A shell and tube heat exchanger

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of steam heat exchanger technology, specifically to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprising a steam heat exchanger shell, tube sheets, and a plurality of heat exchange pipes. One side of the steam heat exchanger shell is defined as end A, and the other side as end B. Two tube sheets are symmetrically fixed inside the steam heat exchanger shell. Both tube sheets share a plurality of tube rows arranged annularly around the axis of the steam heat exchanger shell. Each tube row consists of a plurality of heat exchange pipes radially distributed along the steam heat exchanger shell. A shaft, penetrating both tube sheets, is rotatably mounted inside the steam heat exchanger shell, with movable discs fitted on both sides of the shaft. In this invention, the tube rows on the two tube sheets consist of a plurality of straight heat exchange pipes radially distributed along the steam heat exchanger shell. The connecting and guiding system on the movable discs can be precisely aligned with each tube row through the rotation of the shaft, solving the problem that traditional equipment is only suitable for U-shaped pipes. It effectively adapts to straight heat exchange pipes, has good self-cleaning effect, and is more comprehensive in function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of steam heat exchanger technology, specifically to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] A shell-and-tube heat exchanger used in a steam system is a heat exchange device composed of a shell, tube bundle, tube sheet, etc. Its working principle is to allow steam to flow in the shell side or tube side, and exchange heat with the heated fluid on the other side through the tube wall. The steam condenses and releases latent heat, and the heated fluid absorbs heat and rises in temperature. Due to its compact structure, high heat transfer efficiency, and ability to adapt to the pressure and temperature range of steam, this device is widely used in large-scale heat transfer scenarios in steam systems, such as heating and industrial heating.

[0003] The tube bundles in shell-and-tube heat exchangers used in steam systems typically have small inner diameters, and long-term use can easily lead to blockages due to the accumulation of dirt. Therefore, regular cleaning is necessary. Referring to the invention patent with authorization announcement number CN119245013B, a heat exchanger device for steam systems is disclosed. This heat exchanger device, by setting alignment components and protective components inside the tube box, can clean several pipes individually, making the inside of the pipes more evenly and thoroughly cleaned without causing secondary pollution to other pipes. By connecting the alignment components to the connecting components, the rotating mechanism, and the moving mechanism, the wear between the alignment components and the mounting plate can be reduced when the alignment components change the cleaning pipes, thus extending their service life.

[0004] However, in the heat exchanger device described above, the tube box is divided into two sides by a partition. Two connecting components installed on both sides of the partition rotate synchronously in opposite directions through a transmission component, driving symmetrically arranged alignment components to precisely connect to the two ends of the same pipe. This means that the heat exchanger device is only suitable for U-shaped pipe structures and cannot be adapted for straight pipes. In addition, existing cleaning mechanisms for straight pipes can usually only clean one pipe at a time, resulting in low cleaning efficiency and limited functionality, which cannot meet the actual usage needs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a shell-and-tube heat exchanger to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background section.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution.

[0007] A shell-and-tube heat exchanger includes a steam heat exchanger shell, tube sheets, and a plurality of heat exchange pipes. One side of the steam heat exchanger shell is defined as end A, and the other side as end B. The two tube sheets are symmetrically fixed inside the steam heat exchanger shell. The two tube sheets are provided with a plurality of tube rows arranged in a ring around the axis of the steam heat exchanger shell. Each tube row is composed of a plurality of heat exchange pipes arranged radially along the steam heat exchanger shell. A shaft is rotatably installed inside the steam heat exchanger shell, penetrating the two tube sheets. Movable discs are respectively fitted on both sides of the shaft. A pair of second drive mechanisms for driving the axial translation of the movable discs on the same side are symmetrically provided inside the shaft. Both movable discs are provided with a connecting flow guiding system. When the two movable discs abut and press against the tube sheets on the corresponding sides, an inlet channel is formed at end A and an outlet channel is formed at end B, and the two are in corresponding positions. In one rotation cycle of the shaft, the inlet channel and the outlet channel can simultaneously and sequentially align and connect with each tube row.

[0008] Preferably, annular grooves are provided on the sides of the two tube sheets that are far apart from each other. An inlet pipe connected to the annular groove on the same side is fixed on the tube sheet at end A. The inlet pipe extends vertically upward to the outside of the steam heat exchanger shell. An outlet pipe connected to the annular groove on the same side is fixed on the tube sheet at end B. The outlet pipe extends vertically downward to the outside of the steam heat exchanger shell. The flow guiding system includes a flow channel, outlet A, and outlet B. Radially extending flow channels are provided at corresponding positions in the two movable plates. Outlet A and several outlets are provided on the sides of the two movable plates that are close to each other. B, and both outlet A and outlet B are connected to the flow channel on the same side. The position of outlet A corresponds to the position of the annular groove on the same side. The number and spacing of outlet B are consistent with the heat exchange pipes in the tube array. When the movable disc at end A abuts and presses against the tube sheet, an inlet cavity is formed between the annular groove and the end face of the movable disc, which is used to continuously supply the flushing water supplied by the inlet pipe to the flow channel along the circumferential path. When the movable disc at end B abuts and presses against the tube sheet, a collection cavity is formed between the annular groove and the end face of the movable disc, which is used to continuously transport the flushing wastewater to the outlet pipe for discharge along the circumferential path.

[0009] Preferably, each outlet A and outlet B is equipped with a solenoid valve.

[0010] Preferably, the second drive mechanism includes an electric push cylinder and a slide block. The shaft has a pair of inner cavities and a slide groove. The two inner cavities are respectively equipped with horizontally extending electric push cylinders, which are arranged in opposite directions. The slide blocks are slidably installed in both slide grooves. The telescopic ends of the two electric push cylinders extend through into the slide grooves and are fixed to the slide blocks on the same side. The perforated wall of the movable disc is fixed to the slide block on the corresponding side. The perforated wall of the movable disc is tightly slidably fitted with the outer wall of the shaft. The outer surface of the slide block is tightly slidably fitted with the inner wall of the slide groove.

[0011] Preferably, both ends of the shaft extend through to the outside of the steam heat exchanger housing. A first drive mechanism for driving the shaft to rotate is provided at end A of the steam heat exchanger housing. The first drive mechanism includes a geared motor. A bracket is fixed on the end wall of the steam heat exchanger housing. The geared motor is fixed on the bracket, and the output shaft is fixedly connected to the end of the shaft through a coupling.

[0012] Preferably, both movable discs are provided with a plurality of through-holes B in a circular array. A sealing disc is rotatably installed on the side of the two movable discs that is far apart from each other. The sealing disc is provided with a plurality of through-holes A in a circular array. The positions of through-holes A and through-holes B on the same side are one-to-one. A retaining ring is fixed on the inner wall of the steam heat exchanger shell near both ends. The retaining ring is squeezed and sealed with the movable disc on the same side. When the two movable discs are pressed against the retaining ring on the same side, an air inlet chamber is formed between the movable disc at end A and the end wall of the steam heat exchanger shell. An air inlet pipe for supplying airflow to the air inlet chamber is connected to end A of the steam heat exchanger shell. The air inlet pipe is connected to the air outlet port of the centrifugal fan. A third driving mechanism is also provided on the side of the two movable discs that is far apart from each other. The third driving mechanism is used to drive the sealing disc to rotate and adjust. When the sealing disc is rotated and adjusted to the point where through-holes A and through-holes B overlap, the airflow in the air inlet chamber can enter each heat exchange pipe from end A.

[0013] Preferably, a heating tank is also connected in series on the air intake pipe, and several electric heating elements are installed inside the heating tank.

[0014] Preferably, when the two movable discs are pressed against the retaining rings on the same side, a gas collecting cavity is formed between the movable disc at end B and the end wall of the steam heat exchanger shell. An exhaust cavity is provided inside the end of the shaft away from the inlet pipe. Several through-holes are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the shaft and inside the gas collecting cavity to guide the airflow in the gas collecting cavity into the exhaust cavity. A rotating sleeve is provided on the end of the shaft away from the inlet pipe for rotating connection with the interface of the waste gas treatment equipment.

[0015] Preferably, a sleeve seat is coaxially rotatably mounted on the side of each of the two movable discs that are far apart from each other. The sealing disc is limited and slidably fitted on the sleeve seat on the same side. The third drive mechanism includes a worm, a drive motor and a worm wheel. Two mounting brackets are fixed on the movable disc. The worm is rotatably mounted on the two mounting brackets. The drive motor is fixed on one of the mounting brackets and its output shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the worm. The worm wheel is correspondingly fixedly fitted on the sleeve seat and meshes with the worm on the same side.

[0016] Preferably, each of the two sealing discs has a clearance groove on one side that is close to each other. An elastic washer is fitted on the sleeve seat between the sealing disc and the movable disc and at the position corresponding to the clearance groove. One end of the elastic washer abuts against the movable disc and the other end abuts against the inner end wall of the clearance groove. Two cams that abut against the sealing disc are fixedly fitted on the worm gear.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows.

[0018] In this invention, the tube array on the two tube sheets consists of several straight heat exchange pipes radially distributed along the outer shell of the steam heat exchanger. The connecting flow guiding system on the movable plate can be precisely aligned with each tube array through the rotation of the shaft, without relying on the folding structure of the U-shaped pipe. This solves the problem that traditional equipment is only suitable for U-shaped pipes and effectively adapts to straight heat exchange pipes.

[0019] Each tube set contains several heat exchange pipes, and the number and spacing of the flow ports B on the movable plate are consistent with the heat exchange pipes in the tube set. When the connecting flow guiding system is aligned with a certain tube set, the flushing water supplied through the inlet chamber can simultaneously flush all the heat exchange pipes in that tube set, rather than cleaning a single pipe. This significantly reduces the total cleaning time and greatly improves the maintenance efficiency of the tube heat exchanger.

[0020] The inlet chamber formed by the annular groove at end A and the movable plate can continuously supply flushing water from the inlet pipe to the flow channel along the circumferential path. The collection chamber formed by the annular groove at end B and the movable plate can continuously collect wastewater and discharge it through the outlet pipe. With the connection structure of the connecting and guiding system, it ensures that the flushing water flows stably through the heat exchange pipe during the rotation of the shaft, avoids water supply interruption caused by rotation, and ensures the uniformity of the cleaning effect.

[0021] Solenoid valves are installed in outlets A and B. When opened during flushing, they can be used to clean the heat exchange pipes in batches. When other solenoid valves are closed, only the solenoid valve corresponding to the target heat exchange pipe is opened. By injecting water and maintaining pressure, leakage can be observed. The sealing performance of a single heat exchange pipe can be tested without the need for additional testing equipment. This achieves multi-functional integration and reduces maintenance costs.

[0022] Airflow heated by electric heating elements inside the heating tank is introduced through the air inlet pipe. When the sealing plate is adjusted so that flow hole A and flow hole B coincide, the hot airflow enters the heat exchange pipe through the air inlet chamber and flow hole B. This not only dries the residual moisture on the inner wall of the heat exchange pipe after rinsing, but also discharges the dried dirt with the airflow through the air collection chamber, air inlet, and exhaust chamber, preventing secondary adhesion of dirt or pipe corrosion caused by residual moisture. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the outer surface of the steam heat exchanger shell in this invention;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the structure.

[0026] Figure 4This is a partial structural diagram of the A-end of the steam heat exchanger shell.

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 2 The diagram shown omits the outer shell of the steam heat exchanger.

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shown omits the movable disk.

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 5 A partial cross-sectional view of the structure shown is presented.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one side surface of the movable disk in this invention;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the other side surface of the movable disk in this invention;

[0033] Figure 11 for Figure 9 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the structure.

[0034] Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B;

[0035] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing the flow direction of the flushing water;

[0036] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of the dry gas.

[0037] In the diagram: 01, End A; 02, End B; 03, Sealing plate; 031, Flow hole A; 032, Relief groove; 04, Retaining ring; 05, Water inlet chamber; 06, Water collection chamber; 07, Air inlet chamber; 08, Air collection chamber; 1, Steam heat exchanger shell; 11, Water inlet pipe; 12, Water outlet pipe; 13, Air inlet pipe; 131, Heating tank; 132, Electric heating element; 2, Shaft; 21, Exhaust chamber; 22, Air inlet; 23, Rotating sleeve; 24, First drive mechanism; 241, Support; 242, Reduction gear. 3. Tube sheet; 31. Annular groove; 4. Heat exchange pipe; 5. Movable disc; 501. Sleeve seat; 502. Long groove; 503. Slider; 51. Flow hole B; 6. Second drive mechanism; 601. Inner cavity; 602. Slide groove; 61. Electric push cylinder; 62. Slide seat; 7. Connecting flow guiding system; 71. Flow channel; 72. Flow port A; 73. Flow port B; 8. Third drive mechanism; 81. Mounting bracket; 82. Worm; 83. Drive motor; 84. Worm wheel; 9. Cam; 91. Elastic washer. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection" and "installation" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "connection" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. "Fixed" means that the devices are connected to each other and their relative positional relationship remains unchanged after the connection. The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention, such as "inner," "outer," "top," and "bottom," are only for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0040] In this embodiment of the invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0041] In this embodiment of the invention, "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0042] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as used in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the invention. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including, but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] Please see Figures 1-14 This invention provides a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, including a steam heat exchanger shell 1, tube sheets 3, and a plurality of heat exchange pipes 4. The steam heat exchanger shell 1 is composed of a central cylindrical shell and tube boxes on both sides, which are fixed and sealed by flanges. One side of the steam heat exchanger shell 1 is defined as end A 01, and the other side is defined as end B 02. The two tube sheets 3 are symmetrically fixed inside the steam heat exchanger shell 1. The two tube sheets 3 are provided with a plurality of tube rows distributed in a ring around the axis of the steam heat exchanger shell 1. Each tube row is composed of a plurality of heat exchange pipes 4 distributed radially along the steam heat exchanger shell 1, that is, the heat exchange pipes 4 are arranged regularly along a ring path inside the steam heat exchanger shell 1.

[0045] The outer shell 1 of the steam heat exchanger is provided with steam inlet and outlet and liquid medium inlet and outlet. Several baffles are arranged at intervals and staggered inside the outer shell 1. The liquid medium flows into one side tube box through the inlet, then flows into each heat exchange pipe 4, and then flows into the other side tube box, and finally exits through the liquid medium outlet, realizing tube-side flow. The steam flows into the outer shell 1 of the steam heat exchanger through the steam inlet, flows along the bend path through the baffles, and finally exits through the steam outlet, completing shell-side flow. The liquid medium and steam complete heat exchange in the outer shell 1 of the steam heat exchanger. In addition, the outer shell 1, tube sheet 3, heat exchange pipe 4, tube box, baffles, steam inlet and outlet and liquid medium inlet and outlet are all existing internal structures of existing shell and tube steam heat exchangers. The connection relationship and operating principle between its various components are mature technologies, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0046] A shaft 2 is installed inside the outer shell 1 of the steam heat exchanger, penetrating two tube sheets 3. Movable discs 5 are respectively mounted on both sides of the shaft 2, and the shaft 2 can drive the movable discs 5 to rotate inside the outer shell 1 of the steam heat exchanger. A pair of second drive mechanisms 6 are symmetrically arranged inside the shaft 2. The second drive mechanisms 6 are used to drive the movable discs 5 on the same side to translate axially. In addition, both movable discs 5 are provided with a connecting flow guiding system 7. The two movable discs 5 are driven to move closer to each other by the two second drive mechanisms 6 respectively. Finally, the two movable discs 5 can be driven to abut and press against the tube sheets 3 on the corresponding side. The two movable discs 5 are driven to move away from each other by the two second drive mechanisms 6 respectively, and the movable discs 5 are separated from the tube sheets 3 on the same side.

[0047] Furthermore, when the two movable discs 5 abut and press against the corresponding tube sheet 3, an inlet channel is formed at end A 01 and an outlet channel is formed at end B 02. The two are in corresponding positions, and during one rotation cycle of the shaft 2, the inlet channel and the outlet channel can simultaneously and sequentially align and connect with each tube column.

[0048] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, both tube sheets 3 have annular grooves 31 on their opposite sides. A water inlet pipe 11 is fixed on the tube sheet 3 at end A 01, which communicates with the annular groove 31 on the same side. The water inlet pipe 11 extends vertically upward through the steam heat exchanger shell 1, and its end is connected to an external clean water supply device (not shown in the figure). A water outlet pipe 12 is fixed on the tube sheet 3 at end B 02, which communicates with the annular groove 31 on the same side. The water outlet pipe 12 extends vertically downward through the steam heat exchanger shell 1, and its end is connected to a wastewater treatment device (not shown in the figure).

[0049] like Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, the connecting flow guiding system 7 includes a flow channel 71, a flow port A72 and a flow port B73. The two movable plates 5 are provided with radially extending flow channels 71 at corresponding positions. The two movable plates 5 are provided with a flow port A72 and several flow ports B73 on the side that is close to each other. The flow ports A72 and B73 are connected to the flow channels 71 on the same side. The position of the flow port A72 corresponds to the position of the annular groove 31 on the same side. The number and spacing of the flow ports B73 are consistent with the heat exchange pipes 4 in the tube array.

[0050] During the rotation of the movable disc 5 driven by the shaft 2, when the outlet B73 aligns with one of the tube rows, the two second drive mechanisms 6 work to drive the two movable discs 5 to translate along the shaft 2 until they contact and press against the tube sheet 3. At the same time, the outlet B73 is pressed and connected to the ends of each heat exchange pipe 4 in that tube row. Figure 13As shown, the annular groove 31 at end A 01 and the end face of the movable plate 5 form an inlet chamber 05 that communicates with the inlet pipe 11. When the external cleaning water supply equipment is working, the flushing water is introduced into the inlet chamber 05 through the inlet pipe 11, and then flows into the flow channel 71 through the outlet A72 in sequence. Finally, it flows into each heat exchange pipe 4 through the outlet B73. The flushing water flows through each heat exchange pipe 4 and can flush the inside of each heat exchange pipe 4 in the pipe array.

[0051] At the same time, such as Figure 13 As shown, the annular groove 31 at end B 02 and the end face of the movable plate 5 form a water collection cavity 06 that communicates with the water outlet pipe 12. The flushing waste liquid mixed with dirt in the heat exchange pipe 4 flows into the flow channel 71 through the outlet B73 at end B 02, and then into the water collection cavity 06 through the outlet A72. Finally, it is discharged through the water outlet pipe 12 to the wastewater treatment equipment for treatment, thus realizing the flushing and cleaning of a single pipe row.

[0052] Once one tube bank is cleaned, the second drive mechanism 6 drives the movable disc 5 to separate from the tube sheet 3. Then, the shaft 2 drives the movable disc 5 to rotate at a certain angle, so that the connecting flow guiding system 7 is aligned with the next tube bank. Repeat the above steps to complete the flushing and cleaning of each heat exchange pipe 4 one by one.

[0053] In addition, each outlet A72 and outlet B73 is equipped with a solenoid valve (not labeled in the figure). During rinsing and cleaning, the solenoid valves are controlled to be in the open state to ensure that the rinsing water can flow normally. During heat exchange, the solenoid valves are controlled to be in the closed state to prevent liquid media from flowing into the water inlet chamber 05 or the water collection chamber 06 and causing leakage.

[0054] Secondly, by controlling only one solenoid valve on each side to be in the open state, water is filled into the corresponding heat exchange pipe 4, and then the two solenoid valves at that point are closed. After waiting for a period of time, it is observed whether water flows out from the steam outlet to determine whether there is any leakage or damage to the heat exchange pipe 4, thereby achieving leak detection of a single heat exchange pipe 4.

[0055] It is evident that the interconnecting flow guiding system 7 in this heat exchanger can not only achieve the flushing and cleaning of the heat exchange pipe 4, but also the leak detection of the heat exchange pipe 4, achieving two goals at once.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] Please see Figure 8 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0058] The second drive mechanism 6 includes an electric push cylinder 61 and a slide block 62. The shaft 2 has a pair of inner cavities 601 and a slide groove 602. The two inner cavities 601 are respectively equipped with horizontally extending electric push cylinders 61, which are arranged in opposite directions. The slide blocks 62 are slidably installed in the two slide grooves 602. The telescopic ends of the two electric push cylinders 61 extend through the slide grooves 602 and are fixed to the slide blocks 62 on the same side. The perforated wall of the movable disk 5 is fixed to the slide block 62 on the corresponding side. The telescopic operation of the electric push cylinders 61 drives the slide blocks 62 to slide in the slide grooves 602, thereby driving the movable disk 5 to slide left and right along the shaft 2, providing a stable drive for the translational adjustment of the shaft 2.

[0059] In addition, the electric push cylinder 61 is installed in the inner cavity 601, and its telescopic rod and the shaft 2 are mechanically sealed by a sliding hole located between the inner cavity 601 and the sliding groove 602 to prevent liquid from seeping into the inner cavity 601 and affecting the electric push cylinder 61. The specific sealing method adopts the existing technology, which will not be described in detail in this application.

[0060] In addition, the perforated wall of the movable disc 5 and the outer wall of the shaft 2 are tightly slidably fitted together, and the outer surface of the slide block 62 and the inner wall of the slide groove 602 are tightly slidably fitted together, ensuring the sealing of the movable disc 5 as it slides along the shaft 2, and preventing liquid medium from leaking to the other side of the movable disc 5. The specific sealing mechanism adopts the existing technology, which will not be described in detail in this application.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] Please see Figure 4 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that:

[0063] Both ends of the shaft 2 extend through to the outside of the steam heat exchanger housing 1. A first drive mechanism 24 for driving the shaft 2 to rotate is provided at end A01 of the steam heat exchanger housing 1. The first drive mechanism 24 includes a geared motor 242. A bracket 241 is fixed on the end wall of the steam heat exchanger housing 1. The geared motor 242 is fixed on the bracket 241, and its output shaft is fixedly connected to the end of the shaft 2 through a coupling. When the geared motor 242 works, its output end can drive the shaft 2 to rotate under the transmission action of the coupling, providing a stable drive for the rotation of the shaft 2 and the movable disk 5.

[0064] Example 4

[0065] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is as follows:

[0066] Both movable discs 5 are provided with several through-holes B51 in a ring array. On the side of the two movable discs 5 that are far apart from each other, a sealing disc 03 is rotatably installed. The sealing disc 03 is provided with several through-holes A031 in a ring array. The positions of the through-holes A031 and the through-holes B51 on the same side are one-to-one. The inner wall of the steam heat exchanger shell 1 is fixed with a retaining ring 04 near both ends. The retaining ring 04 is squeezed and sealed with the movable disc 5 on the same side.

[0067] When the two movable discs 5 are moved by the second drive mechanism 6 to abut and press against the corresponding retaining rings 04, as shown... Figure 14 As shown, an air inlet chamber 07 is formed between the movable plate 5 at end A 01 and the end wall of the steam heat exchanger shell 1. An air inlet pipe 13 is connected at end A 01 of the steam heat exchanger shell 1 to supply airflow into the air inlet chamber 07. A heating tank 131 is also connected in series on the air inlet pipe 13. Several electric heating elements 132 are installed in the heating tank 131. When the electric heating elements 132 are energized, they heat up and work to heat the airflow entering the heating tank 131. The electric heating elements 132 can be electric heating tubes or electric heating grids. The air inlet pipe 13 is connected to the air outlet port of a centrifugal fan (not shown in the figure).

[0068] A third drive mechanism 8 is also provided on the side of the two movable discs 5 that are far apart from each other. The third drive mechanism 8 is used to drive the sealing disc 03 to rotate and adjust. When the sealing disc 03 rotates and adjusts to the point where the flow hole A031 and the flow hole B51 overlap, the centrifugal fan draws air into the air inlet pipe 13. When the air flows through the heating tank 131, the electric heating element 132 heats the air to form a hot airflow, which enters the air inlet chamber 07. Then, the hot airflow flows through the flow hole A031 and the flow hole B51 into the other side of the movable disc 5, and finally flows into each heat exchange pipe 4. On the one hand, it can dry the water remaining on the inner wall of the heat exchange pipe 4 after rinsing. On the other hand, it can dry the dirt adhering to the inner wall of the heat exchange pipe 4 due to water and blow it out together.

[0069] Example 5

[0070] Please see Figure 14 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that:

[0071] When the movable disc 5 at end B 02 abuts and presses against the retaining ring 04 on the same side, a gas collecting cavity 08 is formed between the movable disc 5 and the end wall of the steam heat exchanger shell 1. Furthermore, as... Figure 7 As shown, the end of the shaft 2 away from the air inlet pipe 13 is provided with an exhaust chamber 21. Several through air inlets 22 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the shaft 2 and located in the air collection chamber 08, which are used to guide the airflow in the air collection chamber 08 into the exhaust chamber 21. A rotating sleeve 23 is provided on the end of the shaft 2 away from the air inlet pipe 13, which is used to rotatably connect with the interface of the waste gas treatment equipment (not shown in the figure) to accommodate the rotation of the shaft 2.

[0072] The hot air carrying dirt flows into the gas collection chamber 08 through the flow holes B51 and A031 at end B 02, and then into the exhaust chamber 21 through the air inlet 22. Finally, it is discharged into the waste gas treatment equipment through the rotating sleeve 23 so that the waste heat can be recovered and treated.

[0073] Furthermore, when the two movable discs 5 and the corresponding retaining rings 04 are pressed together to form the air inlet chamber 07 and the air collecting chamber 08, the sealing disc 03 is rotated and adjusted to make the flow hole A031 and the flow hole B51 misaligned. The sealing disc 03 is used to seal each flow hole B51, which can form a closed space on both sides of the steam heat exchanger shell 1. The third drive mechanism 8 is set in this closed space, which can effectively protect it and prevent the intrusion of liquid media.

[0074] Example 6

[0075] Please see Figure 11 and Figure 12 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 5 is that:

[0076] On the opposite sides of the two movable discs 5, a sleeve seat 501 is coaxially rotatably mounted. The sealing disc 03 is limited and slidably mounted on the sleeve seat 501 on the same side. Specifically, several long grooves 502 are evenly distributed on the peripheral wall of the sleeve seat 501. A slider 503 is slidably mounted in each long groove 502. The sliders 503 are fixed to the inner wall of the hole on the sealing disc 03 to achieve the limited sliding installation of the sealing disc 03.

[0077] The third drive mechanism 8 includes a worm 82, a drive motor 83, and a worm wheel 84. Two mounting brackets 81 are fixed on the movable disk 5. The worm 82 is rotatably mounted on the two mounting brackets 81. The drive motor 83 is fixed on one of the mounting brackets 81, and its output shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the worm 82. The worm wheel 84 is correspondingly fixedly fitted on the sleeve seat 501 and meshes with the worm 82 on the same side.

[0078] The drive motor 83 drives the worm gear 82 to rotate. The rotating worm gear 82 meshes with the worm wheel 84 and drives the sleeve seat 501 to rotate, which in turn drives the sealing disc 03 to rotate. This provides an effective drive for the sealing disc 03 to rotate and open and close the airflow channel. In addition, the unidirectional transmission between the worm gear 82 and the worm wheel 84 achieves a self-locking effect.

[0079] Specifically, each of the two sealing discs 03 has a clearance groove 032 on one side that is close to each other. On the sleeve seat 501, an elastic washer 91 is fitted at the position between the sealing disc 03 and the movable disc 5 and corresponding to the clearance groove 032. The clearance groove 032 provides space for the elastic washer 91. One end of the elastic washer 91 abuts against the movable disc 5, and the other end abuts against the inner end wall of the clearance groove 032. Two cams 9 are fixedly fitted on the worm gear 82, both of which abut against and cooperate with the sealing disc 03.

[0080] During the process of the third drive mechanism 8 driving the sealing disc 03 to rotate and align the flow hole A031 with the flow hole B51, the protrusion on the elastic washer 91 gradually moves away from the sealing disc 03. Under the elastic force of the elastic washer 91, the sealing disc 03 is pushed away from the movable disc 5. On the one hand, this avoids excessive wear between the sealing disc 03 and the movable disc 5, which would affect the sealing effect during compression. On the other hand, it increases the gap between the sealing disc 03 and the movable disc 5, making it easier for air to flow from between the sealing disc 03 and the movable disc 5 into the flow hole B51, thus achieving air intake replenishment.

[0081] During the process of the third drive mechanism 8 driving the sealing disc 03 to rotate and causing the flow hole A031 to be misaligned with the flow hole B51 to block the flow hole B51, the protrusion on the elastic washer 91 gradually approaches the sealing disc 03. The elastic washer 91 gradually pushes the sealing disc 03 towards the side of the movable disc 5. At the same time, the elastic washer 91 is compressed and stores force. Finally, when the sealing disc 03 completely blocks the flow hole B51, the sealing disc 03 and the movable disc 5 are tightly pressed together, effectively improving the sealing performance.

[0082] The control method of the present invention is automatic control through a controller. The control circuit of the controller can be implemented by simple programming by those skilled in the art. The power supply is also common knowledge in the art. Therefore, the present invention will not explain the control method and circuit connection in detail.

[0083] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprising a steam heat exchanger shell (1), a tube sheet (3), and a plurality of heat exchange pipes (4), wherein one side of the steam heat exchanger shell (1) is defined as end A (01), and the other side as end B (02), characterized in that: The two tube sheets (3) are symmetrically fixed inside the steam heat exchanger shell (1). The two tube sheets (3) are provided with a number of tube rows that are distributed in a ring around the axis of the steam heat exchanger shell (1). Each tube row is composed of a number of heat exchange pipes (4) distributed radially along the steam heat exchanger shell (1). The steam heat exchanger shell (1) is rotatably installed with a shaft (2) that passes through two tube sheets (3). Movable discs (5) are respectively fitted on both sides of the shaft (2). A pair of second drive mechanisms (6) are symmetrically provided inside the shaft (2) for driving the movable discs (5) on the same side to translate axially. Both movable discs (5) are equipped with a connecting flow guiding system (7). When the two movable discs (5) are pressed against the corresponding tube sheet (3), an inlet channel is formed at end A (01) and an outlet channel is formed at end B (02), and the two are in corresponding positions. During one rotation cycle of the shaft (2), the inlet channel and the outlet channel can be simultaneously aligned and connected to each pipe column in sequence.

2. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both tube sheets (3) are provided with annular grooves (31) on the side that is far apart from each other; A water inlet pipe (11) is fixed on the tube sheet (3) at end A (01) and communicates with the annular groove (31) on the same side. The water inlet pipe (11) extends vertically upward to the outside of the steam heat exchanger shell (1). A water outlet pipe (12) is fixed on the tube sheet (3) at end B (02) and communicates with the annular groove (31) on the same side. The water outlet pipe (12) extends vertically downward to the outside of the steam heat exchanger shell (1). The connecting flow guiding system (7) includes a flow channel (71), a flow port A (72) and a flow port B (73); Both of the movable discs (5) are provided with radially extending flow channels (71) at corresponding positions. Both of the movable discs (5) are provided with a flow port A (72) and several flow ports B (73) on the side that is close to each other, and the flow ports A (72) and B (73) are connected to the flow channel (71) on the same side; The outlet A (72) corresponds to the position of the annular groove (31) on the same side, and the number and spacing of the outlets B (73) are consistent with the heat exchange pipes (4) in the tube array; When the movable disc (5) at end A (01) comes into contact with the tube sheet (3) and is pressed together, a water inlet cavity (05) is formed between the annular groove (31) and the end face of the movable disc (5), which is used to continuously supply the flushing water supplied by the water inlet pipe (11) to the flow channel (71) along the circumferential path; When the movable disc (5) at end B (02) comes into contact with and presses against the tube sheet (3), a water collection cavity (06) is formed between the annular groove (31) and the end face of the movable disc (5), which is used to continuously transport the flushing wastewater to the outlet pipe (12) for discharge along the circumferential path.

3. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: Solenoid valves are installed in each of the aforementioned outlets A (72) and B (73).

4. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second drive mechanism (6) includes an electric push cylinder (61) and a slide (62); The shaft (2) is provided with a pair of inner cavities (601) and a sliding groove (602); The two inner cavities (601) are respectively equipped with horizontally extending electric push cylinders (61), and the two electric push cylinders (61) are arranged in opposite directions. Both of the aforementioned slide grooves (602) are slidably installed with slide blocks (62), and the telescopic ends of the two aforementioned electric push cylinders (61) extend through into the slide grooves (602) respectively, and are fixed to the slide blocks (62) on the same side accordingly; The perforated wall of the movable plate (5) is fixed to the slide (62) on the corresponding side; The perforated wall of the movable disc (5) and the outer wall of the shaft (2) are in close sliding contact; The outer surface of the slide block (62) and the inner wall of the slide groove (602) are in close sliding contact.

5. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the shaft (2) extend through to the outside of the steam heat exchanger shell (1), and a first drive mechanism (24) for driving the shaft (2) to rotate is provided at end A (01) of the steam heat exchanger shell (1). The first drive mechanism (24) includes a geared motor (242); A bracket (241) is fixed on the end wall of the outer shell (1) of the steam heat exchanger. The geared motor (242) is fixed on the bracket (241), and the output shaft is fixedly connected to the end of the shaft (2) through a coupling.

6. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both of the movable disks (5) are provided with several through-holes B (51) in a ring array. Both of the two movable discs (5) are rotatably mounted with a sealing disc (03) on the side away from each other. The sealing disc (03) is provided with a number of flow holes A (031) in a ring array. The positions of the flow holes A (031) correspond one-to-one with the flow holes B (51) on the same side. The inner wall of the steam heat exchanger shell (1) is fixed with retaining rings (04) near both ends, and the retaining rings (04) are squeezed and sealed with the movable disc (5) on the same side. When the two movable discs (5) are pressed against the retaining ring (04) on the same side, an air inlet chamber (07) is formed between the movable disc (5) at end A (01) and the end wall of the steam heat exchanger shell (1). An air inlet pipe (13) for supplying airflow to the air inlet chamber (07) is connected at end A (01) of the steam heat exchanger shell (1), and the air inlet pipe (13) is connected to the air outlet port of the centrifugal fan. A third drive mechanism (8) is provided on the side of the two movable discs (5) that are far apart from each other. The third drive mechanism (8) is used to drive the sealing disc (03) to rotate and adjust. When the sealing plate (03) is rotated and adjusted so that the flow hole A (031) and the flow hole B (51) overlap, the airflow in the air inlet chamber (07) can be introduced into each of the heat exchange pipes (4) from end A (01).

7. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: A heating tank (131) is also connected in series on the air intake pipe (13), and several electric heating elements (132) are installed inside the heating tank (131).

8. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the two movable discs (5) are pressed against the retaining ring (04) on the same side, a gas collecting cavity (08) is formed between the movable disc (5) at end B (02) and the end wall of the steam heat exchanger shell (1). The shaft (2) has an exhaust chamber (21) inside the end away from the air inlet pipe (13). Several through air inlets (22) are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the shaft (2) and inside the air collection chamber (08) to guide the airflow in the air collection chamber (08) into the exhaust chamber (21). A rotating sleeve (23) is provided on the end of the shaft (2) away from the air inlet pipe (13) for rotating connection with the interface of the waste gas treatment equipment.

9. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both movable discs (5) are coaxially mounted with sleeve seats (501) on the sides that are far apart from each other. The sealing disc (03) is limited and slidably mounted on the sleeve seat (501) on the same side; The third drive mechanism (8) includes a worm (82), a drive motor (83), and a worm wheel (84). Two mounting brackets (81) are fixed on the movable plate (5), and the worm gear (82) is rotatably mounted on the two mounting brackets (81); The drive motor (83) is fixed on one side of the mounting bracket (81), and the output shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the worm (82); The worm gear (84) is fixedly mounted on the sleeve seat (501) and meshes with the worm (82) on the same side.

10. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 9, characterized in that: Both of the two sealing discs (03) are provided with a clearance groove (032) on the side that is close to each other. Elastic washers (91) are fitted on the sleeve seat (501) at the positions between the sealing disc (03) and the movable disc (5) and corresponding to the positions of the relief groove (032). One end of the elastic washer (91) abuts against the movable disc (5), and the other end abuts against the inner end wall of the relief groove (032); Two cams (9) are fixedly mounted on the worm gear (82), both of which abut against the sealing disc (03).

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