Saline soil irrigation system and method based on electrically folded water and electrode array layout

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil irrigation, and discloses a saline-alkali soil irrigation system and method based on electric water folding and an electrode array layout, wherein the saline-alkali soil irrigation system comprises electrodes arranged in an array, a power supply assembly and a control assembly arranged at the edge of the saline-alkali soil, and a sensor assembly uniformly arranged in the saline-alkali soil; the power supply assembly is electrically connected with the control assembly; the control assembly is electrically connected with the electrodes and the sensor assembly; the sensor assembly comprises a moisture sensor and a salt content sensor; the electrodes are divided into three groups; the embedding depth of the electrodes in the third group is 1.6-2 times that of the electrodes in the second group; the embedding depth of the electrodes in the second group is 1.6-2 times that of the electrodes in the first group; and the electrodes comprise negative electrodes and positive electrodes. Through the technical scheme, the problem that the irrigation amount cannot be accurately controlled due to the fact that the moisture parameters and the salt content parameters in the soil cannot be obtained in a timely manner in the existing saline-alkali soil is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of saline-alkali land irrigation technology, specifically to a saline-alkali land irrigation system and method based on electro-hydraulic irrigation and an electrode array layout. Background Technology

[0002] Saline-alkali land is a type of low-yield soil characterized by excessively high salt content and deteriorated physical and chemical properties. Widely distributed in arid and semi-arid regions globally, it severely restricts agricultural production and ecological security. High salt concentrations not only increase soil osmotic pressure, hindering crop roots from absorbing water and nutrients and causing physiological drought and ion toxicity, but also damage soil aggregate structure, leading to compaction and poor aeration, making traditional agriculture unsustainable. Currently, conventional methods for managing saline-alkali land mainly include physical improvement (such as deep plowing and topsoil import), chemical improvement (such as applying gypsum and phosphogypsum), and water conservancy engineering measures (such as constructing drainage ditches and large-scale salt leaching). However, these methods generally have limitations such as large engineering workload, high costs, huge water consumption, and the potential for secondary pollution or groundwater salinization, making them difficult to scale up and apply, especially in the management of large areas of saline-alkali land.

[0003] In recent years, electroosmosis, as an environmentally friendly and relatively low-energy physical improvement technology, has been introduced into the field of saline-alkali land management. Its principle is to apply a direct current electric field to the soil, using the electric field force to drive charged salt ions (such as Na or Cl ions) in the soil pore water to migrate directionally towards the opposite electrode, thereby achieving spatial separation and removal of salt. Although this technology theoretically has the potential for precise salt control, existing electroosmosis implementation schemes still have significant drawbacks: most systems use a single-depth, regularly symmetrical electrode layout, ignoring the differential distribution of salt in the vertical profile of saline-alkali land and the water and salt requirements of different crop root systems; the electrode depth is fixed after installation, lacking flexibility and making it difficult to adapt to the needs of different growth stages or different crops; irrigation and electroosmosis processes are often independent of each other, lacking coordinated intelligent control based on real-time soil water and salt data, leading to waste of water resources and electricity, and low overall management efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, developing an irrigation system and method for saline-alkali land that can achieve coordinated water and salt regulation, three-dimensional electrode layout, and intelligent treatment process is of great significance for improving the efficiency of saline-alkali land improvement, reducing resource consumption, and promoting sustainable agricultural development. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention proposes an irrigation system and method for saline-alkali land based on electro-hydraulic irrigation and an electrode array layout, which solves the problem of inaccurate irrigation control in existing saline-alkali lands due to the inability to obtain soil moisture and salinity parameters in a timely manner.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A saline-alkali land irrigation system based on electro-hydraulic water diversion and an electrode array layout includes electrodes arranged in an array, a power supply component and a control component disposed at the edge of the saline-alkali land, a sensor component uniformly disposed in the saline-alkali land, and an irrigation component disposed in the saline-alkali land. The power supply component is electrically connected to the control component, and the control component is electrically connected to the electrodes and the sensor component. The sensor component includes a moisture sensor and a salinity sensor. The electrodes are multiple and divided into three groups. The burial depth of the third group of electrodes is 1.6-2 times that of the second group of electrodes, and the burial depth of the second group of electrodes is 1.6-2 times that of the first group of electrodes. The electrodes include negative electrodes and positive electrodes.

[0007] As a further technical solution, the first group of electrodes is buried at a depth of 10-15 cm.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the first group of electrodes is arranged in a "positive-negative-positive-negative" cyclic pattern; the second group of electrodes is arranged in a "negative-positive-negative-positive" cyclic pattern; and the third group of electrodes is arranged in a "positive-negative-positive-negative" cyclic pattern.

[0009] As a further technical solution, multiple lifting brackets are also included, with each electrode corresponding to one of the lifting brackets, and the electrode's embedment depth is adjusted by means of the lifting brackets.

[0010] As a further technical solution, the electrodes within the same group are arranged in a rectangular network.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the top of the positive electrode is marked with a red mark, and the top of the negative electrode is marked with a blue mark.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the sensor assembly also includes a protective housing, and both the moisture sensor and the salinity sensor are disposed inside the protective housing.

[0013] This invention provides a method for irrigating saline-alkali land based on an electro-hydraulic system and an electrode array layout, applicable to the aforementioned saline-alkali land irrigation system, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Divide the electrodes into three groups and bury them at three different depths in the soil. The electrodes in each group are buried at different locations at the same depth in a rectangular grid pattern. The first group of electrodes is buried at a depth of 10-15 cm, the second group at a depth of 16-30 cm, and the third group at a depth of 26-60 cm. The energizing time and duration are different for the three groups of electrodes.

[0015] Step 2: Bury the moisture sensor and the salinity sensor in the soil. The burial depth of the moisture sensor is the same as the burial depth of the first set of electrodes. Divide the salinity sensor into two groups. One group is buried at the same depth as the second set of electrodes, and the other group is buried at the same depth as the third set of electrodes.

[0016] Step 3: Lay the drip irrigation pipes below the soil surface, with one drip irrigation pipe between any two adjacent columns or rows of electrodes, and the drip irrigation pipes have uniformly arranged water outlets;

[0017] Step 4: Arrange the power supply and control components at the edge of the field. The power supply components are connected to the control components via cables, and the control components are connected to the electrodes, moisture sensor, and salinity sensor via cables.

[0018] Step 5: Obtain soil moisture data through a moisture sensor and transmit it to the control component; obtain soil salinity data through a salinity sensor and transmit it to the control component.

[0019] Step 6: The control component fuses the moisture and salinity data using multimodal data to obtain the salinity migration rate, and adjusts the electrode power supply current and irrigation amount in real time based on the salinity migration rate.

[0020] As a further technical solution, in step one, each layer of electrodes near the drainage ditch in the field is a negative electrode.

[0021] As a further technical solution, in step one, a lifting bracket is provided on the side of each electrode, and the electrode and the cable connecting the electrode are both located on the telescopic part of the lifting bracket.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0023] First, the system innovatively adopts a three-dimensional layout of a three-layer electrode array to control the migration of salt in the surface, middle, and deep soil layers respectively. This design can precisely target salt accumulated at different depths, and drive salt ions to move directionally towards the preset drainage ditch through electric field force. This effectively overcomes the drawbacks of uneven treatment by traditional single-depth electrodes, and significantly improves the depth, precision, and overall efficiency of saline-alkali land treatment.

[0024] Second, the system intelligently calculates the salt migration rate and dynamically optimizes decisions by integrating real-time data from moisture and salinity sensors. Based on this, the control components can adjust the current intensity of each electrode layer and the water supply of the irrigation system in real time and with precision, achieving "on-demand power supply and precise water delivery," minimizing the ineffective consumption of water and electricity resources, and achieving the dual goals of high efficiency, energy saving, and water conservation and emission reduction.

[0025] Third, with the addition of a height-adjustable support, the burial depth of the electrodes and sensors can be flexibly adjusted according to the root distribution characteristics of different crops (such as shallow-rooted sunflowers or deep-rooted sugar beets). This design greatly expands the system's applicable scenarios, enabling it to flexibly adapt to the different water and salt environment requirements of various crops at different growth stages, thus enhancing the technology's versatility and application value.

[0026] Fourth, the positive and negative electrodes are marked with conspicuous red and blue indicators, respectively, making polarity easily identifiable during large-scale field deployment and effectively avoiding wiring errors that may occur during installation and subsequent maintenance. The clear array-style grid layout also simplifies the construction process and reduces the system's installation complexity and long-term operation and maintenance costs.

[0027] Fifth, the system deeply integrates electroosmosis technology ("using electricity to drive away salt") with drip irrigation technology ("using water to remove salt"), and coordinates the two processes through multimodal data fusion algorithms. Sensors provide real-time feedback on water and salt dynamics, and the system responds intelligently, deciding whether to first irrigate to activate the salts and then apply electricity for migration, or to directly strengthen the electric field. This achieves systematic and integrated intelligent management of soil water and salt movement, with treatment effects far exceeding those of single technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure where the lifting support of the saline-alkali land irrigation system provided by the present invention is connected with the electrode and sensor components respectively;

[0030] Figure 2 Here is a simplified structural diagram of the saline-alkali land irrigation system provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 A simplified diagram showing the distribution of the three-layer electrodes involved in the saline-alkali land irrigation system provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 A simplified diagram of the distribution of a single layer of electrodes involved in the saline-alkali land irrigation system provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a logical schematic diagram of the saline-alkali land irrigation method provided by the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Electrode; 2. Moisture sensor; 3. Salt sensor; 4. Lifting bracket; Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides an irrigation system for saline-alkali land based on electro-hydraulic water and an electrode array layout. The system includes electrodes arranged in an array, a power supply component and a control component positioned at the edge of the saline-alkali land, a sensor component uniformly arranged on the saline-alkali land, and an irrigation component positioned on the saline-alkali land. The power supply component is electrically connected to the control component, and the control component is electrically connected to the electrodes and the sensor component. The sensor component includes a moisture sensor and a salinity sensor. Multiple electrodes are arranged in three groups. The burial depth of the third group of electrodes is 1.6-2 times that of the second group of electrodes, and the burial depth of the second group of electrodes is 1.6-2 times that of the first group of electrodes. The electrodes include negative electrodes and positive electrodes.

[0038] The electrodes are numerous and divided into three groups, each containing both negative and positive electrodes, with several electrodes in each group. The three groups of electrodes are buried at different depths in the soil: the first group is buried at a depth of 10-15 cm, the second group at 16-30 cm, and the third group at 26-60 cm. The electrodes in the first and third groups are arranged in a cyclic pattern of "negative...negative-positive...positive-negative...negative," with the outermost electrode in the grid necessarily being a negative electrode and closest to the field's drainage ditch, allowing positive ions in the soil to migrate towards the ditch. The electrodes in the second group are arranged in a cyclic pattern of "positive...positive-negative...negative-positive...positive," with the outermost electrode in the grid necessarily being a positive electrode and closest to the field's drainage ditch, allowing negative ions in the soil to migrate towards the drainage ditch.

[0039] It should be noted that the electrodes may be arranged in groups of three, five, six, or more, depending on the size of the saline-alkali land. Furthermore, at the same burial depth and in the same migration direction, there are only three electrodes in a group. The polarity of the middle electrode group is opposite to that of the two outer electrode groups, and each of the outer electrode groups must have one and only one adjacent drainage ditch. The distance (L1) between two adjacent electrodes within the same group is 0.5-1.2 m; the greater the salinity, the smaller the distance between the electrodes.

[0040] To identify the polarity of the electrodes, a red marking is placed at the tip of the positive electrode and a blue marking is placed at the tip of the negative electrode.

[0041] The sensor assembly includes a moisture sensor and a salinity sensor, which are positioned at different depths. The moisture sensor is buried at the same depth as the first set of electrodes. The salinity sensors are divided into two groups: one group of electrodes is buried at the same depth as the second set, and the other group of salinity sensors is buried at the same depth as the third set. To prevent excessive wear on the sensors during use, a protective shell is installed around the sensors, with the sensor's detection part exposed outside the protective shell.

[0042] The power supply and control components are located at the edge of the saline-alkali land. The power supply component is electrically connected to the control component, which in turn is connected to the motor, moisture sensor, and salinity sensor via cables. The control component can adjust the value and frequency of the power supply current to the electrodes.

[0043] Irrigation components include drip irrigation pipes, water pumps, and wells or water sources. Irrigation of saline-alkali land is achieved through drip irrigation pipes, which can save water and provide rapid regulation.

[0044] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment also includes multiple lifting supports, with each electrode corresponding to one of the lifting supports, and the electrode's embedment depth is adjusted by means of the lifting supports.

[0045] In this embodiment, since different types of crops are grown in saline-alkali land, and the root lengths of different types of crops are different, in order to improve the survival rate of crops, it is necessary to reduce the salt concentration near the crop roots. A lifting support is set up in the saline-alkali land. The lifting support includes a depth adjustment rod and a horizontal fixing frame. The horizontal fixing frame is fixed in the saline-alkali land. Multiple adjustment holes are opened on the depth adjustment rod, and corresponding mounting holes are opened on the horizontal fixing frame. Bolts are inserted into the adjustment holes and mounting holes for fixation. Electrodes, moisture sensors and salinity sensors are all set at the bottom of the depth adjustment rod. In this way, the burial depth of the electrodes and sensors can be adjusted to adapt to different types of crops.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] like Figure 5 As shown, the present invention provides an irrigation method for saline-alkali land based on an electro-hydraulic system and an electrode array layout, applicable to the aforementioned saline-alkali land irrigation system, comprising the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Divide the electrodes into three groups and bury them at three depths in the soil. The electrodes in each group are buried at different locations at the same depth in a rectangular grid pattern. The first group of electrodes is buried at a depth of 10-15 cm, the second group at a depth of 16-30 cm, and the third group at a depth of 26-60 cm. The energizing time and duration of the three groups of electrodes are different.

[0049] The electrodes are selected to be corrosion-resistant and buried in designated locations in the soil. When the crop is oilseed sunflower, the burial depth of the first set of electrodes can be 10 cm, the burial depth of the corresponding second set of electrodes can be 25 cm, and the burial depth of the second set of electrodes can be 50 cm. When the crop is sugar beet, the burial depth of the first set of electrodes can be 15 cm, the burial depth of the corresponding second set of electrodes can be 30 cm, and the burial depth of the second set of electrodes can be 60 cm.

[0050] The electrodes within the same group are arranged in a rectangular grid. Furthermore, to avoid interference between electric fields at different soil depths, the three groups of electrodes are energized at different times for varying durations. Both the timing and duration of energization are controlled by a control unit.

[0051] Step 2: Bury the moisture sensor and the salinity sensor in the soil. The burial depth of the moisture sensor is the same as that of the first set of electrodes. Divide the salinity sensor into two groups. One group is buried at the same depth as the second set of electrodes, and the other group is buried at the same depth as the third set of electrodes.

[0052] After the electrodes are laid, the sensor assembly needs to be placed in the soil. The sensor assembly includes a moisture sensor and a salinity sensor. The moisture sensor is buried at the same depth as the first set of electrodes. The salinity sensors are divided into two groups. The first group is buried at the same depth as the second set of electrodes, and the other group is buried at the same depth as the third set of electrodes.

[0053] Moisture sensors are used to acquire moisture data in saline-alkali land, primarily for monitoring soil moisture content. Soil moisture content not only determines irrigation amount but also reflects the effect of salt migration; that is, at appropriate moisture content, the migration rate and amount of salt are both greater.

[0054] Salt sensors are used to acquire salt content data in saline-alkali land, primarily for monitoring soil electrical conductivity, which reflects the salt content. Higher salt concentrations require a stronger electric field to drive more salt to migrate.

[0055] In saline-alkali land, salt typically accumulates and accumulates, and irrigation water also penetrates deeper into the soil. Therefore, the salt content at deeper levels is higher than at shallower areas. To improve monitoring accuracy, two sets of salt sensors are used: one set is located near the location of the second set of electrodes, and the other set is located near the location of the third set of electrodes. By using electrodes buried at different depths, accurate determination of salt migration can be achieved, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of saline-alkali land management.

[0056] Moisture sensors and salinity sensors need to work together; that is, both need to be in working condition at the same time.

[0057] Step 3: Lay the drip irrigation pipes below the soil surface, with one drip irrigation pipe between any two adjacent columns or rows of electrodes, and the drip irrigation pipes are arranged with uniform water outlets.

[0058] After the electrodes and sensors are laid, the drip irrigation pipes can be installed. These pipes are located below the soil surface, between any two rows or columns of electrodes; the installation of the drip pipes does not affect the electrodes. Furthermore, the drip irrigation pipes are typically located near the crop roots and, to prevent evaporation, are buried 5 centimeters below the soil surface. The drip irrigation pipes have evenly spaced water outlets.

[0059] Step 4: Place the power supply and control components at the edge of the field. The power supply components are connected to the control components via cables, and the control components are connected to the electrodes, moisture sensor, and salinity sensor via cables.

[0060] The power supply and control components are positioned at the edge of the field. The core component of the power supply is a transformer, while the control component is located to the side of the power supply. The power supply is used for the logic control of the entire system and is connected to electrodes, moisture sensors, and salinity sensors via cables. After acquiring soil moisture and salinity data, the control component adjusts the electric field generated by the electrodes in the soil, thereby achieving irrigation of crops and remediation of saline-alkali land based on the principle of "electricity diverting water."

[0061] Step 5: Obtain soil moisture data through a moisture sensor and transmit it to the control component; obtain soil salinity data through a salinity sensor and transmit it to the control component.

[0062] Moisture sensors acquire soil moisture data, while salinity sensors acquire soil salinity data. Both data are transmitted to a controller within the control unit for processing. After processing, the control unit sends signals to the power supply and irrigation units, which then adjust the electric field strength and water content in the soil.

[0063] Step 6: The control component fuses the moisture and salinity data using multimodal data to obtain the salinity migration rate, and adjusts the electrode power supply current and irrigation amount in real time based on the salinity migration rate.

[0064] After acquiring moisture and salinity data, the control component processes the data in the form of multimodal data fusion.

[0065] In multimodal data fusion processing, the controller calculates the salt concentration and salt ion mobility in the soil using moisture and salinity data. Then, precise irrigation amounts can be obtained based on the salt concentration and salt ion mobility, while simultaneously optimizing the electrode power supply current. Furthermore, a soil improvement index can be generated. When the soil improvement index is high, irrigation should be prioritized before increasing the electrode power supply current; when the soil improvement index is low, irrigation can be paused, and the electrode power supply current can be increased directly.

[0066] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A saline-alkali land irrigation system based on electro-hydraulic irrigation and an electrode array layout, comprising electrodes arranged in an array, a power supply component and a control component disposed at the edge of the saline-alkali land, a sensor component uniformly disposed on the saline-alkali land, and an irrigation component disposed on the saline-alkali land, characterized in that, The power supply component is electrically connected to the control component, and the control component is electrically connected to the electrode and the sensor component. The sensor component includes a moisture sensor and a salinity sensor. The electrode consists of multiple electrodes divided into three groups. The embedding depth of the third group of electrodes is 1.6-2 times that of the second group of electrodes, and the embedding depth of the second group of electrodes is 1.6-2 times that of the first group of electrodes. The electrode includes a negative electrode and a positive electrode.

2. The saline-alkali land irrigation system based on electro-hydraulic irrigation and electrode array layout according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first group of electrodes is buried at a depth of 10-15 cm.

3. The saline-alkali land irrigation system based on electro-hydraulic irrigation and electrode array layout according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrodes in the first group are arranged in a cyclic pattern of "negative...negative-positive...positive-negative...negative"; the electrodes in the second group are arranged in a cyclic pattern of "positive...positive-negative...negative-positive...positive"; and the electrodes in the third group are arranged in a cyclic pattern of "negative...negative-positive...positive-negative...negative".

4. The saline-alkali land irrigation system based on electro-hydraulic irrigation and electrode array layout according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes multiple lifting brackets, with each electrode corresponding to one of the lifting brackets, and the electrode can be adjusted for burial depth by means of the lifting brackets.

5. The saline-alkali land irrigation system based on electro-hydraulic irrigation and electrode array layout according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrodes within the same group are arranged in a rectangular network.

6. The saline-alkali land irrigation system based on electro-hydraulic irrigation and electrode array layout according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positive electrode has a red marking at its tip, and the negative electrode has a blue marking at its tip.

7. The saline-alkali land irrigation system based on electro-hydraulic irrigation and electrode array layout according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor assembly also includes a protective housing, and both the moisture sensor and the salinity sensor are disposed within the protective housing.

8. A method for irrigating saline-alkali land based on electro-hydraulic irrigation and an electrode array layout, applied to the saline-alkali land irrigation system of claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Divide the electrodes into three groups and bury them at three different depths in the soil. The electrodes in each group are buried at different locations at the same depth in a rectangular grid pattern. The first group of electrodes is buried at a depth of 10-15 cm, the second group at a depth of 16-30 cm, and the third group at a depth of 26-60 cm. The energizing time and duration are different for the three groups of electrodes. Step 2: Bury the moisture sensor and the salinity sensor in the soil. The burial depth of the moisture sensor is the same as the burial depth of the first set of electrodes. Divide the salinity sensor into two groups. One group is buried at the same depth as the second set of electrodes, and the other group is buried at the same depth as the third set of electrodes. Step 3: Lay the drip irrigation pipes below the soil surface, with one drip irrigation pipe between any two adjacent columns or rows of electrodes, and the drip irrigation pipes have uniformly arranged water outlets; Step 4: Arrange the power supply and control components at the edge of the field. The power supply components are connected to the control components via cables, and the control components are connected to the electrodes, moisture sensor, and salinity sensor via cables. Step 5: Obtain soil moisture data through a moisture sensor and transmit it to the control component; obtain soil salinity data through a salinity sensor and transmit it to the control component. Step 6: The control component fuses the moisture and salinity data using multimodal data to obtain the salinity migration rate, and adjusts the electrode power supply current and irrigation amount in real time based on the salinity migration rate.

9. The method for irrigating saline-alkali land based on electro-hydraulic irrigation and electrode array layout according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step one, each layer of electrodes near the drainage ditch in the field is a negative electrode.

10. The method for irrigating saline-alkali land based on electro-hydraulic irrigation and electrode array layout according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step one, a lifting bracket is provided on the side of each electrode, and the electrode and the cable connecting the electrode are both located on the telescopic part of the lifting bracket.

Images