A multi-protection high-temperature and high-pressure water environment test system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multiple security protection's high temperature high pressure water environment test system, belongs to supercritical water experimental equipment technical field, including test bin, cyclone separator and jet pump, wherein, the top of cyclone separator is equipped with induction heater, to heat the light water in cyclone separator.And the bottom of cyclone separator is provided with evaporation chamber, for releasing steam driving steam pump operation by passing in cooling water.And on the other hand, steam pump is rotatably provided with steam turbine, steam turbine is communicated with evaporation chamber output end, whereby evaporation chamber generates high-pressure steam can enter steam turbine, and the tail gas generated after steam pump operation is passed into the nozzle of jet pump, so as to utilize jet pump to introduce cooling water into evaporation chamber to generate steam again, recycle to steam turbine, so as to make it continue to rotate, whereby to drive light water to flow in test bin and cyclone separator, and effectively separate out harmful impurities, so as to ensure the stability and safety of test environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of supercritical water experimental equipment technology, specifically to a high-temperature and high-pressure water environment testing system with multiple safety protections. Background Technology

[0002] As temperature and pressure gradually increase, water eventually exceeds its critical point (critical temperature: 374.3℃, critical pressure: 22.1MPa) and reaches a supercritical state. At this point, the boundary between the liquid and gaseous states disappears, and it exhibits unique physicochemical properties, specifically reduced density and viscosity, low dielectric constant, high diffusivity, and strong oxidizing properties. These properties have high application value in waste treatment, materials synthesis, and energy utilization. Therefore, supercritical water technology, due to its high efficiency and environmental friendliness, is considered an important direction for green chemistry and sustainable development.

[0003] However, obtaining and studying supercritical water not only requires light water to reach and exceed the critical point, but also faces many challenges. First, maintaining supercritical conditions requires continuous energy input. Furthermore, due to the strong corrosiveness of supercritical water, it can easily corrode experimental samples or reactor materials, leading to salt deposition and equipment blockage. Therefore, studying supercritical water requires not only simulating the continuous flow of the medium, but also being able to separate impurities in a timely manner to ensure its stability and safety in order to obtain accurate experimental data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address this issue, the present invention provides a high-temperature and high-pressure water environment testing system with multiple safety protections, which can promptly separate impurities under supercritical conditions to solve the problem of equipment blockage caused by salt deposition in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention discloses a high-temperature and high-pressure water environment testing system with multiple safety protections, comprising:

[0007] The test chamber contains a sealed pod, and its external output end is connected to the input end of a steam pump.

[0008] A hydrocyclone separator is equipped with an induction heater at the top and an evaporation chamber at the bottom. The output end of the hydrocyclone separator is connected to the input end of the test chamber, and the output end of the steam pump is connected to the input end of the hydrocyclone separator.

[0009] The jet pump has a nozzle connected to a turbine that is rotatably installed inside the steam pump. The turbine is connected to the output end of the evaporation chamber, and the input end of the evaporation chamber is connected to the outlet of the jet pump.

[0010] The evaporation chamber generates high-pressure steam which enters the turbine and drives the turbine to rotate in the steam pump. This, in turn, causes light water to flow in the test chamber and the cyclone separator, and the light water is heated to a supercritical state by the induction heater.

[0011] Furthermore, the cyclone separator includes:

[0012] A vortex barrel has an input pipe at the bottom and an output pipe at the top, both of which are tangentially arranged outside the vortex barrel.

[0013] The separation funnel is integrally formed with the top of the cyclone barrel and a rivet ring is provided at the connection point. The rivet ring is riveted and fixed to the evaporation chamber.

[0014] An inverted deposition funnel is integrally formed with the top of the separation funnel and has a sealing cap installed at the bottom. The inverted deposition funnel is funnel-shaped and has heat dissipation fins at the connection between the inverted deposition funnel and the separation funnel.

[0015] Furthermore, the steam turbine includes a hollow wheel, inner helical blades, and outer helical blades, and the hollow wheel is rotatably disposed inside the steam pump and is adapted to input steam into the hollow wheel;

[0016] The hollow wheel has an outer spiral blade on its outside and an inner spiral blade on its inside. The steam released from the evaporation chamber drives the inner spiral blade to rotate.

[0017] Furthermore, the jet pump includes:

[0018] The mixing chamber has an inlet pipe at the rear and an outlet pipe at the front.

[0019] A nozzle is disposed in the mixing chamber and connected to an air inlet. The air inlet is disposed on one side of the mixing chamber, and an overflow valve is disposed on the other side of the mixing chamber.

[0020] The overflow valve is installed on the nozzle and is connected to an external connection.

[0021] Furthermore, the evaporation chamber includes a pressure tank, a nozzle, a water inlet, and an exhaust port. The riveting ring is riveted and fixed to the top of the pressure tank. The side of the pressure tank is provided with a water inlet and an exhaust port. The water inlet is connected to the nozzle installed inside the pressure tank.

[0022] Furthermore, the steam pump includes:

[0023] The pump body has an input interface at the tail end and an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe on the side.

[0024] An end cap is provided with an output interface at the center. The end cap is riveted to the front end of the pump body, and the output interface is aligned with the input interface. A rotary joint connected to the hollow wheel is installed at the end of the output interface and the input interface.

[0025] Furthermore, the induction heater includes a sealing cover and a tungsten wire coil. The sealing cover is installed on the top of the vortex barrel, and the tungsten wire coil is disposed at the bottom of the sealing cover. The tungsten wire coil is located at the axis of the vortex barrel.

[0026] Furthermore, the test chamber includes a chamber body and a safety valve. The chamber body is cylindrical or oval, and a safety valve is provided at the bottom of the chamber body, which is suitable for connecting to the ground through the safety valve.

[0027] The steam pump is connected to the cyclone separator via the silo body.

[0028] Furthermore, the sealed pod includes a lifting ring, a cover, an observation window, and a hanging bracket. The cover is sealed on the top of the pod, the observation window is provided on the top of the cover, and the hanging bracket is provided at the bottom.

[0029] The top of the cover is also provided with a lifting ring, which is adapted to be connected to an overhead crane to lift the cover.

[0030] Furthermore, temperature sensors and pressure sensors are installed in the test chamber, cyclone separator, and jet pump.

[0031] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0032] This invention discloses a high-temperature, high-pressure water environment testing system with multiple safety protections. Under supercritical conditions, a hydrocyclone separator generates swirling currents, allowing for the timely separation of impurities using centrifugal force. An induction heater then heats light water to form supercritical water. The heat transferred from the hydrocyclone separator itself heats cooling water to generate steam, which drives a steam pump. This enables the supercritical fluid to circulate between the hydrocyclone separator and the test chamber, facilitating testing in the high-temperature, high-pressure water environment within the test chamber. Compared to existing technologies, this invention's solution can autonomously separate impurities and precipitate inorganic salts in the water environment. Simultaneously, the cooling water lowers the ambient temperature, causing impurities and salts to deposit and accumulate together, reducing salt buildup in other parts of the equipment and preventing blockages. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0034] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed herein, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 1 A three-dimensional view of the high-temperature and high-pressure water environment testing system with multiple safety protections provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 A perspective view of the evaporation chamber provided for this invention;

[0037] Figure 3 A perspective view of the jet pump provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 A perspective view of a steam turbine provided for this invention;

[0039] Figure 5 A three-dimensional view of the test chamber provided for this invention;

[0040] Figure 6 A perspective view of the sealed pod provided for this invention;

[0041] Figure 7 A perspective view of the induction heater provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 A perspective view of the steam pump provided for this invention;

[0043] Figure 9 A perspective view of the cyclone separator provided by the present invention;

[0044] In the diagram: 1. Test chamber; 11. Chamber body; 12. Safety valve; 2. Sealed pod; 21. Lifting ring; 22. Cover; 23. Observation window; 24. Hanger; 3. Cyclone separator; 31. Cyclone barrel; 32. Input pipe; 33. Separation funnel; 34. Output pipe; 35. Riveting ring; 36. Inverted sedimentation funnel; 37. Heat dissipation fins; 4. Induction heater; 41. Sealing cover; 42. Tungsten wire coil; 5. Jet pump; 51. Mixing chamber; 52. Inlet pipe; 53. Nozzle; 54. Outlet pipe; 55. Overflow valve; 56. Air inlet; 6. Evaporation chamber; 61. Pressure tank; 62. Nozzle; 63. Water inlet; 64. Exhaust port; 7. Steam pump; 71. Pump body; 72. Water outlet pipe; 73. End cover; 74. Output interface; 75. Input interface; 8. Steam turbine; 81. Hollow wheel; 82. Inner spiral blade; 83. Outer spiral blade. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Please refer to this as well. Figures 1-9 This invention discloses a high-temperature and high-pressure water environment testing system with multiple safety protections. By increasing the temperature and pressure of light water to achieve a supercritical or subcritical state, a real supercritical water environment is created under high temperature and pressure conditions and circulated within it. Furthermore, during scientific experiments, harmful impurities are effectively separated, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the test environment.

[0047] In one specific embodiment disclosed in this invention, such as Figure 1The high-temperature and high-pressure water environment testing system with multiple safety protections mainly includes a test chamber 1, a cyclone separator 3, and a jet pump 5. An induction heater 4 is installed at the top of the cyclone separator 3. The induction heater 4 generates eddy currents by connecting to high-frequency alternating current, releasing heat to heat the light water inside the cyclone separator 3. An evaporation chamber 6 is located at the bottom of the cyclone separator 3. The evaporation chamber 6 maintains a constant pressure and is circulated with cooling water to absorb the heat released by the cyclone separator 3, thereby generating steam to drive the steam pump 7. Simultaneously, the external output end of the cyclone separator 3 is connected to the input end of the test chamber 1, and the external output end of the test chamber 1 is connected to the input end of the steam pump 7. A sealed pod 2 is installed inside the test chamber 1 for placing test materials. On the other hand, a steam turbine 8 is rotatably mounted inside the steam pump 7. The steam turbine 8 is connected to the output end of the evaporation chamber 6, so that the high-pressure steam generated in the evaporation chamber 6 can enter the steam turbine 8, thereby driving the steam turbine 8 to rotate inside the steam pump 7. This, in turn, drives the light water to flow in the test chamber 1 and the cyclone separator 3, and heats the light water to a supercritical state through the induction heater 4. Based on this structure, the exhaust gas generated after the steam pump 7 runs is introduced into the nozzle of the jet pump 5, thereby using the jet pump 5 to introduce cooling water into the evaporation chamber 6 to regenerate steam, which is then replenished to the steam turbine 8, keeping it rotating continuously.

[0048] In this embodiment, temperature sensors and pressure sensors are installed in the test chamber 1, the cyclone separator 3, and the jet pump 5 to monitor the physical parameters of each part of the system in real time.

[0049] In a specific embodiment of this invention, the hydrocyclone separator 3 includes a hydrocyclone barrel 31, a separation funnel 33, and an inverted sedimentation funnel 36. The hydrocyclone barrel 31 has an input pipe 32 at its lower part and an output pipe 34 at its upper part. Both the output pipe 34 and the input pipe 32 are tangentially positioned outside the hydrocyclone barrel 31. When water enters the hydrocyclone barrel 31, it flows along the barrel wall, thus forming a vortex. In supercritical water conditions, not only is the solubility of inorganic salts reduced, but the water itself also has strong oxidizing properties. When reacting with experimental materials, the resulting debris or sediment will sink with the vortex. The bottom of the hydrocyclone barrel 31 is integrally formed with the separation funnel 33, which collects the debris or sediment.

[0050] In this embodiment, as Figure 9A riveting ring 35 is provided at the connection between the separation funnel 33 and the cyclone tank 31. The riveting ring 35 is used to rivet and fix it to the evaporation chamber 6. Cooling water can be introduced into the evaporation chamber 6 through a jet pump. At the same time, the top of the inverted sedimentation funnel 36 is integrally formed with the top of the separation funnel 33, and a sealing cover is installed at the bottom. The inverted sedimentation funnel 36 is funnel-shaped, and heat dissipation fins 37 are provided at the connection position between the inverted sedimentation funnel 36 and the separation funnel 33. During the cooling process of the inverted sedimentation funnel 36, not only will a large amount of steam be generated to drive the steam pump, but the temperature of the water in the inverted sedimentation funnel 36 will also be reduced rapidly, causing the deposited salt entering the inverted sedimentation funnel 36 to concentrate, precipitate and solidify, thereby preventing the deposited salt from settling in other parts of the equipment and causing blockage problems.

[0051] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 The steam turbine 8 includes a hollow wheel 81, an inner helical blade 82, and an outer helical blade 83. The hollow wheel 81 is rotatably installed inside the steam pump 7 and is adapted to input steam into the hollow wheel 81. The steam drives the inner helical blade 82, which is fixedly installed inside the hollow wheel 81, to rotate. This, in turn, drives the outer helical blade 83, which is installed on the outside, to rotate, thereby promoting the circulation of the fluid medium between the cyclone separator 3 and the test chamber 1.

[0052] In this embodiment, as Figure 8 The steam pump 7 includes a pump body 71 and an end cover 73. An input port 75 is located at the tail end of the pump body 71, and the end cover 73 is riveted to the head end of the pump body 71. An output port 74 is located at the center of the end cover 73. The output port 74 is aligned with the input port 75, and a rotary joint connected to a hollow wheel 81 is installed at the ends of both the output port 74 and the input port 75. An inlet pipe 76 and an outlet pipe 72 are located on the side of the pump body 71 to facilitate the circulation of the high-temperature, high-pressure fluid medium.

[0053] In one specific embodiment disclosed in this invention, such as Figure 3 The jet pump 5 includes a mixing chamber 51 and a nozzle 53. The mixing chamber 51 has an inlet pipe 52 at its tail end and an outlet pipe 54 at its head end. The nozzle 53 is installed inside the mixing chamber 51 and is connected to the air inlet 56. It releases the high-temperature steam flowing out of the hollow wheel 81, thereby creating a negative pressure in the mixing chamber 51. This pressure then drives the cooling water to enter through the inlet pipe 52 and discharge it into the evaporation chamber 6 through the outlet pipe 54. In addition, to ensure that the outlet pressure of the nozzle 53 remains stable, an overflow valve 55 is installed on the nozzle 53. The overflow valve 55 is connected to the outside to discharge excess steam to the outside.

[0054] In this embodiment, as Figure 2The evaporation chamber 6 includes a pressure tank 61, a nozzle 62, a water inlet 63, and an exhaust port 64. The riveting ring 35 is riveted and fixed to the top of the pressure tank 61. The side of the pressure tank 61 is provided with a water inlet 63 and an exhaust port 64. The water inlet 63 is connected to the nozzle 62 installed in the pressure tank 61. Since the temperature of the inverted sedimentation funnel 36 is close to the critical temperature of water, the release of cooling water by the nozzle 62 can form a large amount of steam in a short time, thereby achieving the rated power to start the steam pump.

[0055] In some embodiments, the induction heater 4 includes a sealing cover 41 and a tungsten wire coil 42. The sealing cover 41 is installed on the top of the vortex tank 31, and the tungsten wire coil 42 is disposed at the bottom of the sealing cover 41. The tungsten wire coil 42 is located at the axis of the vortex tank 31, where the centrifugal force is minimal, which can prevent the tungsten wire coil 42 from being subjected to excessive force due to the vortex and breaking. The tungsten wire coil 42 can heat light water to a critical state.

[0056] Based on this, high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical water enters the test chamber 1, which includes a chamber body 11 and a safety valve 12. The chamber body 11 is cylindrical or oval, and a safety valve 12 is installed at the bottom of the chamber body 11, which is suitable for introducing water into the ground through the safety valve 12. Since the steam pump 7 is connected to the cyclone separator 3 through the chamber body 11, when the pressure is too high and the supercritical water leaks, the safety valve 12 can be opened in an emergency to introduce the water into the ground, thereby protecting the equipment.

[0057] In this embodiment, the sealed pod 2 includes a lifting ring 21, a cover 22, an observation window 23, and a hanger 24. The top of the pod 11 is sealed with a cover 22, the top of the cover 22 is provided with an observation window 23, and the bottom is provided with a hanger 24. The hanger 24 is made of zirconium alloy or Hastelloy alloy. The top of the cover 22 is also provided with a lifting ring 21, which can be connected to an overhead crane to lift the cover 22 and put in the test material.

[0058] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature and high-pressure water environment testing system with multiple safety protections, characterized in that, include: The test chamber (1) has a sealed pod (2) installed inside, and its external output end is connected to the input end of the steam pump (7); The cyclone separator (3) is equipped with an induction heater (4) on the top and an evaporation chamber (6) at the bottom. The output end of the cyclone separator (3) is connected to the input end of the test chamber (1), and the output end of the steam pump (7) is connected to the input end of the cyclone separator (3). The jet pump (5) includes a mixing chamber (51) and a nozzle (53). The mixing chamber (51) is provided with an inlet pipe (52) at its tail end and an outlet pipe (54) at its head end. The nozzle (53) is located inside the mixing chamber (51) and is connected to an air inlet (56). The air inlet (56) is located on one side of the mixing chamber (51), and an overflow valve (55) is located on the other side of the mixing chamber (51). The overflow valve (55) is installed on the nozzle (53) and communicates with the outside. The nozzle (53) of the jet pump (5) is connected to the turbine (8) rotatably installed in the steam pump (7). The turbine (8) is connected to the output end of the evaporation chamber (6). The input end of the evaporation chamber (6) is connected to the outlet of the jet pump (5). The evaporation chamber (6) generates high-pressure steam that enters the turbine (8) and drives the turbine (8) to rotate in the steam pump (7), thereby driving light water to flow in the test chamber (1) and the cyclone separator (3), and heating the light water to a supercritical state through the induction heater (4). The cyclone separator (3) includes: A vortex barrel (31) is provided with an input pipe (32) at the bottom and an output pipe (34) at the top. Both the output pipe (34) and the input pipe (32) are provided tangentially outside the vortex barrel (31). The separation funnel (33) is integrally formed with the top of the cyclone barrel (31) and a rivet ring (35) is provided at the connection. The rivet ring (35) is riveted and fixed to the evaporation chamber (6). An inverted deposition funnel (36) is integrally formed with the top of the separation funnel (33) and has a sealing cap installed at the bottom. The inverted deposition funnel (36) is funnel-shaped and has heat dissipation fins (37) at the connection position between the inverted deposition funnel (36) and the separation funnel (33).

2. The high-temperature and high-pressure water environment testing system with multiple safety protections according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steam turbine (8) includes a hollow wheel (81), an inner helical blade (82) and an outer helical blade (83). The hollow wheel (81) is rotatably disposed inside the steam pump (7) and is adapted to input steam into the hollow wheel (81). The hollow wheel (81) is provided with an outer spiral blade (83) on the outside and an inner spiral blade (82) on the inside. The steam released from the evaporation chamber (6) drives the inner spiral blade (82) to rotate.

3. The high-temperature and high-pressure water environment testing system with multiple safety protections according to claim 2, characterized in that, The evaporation chamber (6) includes a pressure tank (61), a nozzle (62), a water inlet (63), and an exhaust port (64). The riveting ring (35) is riveted to the top of the pressure tank (61). The pressure tank (61) has a water inlet (63) and an exhaust port (64) on its side. The water inlet (63) is connected to the nozzle (62) installed in the pressure tank (61).

4. The high-temperature and high-pressure water environment testing system with multiple safety protections according to claim 2, characterized in that, The steam pump (7) includes: The pump body (71) has an input interface (75) at the tail end and an inlet pipe (76) and an outlet pipe (72) on the side. An output interface (74) is provided at the center of the end cover (73). The end cover (73) is riveted to the head end of the pump body (71). The output interface (74) is aligned with the input interface (75). Rotary joints connected to the hollow wheel (81) are installed at the ends of the output interface (74) and the input interface (75).

5. The high-temperature and high-pressure water environment testing system with multiple safety protections according to claim 1, characterized in that, The induction heater (4) includes a sealing cover (41) and a tungsten wire coil (42). The sealing cover (41) is installed on the top of the vortex barrel (31), and the tungsten wire coil (42) is provided at the bottom of the sealing cover (41). The tungsten wire coil (42) is located at the axis of the vortex barrel (31).

6. The high-temperature and high-pressure water environment testing system with multiple safety protections according to claim 2, characterized in that, The test chamber (1) includes a chamber body (11) and a safety valve (12). The chamber body (11) is cylindrical or oval. The bottom of the chamber body (11) is provided with a safety valve (12) and is adapted to be connected to the ground through the safety valve (12). The steam pump (7) is connected to the cyclone separator (3) through the silo body (11).

7. The high-temperature and high-pressure water environment testing system with multiple safety protections according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sealed pod (2) includes a lifting ring (21), a cover (22), an observation window (23), and a hanging rack (24). The top of the pod (11) is sealed with the cover (22), the top of the cover (22) is provided with the observation window (23), and the bottom is provided with the hanging rack (24). The top of the cover (22) is also provided with a lifting ring (21), which is adapted to be connected to a crane to lift the cover (22).

8. The high-temperature and high-pressure water environment testing system with multiple safety protections according to claim 1, characterized in that, Temperature and pressure sensors are installed in the test chamber (1), cyclone separator (3), and jet pump (5).

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