Cuttage method for rhus chinensis and red bran poplar

Abstract

The invention discloses a cuttage method for rhus chinensis and red bran poplar, and belongs to the technical field of forest cuttage. The invention provides a cuttage method for rhus chinensis and red bran poplar. The cuttage method comprises the steps of preparation of cuttage branches, treatment of the cuttage branches, arrangement of a seedbed, cuttage and final-period management. According to the method, annual lignified branches are selected, cutting branches are cut, the cutting branches are disinfected and soaked in a rooting promoting agent solution composed of indolebutyric acid, naphthylacetic acid and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate for rooting promoting treatment, meanwhile, the cutting time is selected to be February, and the annual lignified branches with the branch diameter being 15 + / -2 mm are selected; the cuttage method suitable for the rhus chinensis and the red bran poplar is formed by combining seedbed arrangement, cuttage and later-period management, and the cuttage rooting rate of the rhus chinensis and the red bran poplar is remarkably increased through cooperation of the steps.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of forest tree cutting, and particularly relates to a cutting method of Rhus chinensis and Rhus punjabensis. BACKGROUND

[0002] R.chinensis and R.punjabensis belong to Rhus of Anacardiaceae, and are both small deciduous trees, unisexual, and dioecious. Rhus plants have multiple values such as medicinal, honey and industrial applications, and are an important resource plant. Especially, the insect galls of R.chinensis and R.punjabensis are commonly known as “gallnuts”, which are widely used in medicine, chemical industry, mining, agriculture, food and light industry due to the rich tannic acid and gallic acid. In terms of honey, R.punjabensis blooms in May and June, and R.chinensis blooms in August and October. Because of the large amount of flowers and long honey flow period, R.chinensis and R.punjabensis are important summer and autumn honey plants in mountainous areas of Guizhou Province and even in many provinces in the southwest of China. Gallnut honey is of high quality and is an important material basis for the beekeeping industry. With the increasing application and demand of gallnut in recent years, the development of “forest-bee-medicine” compound ecological breeding mode, and the continuous expansion of artificial gallnut forest, a large number of seedlings with high gall rate, leaf wing type, long inflorescence early flowering type and long inflorescence late flowering type are in urgent need. However, the scale breeding of excellent germplasm and seedlings cannot meet the growing market demand, which has become one of the technical bottlenecks restricting the development of gallnut industry.

[0003] At present, there is little research on the scale breeding of R.punjabensis, and more research on the scale breeding of R.chinensis. The main breeding method is seed breeding. There are many seeds of R.chinensis, but the seed heterosis is high, and the seedling variation is large, which cannot maintain the characteristics of excellent strains. In vitro propagation through tissue culture is complex and requires certain equipment and facilities. The material for buried root propagation is the surface shallow horizontal root of excellent tree species, and the available root material is limited, which cannot be propagated on a large scale. Moreover, a large number of root excavation will affect the normal growth of excellent mother trees. Cutting propagation has the advantages of sufficient material, convenient material taking, fast seedling, early flowering, etc. However, the branches of Rhus plants generally contain high secondary metabolites, which can easily cause the cutting surface to brown and contaminate, making it difficult to form callus and leading to rooting difficulty. There is no report on the cutting propagation of Rhus plants, and there is no related research on the cutting propagation of R.chinensis and R.punjabensis. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out cutting propagation research on R.chinensis and R.punjabensis to meet the demand for rapid breeding of excellent strains in the gallnut industry. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the application provides a cutting method of Rhus chinensis and Paliurus rhusoides.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the application provides the following technical scheme.

[0006] The application provides a cutting method of Rhus chinensis and Paliurus rhusoides, which comprises the following steps of preparing cutting branches, treating the cutting branches, arranging a seedbed, cutting and post-management.

[0007] The process of preparing the cutting branches comprises the following steps of selecting one-year-old lignified branches of Rhus chinensis and Paliurus rhusoides and cutting the branches into cutting branches; the diameter of the one-year-old lignified branches is 15±2 mm.

[0008] The process of treating the cutting branches comprises the following steps of disinfecting and promoting rooting of the cutting branches; the rooting promoting agent solution used in the rooting promoting treatment is a mixed solution of indole butyric acid, naphthalene acetic acid and amine fresh ester.

[0009] The cutting is performed in February.

[0010] Further, the length of the cutting branches is 12-15 cm; the top end of the cutting branches is cut flat, the bottom end is cut obliquely, and no leaves are reserved on the top.

[0011] Further, the disinfection is performed by immersing in a carbendazim solution.

[0012] Further, the rooting promoting agent solution comprises indole butyric acid (IBA) 700 mg / L, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) 60 mg / L and amine fresh ester (DA-6) 20 mg / L.

[0013] Further, the rooting promoting treatment is performed by immersing in the rooting promoting agent solution for 12-24 h.

[0014] Further, the process of cutting comprises the following steps of making a hole, putting in the cutting branches, pressing, watering, then inserting an arch rod, covering a plastic film and a sunshade net.

[0015] Further, the process of arranging the seedbed comprises the following steps of deeply ploughing and finely ploughing the land after weeding, spraying wood vinegar to adjust the soil pH to 5.0-5.5 after arranging the seedbed, spraying a ferrous sulfate solution for disinfection, and pouring water thoroughly one night before cutting.

[0016] Further, the concentration of the ferrous sulfate solution is 2 wt%.

[0017] Further, the process of post-management comprises the following steps of lifting up both ends of the plastic film covering the seedbed when the internal temperature reaches 30-35 DEG C; after leaves grow, spraying dilute 2000 times sodium nitrophenolate on the leaves for two times continuously, and the interval between the two times is 15 days.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0019] The present application provides a cutting method of Rhus chinensis and Pterocarya stenoptera, comprising preparing cutting branches, treating cutting branches, arranging seedbed, cutting and post-management. The present application selects one-year-old lignified branches in February to cut cutting branches, disinfects the cutting branches, and soaks the cutting branches in a rooting agent solution composed of indole-3-butyric acid, naphthalene acetic acid and amaranth, to perform rooting treatment.

[0020] The present application further finds that, by selecting one-year-old lignified branches with a diameter of 15mm (±2mm) in February, and selecting a rooting agent solution composed of indole-3-butyric acid 700mg / L, naphthalene acetic acid 60mg / L and amaranth 20mg / L, the Rhus chinensis and Pterocarya stenoptera can achieve the best cutting rooting rate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below.

[0022] In order to make the above objectives, characteristics and advantages of the present application more apparent and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments.

[0023] The present application provides a cutting method of Rhus chinensis and Pterocarya stenoptera, comprising preparing cutting branches, treating cutting branches, arranging seedbed, cutting and post-management.

[0024] In the preferred embodiments, the process of preparing cutting branches comprises: selecting one-year-old lignified branches of Rhus chinensis and Pterocarya stenoptera, and cutting into cutting branches.

[0025] In the preferred embodiment, the diameter of the annual lignified branch is 15±2mm. The annual lignified branch with a diameter of 15±2mm is used in the present application because if the diameter of the annual lignified branch is too large, the wound of the cutting branch is too large, a large amount of secondary metabolites flows out, the cutting surface is easily browned and contaminated, it is difficult to form callus, the branch is easily rotted, and the rooting rate of Rhus chinensis and P. bungeana is reduced. If the diameter of the annual lignified branch is too small, the cutting branch has less nutrients, it is difficult to meet the nutritional needs of the branch for germination and rooting, and the rooting rate of Rhus chinensis and P. bungeana is also reduced.

[0026] In the preferred embodiment, the length of the cutting branch is 12-15cm; the top end of the cutting branch is cut flat, the bottom end is cut obliquely, and no leaves are left on the top.

[0027] In the preferred embodiment, the process of treating the cutting branch includes disinfecting and promoting rooting of the cutting branch.

[0028] In the preferred embodiment, the disinfection is soaking with a carbendazim solution; the concentration of the carbendazim solution is 0.5wt%, and the soaking time with the carbendazim solution is 10min.

[0029] In the preferred embodiment, the rooting agent solution used in the rooting promotion treatment is a mixed solution of indole-3-butyric acid, naphthalene acetic acid and amixamide; the composition of the rooting agent solution is indole-3-butyric acid 700mg / L, naphthalene acetic acid 60mg / L and amixamide 20mg / L. The rooting agent solution is prepared from indole-3-butyric acid, naphthalene acetic acid and amixamide because IBA can induce adventitious root formation by stimulating cell division and differentiation, the rooting effect of NAA is stronger than that of IBA, but high concentration of NAA can inhibit bud germination, both of them are auxins, and after compounding, the rooting spectrum can be expanded (such as IBA promoting capillary roots and NAA promoting main roots), the rooting rate and root system quality can be improved. Amixamide can alleviate oxidative stress under high concentration of auxin, reduce cell damage, prevent early spring cold, resist low temperature freezing injury, and maintain significant growth regulation under low temperature conditions. After compounding, IBA and NAA can synergistically promote root development, amixamide can provide energy and enhance stress resistance, and it is suitable for rooting and growth promotion under adverse conditions such as low temperature and drought.

[0030] In the preferred embodiment, the rooting promotion treatment is soaking with the rooting agent solution for 12-24h.

[0031] In the preferred embodiment, the cutting process includes making a hole, putting in the cutting branch, pressing, watering, then inserting an arch rod, covering plastic film and shading net.

[0032] In the preferred embodiment, the cutting is performed in February. The cutting is performed in February in the present application because the nutritional status of the cutting branch is good at this time, which helps to improve the rooting rate.

[0033] In the preferred embodiment, the process of preparing the seedbed comprises the following steps: after the land is weeded and ploughed, the land is ridged to form a seedbed, 500 times wood vinegar is sprayed to adjust the soil pH to 5.0-5.5, ferrous sulfate solution is sprayed for disinfection, and the seedbed is watered thoroughly the night before cutting.

[0034] In the preferred embodiment, the concentration of the ferrous sulfate solution is 2wt%.

[0035] In the preferred embodiment, the process of the later management comprises the following steps: when the internal temperature reaches 30-35℃, the plastic film covering the seedbed is lifted at both ends; after the cuttings grow leaves for one month, 2000 times diluted sodium nitrophenolate is sprayed on the leaves for two times with an interval of 15 days. The reason why the sodium nitrophenolate is sprayed on the leaves is that the sodium nitrophenolate can promote plant growth, improve stress resistance and enhance rooting ability. The sodium nitrophenolate can activate the biosynthesis of auxin in the plant body, regulate hormone balance, promote root primordium differentiation and cell division, thereby improving the rooting rate. The sodium nitrophenolate can also enhance the activity of enzymes such as peroxidase and ATPase, speed up energy metabolism and nutrient transportation to the roots, provide a material basis for root development, and shorten the rooting time.

[0036] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials in the embodiments of the present application are obtained by commercial channels.

[0037] Example 1 (Effect of different components and concentrations of rooting agent solutions on the rooting rate of Rhus chinensis and Populus purdomi)

[0038] (1) Prepare cuttings: In February 2024, one-year-old lignified Rhus chinensis and Populus purdomi branches were cut in Fuxing Town, Meitan County, Guizhou Province, with a diameter of 15mm (±2mm), and cut into 12-15cm cuttings. The top of the cutting was cut 2cm away from the bud point, the bud point had not yet sprouted, and there were no leaves. The bottom was beveled. 1400 cuttings of Rhus chinensis and Populus purdomi were cut respectively.

[0039] (2) Treat the cuttings: The cuttings were bundled with rubber bands at 25 per bundle to prevent the bud points from being knocked off, soaked in a 0.5wt% concentration of carbendazim solution for 10 minutes for disinfection, and then soaked in different components and concentrations of rooting agent solutions shown in Table 1 for 24 hours. Each rooting agent solution was used to treat 100 cuttings of each variety.

[0040] (3) Prepare the seedbed: After the land is weeded and ploughed, the land is ridged to form a 1-meter-wide seedbed, 500 times wood vinegar is sprayed to adjust the soil pH to 5.0-5.5, 2wt% ferrous sulfate solution is sprayed for disinfection, and the seedbed is watered thoroughly the night before cutting.

[0041] (4) Grafting: Use a wooden stick twice the diameter of the cutting to make a hole, place the cutting in the hole, press it firmly, water the base, then insert the arch rod, and cover it with plastic film and shading net.

[0042] (5) Late management: After one month of grafting, when leaves grow, spray the leaves with diluted 2000 times of sodium nitrophenolate on the first day and the 16th day (the 31st day of grafting is counted as the first day). If the soil of the seedbed is dry and cracked, water and weed under the plastic film and shading net. When the internal temperature of the plastic film reaches 30-35°C, lift the two ends of the plastic film to reduce the internal temperature and prevent seedling burn. In June 2024, the rooting rate was counted (rooting rate (%) = the number of rooted branches under this treatment / the total number of branches under this treatment x 100%). The results of the rooting rate are shown in Table 1.

[0043] Table 1 Rooting rate of saltbush and red serotina branches after treatment with different components and concentrations of rooting agent solution

[0044]

[0045] The results of Table 1 show that the rooting rate of saltbush and red serotina is highest in treatment ③, and the best rooting agent combination is IBA+NAA+DA-6. The best rooting agent combination and the best concentration are consistent. From the rooting rate after treatments ①②③④⑤, the best concentration of IBA is 700 mg / L. From the rooting rate after treatments ③⑥⑦, the best concentration of NAA is 60 mg / L. From the rooting rate after treatments ③⑧, the best concentration of DA-6 is 20 mg / L.

[0046] Example 2 (Effect of different grafting times and cutting branch diameters on the rooting rate of saltbush branches and red serotina branches)

[0047] Saltbush and red serotina grafting tests were conducted in February, May, August, and November 2024, respectively:

[0048] (1) Prepare the cutting branches: For February and May grafting, select one-year-old lignified branches and cut them into 12-15 cm cutting branches. Cut the top 2 cm of the cutting branches with no bud points, and cut the bottom at an angle. In February, all bud points were not yet sprouted, and in May, the top bud points had sprouted. Cut off the sprouted tender branches and reserve the branches with un-sprouted bud points for cutting. For August grafting, select this year's semi-lignified branches, remove the leaves, and reserve the latent buds. Cut them into 12-15 cm cutting branches. For November grafting, select this year's lignified branches, remove the remaining leaves on the branches, and reserve the latent buds. Cut them into 12-15 cm cutting branches. For each month, saltbush and red serotina were cut into 300 branches, of which 100 branches were 10 mm (±2 mm) in diameter, 100 branches were 15 mm (±2 mm) in diameter, and 100 branches were 20 mm (±2 mm) in diameter.

[0049] (2) Treat the cuttings: bundle the cuttings with 25 cuttings per bundle with rubber bands, soak in a 0.5 wt% carbendazim solution for 10 minutes for disinfection, and then soak in a rooting agent solution (IBA 700 mg / L + NAA 60 mg / L + DA-620 mg / L) for 24 hours.

[0050] (3) Prepare the seedbed: after weeding, deep plough and fine tillage the land, and arrange the ridges to form a 1-meter-wide seedbed, spray 500 times of wood vinegar to adjust the soil pH to 5.0-5.5, spray a 2 wt% ferrous sulfate solution for disinfection, and water thoroughly the night before cutting.

[0051] (4) Cutting: use a wooden stick twice the diameter of the cutting to make a hole, place the cutting, press it in, water it, then insert the arch rod, and cover it with plastic film and shading net.

[0052] (5) Post-management: after one month of cutting, when the leaves grow, spray the leaves with dilute 2000 times of sodium nitrophenolate on the 1st day and the 16th day (the 31st day of cutting is counted as the 1st day). If the soil of the seedbed is dry and cracked, water and weed by lifting the plastic film and shading net, and when the internal temperature of the plastic film reaches 30-35°C, lift the two ends of the plastic film to reduce the internal temperature and prevent the seedlings from being burned. After 4 months, count the rooting rate, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0053] Table 2 Influence of different cutting times and cutting branch diameters on rooting rate

[0054]

[0055] According to the statistical results in Table 2, the optimal cutting month and the best cutting branch diameter of Rhus chinensis and Populus purdomi are consistent, the rooting rate in February and May is higher than that in August and November, and the rooting rate in February is higher than that in May, so February is the optimal cutting time. This may be related to the nutritional status of the cuttings, the cuttings in February have not yet germinated, and compared with May, the bark is thicker, and more secondary metabolites flow out from the wound of the cutting, while the cuttings in May have grown new branches at the top, and compared with February, the bark is dry and thin, and fewer secondary metabolites flow out from the wound of the cutting. In terms of rooting rate, the optimal cutting time of Rhus chinensis and Populus purdomi is February.

[0056] The best cutting branch diameter of Rhus chinensis and Populus purdomi is consistent, both being one-year-old lignified branches with a diameter of 15 mm (± 2 mm).

[0057] In summary, Rhus chinensis and Populus purdomi should be cut in February with one-year-old lignified branches with a diameter of 15 mm (± 2 mm).

[0058] Comparative Example 1

[0059] (1) Preparation of cuttings: In February 2024, one-year-old lignified Rhus chinensis and Populus rubra were selected with a branch diameter of 15 mm (± 2 mm) and cut into 12-15 cm cuttings. The top of the cuttings was cut flat 2 cm away from the unsprouted bud point, without leaves, and the bottom was cut obliquely. 100 cuttings were cut from each of Rhus chinensis and Populus rubra.

[0060] (2) Treatment of cuttings: Bundle the cuttings into bunches of 25 with rubber bands, soak them in a 0.5 wt% carbendazim solution for 10 min to disinfect them, and then soak them in a root growth promoter solution (IBA 700 mg / L + NAA 60 mg / L + DA-620 mg / L) for 24 h.

[0061] (3) Prepare the seedbed: After weeding, deep plow and fine-turn the land, ridge it into a 1-meter-wide seedbed, spray 500 times of wood vinegar to adjust the soil pH to 5.0-5.5, spray disinfect with 2wt% ferrous sulfate solution, and water it thoroughly the night before cutting.

[0062] (4) Cuttings: Use a wooden stick that is twice as thick as the cutting branch to dig a hole, put the cutting branch in, press it firmly, water it, then insert the arch pole, cover it with plastic film and shade net.

[0063] (5) Post-implantation management: One month after cutting, when leaves have grown, spray the leaves with a 1000-fold diluted mineral source fulvic acid once on the 1st and 16th day (31 days after cutting is counted as the 1st day). If the soil in the seedbed becomes dry and cracked in the later stage, remove the plastic film and shade net to water and weed. When the internal temperature of the plastic film reaches 30-35°C, lift both ends of the plastic film to lower the internal temperature and prevent burning of the seedlings. Rooting rate was calculated after 4 months. The rooting rate results are shown in Table 3.

[0064] Table 3 Rooting rates of Rhus chinensis and Populus rubra after foliar spraying of mineral-derived fulvic acid

[0065] variety rooting rate rhus coriaria 65％ pistacia lentiscus 60％

[0066] The cutting test of this comparative example was conducted simultaneously with the cutting test conducted in February of Example 2. The rooting rate was slightly lower than the rooting rate of foliar spraying of 2000 times sodium nitrophenolate (75% for Rhus chinensis and 72% for Populus rubra) in Example 2, indicating that foliar spraying of sodium nitrophenolate was more effective in promoting rooting of cuttings of Rhus chinensis and Populus rubra than spraying of mineral-derived fulvic acid.

[0067] Comparative Example 2

[0068] (1) Prepare cuttings: In February 2022, select one-year-old lignified Rhus chinensis and Populus rubra branches with a branch diameter of 15 mm (± 2 mm) and cut them into 12-15 cm cuttings. The top of the cuttings is cut flat 2 cm away from the unsprouted bud point, without leaves, and the bottom is cut obliquely.

[0069] (2) Treat the cuttings: bundle 25 cuttings per bundle with rubber band, dip in 0.5wt% carbendazim solution for 10 minutes for disinfection, then dip in rooting agent solution for 24 hours (IBA 700mg / L + NAA 60mg / L + DA-620mg / L).

[0070] (3) Prepare the seedbed: after weeding, deep plough and fine tillage, make ridges to prepare 1-meter-wide seedbed, spray 500 times wood vinegar to adjust the soil pH to 5.0-5.5, do not spray 2wt% ferrous sulfate solution for disinfection, and pour water thoroughly the night before cutting.

[0071] (4) Cutting: use a wooden stick twice as thick as the cutting to make a hole, put in the cutting, press it, pour water, insert the arched stick, cover with plastic film and shading net.

[0072] (5) Later-stage management: after one month of cutting, when leaves grow, spray the leaves with dilute 2000 times complex sodium nitrophenol once on the first day and the 16th day (cutting 31 days are counted as the first day). If the soil of the seedbed is dry and cracked, lift the plastic film and shading net to pour water and weed, when the internal temperature of the plastic film reaches 30-35℃, lift the two ends of the plastic film to reduce the internal temperature and prevent seedling burning. After 4 months, count the rooting rate, and the rooting rate results are 60% for saltwood and 59% for redwood.

[0073] The cutting test of the comparative example and the cutting test in February in Example 2 are carried out at the same time. The rooting rate is slightly lower than the rooting rate of the seedbed sprayed with 2wt% ferrous sulfate solution (saltwood 75%, redwood 72%) in Example 2, and the bottom of the cutting in the seedbed not sprayed with ferrous sulfate solution appears more bacterial rot or insect damage, thereby reducing the rooting of the cutting, which shows that spraying the seedbed with 2wt% ferrous sulfate solution can appropriately improve the rooting rate of saltwood and redwood cuttings.

[0074] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any change or replacement easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical range disclosed by the present application should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A cutting method for Rhus chinensis and Populus rubra, characterized in that: Including preparation of cuttings, processing of cuttings, preparation of seedbeds, cutting and post-management; The process of preparing cuttings comprises: selecting one-year-old lignified branches of Rhus chinensis and Populus rubra, and cutting them into cuttings; the diameter of the one-year-old lignified branches is 15±2 mm; The process of treating the cuttings includes: disinfecting the cuttings and performing root growth promotion treatment on the cuttings; the root growth promotion agent solution used in the root growth promotion treatment is a mixed solution of indolebutyric acid, naphthylacetic acid and diethylaminoethyl ester; The time of the cutting is February.

2. The cutting method of Rhus chinensis and Populus rubra according to claim 1, wherein The length of the cutting branch is 12-15 cm; the top of the cutting branch is cut flatly, the bottom end is cut obliquely, and no leaves are left on the top.

3. The cutting method of Rhus chinensis and Populus rubra according to claim 1, wherein The disinfection is carried out by soaking in a carbendazim solution.

4. The cutting method of Rhus chinensis and Populus rubra according to claim 1, wherein The root growth promoting agent solution is composed of 700 mg / L of indolebutyric acid, 60 mg / L of naphthaleneacetic acid and 20 mg / L of diethylaminoethyl ester.

5. The cutting method of Rhus chinensis and Populus rubra according to claim 1, wherein: The root growth promotion treatment is to soak the roots in a root growth promotion agent solution for 12-24 hours.

6. The cutting method of Rhus chinensis and Populus rubra according to claim 1, wherein: The process of cutting includes: digging holes, putting cutting branches in, pressing them firmly, watering, inserting arch rods, covering with plastic film and sunshade net.

7. The cutting method of Rhus chinensis and Populus rubra according to claim 1, wherein: The process of preparing the seedbed includes: weeding the land, deep plowing and fine turning, ridge formation into the seedbed, spraying wood vinegar to adjust the soil pH to 5.0-5.5, spraying with ferrous sulfate solution for disinfection, and watering thoroughly the night before cutting.

8. The cutting method of Rhus chinensis and Populus rubra according to claim 7, wherein: The concentration of the ferrous sulfate solution is 2 wt %.

9. The cutting method of Rhus chinensis and Populus rubra according to claim 1, wherein The process of the later management includes: when the internal temperature reaches 30-35°C, lifting the two ends of the plastic film covering the seedbed; after the leaves grow, spraying the leaves with 2000 times diluted sodium nitrophenolate twice in succession, each time with an interval of 15 days.

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