Fish and grass symbiotic ecological system and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological environments, and discloses a fish-grass symbiotic ecological system and a construction method.The ecological system comprises a planting assembly, a protection assembly and aquatic organisms, the protection assembly is arranged outside the planting assembly and located below the water surface of a water area, a plurality of holes are formed in the protection assembly, and the aquatic organisms are suitable for being cultured in the water area; the protection assembly with the multiple holes is arranged outside the planting assembly, seedlings and roots of the aquatic plants can be prevented from being excessively gnawed by herbivorous fishes, stems and leaves can extend out of the protection assembly through the holes after the submerged plants are mature, and therefore the aquatic plants can be protected from being damaged. Food is provided for herbivorous fishes, new seedlings and roots of submerged plants are protected, the biomass of the plants is kept in a stable range, and degeneration of the submerged plants is avoided. The aquatic organisms are put in batches, so that the dynamic balance of fish and grass symbiosis can be realized by matching with the symbiosis of different aquatic organisms in different growth periods of the submerged plants.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ecological environment, in particular to a fish-grass symbiotic ecosystem and a construction method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a core component of the aquatic ecosystem, the submerged plant has an important ecological function in the ecological system of rivers, lakes and wetlands, etc. It releases oxygen through photosynthesis, absorbs nutrients in water, and inhibits the release of pollution from the bottom mud, playing a key role in purifying water quality, maintaining biodiversity and providing biological habitats. The fish-grass symbiotic system can further strengthen the stability of the ecological system through the synergistic effect of plants and fish, which is of great significance to improving the ecological stability of water areas and enriching biodiversity.

[0003] In the prior art, herbivorous fish excessively grazes on submerged plants, especially on seedlings and roots, which easily leads to the difficulty in establishing a submerged plant population, causes the existing submerged plant community to decline, weakens its ecological function, and increases the maintenance cost of the wetland system, which is also not conducive to the stable operation of the ecological system. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a fish-grass symbiotic ecosystem and a construction method thereof to solve the problem of excessive grazing of herbivorous fish on submerged plants in the prior art.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a fish-grass symbiotic ecosystem, comprising a planting assembly, a protection assembly and aquatic organisms, the planting assembly is planted with submerged plants, the planting assembly is suitable to be arranged in a water area, the protection assembly is arranged outside the planting assembly and below the water surface of the water area, the protection assembly is provided with a plurality of holes, the aquatic organisms are suitable to be cultivated in the water area outside the protection assembly, and the aquatic organisms are batched according to the growth stage of the planting assembly.

[0006] Beneficial effects: the protection assembly with a plurality of holes arranged outside the planting assembly in the present application can prevent the seedlings and roots of aquatic plants from being excessively grazed by herbivorous fish, the stems and leaves of the submerged plants can extend outside the protection assembly through the holes after the plants mature, providing food for herbivorous fish, protecting the new seedlings and roots of the plants, maintaining the plant biomass in a stable range, and avoiding the degradation of the submerged plants; the aquatic organisms are batched according to the growth stage of the planting assembly, which can realize the symbiosis of different aquatic organisms in different growth periods of the submerged plants, ensure the relatively stable growth of the submerged plants, maintain a dynamic balance, and reduce the manual harvesting and maintenance of the submerged plants, achieving a dynamic balance of fish-grass symbiosis.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, the planting assembly comprises a plant blanket and submerged plants, the plant blanket is arranged at the bottom of the water area and inside the protection assembly, and the submerged plants are planted on the plant blanket.

[0008] Beneficial effects: In actual operation, the plant blanket can provide nutrient components for the seeds or seedlings of the submerged plants, and after the submerged plants grow stably on the plant blanket, the whole plant blanket is laid in the water area, and the submerged plants can quickly adapt to the environment and have a high survival rate due to the nutrient and fixing conditions provided by the plant blanket.

[0009] In an alternative embodiment, the planting assembly further comprises a fixing member, the fixing member is arranged through the plant blanket, and the bottom end of the fixing member is fixed to the bottom of the water area.

[0010] Beneficial effects: In the present application, the fixing member can fix the plant blanket to the bottom of the water area, avoiding the plant blanket from floating or shifting due to water flow, and ensuring the stability of the submerged plant planting.

[0011] In an alternative embodiment, the plant blanket comprises a fiber mat, a substrate layer and a coconut fiber mat arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

[0012] Beneficial effects: In the present application, the fiber mat can protect the substrate layer, and the large surface area of the coconut fiber mat provides a rich attachment site for beneficial microorganisms.

[0013] In an alternative embodiment, the protection assembly comprises a column and a mesh, a plurality of columns are vertically arranged in the water area, and the mesh is arranged on the columns and encloses the sides and top of the planting assembly.

[0014] Beneficial effects: In the present application, the mesh is fixed above the submerged plants by the columns to prevent the protective net cage from shifting with wind and waves.

[0015] In an alternative embodiment, the mesh comprises a side mesh and a top mesh, the side mesh connects adjacent columns, and the top mesh is detachably connected with the side mesh.

[0016] Beneficial effects: In the present application, the top mesh is detachably connected with the side mesh, and opening the top mesh can facilitate the maintenance of the submerged plants.

[0017] In an alternative embodiment, the aquatic organisms include herbivorous fish, filter-feeding fish and omnivorous fish.

[0018] Beneficial effects: In the present application, the herbivorous fish can feed on the submerged plants, the filter-feeding fish feeds on plankton and organic detritus in the water by filtering, and the omnivorous fish can feed on both animal feed and herbivorous fish, and by mixing herbivorous fish, filter-feeding fish and omnivorous fish, an ecological chain of "upper layer filtering-mid and lower layer herbivorous-bottom layer cleaning" can be formed, ensuring the diversity of the ecology, and at the same time, the water quality can be regulated, the mixed culture mode can reduce the waste of feed, and the economic benefit can be improved.

[0019] In an alternative embodiment, the herbivorous fish is in a proportion of 10% to 15%, the filter-feeding fish is in a proportion of 40% to 50%, and the omnivorous fish is in a proportion of 35% to 45%.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a method for constructing a fish-grass symbiotic ecosystem, which is applied to the fish-grass symbiotic ecosystem described above, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0021] Selecting seeds or seedlings of submerged plants to be planted in the plant blanket;

[0022] After the submerged plants grow stably on the plant blanket, the whole plant blanket is laid in the water area;

[0023] The protection assembly is arranged above the planting assembly;

[0024] The aquatic organisms are planted outside the protection assembly.

[0025] In an alternative embodiment, the step of planting the aquatic organisms outside the protection assembly comprises:

[0026] In the initial growth stage of the submerged plants, the filter-feeding fish is planted;

[0027] In the middle growth stage of the submerged plants, the herbivorous fish is planted;

[0028] In the late growth stage of the submerged plants, the omnivorous fish is planted.

[0029] Beneficial effects: The aquatic organisms are planted in batches according to the growth stages of the planting assembly, so that the submerged plants can be symbiotic with different aquatic organisms in different growth stages, and the growth of the submerged plants is relatively stable and in a dynamic balance, and the harvesting and maintenance of the submerged plants by artificial labor can be reduced, and the dynamic balance of the fish-grass symbiosis is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a front view of a fish-grass symbiotic ecosystem according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a front view of a planting assembly in a fish-grass symbiotic ecosystem according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 3A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a protection assembly in a fish-grass symbiotic ecosystem according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 A flowchart of a fish-grass symbiotic ecosystem construction method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Legend of reference signs:

[0036] 1, planting assembly; 11, plant blanket; 111, fiber mat; 112, substrate layer; 113, coconut fiber mat; 12, submerged plant; 13, fixing member;

[0037] 2, protection assembly; 21, stand; 22, mesh; 221, side mesh; 222, top mesh; 223, buckle;

[0038] 3, aquatic organism;

[0039] 4, water area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in a clear and complete manner with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0041] In related technologies, the planting and growth of submerged plants in rivers, lakes and wetlands often face the following problems: (1) In areas with hard soil, the root system of submerged plants is difficult to grow and the survival rate is low, and it is difficult to quickly play an ecological benefit; (2) Herbivorous fish excessively nibble submerged plants, especially seedlings and roots, which makes it difficult to establish a submerged plant population, causes the existing submerged plant community to decline, weakens its ecological function, increases the maintenance cost of the wetland system, and is not conducive to the stable operation of the ecological system; (3) The use of netting protection for submerged plants is high in cost and hinders the ecological circulation of fish and grass, and the excessive growth of water plants leads to high maintenance intensity and cost of artificial harvesting, and the netting on the water surface affects the passage of water maintenance vessels, affects the water surface landscape, and isolates the relationship between water and fish, which is not conducive to the balance and stability of the ecological system.

[0042] The embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to Figures 1 to 4 .

[0043] According to the embodiments of the present application, on the one hand, as Figures 1 to 3As shown, an ecological system of fish-grass symbiosis is provided, including planting assemblies 1, protection assemblies 2 and aquatic organisms 3, the planting assemblies 1 are planted with submerged plants 12, the planting assemblies 1 are suitable to be arranged in a water area 4, the protection assemblies 2 are arranged outside the planting assemblies 1 and below the water surface of the water area 4, the protection assemblies 2 are provided with a plurality of holes, the aquatic organisms 3 are suitable to be bred in the water area 4 and outside the protection assemblies 2, and the aquatic organisms 3 are batched according to the growth stages of the planting assemblies 1.

[0044] Specifically, the water area 4 is not limited in the embodiment, for example, the water area 4 in the embodiment can be a river, a lake, a wetland, etc.

[0045] The aquatic organisms 3 are not limited in the embodiment, for example, the aquatic organisms 3 in the embodiment are fish. In some other embodiments not shown, the aquatic organisms 3 can also be shellfish, etc.

[0046] In the embodiment, after the planting assemblies 1 are planted with seeds or seedlings of the submerged plants 12, in order to ensure the survival rate of the submerged plants 12, after the submerged plants 12 grow stably on the plant carpets 11, the whole is laid in the river, lake, wetland area where the submerged plants 12 are needed to be planted, and the planting assemblies 1 can be replanted at a certain interval.

[0047] In the embodiment, the protection assembly 2 has a protection space with an open bottom and relatively closed sides and top, a plurality of holes are arranged on the protection space, the hole size is greater than the size of the stem of the submerged plant 12, but smaller than the individual size of the fish, when the submerged plant 12 grows in the protection assembly 2, the mature stems and leaves of the submerged plant 12 can extend outside the holes, but the fish cannot enter the inside of the protection assembly 2 through the holes.

[0048] In the embodiment, different types of fish are batched in the river, lake, wetland according to different growth stages of the submerged plant 12, in the initial growth stage of the submerged plant 12, the stems and leaves are not mature and cannot extend outside the holes, filter-feeding fish can be put in to filter algae and plankton, reduce overpopulation of algae and improve water transparency; in the mature growth stage of the submerged plant 12, the mature stems and leaves of the submerged plant 12 can extend outside the holes, and herbivorous fish and omnivorous fish mainly feeding on aquatic plants can be put in.

[0049] The application is provided with a protection assembly 2 with a plurality of holes outside the planting assembly 1, which can prevent the seedlings and roots of aquatic plants from being excessively eaten by herbivorous fish, and after the submerged plants 12 mature, the stems and leaves can extend outside the protection assembly 2 through the holes to provide food for herbivorous fish, protect the seedlings and roots of the submerged plants 12, maintain the plant biomass in a stable range, and avoid the degradation of the submerged plants 12; the aquatic organisms 3 are put in batches according to the growth stage of the planting assembly 1, which can realize the symbiosis of different aquatic organisms 3 in different growth periods of the submerged plants 12, ensure the relatively stable growth of the submerged plants 12, and maintain a dynamic balance, and can reduce the manual harvesting and maintenance of the submerged plants 12, and realize the dynamic balance of fish-grass symbiosis. The protection assembly 2 is located below the water surface, which does not affect the passage of water surface maintenance ships and the water surface landscape.

[0050] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the planting assembly 1 includes a plant blanket 11 and submerged plants 12, the plant blanket 11 is arranged at the bottom of the water area 4 and located inside the protection assembly 2, and the submerged plants 12 are planted on the plant blanket 11.

[0051] Specifically, the submerged plants 12 in the embodiment are not limited, for example, the submerged plants 12 in the embodiment can be selected according to the repair requirements of rivers, lakes and wetlands, such as Vallisneria, Ceratophyllum, and Myriophyllum.

[0052] In the actual operation process of the application, the plant blanket 11 can provide nutrient components for the seeds or seedlings of the submerged plants 12, and after the submerged plants 12 grow stably on the plant blanket 11, the plant blanket 11 is laid in the water area 4 as a whole, and the submerged plants 12 can quickly adapt to the environment and have a high survival rate due to the nutrient and fixing conditions provided by the plant blanket 11.

[0053] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 , the planting assembly 1 further includes a fixing member 13, the fixing member 13 is arranged on the plant blanket 11, and the bottom end of the fixing member 13 is fixed at the bottom of the water area 4.

[0054] Specifically, the fixing member 13 in the embodiment is not limited, for example, the fixing member 13 in the embodiment is a bamboo nail, the length of the bamboo nail is 10 cm, and the bamboo nail is used to fix the plant blanket 11, and four bamboo nails are arranged per square meter.

[0055] In the application, the fixing member 13 can fix the plant blanket 11 at the bottom of the water area 4, so that the plant blanket 11 is prevented from floating or shifting due to water flow and the like, and the stability of the planting of the submerged plants 12 is ensured.

[0056] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 , the plant blanket 11 includes a fiber mat 111, a substrate layer 112 and a coconut fiber mat 113 arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

[0057] Specifically, the fiber mat 111 in the embodiment is made of straw, reed and the like, and has a thickness of 0.5-1 cm, and is used to protect the substrate layer 112. The substrate layer 112 is composed of natural lake mud (45%), silt (45%) and broken dry branches and leaves (10%), and has a thickness of 3-4 cm. The coconut fiber mat 113 is made of natural coconut fiber, and has a specification of 300 g / m2 and a thickness of 1 cm. The large surface area of the coconut fiber mat 113 provides a rich attachment site for beneficial microorganisms such as nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria.

[0058] The fiber mat 111 in the embodiment can protect the substrate layer 112, and the large surface area of the coconut fiber mat 113 provides a rich attachment site for beneficial microorganisms.

[0059] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 3 the protective assembly 2 includes the columns 21 and the mesh 22. The columns 21 are vertically arranged in the water area 4, and the mesh 22 is arranged on the columns 21, and the mesh 22 encloses the sides and the top of the planting assembly 1.

[0060] Specifically, the protective assembly 2 in the embodiment has a cubic shape, and the bottom thereof is open. The protective assembly 2 includes the columns 21 and the mesh 22. The columns 21 are four in number, and the four vertically arranged columns 21 are located on the four vertical edges of the cube, and the mesh 22 is fixedly installed on the columns 21. The planting assembly 1 is arranged in the space between the four columns 21.

[0061] In the embodiment, the mesh 22 is fixed above the submerged plants 12 through the columns 21, so as to prevent the protective net cage from being displaced by wind and waves and water flow.

[0062] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 3 the mesh 22 includes the side mesh 221 and the top mesh 222. The side mesh 221 is connected to the adjacent columns 21, and the top mesh 222 is detachably connected to the side mesh 221.

[0063] Specifically, the side mesh 221 in the embodiment is four in number, and is connected between the adjacent columns 21. The side mesh 221 arranges the planting assembly 1 in the space between the four columns 21, and the top mesh 222 is detachably connected to the side mesh 221.

[0064] In this embodiment, the column 21 is made of stainless steel pipe with a length of 40 cm and a diameter of 5 mm, and is inserted into the soil at the bottom of the water area 4 by 10 cm during installation, for fixing the protection assembly above the submerged plant 12; the mesh 22 is made of stainless steel wire with a mesh size of 1 cm to 2 cm, which can ensure that the mature stems and leaves of the submerged plant 12 grow out of the mesh, but can block the entry of the grass-eating fish into the protection assembly 2, avoiding the grazing of the grass-eating fish on the seedlings and roots of the submerged plant 12.

[0065] In this embodiment, the side mesh 221 and the top mesh 222 can have the same size, and the buckle 223 is arranged between the side mesh 221 and the top mesh 222, so that the top mesh 222 can be disassembled from the side mesh 221 through the buckle 223. When the submerged plant 12 dies in the later period and needs to be replanted, the top mesh 222 can be opened through the buckle 223 for planting, and when the planting is completed, the top mesh 222 is closed.

[0066] In this embodiment, the top mesh 222 is detachably connected with the side mesh 221, and the maintenance of the submerged plant 12 can be facilitated by opening the top mesh 222.

[0067] In one embodiment, the aquatic organisms 3 include grass-eating fish, filter-feeding fish and omnivorous fish.

[0068] Specifically, the grass-eating fish in this embodiment is not specifically limited, and for example, the grass-eating fish includes grass carp, bream, Megalobrama amblycephala, etc.

[0069] The filter-feeding fish in this embodiment is not specifically limited, and for example, the filter-feeding fish in this embodiment includes silver carp, bighead carp, etc.

[0070] The omnivorous fish in this embodiment is not specifically limited, and for example, the omnivorous fish in this embodiment includes grass goldfish, loach, ricefish, Oni fish, etc.

[0071] In this embodiment, the grass-eating fish can be fed by the submerged plant 12, the filter-feeding fish feeds on plankton and organic detritus in water, and the omnivorous fish can feed on both animal feed and grass-eating fish. By mixing the grass-eating fish, the filter-feeding fish and the omnivorous fish, an ecological chain of “upper layer filter-feeding, middle and lower layer grass-eating and bottom layer cleaning” can be formed, the diversity of the ecology is ensured, the water quality can be regulated, the mixed culture mode can reduce the waste of feed, and the economic benefit can be improved.

[0072] In one embodiment, the proportion of the grass-eating fish is 10% to 15%, the proportion of the filter-feeding fish is 40% to 50%, and the proportion of the omnivorous fish is 35% to 45%.

[0073] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the fish is released at a density of ≤50 tails / mu, and the herbivorous fish is released at a proportion of 10% to 15%, the filter-feeding fish is released at a proportion of 40% to 50%, and the omnivorous fish is released at a proportion of 35% to 45%.

[0074] According to an embodiment of the present application, on the other hand, as Figure 4 indicated, there is also provided a method for constructing a fish-grass symbiotic ecosystem, applied to the fish-grass symbiotic ecosystem described above, the method for constructing comprising the following steps:

[0075] S1: Selecting submerged plant 12 seeds or seedlings to implant into plant blanket 11.

[0076] Specifically, according to the project needs and the type of water area 4, suitable submerged plant 12 species are selected, such as Ceratophyllum, Myriophyllum, Vallisneria, etc. The submerged plant 12 seedlings and seeds are cultivated on the plant blanket 11 in advance, which can provide a stable growth substrate for the submerged plant 12, help to fix the root system of the submerged plant 12, and prevent it from floating or moving due to water flow or fish activity.

[0077] S2: After the submerged plant 12 grows stably on the plant blanket 11, it is laid in the water area 4 as a whole.

[0078] Specifically, when planting, the planting assembly 1 containing the plant blanket 11 and the germinated submerged plant 12 seedlings is laid in the submerged plant 12 planting area in the water area 4 as a whole, and the plant blanket 11 is fixed to the substrate using bamboo nails. The plant blanket 11 can provide a fixed root system, avoid the difficulty in survival due to hard soil, and continuously provide nutrient substances for the submerged plant 12, thereby improving the survival rate of the submerged plant 12.

[0079] S3: Setting the protection assembly 2 above the planting assembly 1.

[0080] Specifically, after the planting assembly 1 is laid, the protection assembly 2 is installed above the submerged plant 12 area, which can protect the root system and seedlings of the submerged plant 12 from being eaten by herbivorous fish, and the mature stems and leaves of the submerged plant 12 can extend outside the protection net cage through the mesh size of the net cage.

[0081] S4: Releasing aquatic organisms 3 outside the protection assembly 2.

[0082] Specifically, after the protection assembly 2 is installed, fish can be released outside the protection net cage, and the herbivorous fish only eats the mature stems and leaves extending out of the net cage, protecting the newly born seedlings and root system of the submerged plant 12, maintaining the plant biomass in a stable interval, avoiding the degradation of the submerged plant 12, ensuring the relatively stable growth of the submerged plant 12, and achieving a dynamic balance. It can also reduce manual harvesting and maintenance, and realize the dynamic balance of fish-grass symbiosis.

[0083] The present application avoids overeating of the submerged plants 12 by herbivorous fish by setting the protection assembly 2 above the planting assembly 1, reduces the workload and cost of frequent reseeding and maintenance due to the degradation of the submerged plants 12, can effectively restore the submerged plants 12 in a short time, realizes fish-grass symbiosis, and quickly builds an aquatic ecosystem; at the same time, the moderate feeding of the herbivorous fish on the mature stems and leaves of the submerged plants 12 can control the overgrowth of the submerged plants 12 to a certain extent, and reduce the maintenance cost such as artificial harvesting; such an ecological system can provide a suitable growth environment for the submerged plants 12 and fish, is also conducive to the habitat and reproduction of other aquatic organisms 3, enriches the biological species of the wetland ecological system, maintains the biodiversity, and helps to realize the sustainable development of the ecological environment.

[0084] In one embodiment, S4: the step of releasing aquatic organisms 3 outside the protection assembly 2 comprises:

[0085] S41: in the initial growth stage of the submerged plants 12, filter-feeding fish are released.

[0086] Specifically, in the initial growth stage of the submerged plants 12, the stems and leaves of the submerged plants 12 are not yet mature and cannot extend outside the hole, and filter-feeding fish can be released to reduce the overgrowth of algae by filtering algae and plankton, and to improve water transparency.

[0087] S42: in the middle growth stage of the submerged plants 12, herbivorous fish are released.

[0088] Specifically, in the middle growth stage of the submerged plants 12, the mature stems and leaves of the submerged plants 12 can extend outside the hole, and herbivorous fish mainly feeding on aquatic plants can be released. The herbivorous fish feed on the submerged plants 12, and their feces are rich in bacterial protein and plankton, which can be secondarily utilized by filter-feeding fish and omnivorous fish. The release of herbivorous fish first can quickly decompose organic detritus in the water, improve the water quality, and provide a more suitable growth environment for subsequent fish.

[0089] S43: in the late growth stage of the submerged plants 12, omnivorous fish are released.

[0090] Specifically, omnivorous fish have a wide diet and can feed on plankton and organic detritus in the water, and also accept artificial feed. After the herbivorous fish stabilize the water quality, the release of omnivorous fish can avoid stress reactions caused by water quality fluctuations, and at the same time, the nutrients in the grass carp feces can accelerate growth.

[0091] The present application releases aquatic organisms 3 in batches according to the growth stages of the planting assembly 1, can realize the symbiosis of different aquatic organisms 3 in different growth stages of the submerged plants 12, ensures the relatively stable growth of the submerged plants 12, is in dynamic balance, and can reduce the artificial harvesting and maintenance of the submerged plants 12, realizes the dynamic balance of fish-grass symbiosis.

[0092] While embodiments of the present application have been described in conjunction with the appended drawings, various modifications and changes can be suggested by persons skilled in the art, and all such modifications and changes are believed to fall within the scope of the present application as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fish-grass symbiotic ecosystem, characterized in that: include: A planting assembly (1), wherein the planting assembly (1) is planted with submerged plants (12), and the planting assembly (1) is suitable for being arranged in a water area (4); A protective component (2), the protective component (2) being arranged outside the planting component (1) and located below the surface of the water area (4), and the protective component (2) being provided with a plurality of holes; Aquatic organisms (3), which are suitable for being cultured in the water area (4) and are located outside the protective component (2), are released in batches according to the growth stage of the planting component (1).

2. The fish-grass symbiotic ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting assembly (1) comprises: a plant blanket (11), the plant blanket (11) being arranged at the bottom of the water area (4) and located inside the protective component (2); Submerged plants (12), the submerged plants (12) are planted on the plant blanket (11).

3. The fish-grass symbiotic ecosystem according to claim 2, characterized in that: The planting assembly (1) further comprises: A fixing member (13), wherein the fixing member (13) is passed through the plant blanket (11), and the bottom end of the fixing member (13) is fixed to the bottom of the water area (4).

4. The fish-grass symbiotic ecosystem according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The plant blanket (11) comprises a fiber mat (111), a matrix layer (112) and a coconut fiber mat (113) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.

5. The fish-grass symbiotic ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protection component (2) comprises: Columns (21), a plurality of columns (21) are vertically arranged in the water area (4); A mesh (22) is provided on the upright column (21), and the mesh (22) surrounds the side and top of the planting component (1).

6. The fish-grass symbiotic ecosystem according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mesh (22) comprises: A side mesh (221), the side mesh (221) connecting adjacent columns (21); A top mesh sheet (222), wherein the top mesh sheet (222) is detachably connected to the side mesh sheet (221).

7. The fish-grass symbiotic ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aquatic organisms (3) include herbivorous fish, filter-feeding fish and omnivorous fish.

8. The fish-grass symbiotic ecosystem according to claim 7, characterized in that: The proportion of herbivorous fish released is 10% to 15%, the proportion of filter-feeding fish released is 40% to 50%, and the proportion of omnivorous fish released is 35% to 45%.

9. A method for constructing a fish-grass symbiotic ecosystem, characterized in that: The method for constructing the fish-grass symbiotic ecosystem according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: Selecting seeds or seedlings of submerged plants (12) and planting them in the plant blanket (11); After the submerged plants (12) have grown stably on the plant blanket (11), the blanket is laid out in the water area (4); Arranging the protection component (2) above the planting component (1); Aquatic organisms (3) are placed outside the protective component (2).

10. The method for constructing a fish-grass symbiotic ecosystem according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step of placing aquatic organisms (3) outside the protective component (2) comprises: In the early growth period of submerged plants (12), filter-feeding fish are released; In the middle growth period of submerged plants (12), herbivorous fish are released; In the later growth stage of submerged plants (12), omnivorous fish are released.

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