A method and device for evaluating uncertainty of a three-dimensional positive definite ultrasonic anemometer

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of uncertainty evaluation method and device of three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer, it is related to uncertainty evaluation technical field, the method includes: respectively obtaining the theoretical measurement model of wind speed indication error and wind direction indication error of three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer;Established by wind tunnel device, standard wind speed device, standard wind direction device and the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer to be evaluated test system of three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer is constructed;The influence of the instability of wind tunnel device is obtained, the influence of standard wind speed device structure is generated, to establish the actual measurement model of wind speed indication error and the actual measurement model of wind direction indication error of three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer;According to wind speed indication error and wind direction indication error actual measurement model respectively, uncertainty evaluation result is obtained using pre-established uncertainty evaluation algorithm.The application realizes the uncertainty evaluation of three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of uncertainty evaluation, in particular to a method and device for evaluating the uncertainty of a three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer. BACKGROUND

[0002] The three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometer is an innovative meteorological monitoring device, and its high-precision measurement capability plays a crucial role in meteorological monitoring and wind energy assessment. This sensor emits and receives ultrasonic signals, and uses the principle that the propagation speed of sound waves in air is affected by wind speed to accurately calculate the wind speed. Its measurement system is precisely designed and optimized, so it can capture small changes in wind speed even under low wind or light wind conditions and provide accurate data support.

[0003] In meteorological monitoring, accurate wind speed data is crucial for understanding wind field characteristics and improving the accuracy of forecasts and decisions. The high-precision measurement capability of the three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometer enables researchers and analysts to study the variation of wind fields more deeply, providing a more reliable data basis for weather forecasting. At the same time, in the field of wind energy assessment, accurate wind speed measurement is crucial for optimizing the layout and operation strategy of wind turbines, helping to improve the efficiency of wind energy utilization.

[0004] The three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer can accurately measure wind speed and wind direction (generally referred to as horizontal wind direction) due to its three-dimensional orthogonal structure, i.e. the three wind measurement paths are perpendicular to each other, and is widely used in various wind speed measurement fields.

[0005] However, during the measurement process, all measurement results inevitably have a certain degree of uncertainty. Uncertainty is an important parameter that characterizes the dispersion of measurement results and is closely related to the measurement results. In order to obtain more accurate and reliable measurement data, it is particularly important to evaluate the uncertainty of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer. Through uncertainty evaluation, the possible error sources in the measurement process can be identified, and appropriate measures can be taken to reduce these errors and improve the accuracy of the measurement.

[0006] Currently, research on the evaluation of measurement uncertainty for ultrasonic wind speed sensors mainly focuses on two-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed sensors. However, for three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometers, there is still a significant gap in this field. Therefore, it is urgent to propose a method for evaluating the uncertainty of a three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer. SUMMARY

[0007] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a method and device for evaluating the uncertainty of a three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer, which aims to evaluate the uncertainty of a three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer.

[0008] The application discloses a three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer uncertainty evaluation method.

[0009] Theoretical measurement models of a wind speed indication error and a wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer are respectively obtained;

[0010] A three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system is established by a wind tunnel device, a standard wind speed device, a standard wind direction device and the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer to be evaluated;

[0011] The influence of wind tunnel performance instability of the wind tunnel device in the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system and the influence of the standard wind speed device structure are obtained, so as to establish an actual measurement model of the wind speed indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer according to the theoretical measurement model of the wind speed indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer;

[0012] The influence of wind tunnel performance instability of the wind tunnel device in the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system is obtained, so as to establish an actual measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer according to the theoretical measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer;

[0013] The uncertainty evaluation results of the wind speed measurement and the wind direction measurement of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer are obtained by using a preset uncertainty evaluation algorithm according to the actual measurement model of the wind speed indication error and the actual measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer respectively.

[0014] Further, the uncertainty evaluation method of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer, wherein the influence of wind tunnel performance instability of the wind tunnel device includes the influence of airflow fluctuation, airflow deflection angle and turbulence degree in the wind tunnel;

[0015] The influence of the standard wind speed device structure includes the influence of airflow blockage in the wind tunnel caused by the standard wind speed device structure and the influence caused by installation of the standard wind speed device structure;

[0016] The expression of the actual measurement model of the wind speed indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer is:

[0017] ;

[0018] Wherein, v is a measured wind speed of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer, is a standard wind speed measured by the standard wind speed device, is a wind tunnel fluctuation coefficient, is a wind tunnel airflow deflection angle coefficient, is a wind tunnel airflow turbulence degree coefficient, The coefficient of blockage error of the standard wind speed device, The coefficient of installation error of the standard wind speed device.

[0019] Further, the uncertainty evaluation method of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer, wherein the expression of the measured wind speed of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer is:

[0020] ;

[0021] The three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer comprises ultrasonic sensors a , ultrasonic sensors b , ultrasonic sensors c , ultrasonic sensors d , ultrasonic sensors e and ultrasonic sensors f , wherein the ultrasonic sensors a , ultrasonic sensors b are a group for measuring the wind speed in the x axis direction, the ultrasonic sensors c , ultrasonic sensors d are a group for measuring the wind speed in the y axis direction, and the ultrasonic sensors e and ultrasonic sensors f are a group for measuring the wind speed in the z axis direction, wherein the x axis and the y axis together constitute a horizontal plane, the x axis is east-west oriented, and the y axis is north-south oriented.

[0022] L ab is the distance between the ultrasonic sensor a and the ultrasonic sensor b , t ab is the time experienced by the ultrasonic signal sent from the ultrasonic sensor a to be received by the ultrasonic sensor b , t ba is the time experienced by the ultrasonic signal sent from the ultrasonic sensor b to be received by the ultrasonic sensor a , L cd is the distance between the ultrasonic sensor c and the ultrasonic sensor d , t cd is the time experienced by the ultrasonic signal sent from the ultrasonic sensorc transmitting an ultrasonic signal, ultrasonic sensor d the time taken to receive the ultrasonic signal, t dc for an ultrasonic sensor d transmitting an ultrasonic signal, ultrasonic sensor c the time taken to receive the ultrasonic signal, L ef for an ultrasonic sensor e and an ultrasonic sensor f the distance between, t ef for an ultrasonic sensor e transmitting an ultrasonic signal, ultrasonic sensor f the time taken to receive the ultrasonic signal, t fe for an ultrasonic sensor f transmitting an ultrasonic signal, ultrasonic sensor e the time taken to receive the ultrasonic signal.

[0023] Further, the uncertainty evaluation method of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer, wherein the influence of the instability of the wind tunnel device includes the influence of the fluctuation of the airflow in the wind tunnel, the influence of the airflow deflection angle and the turbulence degree;

[0024] The expression of the actual measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer is:

[0025] ;

[0026] wherein, D is the wind direction indication of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer, is the standard wind direction measured by the standard wind direction device, is the fluctuation coefficient of the wind tunnel, is the airflow deflection angle coefficient of the wind tunnel, is the turbulence degree coefficient of the airflow of the wind tunnel.

[0027] Further, the uncertainty evaluation method of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer, wherein the expression of the wind direction indication of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer is:

[0028] ;

[0029] wherein, L ab is the distance between an ultrasonic sensor a and an ultrasonic sensor b , t ab is the distance between an ultrasonic sensora transmitting an ultrasonic signal, ultrasonic sensor b the time taken to receive the ultrasonic signal, t ba for an ultrasonic sensor b transmitting an ultrasonic signal, ultrasonic sensor a the time taken to receive the ultrasonic signal, L cd for an ultrasonic sensor c and an ultrasonic sensor d the distance between, t cd for an ultrasonic sensor c transmitting an ultrasonic signal, ultrasonic sensor d the time taken to receive the ultrasonic signal, t dc for an ultrasonic sensor d transmitting an ultrasonic signal, ultrasonic sensor c the time taken to receive the ultrasonic signal.

[0030] Further, the uncertainty evaluation method of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer, wherein the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system further comprises:

[0031] The host computer comprises a wind speed control module and a frequency converter.

[0032] The host computer controls the frequency converter through the wind speed control module to make the wind tunnel device produce stable airflow.

[0033] After the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer contacts the stable airflow, the host computer reads the wind speed measurement value and the wind direction measurement value of the measured three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer.

[0034] Further, the uncertainty evaluation method of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer, wherein the step of obtaining the uncertainty evaluation result of the wind speed measurement and the wind direction measurement of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer according to the actual measurement model of the wind speed indication error and the actual measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer using the preset uncertainty evaluation algorithm comprises:

[0035] Obtain the model input quantity of the actual measurement model and the corresponding probability distribution function of the model input quantity;

[0036] Randomly extract the sample value generated by the probability distribution function of the model input quantity to extract the test sample quantity of each model input quantity;

[0037] According to the actual measurement model, calculate the test sample quantity to obtain the discrete value of the corresponding output quantity;

[0038] The discrete values of the output quantity are non-decreasingly sorted to obtain a distribution function of the sorted output quantity, so as to determine the evaluation result of the measurement uncertainty of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer according to the discrete representation of the distribution function of the output quantity.

[0039] Another object of the present application is to provide an uncertainty evaluation device of a three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer, which comprises:

[0040] The obtaining module is configured to obtain a theoretical measurement model of the indication error of wind speed and the indication error of wind direction of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer respectively.

[0041] The constructing module is configured to construct a three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system composed of a wind tunnel device, a standard wind speed device, a standard wind direction device and the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer to be evaluated.

[0042] The first establishing module is configured to obtain the influence of the instability of the wind tunnel performance of the wind tunnel device in the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system and the influence of the structure of the standard wind speed device, so as to establish an actual measurement model of the indication error of wind speed of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer according to the theoretical measurement model of the indication error of wind speed of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer.

[0043] The second establishing module is configured to obtain the influence of the instability of the wind tunnel performance of the wind tunnel device in the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system, so as to establish an actual measurement model of the indication error of wind direction of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer according to the theoretical measurement model of the indication error of wind direction of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer.

[0044] The evaluation module is configured to obtain the uncertainty evaluation results of the wind speed measurement and the wind direction measurement of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer by using a preset uncertainty evaluation algorithm according to the actual measurement model of the indication error of wind speed and the actual measurement model of the indication error of wind direction of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer respectively.

[0045] Another object of the present application is to provide a readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the above method.

[0046] Another object of the present application is to provide an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the above method when executing the program.

[0047] The present application obtains the theoretical measurement model of the wind speed indication error and the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer respectively, establishes a three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system composed of a wind tunnel device, a standard wind speed device, a standard wind direction device and the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer to be evaluated, obtains the influence of the unstable wind tunnel performance of the wind tunnel device in the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system and the influence of the structure of the standard wind speed device, and establishes the actual measurement model of the wind speed indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer according to the theoretical measurement model of the wind speed indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer; obtains the influence of the unstable wind tunnel performance of the wind tunnel device in the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system, and establishes the actual measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer according to the theoretical measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer; and obtains the uncertainty evaluation result of the wind speed measurement and the wind direction measurement of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer by using a preset uncertainty evaluation algorithm according to the actual measurement model of the wind speed indication error and the actual measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer respectively. The core structural features and working mechanism of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer are deeply mined, the key factors that may affect the measurement accuracy are systematically analyzed and identified, a more complete and fine wind speed and wind direction measurement model is constructed, the uncertainty of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer is evaluated, and the accuracy and reliability of the uncertainty evaluation are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 The flowchart of the uncertainty evaluation method of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system in the uncertainty evaluation method of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 3 The structural schematic diagram of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer in the uncertainty evaluation method of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 4 The principle schematic diagram of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer in the uncertainty evaluation method of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 5 The structural block diagram of the uncertainty evaluation device of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer in the third embodiment of the present application.

[0053] The following specific embodiments will further illustrate the present application in combination with the above drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

[0055] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0056] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0057] Example 1

[0058] Please see Figure 1 The figure shows the uncertainty evaluation method of the three-dimensional positive definite ultrasonic anemometer in the first embodiment of the present invention, the method including steps S10 to S14.

[0059] Step S10: Obtain the theoretical measurement models for the wind speed indication error and wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive definite ultrasonic anemometer.

[0060] Based on the theory of wind speed and wind direction indication errors, theoretical measurement models for the wind speed indication errors and wind direction indication errors of a three-dimensional positive definite ultrasonic anemometer are established. Specifically, the theoretical measurement model for the wind speed indication error is as follows:

[0061] ;

[0062] Among them, △ v This represents the wind speed reading error of the anemometer, expressed in m / s. v The measured wind speed is given by the anemometer, in m / s. v s Standard wind speed, in m / s.

[0063] The theoretical measurement model for wind direction indication error is as follows:

[0064] ;

[0065] wherein, is the wind direction indication error value of the anemometer, D is the measured wind direction value of the anemometer, D s is the standard wind direction value.

[0066] Step S11, a three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system is established, which is composed of a wind tunnel device, a standard wind speed measuring device, a standard wind direction measuring device, and a three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer to be evaluated.

[0067] wherein, as shown in Figure 2 , the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system includes a wind tunnel device, a three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer placed on a placement table built in the wind tunnel device, and a standard wind speed device (standard wind speed measuring device) and an angle encoder (standard wind direction measuring device). In order to test the wind speed and wind direction of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer, first of all, a wind tunnel device capable of providing a stable airflow environment needs to be selected. Before testing, the anemometer, the standard wind speed device (standard wind speed measuring device), and the angle encoder (standard wind direction measuring device) are placed in a stable wind speed environment (wind speed test section of the wind tunnel device) at the same time. And align the wind direction of the anemometer with the orientation of the angle encoder. When working, the host computer controls the frequency converter through the wind speed control module to make the wind tunnel device produce stable airflow. After the anemometer contacts the stable airflow, the host computer reads the wind speed and wind direction values of the measured anemometer through the measured wind speed and wind direction module. Then compare the wind speed value of the measured anemometer with the wind speed value of the standard wind speed device (standard wind speed value) to calculate the deviation of the wind speed value of the anemometer from the standard wind speed value (i.e. wind speed indication error); At the same time, the wind direction value of the measured anemometer and the wind direction value of the standard wind direction device (the value measured by the angle encoder) are compared to calculate the deviation of the wind direction value of the anemometer from the standard wind direction device (i.e. wind direction indication error).

[0068] Step S12, the influence of the unstable wind performance of the wind tunnel device in the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system and the influence of the structure of the standard wind speed device are obtained, so as to establish an actual measurement model of the wind speed indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer according to a theoretical measurement model of the wind speed indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer.

[0069] wherein, after establishing the theoretical model, the standard wind speed in the theoretical model needs to be obtained. Specifically, after establishing the corresponding three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system, considering the influence of unstable wind performance and the structure of the standard wind speed device on the standard wind speed. The standard wind speed can be represented as:

[0070] ;

[0071] wherein, is the actual measured value of the standard wind speed device, with the unit of m / s;△ M is the influence of the instability of the wind tunnel performance, with the unit of m / s;△ N is the influence of the structure of the standard wind speed device, with the unit of m / s.

[0072] Due to the influence of the instability of the wind tunnel performance on the standard value of the wind speed, the main sources are the fluctuation of the airflow in the wind tunnel and the influence of the airflow deflection angle and the turbulence degree, therefore△ M can be expressed as:

[0073] ;

[0074] wherein, is the fluctuation coefficient of the wind tunnel, is the airflow deflection angle coefficient of the wind tunnel, is the airflow turbulence degree coefficient of the wind tunnel.

[0075] Due to the influence of the structure of the standard wind speed device on the standard value of the wind speed, the main sources are the airflow blockage caused by the structure of the standard wind speed device itself in the wind tunnel, and the influence of the structure of the standard wind speed device, therefore△ N can be expressed as:

[0076] ;

[0077] wherein, is the blockage error coefficient of the standard wind speed device, is the installation error coefficient of the standard wind speed device.

[0078] Finally, the actual measurement model of the indication error of the wind speed of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer is obtained:

[0079] ;

[0080] wherein, v is the actual measured wind speed of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer, is the standard wind speed measured by the standard wind speed device, is the fluctuation coefficient of the wind tunnel, is the airflow deflection angle coefficient of the wind tunnel, is the airflow turbulence degree coefficient of the wind tunnel, is the blockage error coefficient of the standard wind speed device, is the installation error coefficient of the standard wind speed device.

[0081] In addition, since the application is to evaluate the uncertainty of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer, unlike the two-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed sensor, the core structural features and working mechanism of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer are deeply excavated in the embodiment of the application, so that the measured wind speed of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer is systematically analyzed and obtained.

[0082] Specifically, as shown in Figures 3-4 , the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer is composed of three groups of ultrasonic sensors which are spatially intersected with each other, each group of ultrasonic sensors has two corresponding ultrasonic sensors, the ultrasonic sensor a and the ultrasonic sensor b are a group, which are used to measure the wind speed in the x axis direction v x , similarly, the ultrasonic sensor c and the ultrasonic sensor d are used to measure the wind speed in the y axis direction v y , the ultrasonic sensor e and f are used to measure the wind speed in the z axis direction v z , wherein x the axis, y the axis and z the axis are perpendicular to each other, and form a complete three-dimensional coordinate in space, wherein, x the axis and y the axis constitute a horizontal plane, x the axis is generally east-west, y the axis is south-north.

[0083] The wind speed v measurement model is established by synthesizing the wind speed in three different directions:

[0084] ;

[0085] The ultrasonic sensor a sends an ultrasonic signal, and the time experienced by the ultrasonic signal received by the ultrasonic sensor b is t ab :

[0086] ;

[0087] wherein, L ab represents the distance between the ultrasonic sensor a and the ultrasonic sensor b ; c is the sound propagation speed;v x is the wind speed v In x the wind speed vector value of the axis is

[0088] Similarly, from the ultrasonic sensor b transmits an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic sensor a experiences a time of t ba :

[0089] ;

[0090] the corresponding wind speed v In x the wind speed vector of the axis is v x :

[0091] ;

[0092] Similarly, the distance between the ultrasonic sensor c and the ultrasonic sensor d , the ultrasonic sensor e and the ultrasonic sensor f is respectively L cd and L ef , the corresponding wind speed v In y the wind speed vector of the axis is v y , the wind speed vector of the axis is z v z

[0093] ;

[0094] ;

[0095] the final wind speed v :

[0096] ;

[0097] wherein, L ab is the distance between the ultrasonic sensor a and the ultrasonic sensor b , t ab is the time from the ultrasonic sensor a transmits an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic sensor b ​the time taken to receive the ultrasonic signal, t ba for an ultrasonic sensor b to transmit an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic sensor a the time taken to receive the ultrasonic signal, L cd for an ultrasonic sensor c and the ultrasonic sensor d the distance between, t cd for an ultrasonic sensor c to transmit an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic sensor d the time taken to receive the ultrasonic signal, t dc for an ultrasonic sensor d to transmit an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic sensor c the time taken to receive the ultrasonic signal, L ef for an ultrasonic sensor e and the ultrasonic sensor f the distance between, t ef for an ultrasonic sensor e to transmit an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic sensor f the time taken to receive the ultrasonic signal, t fe for an ultrasonic sensor f to transmit an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic sensor e the time taken to receive the ultrasonic signal.

[0098] Step S13, the influence of the wind tunnel device in the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system is obtained, and the actual measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer is established according to the theoretical measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer.

[0099] Wherein, the actual measurement model of the wind direction indication error is established, considering the influence of the unstable wind tunnel performance, the standard wind direction value D s Usually affected by the fluctuation of airflow and the influence of airflow deflection angle and turbulence degree, so D s Can be expressed as:

[0100] D s ;

[0101] ;

[0102] wherein, D is the wind direction indication of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer, is the standard wind direction measured by the standard wind direction device, is the wind tunnel fluctuation coefficient, is the wind tunnel flow angle coefficient, is the wind tunnel flow turbulence coefficient.

[0103] wherein, the wind direction in each direction can be obtained by calculating the speed difference of the anemometer in each direction, and then obtaining the wind speed component in three directions, in the implementation of the present application, the horizontal wind direction is targeted, assuming that the angle between the environmental wind and the horizontal north direction is D , then the wind direction value is:

[0104] ;

[0105] wherein v x , v y respectively represent x axis and y axis, i.e. the wind speed vector of east-west direction and north-south direction.

[0106] the wind direction indication of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer is obtained as:

[0107] ;

[0108] the actual measurement model of the final wind direction indication error is obtained as:

[0109] ;

[0110] wherein, is the standard wind direction measured by the standard wind direction device, is the wind tunnel fluctuation coefficient, is the wind tunnel flow angle coefficient, is the wind tunnel flow turbulence coefficient.

[0111] Step S14, according to the actual measurement model of the wind speed indication error and the actual measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer, the uncertainty evaluation algorithm is used to obtain the uncertainty evaluation result of the wind speed measurement and the wind direction measurement of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer.

[0112] Specifically, the actual measurement model of the wind speed indication error and the actual measurement model of the wind direction indication error apply a preset uncertainty evaluation algorithm, for example, the Guide to the Expression Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) or the Monte Carlo method (MCM) can be used to evaluate the uncertainty.

[0113] In summary, the uncertainty evaluation method of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer in the above embodiments of the present application, by respectively obtaining the theoretical measurement model of the wind speed indication error and the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer; a three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system is established by the wind tunnel device, the standard wind speed device, the standard wind direction device and the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer to be evaluated; the influence of the instability of the wind tunnel performance of the wind tunnel device in the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system, the influence of the structure of the standard wind speed device, so as to establish the actual measurement model of the wind speed indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer according to the theoretical measurement model of the wind speed indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer; the influence of the instability of the wind tunnel performance of the wind tunnel device in the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system, so as to establish the actual measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer according to the theoretical measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer; the uncertainty evaluation results of the wind speed measurement and the wind direction measurement of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer are obtained by using the preset uncertainty evaluation algorithm according to the actual measurement model of the wind speed indication error and the actual measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer. The core structure characteristics and working mechanism of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer are deeply excavated, and the key factors that may affect the measurement accuracy are systematically analyzed and identified, a more complete and fine wind speed and wind direction measurement model is constructed, the uncertainty evaluation of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer is realized, and the accuracy and reliability of the uncertainty evaluation are improved.

[0114] Embodiment two

[0115] The uncertainty evaluation method of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer in this embodiment is different from the uncertainty evaluation method of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer in embodiment one in that:

[0116] The step of obtaining the uncertainty evaluation results of the wind speed measurement and the wind direction measurement of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer according to the actual measurement model of the wind speed indication error and the actual measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer by using the preset uncertainty evaluation algorithm includes:

[0117] obtaining model input quantities of the actual measurement model and a probability distribution function corresponding to the model input quantities;

[0118] randomly sampling sample values generated by the probability distribution function of the model input quantities to extract a test sample quantity of each of the model input quantities;

[0119] calculating the test sample quantity according to the actual measurement model to obtain discrete values of corresponding output quantities;

[0120] non-decreasingly sorting the discrete values of the output quantities to obtain a sorted distribution function of the output quantities, so as to determine the evaluation result of the measurement uncertainty of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer according to a discrete representation of the distribution function of the output quantities.

[0121] The input quantities of the actual measurement model are processed and calculated to finally obtain the evaluation result of the measurement uncertainty. Specifically, first, the model input quantities involved in the wind speed indication error actual measurement model and the wind direction indication error actual measurement model are obtained, and the probability distribution functions corresponding to each of the input quantities are determined. These input quantities are key factors affecting the measurement result, and their probability distribution functions can reflect their value law. Then, random sampling is performed based on the probability distribution functions of the input quantities to extract a test sample quantity of each input quantity. These sample quantities are the basis for subsequent calculation and can simulate the possible value of the input quantity in actual measurement.

[0122] Then, the extracted test sample quantity is substituted into the corresponding actual measurement model (the actual measurement model of wind speed is used to calculate the wind speed related output quantity, and the actual measurement model of wind direction is used to calculate the wind direction related output quantity) for calculation, so as to obtain the discrete values of the output quantities. These discrete values reflect the possible measurement results under different input sample combinations.

[0123] After that, the obtained output quantity discrete values are sorted in a non-decreasing order, so as to obtain the sorted output quantity distribution function. The discrete representation of the distribution function can reflect the overall distribution characteristics of the output quantity. Finally, according to the discrete representation of the output quantity distribution function, the evaluation result of the measurement uncertainty of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer in wind speed measurement and wind direction measurement can be determined, so as to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of the measurement result.

[0124] In summary, the uncertainty evaluation method of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer in the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application, by respectively acquiring the theoretical measurement model of the wind speed indication error and the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer; establishing a three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system constructed by a wind tunnel device, a standard wind speed device, a standard wind direction device and the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer to be evaluated; acquiring the influence of the instability of the wind tunnel performance of the wind tunnel device in the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system, the influence of the structure of the standard wind speed device, to establish the actual measurement model of the wind speed indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer according to the theoretical measurement model of the wind speed indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer; acquiring the influence of the instability of the wind tunnel performance of the wind tunnel device in the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system, to establish the actual measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer according to the theoretical measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer; respectively according to the actual measurement model of the wind speed indication error and the actual measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer, the uncertainty evaluation result of the wind speed measurement and the wind direction measurement of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer is obtained by using the preset uncertainty evaluation algorithm. The core structure characteristics and working mechanism of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer are deeply mined, and each key factor that may affect the measurement accuracy is systematically analyzed and identified, a more complete and fine wind speed and wind direction measurement model is constructed, the uncertainty of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer is evaluated, and the accuracy and reliability of the uncertainty evaluation are improved.

[0125] Embodiment three

[0126] Please refer to Figure 5 , which is the uncertainty evaluation device of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer proposed in the third embodiment of the present application, the device comprises:

[0127] The acquisition module 100 is used for acquiring the theoretical measurement model of the wind speed indication error and the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer respectively;

[0128] The construction module 200 is used for establishing a three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system constructed by a wind tunnel device, a standard wind speed device, a standard wind direction device and the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer to be evaluated;

[0129] The first establishment module 300 is used for acquiring the influence of the instability of the wind tunnel performance of the wind tunnel device in the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system, the influence of the structure of the standard wind speed device, to establish the actual measurement model of the wind speed indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer according to the theoretical measurement model of the wind speed indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer;

[0130] The second establishing module 400 is used for obtaining the influence of unstable wind tunnel performance of the wind tunnel device in the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system, and establishing an actual measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer according to a theoretical measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer.

[0131] The evaluation module 500 is used for obtaining the uncertainty evaluation results of the wind speed measurement and the wind direction measurement of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer by using a preset uncertainty evaluation algorithm according to the actual measurement model of the wind speed indication error and the actual measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer respectively.

[0132] The functions or operation steps realized when the above modules are executed are basically the same as those of the above method embodiments, and will not be described here again.

[0133] Embodiment Four

[0134] Another aspect of the present application further provides a readable storage medium, which has a computer program stored thereon, and the program realizes the steps of the method in any one of the above Embodiment One to Embodiment Two when executed by a processor.

[0135] Embodiment Five

[0136] Another aspect of the present application further provides an electronic device, which comprises a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, and the processor realizes the steps of the method in any one of the above Embodiment One to Embodiment Two when executing the program.

[0137] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any manner, and for the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described, however, as long as the combinations of the technical features do not exist contradictions, they should be considered as the scope of the present application.

[0138] Those skilled in the art can understand that the logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a list of executable instructions for realizing the logic function, and can be specifically embodied in any computer readable storage medium for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus. For the present specification, the "computer readable storage medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transport programs for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in conjunction with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatus.

[0139] More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable storage medium include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires (electrical, optical, and the like) a portable computer diskette (magnetic, or optical, e.g., Blu-ray® disk, etc.) a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer readable storage medium can even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, for instance via an optical scanner, then compiled, interpreted, or otherwise processed, using an appropriate medium, into a computer program in a suitable language.

[0140] It should be understood that aspects of the application can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware or combinations thereof. In the embodiments described above, various steps or methods can be implemented, for example, by software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, and in another embodiment, any of the following techniques, which are well known in the art, can be used to implement the application: a hybrid of the techniques mentioned above; a combination of one or more of the techniques mentioned above; or one or more other techniques suitable for use in the computer-based systems described above.

[0141] In the description of the specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In the specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0142] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation manners of the application, which are described in a more specific and detailed manner, but cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the application, which are all within the protection scope of the application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the uncertainty of a three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer, characterized by, The method comprises: Respectively acquire the theoretical measurement model of the wind speed indication error and the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer; Establish a three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system composed of a wind tunnel device, a standard wind speed device, a standard wind direction device and the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer to be evaluated; Acquire the influence of the unstable wind tunnel performance of the wind tunnel device in the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system, the influence of the structure of the standard wind speed device, and establish the actual measurement model of the wind speed indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer according to the theoretical measurement model of the wind speed indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer; Acquire the influence of the unstable wind tunnel performance of the wind tunnel device in the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system, and establish the actual measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer according to the theoretical measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer; Respectively according to the actual measurement model of the wind speed indication error and the actual measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer, utilize the preset uncertainty evaluation algorithm to obtain the uncertainty evaluation result of the wind speed measurement and the wind direction measurement of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer; The influence of the unstable wind tunnel performance of the wind tunnel device includes the fluctuation of airflow in the wind tunnel, and the influence of airflow deflection angle and turbulence degree; The influence of the structure of the standard wind speed device includes the airflow obstruction caused by the structure of the standard wind speed device, and the influence caused by the installation of the standard wind speed device structure; The expression of the actual measurement model of the wind speed indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer is: ； wherein, v is the measured wind speed of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer, is the standard wind speed measured by the standard wind speed device, is the wind tunnel fluctuation coefficient, is the wind tunnel flow angle coefficient, is the wind tunnel flow turbulence coefficient, is the blocking error coefficient of the standard wind speed device, is the installation error coefficient of the standard wind speed device; The step of respectively according to the actual measurement model of the wind speed indication error and the actual measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer, utilizing the preset uncertainty evaluation algorithm to obtain the uncertainty evaluation result of the wind speed measurement and the wind direction measurement of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer comprises: Acquire the model input quantity of the actual measurement model and the corresponding probability distribution function of the model input quantity; Randomly extract the sample value of the probability distribution function of the model input quantity to extract the test sample quantity of each model input quantity; According to the actual measurement model, calculate the discrete value of the corresponding output quantity of the test sample quantity; Non-decreasingly sort the discrete value of the output quantity to obtain the distribution function of the sorted output quantity, and determine the evaluation result of the measurement uncertainty of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer according to the discrete representation of the distribution function of the output quantity.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The expression of the actual measurement wind speed of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer is: ； The three-dimensional positive ultrasonic wind meter comprises ultrasonic sensors arranged in a distribution ultrasonic sensors ultrasonic sensors ultrasonic sensors ultrasonic sensors ultrasonic sensors ultrasonic sensors ultrasonic sensors are a group for measuring the wind speed in the x axis direction, the ultrasonic sensors ultrasonic sensors are a group for measuring the wind speed in the y axis direction, the ultrasonic sensors ultrasonic sensors are a group for measuring the wind speed in the z axis direction, wherein x the axis and the y axis jointly constitute a horizontal plane, x the axis is east-west oriented, y the axis is south-north oriented; is an ultrasonic sensor and the ultrasonic sensor between the ultrasonic sensor, is an ultrasonic sensor sending an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic sensor b experienced by the ultrasonic signal, is an ultrasonic sensor b sending an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic sensor experienced by the ultrasonic signal, L cd is an ultrasonic sensor c and the ultrasonic sensor d between the ultrasonic sensor, t cd is an ultrasonic sensor c sending an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic sensor d experienced by the ultrasonic signal, t dc is an ultrasonic sensor d sending an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic sensor c experienced by the ultrasonic signal, L ef is an ultrasonic sensor e and the ultrasonic sensor f between the ultrasonic sensor, t ef is an ultrasonic sensor e sending an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic sensor f experienced by the ultrasonic signal, t fe is an ultrasonic sensor f sending an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic sensor e experienced by the ultrasonic signal.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The influence of the unstable wind tunnel performance of the wind tunnel device includes the fluctuation of airflow in the wind tunnel, and the influence of airflow deflection angle and turbulence degree; The expression of the actual measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer is: ； wherein, D is the wind direction indication of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer, is the standard wind direction measured by the standard wind direction device, is the wind tunnel fluctuation coefficient, is the wind tunnel flow angle coefficient, is the wind tunnel flow turbulence coefficient.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The expression of the wind direction indication of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer is: ； wherein is the distance between the ultrasonic sensor and the ultrasonic sensor b , is the time elapsed since the ultrasonic sensor has sent an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic sensor b has received the ultrasonic signal, b is the time elapsed since the ultrasonic sensor has sent an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic sensor L has received the ultrasonic signal, cd is the distance between the ultrasonic sensor c and the ultrasonic sensor d , t cd is the time elapsed since the ultrasonic sensor c has sent an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic sensor d has received the ultrasonic signal, t dc is the time elapsed since the ultrasonic sensor d has sent an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic sensor c has received the ultrasonic signal.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system further comprises: A host computer comprising a wind speed control module and a frequency converter; The host computer controls the frequency converter through the wind speed control module to make the wind tunnel device generate stable airflow; After the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer contacts with stable airflow, the host computer reads the wind speed measurement value and the wind direction measurement value of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer.

6. An uncertainty evaluation device for a three-dimensional positive definite ultrasonic anemometer, characterized by The uncertainty evaluation method for realizing the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer in any one of claims 1 to 5, the device comprises: An acquisition module is configured to acquire a theoretical measurement model of a wind speed indication error and a wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer respectively. A construction module is configured to construct a three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system constructed by a wind tunnel device, a standard wind speed device, a standard wind direction device, and the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer to be evaluated. A first establishment module is configured to acquire an influence of instability of wind tunnel performance of the wind tunnel device in the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system and an influence of structure of the standard wind speed device, so as to establish an actual measurement model of the wind speed indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer according to the theoretical measurement model of the wind speed indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer. A second establishment module is configured to acquire an influence of instability of wind tunnel performance of the wind tunnel device in the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer test system, so as to establish an actual measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer according to the theoretical measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer. An evaluation module is configured to obtain an uncertainty evaluation result of wind speed measurement and wind direction measurement of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer by using a preset uncertainty evaluation algorithm according to the actual measurement model of the wind speed indication error and the actual measurement model of the wind direction indication error of the three-dimensional positive ultrasonic anemometer respectively.

7. A readable storage medium, having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that, The program is executed by the processor to realize the steps of the method in any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. An electronic device, comprising: The computer program is stored in the memory and run on the processor, and the processor realizes the steps of the method in any one of claims 1 to 5 when executing the program. The computer program is stored in the memory and run on the processor, and the processor realizes the steps of the method in any one of claims 1 to 5 when executing the program.

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