application environment diagram of a data transmission method in an embodiment;

[0039] Figure 2 A flowchart of a data transmission method in an embodiment;

[0040] Figure 3 A flowchart of a process in which an optical module converts an electrical signal into an optical signal in an embodiment;

[0041] Figure 4 A functional block diagram of an internal structure of an optical module in an embodiment;

[0042] Figure 5 A flowchart of a process in which an optical module converts an optical signal into an electrical signal in an embodiment;

[0043] Figure 6 A functional block diagram of an internal structure of an optical path switching device in an embodiment;

[0044] Figure 7 A structural block diagram of a data transmission system in an embodiment;

[0045] Figure 8 An internal structure diagram of a computer device in an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the following will further describe the present application in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.

[0047] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-described drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily indicate a specific order or a chronological sequence. It should be understood that the data thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein. The terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof used in the present application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The term "a plurality of" used in the present application refers to two or more.

[0048] The data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to Figure 1 The illustrated application environment includes multiple first devices 101, multiple second devices 102, and an optical path switching device 103. The first devices 101 and the second devices 102 communicate data via the optical path switching device 103 and optical fibers. The optical path switching device 103, which can be implemented using liquid crystal on silicon (LCS) or piezoelectric ceramics, is used to schedule data transmission between the first and second devices 101, 102. It can route optical signals from any input port to any output port. For example, this can schedule communication between a first device 101 and a second device 102 (device-level scheduling). Another example is scheduling communication between any channel of a first device 101 and any channel of a second device 102 (channel-level (or wavelength-level) scheduling). The integrated management and control system achieves end-to-end data flow control and scheduling by controlling the first devices 101, the second devices 102, and the optical path switching device 103. The first device 101 and the optical path switching device 103 , as well as the optical path switching device 103 and the second device 102 are connected via optical fibers, specifically single-fiber bidirectional channel connections, that is, a single optical fiber can both transmit and receive data.

[0049] The first device 101 and the second device 102 can be devices of the same network architecture level within the data center, or devices of different network architecture levels. The first device 101 and the second device 102 can be specifically in the form of switches or routers. Figure 1 As shown, both the first device 101 and the second device 102 have multiple ports and can be configured with multiple optical modules, each of which corresponds to multiple channels. The optical modules are high-speed, single-fiber, bidirectional, direct-modulation, and direct-detection optical modules. They utilize wavelength division multiplexing technology to achieve bidirectional signal transmission on a single optical fiber. They feature direct modulation and direct-detection capabilities, directly modulating the light source and directly detecting received optical signals. This means each channel functions as both an output and an input (because it's a single optical fiber). The optical modules have multiple parallel channels, each consisting of a transmitting and receiving unit. The rate of a single channel depends on the operating bandwidth of the transmitting and receiving optoelectronic components. For example, a 1.6Tb / s optical module has eight sub-channels (n=8), each with a rate of 200Gb / s; a 1.6Tb / s optical module has 16 sub-channels (n=16), each with a rate of 100Gb / s.

[0050] In the application scenario of the present application, when the first device 101 receives the electrical signal to be transmitted, the electrical signal is converted into an optical signal through the optical module in the first device 101, and the optical signal is transmitted to the input port of the optical path switching device 103 through a single-fiber bidirectional channel. The integrated management and control system controls the optical path switching device 103 to extract the destination address in the header of the optical signal, and transmits the optical signal to the second device 102 corresponding to the destination address through a hollow-core optical fiber. The second device receives the optical signal and restores the optical signal to an electrical signal before outputting it. In this way, end-to-end data transmission scheduling between the first device 101 and the second device 102 is achieved. Compared with ordinary optical fibers, the use of hollow-core optical fibers for signal transmission can effectively reduce the optical path delay by 1 / 3. At the same time, the low insertion loss and low nonlinear effect of hollow-core optical fibers can ensure high-reliability transmission of data traffic, thereby supporting long-distance lossless transmission across computer rooms.

[0051] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, a data transmission method is provided, which is applied to Figure 1 The integrated management and control system in the example is used to illustrate the following steps:

[0052] In step S210 , when the first device receives an electrical signal to be transmitted, the optical module in the first device is controlled to convert the electrical signal into an optical signal, and the optical signal is transmitted to the input port of the optical path switching device through a single-fiber bidirectional channel.

[0053] In a specific implementation, after a first device receives an electrical signal to be transmitted, the integrated management and control system can send a control instruction to the first device, causing the first device to convert and transmit the received electrical signal. Specifically, the optical module in the first device that receives the electrical signal first performs electrical-to-optical conversion on the received electrical signal. After converting the electrical signal into an optical signal, the converted optical signal is transmitted to the input port of the optical path switching device via each single-fiber bidirectional channel established between the first device and the optical path switching device.

[0054] It can be understood that the channel between the first device and the optical path switching device is a single-fiber bidirectional channel, that is, for the same channel, the first device can transmit optical signals to the optical path switching device through the channel, and the optical path switching device can also transmit optical signals to the first device through the channel.

[0055] For example, device A has m optical modules. Each module occupies a unique channel for transmission / reception. Assuming there are n channels in total, namely channel 1, channel 2, ..., channel n, the total number of channels is m × n. Compared to traditional optical modules, this number of channels is halved (traditional optical modules use two channels for transmission and reception, resulting in a total of 2m × n channels). Therefore, at the same rate or capacity, the number of ports connected to the optical path switching device is halved, saving the number of ports required for the optical path switching device.

[0056] Step S220, control the optical path switching device to extract the destination address in the header of the optical signal, determine the second device corresponding to the destination address, and transmit the optical signal to the second device corresponding to the destination address through the hollow-core optical fiber; the second device is used to restore the received optical signal to an electrical signal and then output it.

[0057] In a specific implementation, after the first device transmits the converted optical signal to the optical path switching device, the integrated management and control system controls the optical path switching device to transmit the optical signal to the second device. Specifically, the Ethernet message header of the electrical signal received by the first device contains information such as the source address and the destination address. The first device converts the electrical signal into an optical signal, which is a conversion of the electrical signal itself. The content of the message header remains unchanged, so the content of the message header of the converted optical signal remains unchanged. Therefore, after the optical path switching device receives the converted optical signal, it can extract the destination address from the header of the optical signal and determine the second device corresponding to the destination address, so that the optical signal can be transmitted to the second device corresponding to the destination address. After the second device receives the optical signal, it converts the optical signal into an electrical signal and outputs it, realizing photoelectric conversion.

[0058] In this step, the first device and the second device are located in separate computer rooms. Considering the potential for signal transmission loss when the two computer rooms are relatively far apart (for example, 80-120 km between two neighboring cities), hollow-core fiber is used instead of conventional single-mode fiber for signal transmission. This fiber establishes a transmission channel between the second device and an optical switching device, which then transmits the optical signal to the second device at the destination address. Leveraging the properties of hollow-core fiber, this effectively reduces transmission latency, ensuring highly reliable data transmission and supporting lossless transmission across long distances between computer rooms.

[0059] In the above-mentioned data transmission method, when a first device receives an electrical signal to be transmitted, an optical module in the first device converts the electrical signal into an optical signal, which is then transmitted to the input port of an optical path switching device via a single-fiber bidirectional channel. The optical path switching device is then controlled to extract the destination address from the header of the optical signal, determine the second device corresponding to the destination address, and transmit the optical signal to the second device corresponding to the destination address via a hollow-core optical fiber. The second device is then configured to convert the received optical signal into an electrical signal for output. The data transmission method proposed by the method schedules and transmits the optical signal transmitted by the first device by constructing an optical path switching device. Compared with the traditional method of connecting the first device and the second device through a fixed optical fiber, the method can realize signal transmission from any input port to any output port, greatly improving the flexibility of signal transmission between different devices; further, by establishing a single-fiber bidirectional channel between the first device and the optical path switching device, the optical module in the first device can use only one optical fiber to realize the sending / receiving transmission connection with the optical path switching device, which can save the number of ports of the optical path switching device; further, between the optical path switching device and the second device, using hollow-core optical fiber instead of ordinary optical fiber can reduce transmission delay, ensure high-reliability transmission of data traffic, and support long-distance communication across data rooms; further, the optical path switching device only needs to parse the header information to determine the device corresponding to the destination address, that is, it allows data scheduling and routing to be performed directly in the optical domain without converting the optical signal into an electrical signal for processing, thereby reducing the delay and power consumption introduced by photoelectric conversion.

[0060] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical module includes a digital signal processing chip, a driver array unit, a modulator array unit and an optical path selection array unit; Figure 3 As shown, step S210 controls the optical module in the first device to convert the electrical signal into an optical signal, including:

[0061] Step S211, controlling the first device to perform electrical domain pre-emphasis or de-emphasis processing on the received electrical signal through the digital signal processing chip in the optical module to obtain a processed signal;

[0062] Step S212, modulating the processed signal into an optical signal through the driver array unit;

[0063] Step S213: output the optical signal to the optical signal port of the optical module through the optical path selection array unit, and output the optical signal to the input port of the optical path switching device through the single-fiber bidirectional channel corresponding to the optical fiber connected to the optical signal port.

[0064] The optical path selection array unit is used to select the transmission direction of the optical path of the bidirectional channel, that is, to select whether the optical signal is input or output.

[0065] refer to Figure 4This is a functional block diagram of the internal structure of an optical module according to one embodiment. The optical module includes a digital signal processing chip (DSP), a driver array unit, a modulator array unit, and an optical path selection array unit. The DSP chip is used to receive and transmit data signals on the device side. When the optical module receives an input electrical signal, the electrical signal first enters the DSP chip, which performs electrical pre-emphasis or de-emphasis processing on the electrical signal to improve the integrity of the electrical signal in the transmission link. The processed signal enters the driver array unit, where it is modulated by a driver, such as a laser, into an optical signal. The optical signal then passes through an optical path selection array unit, such as an optical circulator, and is output to the optical signal port on the right side of the optical module. The optical signal port is connected to an optical fiber, the other end of which is connected to the input port of an optical path switching device. The connected optical fiber is a bidirectional channel formed by splicing a conventional single-mode fiber with a conventional fiber. The optical signal can be transmitted to the input port of the optical path switching device via the single-fiber bidirectional channel corresponding to the optical fiber connected to the optical signal port.

[0066] In this embodiment, the conversion of electrical signals into optical signals is achieved through a digital signal processing chip, a driver array unit, and a modulator array unit. The optical path direction is selected by an optical path selection array unit, and the optical signal is output to an optical path switching device to achieve output control of a single-fiber bidirectional channel. Thus, by controlling the propagation direction of the optical path, the uniqueness of the transmission direction is ensured.

[0067] In an exemplary embodiment, the method further includes: when the optical path switching device receives an optical signal sent to the first device, controlling the optical path switching device to transmit the optical signal to the first device through a single-fiber bidirectional channel, and controlling the optical module in the first device to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal.

[0068] It can be understood that the connection channel between the first device and the optical path switching device is a single-fiber bidirectional channel. Therefore, the first device can transmit optical signals to the optical path switching device through a single channel, and the optical path switching device can also transmit optical signals to the first device through the same channel. For example, the second device receives an electrical signal to be sent to the first device, converts it into an optical signal, and transmits it to the optical path switching device. The optical path switching device then transmits the optical signal to the first device through a single-fiber bidirectional channel, and the optical module in the first device converts the optical signal into an electrical signal. In this case, the roles of the first and second devices are reversed, and the second device receives the electrical signal, converts it, and transmits it to the first device.

[0069] In this embodiment, a single-fiber bidirectional channel between the optical path switching device and the first device is used for signal transmission, which can save the number of designed ports.

[0070] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical module includes an optical path selection array unit, a receiver array unit, an amplifier circuit array unit and a digital signal processing chip; Figure 5 As shown, controlling the optical module in the first device to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal includes:

[0071] Step S510, controlling the first device to receive the optical signal transmitted by the optical path switching device through the optical path selection array unit in the optical module, and sending the optical signal to the receiver array unit;

[0072] Step S520, converting the optical signal into an electrical signal through the receiver array unit;

[0073] Step S530, amplifying the electrical signal by the amplifier circuit array unit to obtain an amplified signal;

[0074] Step S540: performing equalization processing on the amplified signal through a digital signal processing chip and outputting the original signal.

[0075] In this embodiment, the optical path selection array unit is used to control the input of the optical signal.

[0076] refer to Figure 4 The functional block diagram of the internal structure of the optical module shown in the figure includes a digital signal processing chip (DSP), a driver array unit, a modulator array unit, and an optical path selection array unit. It also includes a receiver array unit and an amplifier circuit array unit (TIA / LA array unit). The TIA (transimpedance amplifier) ​​is a transimpedance amplifier, and the LA (limiting amplifier) ​​is a limiting amplifier. They are used to convert the received electrical signal into voltage and amplify it.

[0077] When the optical module receives an optical signal transmitted by the optical path switching device, the optical signal first enters the optical path selection array unit. The optical path selection array unit selects the transmission direction of the bidirectional channel between the optical path selection array unit and the receiver array unit to transmit the optical signal to the receiver array unit. The receiver array unit converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, which is then amplified by the amplifier circuit array unit. Finally, the amplified signal obtained by the amplification process enters the digital signal processing chip, which performs equalization processing on the amplified signal to restore the original signal output.

[0078] In this embodiment, the conversion of optical signals into electrical signals is achieved through an optical path selection array unit, a receiver array unit, an amplifier circuit array unit, and a digital signal processing chip. The optical path selection array unit selects the direction of the optical path, and the optical signal is input into the optical module to achieve input control of a single-fiber bidirectional channel. By controlling the propagation direction of the optical path, the uniqueness of the transmission direction is ensured.

[0079] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical path switching device is arranged on the first device side or the second device side; when the optical path switching device is arranged on the first device side, a connection is established between the optical path switching device and the second device through a hollow core optical fiber.

[0080] Among them, the two ends of the hollow-core optical fiber are respectively connected to the optical path switching device and the second device through two sections of single-mode optical fibers. The connection between the hollow-core optical fiber and the two sections of single-mode optical fibers adopts core expansion, reverse taper or adding a section of multi-mode optical fiber for mode field matching, and uses anti-reflection mode coating or beveled hollow-core optical fiber to reduce return loss.

[0081] In this embodiment, the first device and the second device are located in different equipment rooms. The optical path switching device can be located in the equipment room of any device. There is no specific limit on the distance between equipment rooms across different locations. A comprehensive calculation is required based on the insertion loss of the multi-core fiber and the matrix optical switch, as well as the transmit optical power and receive sensitivity of the optical module. Due to the low backscattering characteristics of hollow-core fiber, optical signals of the same wavelength transmitted in opposite directions do not generate crosstalk.

[0082] Specifically, the optical path switching device is set on the side of the first device, and can also be set on the side of the second device, that is, it can be set in the computer room of any device. On which side the optical path switching device is set, if the optical path switching device is close to the device on that side, an ordinary single-mode optical fiber jumper can be used to connect the optical path switching device and the device on that side. If the distance between the optical path switching device and the device on the other side is far, a hollow-core optical fiber can be used to establish a connection.

[0083] For example, Figure 1As shown, if the optical path switching device is installed on the first device side, the optical path switching device is closer to the first device and farther from the second device. Therefore, a standard single-mode fiber patch cord can be used to connect the optical path switching device to the first device, while a hollow-core fiber can be used to connect the optical path switching device to the second device. Furthermore, after the optical path switching device and the second device are connected using standard single-mode fiber, the standard fiber is used as the medium to establish a connection with the hollow-core fiber. In other words, the signal transmission order between the optical path switching device and the second device is: optical path switching device → single-mode fiber → hollow-core fiber → single-mode fiber → second device. Therefore, the hollow-core fiber must be connected or fused with the single-mode fiber. Due to the significant difference in mode field diameter between hollow-core fiber and single-mode fiber, direct alignment loss is significant. Furthermore, hollow-core fiber uses air to transmit signals, while single-mode fiber uses silica-based waveguides to transmit light. This difference in refractive index results in significant return loss, so direct connection between hollow-core fiber and single-mode fiber requires special processing. Specifically, mode field matching can be achieved by using core expansion, reverse taper, or adding a section of multimode fiber, and return loss can be reduced by using anti-reflection mode-coated or bevel-cut hollow-core fiber.

[0084] When the optical path switching device is set on the second device side, the optical path switching device is connected to the second device using an ordinary single-mode optical fiber, and is connected to the first device using a hollow-core optical fiber. The principle is similar to that when the optical path switching device is set on the second device side, and will not be repeated here.

[0085] In this embodiment, when a connection is established between an optical path switching device and a device at a distant location through a hollow-core optical fiber, the two ends of the hollow-core optical fiber are connected to the optical path switching device and the second device respectively through two sections of single-mode optical fibers, and core expansion, reverse taper or an additional section of multi-mode optical fiber are used at the connection between the hollow-core optical fiber and the two sections of single-mode optical fibers to perform mode field matching, and anti-reflection mode-coated or beveled hollow-core optical fibers are used to reduce return loss. This can solve the alignment loss problem caused by the large difference in mode field diameter between the hollow-core optical fiber and the single-mode optical fiber, as well as the return loss problem caused by the different carriers of the signals transmitted by the two.

[0086] In an exemplary embodiment, a plurality of optical modules are provided in the first device. The optical modules are single-fiber bidirectional direct modulation and direct detection optical modules. Each optical module corresponds to a plurality of channels.

[0087] The optical path switching device has multiple ports. Each channel of the optical module occupies one port of the optical path switching device. The optical sending unit corresponding to each channel uses a laser with the same wavelength to emit light. Each channel is a single-fiber bidirectional channel.

[0088] Specifically, if Figure 1As shown, each first device or second device may be provided with multiple optical modules, each optical module corresponds to multiple channels, and the optical module is a single-fiber bidirectional direct-adjustment and direct-detection optical module. It can be understood that usually when the optical transmission distance exceeds tens of kilometers, problems such as link loss and dispersion become prominent, and coherent technology needs to be used to ensure the accuracy of data transmission. However, the present application relies on the low loss, low latency and low nonlinearity characteristics of hollow-core optical fibers, and uses direct-adjustment and direct-detection optical modules instead of coherent optical modules, which can greatly reduce the cost of network construction. In some embodiments, the optical module adopts a multi-channel parallel structure design, that is, each optical module corresponds to multiple channels, and the optical signal and electrical signal of each channel are processed separately, and the channels do not affect each other.

[0089] The optical path switching device of the present application is a multi-port optical switch based on optical circuit switching (OCS) or fast optical switching (FOS), and has multiple ports, the number of which depends on the scale of the data center network. Figure 6 , is a functional block diagram of the internal structure of an optical path switching device according to an embodiment. Figure 6 As shown, the ports of the optical path switching device can be designed symmetrically (N×N), with N ports on each side, or asymmetrically (M×N), with M and N ports on each side. Each channel of the optical module occupies a port of the optical path switching device. The corresponding optical transmission unit of each channel uses a laser with the same wavelength to reduce the complexity of the optical module, for example, the wavelength is 1310nm in the O band or 1550nm in the C band.

[0090] The optical path switching device includes an optical path switching unit, an optoelectronic conversion unit, a drive unit, a controller unit, and a buffer. After the optical signal is transmitted to the optical path switching device, it first enters the optical path selection unit, which transmits the optical signal to the optical path conversion unit. The optical path conversion unit parses the header of the optical signal to obtain the destination address, and stores the destination address in the buffer through the controller unit. At the same time, the controller unit allocates the corresponding output channel according to the port resources and outputs the optical signal to the device corresponding to the destination address through the drive unit. The device can be a first device or a second device. In this method, the optical path switching device only needs to parse the header information and determine the device corresponding to the destination address, which allows data to be directly scheduled and routed in the optical domain without converting the optical signal into an electrical signal for processing. This enables rapid forwarding and scheduling of optical signals in the optical path switching device, reducing the processing response time of the received optical signal.

[0091] In some embodiments, the data exchange method of this application can be data exchange between local devices or between devices in cross-regional data center rooms. It can be the migration of the entire data flow of optical modules or the exchange of traffic between channels, but it must ensure that the exchange rate is equal, which is not specifically limited by this application.

[0092] The present application proposes a data transmission method that uses hollow-core optical fiber instead of ordinary single-mode optical fiber as the transmission medium. The entire device also includes a new type of single-fiber bidirectional multi-channel optical module and an optical path switching device. Through a comprehensive management and control system, it can provide end-to-end data transmission capabilities and data traffic exchange capabilities, while having the advantages of low cost and low power consumption from a networking perspective; in addition, this solution uses a single-fiber bidirectional multi-channel optical module, an optical path selection device and a hollow-core optical fiber transmitted in parallel to form a transmission system, which can realize rapid interaction and scheduling of channel-level data traffic between two data centers that are far apart.

[0093] It should be understood that, although the various steps in the flowcharts involved in the various embodiments described above are displayed in sequence according to the instructions of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the flowcharts involved in the various embodiments described above can include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily executed and completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily to be carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of steps or stages in other steps.

[0094] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a data transmission system for implementing the aforementioned data transmission method. The implementation solution provided by this system is similar to the implementation solution described in the aforementioned method. Therefore, the specific limitations in one or more data transmission system embodiments provided below can be found in the above-mentioned limitations on the data transmission method and will not be repeated here.

[0095] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 7 As shown, a data transmission system is provided, comprising:

[0096] A first control unit 710 is configured to, when the first device receives an electrical signal to be transmitted, control the optical module in the first device to convert the electrical signal into an optical signal, and transmit the optical signal to the input port of the optical path switching device through a single-fiber bidirectional channel;

[0097] The second control unit 720 is used to control the optical path switching device to extract the destination address in the header of the optical signal, determine the second device corresponding to the destination address, and transmit the optical signal to the second device corresponding to the destination address through the hollow-core optical fiber; the second device is used to restore the received optical signal to an electrical signal and then output it.

[0098] In one embodiment, the optical module includes a digital signal processing chip, a driver array unit, a modulator array unit, and an optical path selection array unit; the first control unit 710 is further used to control the first device to perform electrical domain pre-emphasis or de-emphasis processing on the received electrical signal through the digital signal processing chip in the optical module to obtain a processed signal; modulate the processed signal into an optical signal through the driver array unit; output the optical signal to the optical signal port of the optical module through the optical path selection array unit, and output the optical signal to the input port of the optical path switching device through the single-fiber bidirectional channel corresponding to the optical fiber connected to the optical signal port.

[0099] In one embodiment, the system further includes a third control unit for controlling the optical path switching device to transmit the optical signal to the first device through a single-fiber bidirectional channel when the optical path switching device receives the optical signal sent to the first device; and controlling the optical module in the first device to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal.

[0100] In one embodiment, the optical module includes an optical path selection array unit, a receiver array unit, an amplifying circuit array unit and a digital signal processing chip; the third control unit is further used to control the first device to receive the optical signal transmitted by the optical path switching device through the optical path selection array unit in the optical module and send it to the receiver array unit; convert the optical signal into an electrical signal through the receiver array unit; amplify the electrical signal through the amplifying circuit array unit to obtain an amplified signal; and equalize the amplified signal through the digital signal processing chip to output the original signal.

[0101] In one embodiment, the optical path switching device is arranged on the first device side or the second device side; when the optical path switching device is arranged on the first device side, a connection is established between the optical path switching device and the second device through a hollow-core optical fiber; wherein, the two ends of the hollow-core optical fiber are respectively connected to the optical path switching device and the second device through two sections of single-mode optical fibers, and the connection between the hollow-core optical fiber and the two sections of single-mode optical fibers adopts core expansion, reverse taper or adding a section of multi-mode optical fiber for mode field matching, and uses anti-reflection mode coating or beveled hollow-core optical fiber to reduce return loss.

[0102] In one embodiment, the optical path switching device has multiple ports, and the first device is provided with multiple optical modules, which are single-fiber bidirectional direct adjustment and direct detection optical modules, and each optical module corresponds to multiple channels; each channel of the optical module occupies a port of the optical path switching device, and the optical sending unit corresponding to each channel uses a laser with the same wavelength to emit light, and each channel is a single-fiber bidirectional channel.

[0103] Each module in the above-mentioned data transmission system can be implemented in whole or in part through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. Each module can be embedded in or independent of a processor in a computer device in the form of hardware, or can be stored in a memory in the computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0104] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown. The computer device includes a processor, memory, an input / output interface, a communication interface, a display unit, and an input device. The processor, memory, and input / output interface are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface, display unit, and input device are connected to the system bus via the input / output interface. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with external terminals via wired or wireless means. The wireless means can be implemented via Wi-Fi, a mobile cellular network, near-field communication (NFC), or other technologies. When executed by the processor, the computer program implements a data transmission method. The display unit of the computer device is used to form a visually visible image and can be a display screen, a projection device, or a virtual reality imaging device. The display screen can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer device can be a touch layer covering the display screen, or a button, trackball or touchpad set on the computer device casing, or an external keyboard, touchpad or mouse.

[0105] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 8 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different component arrangement.

[0106] In one embodiment, a computer device is further provided, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps in the above method embodiments when executing the computer program.

[0107] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments are implemented.

[0108] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, which implements the steps in the above method embodiments when executed by a processor.

[0109] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. In particular, any reference to memory, database, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the various embodiments provided herein may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the various embodiments provided herein may be, but are not limited to, general-purpose processors, central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), digital signal processors (DSPs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, artificial intelligence (AI) processors, and the like.

[0110] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0111] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, characterized in that: The method comprises: When the first device receives an electrical signal to be transmitted, controlling the optical module in the first device to convert the electrical signal into an optical signal, and transmitting the optical signal to the input port of the optical path switching device through a single-fiber bidirectional channel; Control the optical path switching device to extract the destination address in the header of the optical signal, determine the second device corresponding to the destination address, and transmit the optical signal to the second device corresponding to the destination address through a hollow-core optical fiber; the second device is used to restore the received optical signal to an electrical signal and then output it.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The optical module includes a digital signal processing chip, a driver array unit, a modulator array unit, and an optical path selection array unit; and controlling the optical module in the first device to convert the electrical signal into an optical signal includes: Controlling the first device to perform electrical domain pre-emphasis or de-emphasis processing on the received electrical signal through the digital signal processing chip in the optical module to obtain a processed signal; modulating the processed signal into an optical signal through the driver array unit; The optical signal is output to the optical signal port of the optical module through the optical path selection array unit, and is output to the input port of the optical path switching device through the single-fiber bidirectional channel corresponding to the optical fiber connected to the optical signal port.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: When the optical path switching device receives the optical signal sent to the first device, controlling the optical path switching device to transmit the optical signal to the first device through the single-fiber bidirectional channel; Control the optical module in the first device to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The optical module includes an optical path selection array unit, a receiver array unit, an amplifying circuit array unit and a digital signal processing chip; The controlling the optical module in the first device to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal includes: Controlling the first device to receive the optical signal transmitted by the optical path switching device through the optical path selection array unit in the optical module, and sending the optical signal to the receiver array unit; converting the optical signal into an electrical signal through the receiver array unit; amplifying the electrical signal by the amplifier circuit array unit to obtain an amplified signal; The amplified signal is equalized by the digital signal processing chip to output the original signal.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The optical path switching device is arranged on the first device side or the second device side; When the optical path switching device is provided on the first device side, a connection is established between the optical path switching device and the second device via a hollow-core optical fiber; The two ends of the hollow-core optical fiber are respectively connected to the optical path switching device and the second device through two sections of single-mode optical fibers. The connection between the hollow-core optical fiber and the two sections of single-mode optical fibers adopts core expansion, reverse taper or adding a section of multi-mode optical fiber for mode field matching, and uses anti-reflection mode coating or beveled hollow-core optical fiber to reduce return loss.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The optical path switching device has multiple ports, and the first device is provided with multiple optical modules, each of which is a single-fiber bidirectional direct adjustment and direct detection optical module, and each optical module corresponds to multiple channels; Each channel of the optical module occupies a port of the optical path switching device, the optical sending unit corresponding to each channel uses a laser with the same wavelength to emit light, and each channel is a single-fiber bidirectional channel.

7. A data transmission system, characterized in that: The system comprises: a first control unit, configured to, when the first device receives an electrical signal to be transmitted, control the optical module in the first device to convert the electrical signal into an optical signal, and transmit the optical signal to the input port of the optical path switching device through a single-fiber bidirectional channel; The second control unit is used to control the optical path switching device to extract the destination address in the header of the optical signal, determine the second device corresponding to the destination address, and transmit the optical signal to the second device corresponding to the destination address through a hollow-core optical fiber; the second device is used to restore the received optical signal to an electrical signal and then output it.

8. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

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