Perovskite photovoltaic cell panel packaging equipment and temperature control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cell panel production, in particular to perovskite photovoltaic cell panel packaging equipment and a temperature control method thereof. The invention discloses a packaging temperature control method for a perovskite photovoltaic cell panel. The packaging temperature control method comprises the following steps: packaging a perovskite single-junction solar cell panel; comprising the following steps: a, putting a battery panel to be packaged into packaging equipment; b, melting: controlling the heating temperature in the sealed chamber to be T1, keeping the heating temperature for D1, and melting the POE adhesive film; c, extruding, controlling the temperature in the sealed chamber to be T2, keeping the temperature for D2, controlling the packaging equipment to extrude the battery panel, and extruding bubbles on two sides of the POE adhesive film; and d, cooling and curing: stopping extruding the cell panel, controlling the temperature in the sealed chamber to be T3, keeping the temperature for D3, and waiting for cooling and curing of the perovskite photovoltaic cell panel. The packaging temperature control method is developed for a perovskite single-junction solar cell, and the power generation efficiency of a perovskite photovoltaic cell panel can be improved to the maximum extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cell panel production, and in particular to a perovskite photovoltaic cell panel packaging device and a temperature control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Perovskite photovoltaic cells are made of compounds with a unique crystal structure (perovskite) as light-absorbing materials. Compared with silicon-based photovoltaic cells, their preparation process is relatively flexible, the requirements for material purity are relatively low, and they have higher theoretical conversion efficiency (the theoretical maximum conversion efficiency of single-junction perovskite cells can be as high as 31%, and the theoretical efficiency of multi-junction perovskite cells can reach 45%, far exceeding the 29.4% efficiency limit of traditional silicon-based cells). The manufacturing cost is relatively low, and they are light and thin, with strong light transmittance. They can be designed into flexible, lightweight and translucent forms, and are suitable for various application scenarios such as building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV), flexible displays, wearable clothing, and vehicle-mounted photovoltaics (CIPV). They have strong absorption capacity for short-wavelength light and good low-light effect. Even in low-light environments, they can maintain stable power generation efficiency, show good stability under various environmental conditions, and are suitable for various climatic conditions.

[0003] Perovskite materials themselves are relatively sensitive to temperature. Excessively high packaging temperatures may alter their crystal structure or chemical properties, thereby reducing their photoelectric conversion performance. However, an appropriate packaging temperature helps maintain the stability of the perovskite material. The packaging temperature also significantly affects the power generation efficiency of the perovskite solar cell panel. Excessively high packaging temperatures can cause thermal stress during the sealing process, leading to problems such as interlayer delamination and interface defects in the perovskite cell, which in turn affects the cell's photoelectric conversion efficiency. An appropriate packaging temperature and holding time can prevent the decomposition of the perovskite cell during the packaging process, and maximize activation and curing of the cell panel, thereby maintaining a high power generation efficiency and helping to maintain the stability and efficiency of the perovskite cell.

[0004] In the prior art, the invention patent with authorization publication number CN113972326B provides a perovskite solar cell module and its packaging method. The packaging method of the perovskite solar cell module includes the following steps: fixing a packaging substrate to a first constant temperature surface of a first constant temperature mechanism; placing a packaging adhesive on the packaging substrate; fixing the perovskite solar cell body to a second constant temperature surface of a second constant temperature mechanism; adjusting the first constant temperature mechanism to set the packaging adhesive to a temperature of T1; adjusting the second constant temperature mechanism to set the perovskite solar cell body to a temperature of T2, where T1-T2 is ≥10°C; and controlling the pressure between the first and second constant temperature surfaces via a pressure control mechanism to press and bond the perovskite solar cell body, the packaging adhesive, and the packaging substrate together to produce a perovskite solar cell module. The perovskite solar cell module produced using this packaging device maintains no loss in the photoelectric performance of the perovskite solar cell before and after packaging.

[0005] In the process of realizing the present invention, the inventors discovered that there are at least the following problems in the prior art: the patented technology is developed for one of the following types of perovskite single-junction solar cells, perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells, and perovskite-copper indium gallium selenide tandem solar cells, and has a wide range of applications, but is not very targeted and cannot maximize the power generation efficiency of perovskite photovoltaic panels. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention develops a perovskite photovoltaic panel packaging device and a temperature control method thereof. The packaging temperature control method is developed for perovskite single-junction solar cells and can maximize the power generation efficiency of the perovskite photovoltaic panel.

[0007] The technical solution to the technical problem solved by the present invention is as follows: an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling the packaging temperature of a perovskite photovoltaic cell panel, wherein the packaging method packages a perovskite photovoltaic cell panel, wherein the perovskite photovoltaic cell panel comprises, from bottom to top, a substrate, a coating, a POE film, and a backplane, wherein the coating is applied to the substrate, and the perovskite photovoltaic cell panel is a perovskite single-junction solar cell panel; the packaging method uses packaging equipment, and the packaging temperature control method comprises the following steps:

[0008] a. Place the solar panels to be packaged into the packaging equipment, which will then form a sealed chamber to accommodate the solar panels.

[0009] b. Melting: Control the heating temperature in the sealed chamber to T1 and maintain it for D1 to melt the POE film, 10min≤T1≤16min, 98℃≤D1≤106℃;

[0010] c. Extrusion: Control the temperature in the sealed chamber to T2 and maintain it for D2. At the same time, control the packaging equipment to squeeze the solar panel to squeeze out the bubbles on both sides of the POE film. 6min≤T2≤12min, 98℃≤D2≤106℃;

[0011] d. Cool and solidify, stop squeezing the solar panel, control the temperature in the sealed chamber to T3, and maintain it for time D3, waiting for the perovskite photovoltaic solar panel to cool and solidify, 2min≤T3≤3min, 20℃≤D3≤30℃;

[0012] e. Open the packaging equipment and take out the packaged perovskite photovoltaic panel.

[0013] As an optimization, the packaging equipment includes a silicone plate, a mold, a lower shell, a lifting device, a second vacuum pumping device, and an upper shell. The upper shell is a rectangular shell with an open bottom. The silicone plate is horizontally arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the upper shell. The space above the silicone plate in the inner cavity of the upper shell is an upper vacuum chamber. The upper vacuum chamber is connected to the atmosphere or a boosting device. The lower shell is arranged below the upper shell. A heating device is provided in the lower shell. The lower shell is connected to the lifting device. The lower shell includes a flat plate. The mold is installed on the lower shell. The cavity in the mold is the lower vacuum chamber. The lower vacuum chamber is connected to the second vacuum pumping device.

[0014] As an optimization, the packaging equipment includes a bottom plate, a vacuum pumping device 1, a top plate, a heating plate, a sealing cover, a hydraulic cylinder 1, and a hydraulic cylinder 2. The top plate is arranged above the bottom plate. The sealing cover is a shell with an opening on the bottom. The vacuum pumping device 1 is connected to the interior of the sealing cover. The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is fixed on the top plate. The telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is connected to the sealing cover. The hydraulic cylinder 1 and the heating plate are arranged inside the sealing cover. The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is fixed on the top of the inner cavity of the sealing cover. The telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is connected to the heating plate. A heating rod is provided in the heating plate.

[0015] As an optimization, a sealing groove is provided on the top surface of the bottom plate, the shape and size of the sealing groove correspond to the bottom opening of the sealing cover, and a sealing ring with a U-shaped cross section is provided in the sealing groove.

[0016] As an optimization, the sealing cover is a cylindrical shell with an open bottom.

[0017] As an optimization, the sealing cover is a rectangular shell with an open bottom, and the four vertical sides of the rectangular shell are rounded.

[0018] As an optimization, the temperature of the production workshop where the packaging equipment is located is 18°C ​​to 25°C.

[0019] As an optimization, the temperature of the production workshop where the packaging equipment is located is 20°C.

[0020] As an optimization, T1=14 min, D1=102°C, T2=8 min, D2=102°C, T3=3 min, D3=25°C.

[0021] As an optimization, the pressure of the packaging equipment on the solar panel in step c is 60kPa.

[0022] The effects provided in the summary of the invention are only the effects of the embodiments, rather than all the effects of the present invention. The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. This packaging temperature control method is developed for perovskite single-junction solar cells and can maximize the power generation efficiency of perovskite photovoltaic panels.

[0024] 2. By setting the sealing cover as a cylindrical shell with an open bottom; or the sealing cover as a rectangular shell with an open bottom, the four vertical sides of the rectangular shell are rounded, and the sealing ring can turn smoothly in the sealing groove, which can facilitate the installation of the sealing ring, is conducive to improving the sealing performance of the sealing cover and improving the packaging quality of the solar panel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a general structural diagram of the packaging device in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a general structural diagram of the packaging device in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 、 Figure 4 This is an overall structural diagram of the working state of the packaging equipment in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Among them: base 1, bottom plate 2, vacuum equipment 3, top plate 4, heating plate 5, sealing cover 6, hydraulic cylinder 1 7, hydraulic cylinder 2 8, upper vacuum chamber 9, silicone plate 10, lower vacuum chamber 11, mold 12, lower shell 13, lifting device 14, vacuum equipment 2 15, upper shell 16. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation methods and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 For the first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1As shown, a perovskite photovoltaic panel packaging device includes a base 1, a bottom plate 2, a vacuum pumping device 3, a top plate 4, a heating plate 5, a sealing cover 6, a hydraulic cylinder 1 7, and a second hydraulic cylinder 8. The top plate 4 is positioned above the bottom plate 2. The sealing cover 6 is a housing with an open bottom. The vacuum pumping device 3 communicates with the interior of the sealing cover 6. The cylinder body of the second hydraulic cylinder 8 is fixed to the top plate 4. The telescopic rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 8 is connected to the sealing cover 6. The hydraulic cylinder 1 7 and the heating plate 5 are positioned within the sealing cover 6. The cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder 7 is fixed to the top of the inner cavity of the sealing cover 6. The telescopic rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 7 is connected to the heating plate 5, which is provided with a heating rod. The bottom plate 2 is mounted on the base 1, and the top plate 4 is connected to the base 1 on both sides by two vertical plates. The top surface of the bottom plate 2 is provided with a sealing groove. The shape and size of the sealing groove correspond to the bottom opening of the sealing cover 6. The sealing groove is provided with a sealing ring with a U-shaped cross section. The sealing cover 6 is a cylindrical shell with an opening on the bottom; or the sealing cover 6 is a rectangular shell with an opening on the bottom, and the four vertical sides of the rectangular shell are rounded. By setting the sealing cover 6 as a cylindrical shell with an opening on the bottom; or the sealing cover 6 as a rectangular shell with an opening on the bottom, and the four vertical sides of the rectangular shell are rounded, the sealing ring can turn smoothly in the sealing groove, which can facilitate the installation of the sealing ring, and is conducive to improving the sealing performance of the sealing cover 6 and improving the packaging quality of the battery panel. The temperature of the production workshop where the packaging equipment is located is 18℃~25℃. Preferably, the temperature of the production workshop where the packaging equipment is located is 20℃.

[0031] A method for controlling the packaging temperature of a perovskite photovoltaic cell panel, wherein the packaging method is used to package a perovskite photovoltaic cell panel, wherein the perovskite photovoltaic cell panel comprises a substrate, a coating, a POE film, and a backplane from bottom to top, wherein the coating is applied to the substrate, and the perovskite photovoltaic cell panel is a perovskite single-junction solar cell panel; the packaging method uses Figure 1 The packaging device in the packaging temperature control method comprises the following steps:

[0032] a. Place the solar panel to be packaged on the bottom plate 2, control the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2 8 to extend, the sealing cover 6 descends and fits with the bottom plate 2 to form a sealed chamber, and start the vacuum device 3 to vacuum the inside of the sealing cover 6;

[0033] b. Melting: Control the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7 to extend until the heating plate 5 is in contact with the top surface of the solar panel, and then stop. Control the heating temperature of the heating plate 5 to be T1 and maintain it for D1 to melt the POE film. The temperature range is 10min≤T1≤16min, 98℃≤D1≤106℃.

[0034] c. Extrusion: Control the heating temperature of the heating plate 5 to T2 and maintain it for D2. At the same time, control the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7 to extend to squeeze out the bubbles on both sides of the POE film. The pressure of the heating plate 5 on the solar panel is 60kPa, 6min≤T2≤12min, 98℃≤D2≤106℃;

[0035] d. Cooling and solidification: Control the telescopic rod of hydraulic cylinder 1 (7) to stop moving, control the heating plate 5 to a temperature of T3 and maintain it for D3, wait for the perovskite photovoltaic panel to cool and solidify, control the telescopic rod of hydraulic cylinder 1 (7) to retract to the top, and remove the encapsulated perovskite photovoltaic panel. 2 min ≤ T3 ≤ 3 min, 20°C ≤ D3 ≤ 30°C. This encapsulation temperature control method is developed for perovskite single-junction solar cells and can maximize the power generation efficiency of perovskite photovoltaic panels.

[0036] like Figures 2 to 4 For the second embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, a perovskite photovoltaic panel encapsulation device includes a silicone plate 10, a mold 12, a lower housing 13, a lifting device 14, a second vacuum pumping device 15, and an upper housing 16. The upper housing 16 is a rectangular housing with an open bottom. The silicone plate 10 is horizontally arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the upper housing 16. The space above the silicone plate 10 in the inner cavity of the upper housing 16 is an upper vacuum chamber 9, which is connected to the atmosphere. The lower housing 13 is arranged below the upper housing 16 and is equipped with a heating device. The lower housing 13 is connected to the lifting device 14. The lower housing 13 includes a flat plate. The mold 12 is mounted on the lower housing 13. The cavity within the mold 12 is the lower vacuum chamber 11, which is connected to the second vacuum pumping device 15. The lifting device 14 is a hydraulic cylinder.

[0037] A method for controlling the packaging temperature of a perovskite photovoltaic cell panel, wherein the packaging method is used to package a perovskite photovoltaic cell panel, wherein the perovskite photovoltaic cell panel comprises a substrate, a coating, a POE film, and a backplane from bottom to top, wherein the coating is applied to the substrate, and the perovskite photovoltaic cell panel is a perovskite single-junction solar cell panel; the packaging method uses Figure 2 The packaging device in the packaging temperature control method comprises the following steps:

[0038] a. Figure 3 As shown, the battery panel to be packaged is placed in the mold 12, and the lifting device 14 is controlled to rise, and the bottom surface of the upper shell 16 is attached to the top surface of the lower shell 13 to form a sealed chamber;

[0039] b, melting. The temperature in the vacuum chamber 11 is controlled to be T1, and maintained for time D1, the POE film is melted, 10min≤T1≤16min, 98 ℃≤D1≤106 ℃;

[0040] c. Extrusion. Figure 4 As shown, the second vacuuming device 15 is started to evacuate the interior of the sealed chamber. Under the action of the pressure difference, the silicone plate 10 is fitted with the top surface of the mold 12 to seal the lower vacuum chamber 11. The temperature in the lower vacuum chamber 11 is controlled to be T2 and maintained for time D2. The silicone plate 10 presses down on the battery panel to squeeze out the bubbles on both sides of the POE film. The pressure of the silicone plate 10 on the battery panel is 60kPa, 6min≤T2≤12min, 98℃≤D2≤106℃;

[0041] d. Cooling and solidifying: controlling the temperature in the vacuum chamber 11 to T3 and maintaining it for D3, waiting for the perovskite photovoltaic cell panel to cool and solidify, 2min≤T3≤3min, 20℃≤D3≤30℃;

[0042] e. Control the lifting device 14 to descend and take out the packaged perovskite photovoltaic cell panel.

[0043] Test experiment. Different values ​​of T1, D1, T2, D2, T3, and D3 were selected to encapsulate the perovskite single-junction solar panel. The power generation efficiency data of the panel before and after the test are as follows:

[0044] Table 1: Power generation efficiency of solar panels at different temperatures when T1 = 16 min, T2 = 12 min, and T3 = 2 min

[0045]

[0046] Table 2: Power generation efficiency of solar panels at different temperatures when T1 = 14 min, T2 = 8 min, and T3 = 3 min

[0047]

[0048] Table 3: Power generation efficiency of solar panels at different temperatures when T1 = 10 min, T2 = 6 min, and T3 = 3 min

[0049]

[0050] Comparing the data in Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3, it can be seen that the power generation efficiency of the solar panel is the highest when T1 = 14 min, T2 = 8 min, T3 = 3 min, D1 = 102 ° C, D2 = 102 ° C, and D3 = 25 ° C.

[0051] Although the above describes the specific implementation methods of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it does not limit the scope of protection of the invention. Based on the technical solution of the present invention, various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the packaging temperature of a perovskite photovoltaic cell panel, wherein the packaging method encapsulates a perovskite photovoltaic cell panel, wherein the perovskite photovoltaic cell panel comprises, from bottom to top, a substrate, a coating, a POE film, and a backplane, wherein the coating is applied to the substrate, and the perovskite photovoltaic cell panel is a perovskite single-junction solar cell panel; the packaging method uses packaging equipment, and is characterized by: The packaging temperature control method comprises the following steps: a. Place the solar panels to be packaged into the packaging equipment, which will then form a sealed chamber to accommodate the solar panels. b. Melting: Control the heating temperature in the sealed chamber to T1 and maintain it for D1 to melt the POE film, 10min≤T1≤16min, 98℃≤D1≤106℃; c. Extrusion: Control the temperature in the sealed chamber to T2 and maintain it for D2. At the same time, control the packaging equipment to squeeze the solar panel to squeeze out the bubbles on both sides of the POE film. 6min≤T2≤12min, 98℃≤D2≤106℃; d. Cool and solidify, stop squeezing the solar panel, control the temperature in the sealed chamber to T3, and maintain it for time D3, waiting for the perovskite photovoltaic solar panel to cool and solidify, 2min≤T3≤3min, 20℃≤D3≤30℃; e. Open the packaging equipment and take out the packaged perovskite photovoltaic panel.

2. A perovskite photovoltaic panel packaging temperature control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The packaging device comprises a silica gel plate (10), a mold (12), a lower shell (13), a lifting device (14), a second vacuum pumping device (15), and an upper shell (16). The upper shell (16) is a rectangular shell with an open bottom. The silica gel plate (10) is horizontally arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the upper shell (16). The space above the silica gel plate (10) in the inner cavity of the upper shell (16) is an upper vacuum chamber (9). The upper vacuum chamber (9) is connected to the atmosphere or a pressurizing device. The lower shell (13) is arranged below the upper shell (16). A heating device is arranged in the lower shell (13). The lower shell (13) is connected to the lifting device (14). The lower shell (13) includes a flat plate. The mold (12) is installed on the lower shell (13). The cavity in the mold (12) is a lower vacuum chamber (11). The lower vacuum chamber (11) is connected to the second vacuum pumping device (15).

3. The method for controlling the packaging temperature of a perovskite photovoltaic cell panel according to claim 1, wherein: The packaging device comprises a bottom plate (2), a vacuum pumping device (3), a top plate (4), a heating plate (5), a sealing cover (6), a hydraulic cylinder (7), and a hydraulic cylinder (8). The top plate (4) is arranged above the bottom plate (2). The sealing cover (6) is a shell with an opening at the bottom. The vacuum pumping device (3) is connected to the interior of the sealing cover (6). The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder (8) is fixed on the top plate (4). The telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder (8) is connected to the sealing cover (6). The hydraulic cylinder (7) and the heating plate (5) are arranged inside the sealing cover (6). The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder (7) is fixed to the top of the inner cavity of the sealing cover (6). The telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder (7) is connected to the heating plate (5). A heating rod is arranged in the heating plate (5).

4. A perovskite photovoltaic cell panel packaging temperature control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top surface of the bottom plate (2) is provided with a sealing groove, the shape and size of which correspond to the bottom opening of the sealing cover (6), and a sealing ring with a U-shaped cross section is provided in the sealing groove.

5. A perovskite photovoltaic cell panel packaging temperature control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sealing cover (6) is a cylindrical shell with an open bottom.

6. A perovskite photovoltaic cell panel packaging temperature control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sealing cover (6) is a rectangular shell with an open bottom, and the four vertical edges of the rectangular shell are rounded.

7. The method for controlling the packaging temperature of a perovskite photovoltaic cell panel according to claim 1, wherein: The temperature of the production workshop where the packaging equipment is located is 18°C ​​to 25°C.

8. A method for controlling the packaging temperature of a perovskite photovoltaic cell panel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The temperature of the production workshop where the packaging equipment is located is 20°C.

9. The method for controlling the packaging temperature of a perovskite photovoltaic cell panel according to claim 1, wherein: The T1=14min, D1=102°C, T2=8min, D2=102°C, T3=3min, D3=25°C.

10. The method for controlling the packaging temperature of a perovskite photovoltaic cell panel according to claim 1, wherein: In step c, the pressure of the packaging equipment on the solar panel is 60 kPa.

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