An immersed cooling battery energy storage system and immersed cooling method

Abstract

The application discloses an immersed cooling battery energy storage system and an immersed cooling method, and relates to the technical field of energy storage batteries. The technical scheme points of the application are as follows: a battery cabin cabinet body comprises a sealed cavity, a liquid inlet is arranged at the top of the battery cabin cabinet body, a liquid pool is arranged at the bottom of the battery cabin cabinet body, and the liquid pool is connected with a liquid return port; a plurality of battery packs are installed in the sealed cavity in a stacked mode, the battery pack comprises a cover-free box body and a battery module accommodated in the cover-free box body, an immersion liquid outlet is arranged at the lower part of the side wall of the cover-free box body, an overflow port is arranged at the upper part of the side wall, an overflow liquid outlet is arranged at the outer bottom, the immersion liquid outlet is in communication with the inside of the cover-free box body, and the overflow port and the overflow liquid outlet are in communication through an overflow flow channel to form an overflow flow path. The application can effectively improve the overall energy density and temperature uniformity of the battery energy storage system, and can effectively reduce the risk of cooling liquid leakage.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage battery, more particularly, it relates to an immersed cooling battery energy storage system and an immersed cooling method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of electrochemical energy storage technology, the power and energy density of battery energy storage system are continuously improved, and the requirements for thermal management efficiency and reliability are also increasingly strict. In the prior art, the liquid cooling scheme has been widely used in the thermal management of battery energy storage system. Among them, the parallel branch pipe type liquid cooling system is more common. The battery pack is usually installed in the form of an insertion box on the bracket of the battery cabin, each battery pack is provided with an independent liquid inlet and a liquid return port, and is connected with the main pipeline through multiple branch pipes, and the connection and sealing are realized by quick connectors. The cooling liquid is pumped by the liquid cooling unit, flows through the overflow flow channel of each battery pack and returns, so as to realize the cooling of the battery module.

[0003] However, a large number of branch pipes, main pipelines and support structures need to be installed in the above system, which occupies the internal space of the battery cabin, reduces the overall energy density of the battery energy storage system, and the cooling liquid flow is not evenly distributed among the parallel branch pipes, which leads to poor temperature uniformity of the system, and a large number of quick connectors are used, which has a high risk of leakage.

[0004] In addition, there are also schemes of multi-layer immersed cooling, for example, a kind of immersed energy storage device disclosed in Chinese patent publication No. CN119864542A adopts a cooling mode from top to bottom, although part of the pipeline is saved, but the temperature of the cooling liquid contacted by the bottom battery pack has been significantly increased, and there is still the limitation of uneven heat exchange between the upper and lower battery packs.

[0005] Therefore, a new scheme needs to be proposed to solve this problem. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide an immersed cooling battery energy storage system and an immersed cooling method, which can effectively improve the overall energy density and temperature uniformity of the battery energy storage system, and can effectively reduce the risk of cooling liquid leakage.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is: an immersed cooling battery energy storage system, comprising:

[0008] a battery cabin cabinet body, which constitutes a closed cavity inside, the top of the battery cabin cabinet body is provided with a liquid inlet, and the bottom is provided with a liquid pool, the liquid pool is connected with a liquid return port;

[0009] A plurality of battery packs are stacked and installed in the sealed cavity, the battery pack comprises a coverless box and a battery module accommodated in the coverless box, the lower part of the side wall of the coverless box is provided with an immersion liquid outlet, the upper part of the side wall is provided with an overflow port, the outer bottom is provided with an overflow liquid outlet, the immersion liquid outlet and the overflow port are located on the different side walls of the coverless box, the immersion liquid outlet is in communication with the inside of the coverless box, and the overflow port and the overflow liquid outlet are in communication through an overflow flow channel to form an overflow flow path.

[0010] Wherein, the cooling liquid is introduced through the liquid inlet and immersed in the battery module of the uppermost battery pack, the heat-exchanged cooling liquid flows into the liquid pool through the immersion liquid outlet, and the unheated cooling liquid overflows to the lower battery pack through the overflow flow path.

[0011] Preferably, the top of the battery cabin body is provided with a top operating port, the front is provided with a front operating port, and a top sealing plate for sealing the top operating port and a front sealing plate for sealing the front operating port are arranged.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of battery modules are arranged in the coverless box.

[0013] Preferably, the inside of the top sealing plate is provided with a distribution flow channel, the liquid inlet is in communication with the distribution flow channel, a plurality of distribution discharge holes are arranged on the distribution flow channel, and the distribution discharge holes and the battery module of the uppermost battery pack are arranged one by one in number and position.

[0014] Preferably, the inner bottom of the coverless box is provided with a plurality of module support bosses for supporting the battery module.

[0015] Preferably, the first flow channel is formed by the gap between the adjacent two battery modules and the gap between the battery module and the side wall of the coverless box, the second flow channel is formed by the space between the battery module and the module support boss and the inner bottom surface of the coverless box, the communication port for communicating the first flow channel and the second flow channel is arranged on the module support boss, and the immersion liquid outlet is in communication with the second flow channel.

[0016] Preferably, the side wall of the coverless box provided with the overflow port comprises an inner wall surface and an outer wall surface, the top end of the outer wall surface is higher than the top end of the inner wall surface, and the overflow port is formed between the top end of the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface.

[0017] Preferably, the overflow flow channel comprises a third flow channel surrounded by the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface, and a fourth flow channel arranged at the bottom of the coverless box, one end of the fourth flow channel is in communication with the third flow channel, and the other end is in communication with the overflow liquid outlet.

[0018] Preferably, the top of the coverless box is provided with a guide positioning pin, and the bottom is provided with a pin hole, wherein one guide positioning pin of the coverless box can be inserted into the pin hole of another coverless box.

[0019] An immersion cooling method applied to any of the immersion cooling battery energy storage systems, the immersion cooling method comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1, introducing cooling liquid into the sealed cavity of the battery cabin body through the liquid inlet, and the cooling liquid first immerses the battery modules of the uppermost battery pack;

[0021] S2, part of the cooling liquid exchanges heat with the battery modules in the uppermost battery pack, the heat-exchanged cooling liquid flows out through the immersion outlet, and directly falls to the liquid pool under the action of gravity;

[0022] S3, another part of the unheated cooling liquid exceeds the overflow port, flows out from the overflow outlet through the guide of the overflow flow channel, and sprinkles on the battery modules of the lower battery pack, immersing the lower battery modules and exchanging heat;

[0023] S4, repeating steps S1 to S3 until the heat exchange of the battery modules of the bottommost battery pack is completed, and finally all the heat-exchanged cooling liquid is collected in the liquid pool and led out for circulation through the liquid return port;

[0024] Wherein, the heat-exchanged cooling liquid is the part whose liquid level covers from the bottom of the coverless box to the top of the battery modules, and the unheated cooling liquid is the part whose liquid level rises from the top of the battery modules towards the top of the coverless box.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the immersion cooling battery energy storage system and the immersion cooling method have the following advantages: the battery cabin body is taken as a whole sealed cavity, the liquid inlet is arranged at the top, the liquid pool is arranged at the bottom, and the immersion outlet, the overflow port, the overflow outlet and the overflow flow channel are arranged on the coverless box. On the one hand, the system structure is simplified, the space utilization is improved, the overall energy density of the battery energy storage system is improved, and the risk of cooling liquid leakage is significantly reduced by abandoning the large number of branch pipes, main pipes and quick connectors used in the traditional liquid cooling method. On the other hand, the heat-exchanged cooling liquid in each battery pack is directly discharged to the bottom liquid pool through the immersion outlet, avoiding the accumulation of heat layer by layer. At the same time, the unheated low-temperature cooling liquid is overflowed to the top of the lower battery modules through the independent overflow flow channel for immersion cooling, ensuring that each battery module is in a basically consistent heat exchange environment, effectively overcoming the problem of high cooling liquid temperature and uneven heat dissipation of the lower battery pack in the traditional cooling method, and effectively improving the overall temperature uniformity of the battery energy storage system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 Structure diagram of the submerged cooling battery energy storage system of the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 2 Structure diagram of the submerged cooling battery energy storage system of the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 3 Structure diagram of the battery pack of the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 4 Structure diagram of the battery pack of the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 5 Structure diagram of the top sealing plate of the embodiment of the present application

[0032] Figure 6 Structure diagram of the coverless box of the embodiment of the present application

[0033] Figure 7 Top view of the battery pack of the embodiment of the present application

[0034] Figure 8 Cross-sectional view at E-E in Figure 7

[0035] Cross-sectional view at F-F in Figure 9 Figure 7

[0036] Names of the corresponding components represented by the numbers or letters in the drawings:

[0037] ​​1, battery cabin cabinet body; 2, liquid inlet; 3, liquid pool; 4, liquid return port; 5, waterproof gland; 6, battery pack; 61, coverless box; 611, immersion outlet; 612, overflow port; 613, overflow outlet; 614, first flow channel; 615, second flow channel; 616, inner wall surface; 617, outer wall surface; 618, third flow channel; 619, fourth flow channel; 62, battery module; 63, module support boss; 7, front sealing plate; 8, top sealing plate; 81, distribution flow channel; 82, distribution row hole; 9, guide positioning pin; 10, hook hole; 11, pin hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below through specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] Please see Figures 1 to 4 The embodiments of the present application provide an immersion cooling battery energy storage system, comprising: a battery cabin cabinet body 1, which constitutes a closed cavity inside, the top of the battery cabin cabinet body 1 is provided with a liquid inlet 2, the bottom is provided with a liquid pool 3, the liquid pool 3 is connected with a liquid return port 4, the liquid return port 4 is fixedly connected with the battery cabin cabinet body 1, and the battery cabin cabinet body 1 is further provided with a waterproof gland 5, which can be used for the wire harness of the battery energy storage system to pass out.

[0040] Further comprising a plurality of battery packs 6, which are stacked and installed in the closed cavity of the battery cabin cabinet body 1, the battery pack 6 comprises a coverless box 61 and a battery module 62 contained in the coverless box 61, the battery module 62 is specifically provided as a plurality, and gaps are ensured between every two adjacent battery modules 62 and between the two battery modules 62 on two sides and the side walls of the coverless box 61. The lower part of the side wall of the coverless box 61 is provided with an immersion outlet 611, the upper part of the side wall is provided with an overflow port 612, and the outer bottom is provided with an overflow outlet 613. The immersion outlet 611 and the overflow port 612 are located on the different side walls of the coverless box 61, specifically, the immersion outlet 611 and the overflow port 612 are both symmetrically provided as two groups, the two groups of immersion outlets 611 are respectively provided on the front side wall and the rear side wall of the coverless box 61, and the two groups of overflow ports 612 are respectively provided on the left side wall and the right side wall of the coverless box 61. The immersion outlet 611 communicates with the inside of the coverless box 61, and the overflow port 612 and the overflow outlet 613 are communicated through an overflow flow channel to form an overflow flow path.

[0041] In use, the liquid inlet 2 is connected to the output end of a cooling unit for providing a cold source through a liquid inlet pipe, and then the liquid return port 4 is connected to the input end of the cooling unit through a liquid return pipe. The cooling unit delivers cooling liquid to the liquid inlet 2. The cooling liquid is introduced through the liquid inlet 2 and immerses the battery module 62 of the uppermost battery pack 6. The cooled cooling liquid flows into the liquid pool 3 through the immersion outlet 611. The uncooled cooling liquid overflows to the lower battery pack 6 through the overflow flow path. The cooled cooling liquid is the part of the cooling liquid whose liquid level covers from the bottom of the coverless box 61 to the top of the battery module 62. The uncooled cooling liquid is the part of the cooling liquid whose liquid level rises from the top of the battery module 62 to the top of the coverless box 61. The input end of the cooling unit has a suction capacity. After the cooling is completed, the high-temperature cooling liquid in the liquid pool 3 is pumped away by the cooling unit, and then is delivered to the liquid inlet 2 after being cooled by the cooling unit, thereby forming an immersion liquid cooling circulation at the whole battery compartment level.

[0042] In the above arrangement, the battery compartment cabinet 1 is taken as a sealed cavity as a whole, the liquid inlet 2 is arranged at the top, the liquid pool 3 is arranged at the bottom, and the immersion outlet 611, the overflow port 612, the overflow outlet 613 and the overflow flow path are arranged on the coverless box 61. On the one hand, the branch pipes, the main pipes and the quick connectors used in the traditional liquid cooling mode are abandoned, thereby simplifying the system structure, improving the space utilization, being conducive to improving the overall energy density of the battery energy storage system, and significantly reducing the risk of cooling liquid leakage. On the other hand, the cooled cooling liquid in each battery pack 6 is directly discharged to the bottom liquid pool 3 through the immersion outlet 611, thereby avoiding the heat accumulation layer by layer. At the same time, the uncooled low-temperature cooling liquid overflows to the upper part of the lower battery module 62 through the independent overflow flow path for immersion cooling, thereby ensuring that each battery module 62 is in a substantially uniform heat exchange environment, effectively overcoming the problems of high cooling liquid temperature and uneven heat dissipation of the lower battery pack 6 in the traditional cooling mode, and effectively improving the overall temperature uniformity of the battery energy storage system.

[0043] The top of the battery compartment cabinet 1 is provided with a top operating port, and the front of the battery compartment cabinet 1 is provided with a front operating port, thereby facilitating the installation of the battery pack 6 and the matching wire harness and the like. The top operating port is closed by a top sealing plate 8, and the front operating port is closed by a front sealing plate 7. The front sealing plate 7 and the top sealing plate 8 are connected to the battery compartment cabinet 1 by bolts. In order to further enhance the sealing performance of the top operating port and the front operating port, sealing pads can be arranged between the front sealing plate 7 and the battery compartment cabinet 1 and between the top sealing plate 8 and the battery compartment cabinet 1. It can be understood that the use effect is not affected even if the sealing performance is not optimal, and therefore the sealing pads can not be arranged. The top corners of the coverless box 61 are provided with four guide positioning pins 9, and the bottom corners of the coverless box 61 are provided with four pin holes 11. One guide positioning pin 9 of one coverless box 61 is adapted to be inserted into the pin hole 11 of another coverless box 61. The coverless box 61 is also provided with a hook hole 10 for lifting.

[0044] The above setting provides a top-down installation channel for the battery pack 6. The battery pack 6 is hoisted into the battery compartment cabinet body 1 through the top operating port, and is precisely positioned and mechanically interconnected by aligning the pin hole 11 arranged at the bottom of the coverless box body 61 with the guide positioning pin 9 arranged at the top of the positioned coverless box body 61. The position of the coverless box body 61 can be adjusted through the front operating port during installation.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 5 The inside of the top sealing plate 8 is provided with a distribution flow channel 81. The liquid inlet 2 is in communication with the distribution flow channel 81. A plurality of distribution discharge holes 82 are arranged on the distribution flow channel 81. The distribution discharge holes 82 are one-to-one arranged in number and position with the battery modules 62 of the uppermost layer of battery pack 6. After the cooling liquid enters the distribution flow channel 81 from the liquid inlet 2, it is precisely and equally distributed to each battery module 62 that needs to be cooled through the plurality of distribution discharge holes 82 corresponding to the battery modules 62 one by one. Further, each battery module 62 includes a plurality of battery monomers, and each group of distribution discharge holes 82 includes a plurality of distribution single holes, which are one-to-one arranged in number and position with the battery monomers, so that the cooling liquid can accurately cover the exposed surface of each battery monomer. The overflow liquid outlet 613 is one-to-one arranged in number and position with the distribution single holes, so as to ensure that the unheated cooling liquid can be uniformly sprayed to the exposed surface of each battery monomer of the lower layer of battery module 62.

[0046] Please refer to Figures 6 to 9 The inner bottom of the coverless box body 61 is provided with a plurality of module support bosses 63 for supporting the battery modules 62, so that the battery modules 62 are lifted to realize the non-integer surface contact between the bottom surface of the battery modules 62 and the bottom surface of the coverless box body 61. The gap between the adjacent two battery modules 62 and the gap between the battery modules 62 and the side wall of the coverless box body 61 form a first flow channel 614 in the coverless box body 61. The space between the battery modules 62, the module support bosses 63 and the inner bottom surface of the coverless box body 61 forms a second flow channel 615 in the coverless box body 61. It can be understood that the second flow channel 615 is a plurality of second flow channels. The module support bosses 63 are provided with a communication port for communicating the first flow channel 614 and the second flow channel 615 and the plurality of second flow channels 615. The immersion liquid outlet 611 is one-to-one arranged in number and position with the second flow channels 615, and each second flow channel 615 is provided with one immersion liquid outlet 611. During operation, the cooling liquid can complete heat exchange with the battery monomers through the first flow channel 614 and the second flow channel 615, and then flow into the liquid pool 3 through the immersion liquid outlet 611.

[0047] The side wall of the coverless tank 61 provided with the overflow port 612 comprises an inner wall surface 616 and an outer wall surface 617, the top end of the outer wall surface 617 is higher than the top end of the inner wall surface 616, the overflow port 612 is formed between the top end of the inner wall surface 616 and the outer wall surface 617, and the liquid level will flow out from the overflow port 612 if the liquid level is higher than the inner wall surface 616 after the battery module 62 is immersed in the cooling liquid. The overflow flow channel comprises a third flow channel 618 surrounded by the inner wall surface 616 and the outer wall surface 617, and a fourth flow channel 619 arranged at the bottom of the coverless tank 61, one end of the fourth flow channel 619 is communicated with the third flow channel 618, and the other end is communicated with the overflow liquid outlet 613. The second flow channel 615 and the fourth flow channel 619 are arranged vertically, and form a longitudinal and transverse staggered structure at the bottom of the coverless tank 61, so that the bottom of the coverless tank 61 has strong supporting force. In this mode, the cooling liquid of the overflow part does not participate in the heat exchange of the battery module 62, the temperature of this part of the cooling liquid is obviously lower than the cooling liquid temperature of the lower battery pack 6 in the prior art, and is closer to the cooling liquid temperature of the liquid inlet 2 of the battery energy storage system, so as not to affect the immersion heat exchange effect of the next battery pack 6.

[0048] When the battery energy storage system is subjected to whole-tank immersion cooling, each battery pack 6 is in a fully immersed state, because the liquid level of the cooling liquid of each battery pack 6 relative to the immersion liquid outlet is the same, the flow rate Q of the cooling liquid flowing out of the immersion liquid outlet of each battery pack 6 is the same, and the flow rate of the whole-tank liquid inlet 2 only needs to be ≥5Q, and theoretically, the full liquid level of the battery pack 6 can be maintained, and the excess cooling liquid will eventually overflow to the liquid pool 3 through the bottommost battery pack 6. In this process, the temperature and flow rate of the cooling liquid flowing into each battery pack 6 participating in heat exchange are the same, which maximizes the heat exchange conditions of each battery pack 6, and when the heat generation of the battery module 62 changes, the cooling liquid flow rate and temperature of the liquid inlet 2 can be adjusted to quickly respond to the heat exchange demand.

[0049] The application also discloses an immersion cooling method applied to any immersion cooling battery energy storage system, and the immersion cooling method comprises the following steps:

[0050] S1, cooling liquid is introduced into the sealed cavity of the battery cabin cabinet 1 through the liquid inlet 2, and the cooling liquid first immerses the battery module 62 of the uppermost battery pack 6;

[0051] S2, part of the cooling liquid exchanges heat with the battery module 62 in the uppermost battery pack 6, the heat-exchanged cooling liquid flows out through the immersion liquid outlet 611, and directly falls to the liquid pool 3 under the action of gravity;

[0052] S3, another part of the non-heat-exchanged cooling liquid level exceeding the overflow port 612, guided by the overflow flow channel, flows out from the overflow outlet 613 and sprinkles on the battery module 62 of the lower layer of battery pack 6, immerses the lower layer of battery module 62 and performs heat exchange;

[0053] S4, repeat steps S1 to S3 until the heat exchange of the battery module 62 of the bottom layer of battery pack 6 is completed, and finally all the heat-exchanged cooling liquid is collected in the liquid pool 3 and introduced out of the cycle through the liquid return port 4;

[0054] Wherein, the heat-exchanged cooling liquid is the part of the liquid level covering from the bottom of the coverless box 61 to the top of the battery module 62, and the non-heat-exchanged cooling liquid is the part of the liquid level rising from the top of the battery module 62 to the top of the coverless box 61.

[0055] The above description of disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to carry out or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An immersion-cooled battery energy storage system, characterized by, The application relates to a battery cabin cabinet body, which internally constitutes a closed cavity, and is provided with a liquid inlet on the top and a liquid pool connected with a liquid return port on the bottom; a plurality of battery packs are stacked and installed in the closed cavity, each battery pack comprises a coverless box and a battery module accommodated in the coverless box, the lower part of the side wall of the coverless box is provided with an immersion liquid outlet, the upper part of the side wall is provided with an overflow port, the outer bottom is provided with an overflow liquid outlet, the immersion liquid outlet and the overflow port are located on different side walls of the coverless box, the immersion liquid outlet is communicated with the inside of the coverless box, and the overflow port and the overflow liquid outlet are communicated through an overflow flow channel to form an overflow flow path. The cooling liquid is introduced through the liquid inlet and immersed in the battery module of the uppermost battery pack, the heat-exchanged cooling liquid flows into the liquid pool through the immersion liquid outlet, and the non-heat-exchanged cooling liquid overflows to the lower battery pack through the overflow flow path. The top of the battery cabin cabinet body is provided with a top operating port, the front part is provided with a front operating port, and a top sealing plate for sealing the top operating port and a front sealing plate for sealing the front operating port are arranged. A plurality of battery modules are arranged in each coverless box.

2. The submerged cooling battery energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: The inside of the top sealing plate is provided with a distribution flow channel, the liquid inlet is communicated with the distribution flow channel, a plurality of distribution discharge holes are arranged on the distribution flow channel, and the distribution discharge holes and the battery module of the uppermost battery pack are arranged in one-to-one mode in quantity and position.

3. The submerged cooling battery energy storage system of claim 2, wherein: The inner bottom of the coverless box is provided with a plurality of module support bosses for supporting the battery module.

4. The submerged cooling battery energy storage system of claim 3, wherein: The first flow channel is formed by the gap between the adjacent two battery modules and the gap between the battery module and the side wall of the coverless box, the second flow channel is formed by the space between the battery module, the module support boss and the inner bottom surface of the coverless box, the module support boss is provided with a communication port for communicating the first flow channel and the second flow channel, and the immersion liquid outlet is communicated with the second flow channel.

5. The submerged cooling battery energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: The side wall of the coverless box provided with the overflow port comprises an inner wall surface and an outer wall surface, the top end of the outer wall surface is higher than that of the inner wall surface, and the overflow port is formed between the top end of the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface.

6. The submerged cooling battery energy storage system of claim 5, wherein: The overflow flow channel comprises a third flow channel surrounded by the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface and a fourth flow channel arranged at the bottom of the coverless box, one end of the fourth flow channel is communicated with the third flow channel, and the other end is communicated with the overflow liquid outlet.

7. The submerged cooling battery energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: The top of the coverless box is provided with a guide positioning pin, and the bottom is provided with a pin hole, one guide positioning pin of one coverless box is adapted to be inserted into the pin hole of another coverless box.

8. The submerged cooling battery energy storage system of claim 7, wherein: The immersion cooling method comprises the following steps:

9. The submerged cooling battery energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: S1, cooling liquid is introduced into the closed cavity of the battery cabin cabinet body through the liquid inlet, and the cooling liquid first immerses the battery module of the uppermost battery pack; 10. An immersion cooling method for use in the immersion-cooled battery energy storage system of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, ​ ​ S2, part of the cooling liquid exchanges heat with the battery modules in the uppermost battery pack, the heat-exchanged cooling liquid flows out through the immersion outlet, and directly falls to the liquid pool under the action of gravity; S3, another part of the unheated cooling liquid exceeds the overflow port, flows out from the overflow outlet through the guidance of the overflow channel, and sprays on the battery modules of the lower battery pack, immerses the lower battery pack and exchanges heat; S4, repeat steps S1 to S3 until the battery modules of the bottommost battery pack complete heat exchange, and finally all the heat-exchanged cooling liquid is collected in the liquid pool and led out through the return port for circulation; Wherein, the heat-exchanged cooling liquid is the part whose liquid level covers from the bottom of the coverless box to the top of the battery module, and the unheated cooling liquid is the part whose liquid level rises from the top of the battery module towards the top of the coverless box.

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