Reinforcing ring assembling process, hopper car end wall supporting piece and assembling device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a reinforcing ring assembling process, a hopper car end wall supporting piece and an assembling device and method. The technical problem that in the prior art, the assembling precision of a reinforcing ring is low is solved. According to the reinforcing ring assembling technology, firstly, the base material is bent and formed, a reinforcing ring blank is obtained, the two butt-joint ends of the reinforcing ring blank are arranged in an overlapped mode but not connected, and welding deformation can be conveniently released in the subsequent welding step. And then the reinforcing ring blank is placed in the inner hole of the supporting plate, and one arc section of the reinforcing ring blank abuts against the hole wall of the inner hole and is fixed through spot welding. The welding position of the reinforcing ring blank and the supporting plate is arranged on the arc section, the reinforcing ring blank can abut against the hole wall of the inner hole through the elastic restoring force of the arc section of the reinforcing ring blank, and pseudo soldering is avoided. And the operation is repeated, and other arc segments are fixed in sequence. And finally, the process allowance of the butt joint end of the reinforcing ring blank is cut off, connector butt joint and spot welding are conducted, and assembling of the reinforcing ring is completed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of railway vehicle manufacturing, and particularly relates to a reinforcing ring assembling process, a gondola car end wall support and an assembling device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The overall structure of the gondola railway freight car is funnel-shaped, and the end walls at both ends are in an inclined posture outward at the upper part, and the end walls are supported and loaded by the gondola car end wall support outside.

[0003] The gondola car end wall support requires light weight and high strength, and therefore is formed by welding a plate and a column. Please refer to Figure 1 , which shows the structure of the current common gondola car end wall support 10, which includes a support plate 11 and a support column 12 and a reinforcing ring 13 connected with the support plate 11. The support plate 11 is overlapped with one side of the support column 12, the support plate 11 is provided with one or more than one inner hole 111, and the reinforcing ring 13 is arranged in the inner hole 111.

[0004] The assembling precision of the reinforcing ring affects the subsequent welding process and the structural strength of the final product. The current gondola car end wall support assembling method has low assembling precision of the reinforcing ring, which needs to be further improved. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present application provides a reinforcing ring assembling process, a gondola car end wall support and an assembling device and method, and the assembling precision of the reinforcing ring is high.

[0006] In the first aspect of the present application, a reinforcing ring assembling process is provided for assembling a reinforcing ring in an inner hole of a support plate of a gondola car end wall support, the reinforcing ring assembling process comprising the following steps: (1) bending a base material to form a reinforcing ring blank; the reinforcing ring blank is annular and has the same shape as the inner hole, both including a plurality of straight line segments and a plurality of arc line segments arranged alternately; the length of the base material is greater than the designed length of the reinforcing ring, and the two butt joint ends of the reinforcing ring blank are arranged in overlap; (2) placing the reinforcing ring blank into the inner hole; (3) abutting one of the arc line segments of the reinforcing ring blank against the hole wall of the inner hole and spot welding to fix; repeating the above operation to fix the other arc line segments in turn; (4) cutting off the process allowance of the butt joint end of the reinforcing ring blank, and performing interface butt joint and spot welding; the reinforcing ring assembling is completed.

[0007] In some embodiments, the step (2) specifically comprises: placing the reinforcing ring blank into the inner hole and resting on a limiting piece arranged below the support plate; the limiting piece limits the horizontal position and vertical position of the reinforcing ring blank, so that the reinforcing ring blank is fitted with the hole wall of the inner hole, and the hole wall of the inner hole is located at the middle position of the reinforcing ring blank in the height direction.

[0008] In some embodiments, the butt joint end of the reinforcing ring blank is located on one of the straight line segments.

[0009] In some embodiments, the butt joint end of the reinforcing ring blank is located at the middle position of the straight line segment with the maximum length.

[0010] In the second aspect of the present application, a method for assembling a hopper car end wall support is provided, the hopper car end wall support comprising a support plate, a support column and a reinforcing ring connected with the support plate; the method for assembling the hopper car end wall support comprises the following steps: (1) feeding and positioning and fixing the support column; (2) feeding and positioning and fixing the support plate, the support plate being arranged above the support column; (3) point welding the support column and the support plate; (4) assembling the reinforcing ring according to the reinforcing ring assembling process of the first aspect; (5) the hopper car end wall support is assembled.

[0011] In some embodiments, the step (1) specifically comprises: placing the support column on a workbench and clamping it in a first positioning piece, the first positioning piece limiting the horizontal position of the support column.

[0012] In some embodiments, the step (2) specifically comprises: placing the support plate on the support column and a support block arranged on the workbench, and clamping it in a second positioning piece, and pressing the support plate by a pressing piece; the second positioning piece limits the horizontal position of the support plate; the support column, the support block and the pressing piece jointly limit the vertical position of the support plate.

[0013] In some embodiments, the step (5) specifically comprises: loosening the pressing piece, taking out the hopper car end wall support, and the hopper car end wall support is assembled.

[0014] In a third aspect of the present application, an assembling device is provided for use in the gondola car end wall support assembly method of the second aspect. The assembling device comprises: a workbench; a limiting member connected to the workbench, the limiting member limiting the horizontal and vertical positions of the reinforcing ring blank so that the support plate is located at the middle position of the reinforcing ring blank in the height direction; a first positioning member connected to the workbench, the first positioning member abutting against the circumferential side of the support column to limit the horizontal position of the support column; a second positioning member connected to the workbench, the second positioning member abutting against the circumferential side of the support plate to limit the horizontal position of the support plate; a support block connected to the workbench, the support block being located below the support plate and abutting against the lower surface of the support plate; and a pressing member connected to the workbench, the pressing member abutting against the upper surface of the support plate to limit the vertical position of the support plate together with the support block.

[0015] In some embodiments, the limiting member is provided with a first limiting surface extending in the horizontal direction and a second limiting surface extending in the vertical direction, the first limiting surface being used to support the reinforcing ring blank, and the second limiting surface being in contact with the inner annular surface of the reinforcing ring blank.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first positioning member comprises a plurality of first positioning blocks distributed at intervals, the first positioning blocks being distributed on the inner side, the outer side and the end of the support column.

[0017] In some embodiments, the second positioning member comprises a plurality of second positioning blocks distributed at intervals, the second positioning blocks being distributed on the side edges of the support plate other than the side edge connected to the support column; the height of the second positioning blocks is greater than the height of the gondola car end wall support.

[0018] In some embodiments, the height of the support block is the same as the height of the support column.

[0019] In some embodiments, the pressing member comprises a plurality of clamping devices distributed at intervals; the clamping devices are distributed on the side edges of the support plate and in the inner hole of the support plate.

[0020] In some embodiments, the pressing member is a flip clamping device, a rotary arm screw clamping device or a quick clamping device.

[0021] In some embodiments, the assembling device further comprises a crowbar; the crowbar is in the shape of F and comprises a first action arm and a second action arm arranged in parallel; the first action arm and the second action arm are in contact with the inner annular surface and the outer annular surface of the reinforcing ring blank, respectively; the first action arm is close to the welding position of the reinforcing ring blank and the support plate.

[0022] In a fourth aspect of the present application, a gondola car end wall support is provided, which is assembled by the gondola car end wall support assembling method of the second aspect.

[0023] According to the reinforcing ring assembling process provided by one or more embodiments of the present application, the base material is first bent and formed to obtain a reinforcing ring blank, and the two butt ends of the reinforcing ring blank are overlapped but not connected, so as to facilitate the release of welding deformation in the subsequent welding step. Then, the reinforcing ring blank is placed in the inner hole of the support plate, one of the arc segments of the reinforcing ring blank is abutted against the hole wall of the inner hole, and is spot-welded and fixed. The welding position of the reinforcing ring blank and the support plate is arranged at the arc segment, so that the elastic restoring force of the arc segment of the reinforcing ring blank can make the reinforcing ring blank abut against the hole wall of the inner hole, and false welding is avoided. The above operation is repeated to sequentially fix the other arc segments. Finally, the process allowance of the butt end of the reinforcing ring blank is cut off, and the interface butt joint and spot welding are performed, and the reinforcing ring is assembled.

[0024] By using the above reinforcing ring assembling process to assemble the reinforcing ring, the relative position of the reinforcing ring and the inner hole of the support plate meets the design requirement, and the reinforcing ring abuts against the hole wall of the inner hole, so that the welding is firm and the connection strength is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0026] Figure 1 The structure schematic diagram of the gondola car end wall support in the related art is shown.

[0027] Figure 2 The structure schematic diagram of the reinforcing ring outside assembly line in the related art is shown.

[0028] Figure 3 The structure schematic diagram of the reinforcing ring blank obtained by the reinforcing ring assembling process provided by one or more embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0029] Figure 4 The structure schematic diagram of the reinforcing ring blank limited by the limiting piece in the reinforcing ring assembling process provided by one or more embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0030] Figure 5 The structure schematic diagram of the reinforcing ring obtained by the reinforcing ring assembling process provided by one or more embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0031] Figure 6A structure diagram of the reinforcing ring blank after the cutting process is shown in the reinforcing ring assembly process provided by some embodiments of the present application.

[0032] Figure 7 A process flow of the hopper car end wall support assembly method provided by one or more embodiments of the present application is shown Figure 1 .

[0033] Figure 8 A process flow of the hopper car end wall support assembly method provided by one or more embodiments of the present application is shown Figure 2 .

[0034] Figure 9 A process flow of the hopper car end wall support assembly method provided by one or more embodiments of the present application is shown Figure 3 .

[0035] Figure 10 A-A sectional view of Figure 9 is shown.

[0036] Figure 11 A structure diagram of the limiting piece of the assembly device provided by one or more embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0037] Figure 12 A structure diagram of the turnover clamping device of the assembly device provided by one or more embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0038] Figure 13 A structure diagram of the rotary arm type spiral clamping device of the assembly device provided by one or more embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0039] Figure 14 A structure diagram of the quick clamping device of the assembly device provided by one or more embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0040] Figure 15 A structure diagram of the crowbar of the assembly device provided by one or more embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0041] Figure 16 An operation diagram of the crowbar of Figure 15 is shown.

[0042] Explanation of reference signs: 10 - hopper car end wall support; 11 - support plate, 111 - inner hole, 1111 - hole wall; 12 - support column; 13 - reinforcing ring, 13a - reinforcing ring blank, 131 - butt end, 132 - straight section, 133 - arc section, 134 - outer annular surface, 135 - inner annular surface, 136 - process allowance, 137 - assembly line; 21 - workbench; 22 - limiting piece, 221 - first limiting surface, 222 - second limiting surface; 23 - first positioning piece, 231 - first positioning block; 24 - second positioning piece, 241 - second positioning block; 25 - support block; 26 - pressing piece; 26a - turnover clamping device, 261a - handle, 262a - clamping part; 26b - rotary arm type screw clamping device, 261b - rotary arm, 262b - pressing rod; 26c - quick clamping device, 261c - support, 262c - clamping arm, 263c - spring; 30 - crowbar, 31 - first action arm, 32 - second action arm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order for those skilled in the art to which the present application pertains to have a clearer understanding of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0044] In addition, reference numbers and / or reference letters can be repeated in different examples in the present application, and such repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, and does not indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed per se. In addition, the present application provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but those of ordinary skill in the art can realize the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 1 In the related art, the assembly process of the hopper car end wall support 10 is as follows: (1) making the reinforcing ring 13: bending the base material into a shape, welding and fixing the two ends to form the reinforcing ring 13. (2) reinforcing ring 13 assembly: first draw assembly line 137 on the outside of the reinforcing ring 13, as shown in Figure 2 , and then point weld it with the support plate 11. The assembly line 137 has two lines, which correspond to the positions of the upper surface and the lower surface of the support plate 11 on the reinforcing ring 13 after the reinforcing ring 13 is assembled with the support plate 11. (3) support column 12 assembly: draw a line on the support plate 11 to show the installation position of the support column 12, place the support column 12 at the drawn line, and then point weld it with the support plate 11 after determining the relative position.

[0046] Due to the gondola car end wall support assembly process of the related art, the base material is first bent and welded into a ring to form a complete reinforcing ring 13, and then the reinforcing ring 13 is spot-welded and fixed with the support plate 11. When the reinforcing ring 13 is spot-welded with the support plate 11, a certain deformation occurs, which causes the local deformation of the reinforcing ring 13 to be serious, and a large gap exists between the reinforcing ring 13 and the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11, further causing the welding quality of the reinforcing ring 13 and the support plate 11 to be poor in the subsequent welding process. In addition, since the position for assembling the reinforcing ring 13 and the support plate 11 is the assembly line 137 drawn on the outside of the reinforcing ring 13, on the one hand, it is difficult to draw the line on the outside of the reinforcing ring 13, it is difficult to ensure that the assembly line 137 is located in the same plane, and it is also difficult to ensure that the assembly line 137 is centered with the theoretical position of the support plate 11 (located at the middle position of the reinforcing ring 13); on the other hand, it is difficult to align the reinforcing ring 13 and the support plate 11 during assembly, that is, even if the position accuracy of the assembly line 137 is high, the relative position of the reinforcing ring 13 and the support plate 11 during alignment assembly may deviate from the drawn position. The above two reasons together cause the size error of the gondola car end wall support 10 after assembly to be large, and the assembly efficiency is low.

[0047] The specific technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings which are not necessarily drawn to scale. Similar or identical reference numerals can be used to designate the same or similar parts in different drawings. The use of similar or identical reference numerals in different drawings does not mean that all drawings including similar or identical reference numerals constitute a single or same embodiment. The drawings generally illustrate various embodiments discussed in the present application by way of example rather than limitation.

[0048] The first aspect embodiment of the present application provides a reinforcing ring assembly process for assembling the reinforcing ring 13 in the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11 of the gondola car end wall support 10. The reinforcing ring assembly process includes the following steps:

[0049] (1) Bend the base material to form a reinforcing ring blank 13a.

[0050] Referring to Figure 3 , the shape of the reinforcing ring blank 13a obtained in step (1) is the same as the shape of the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11, both of which include a plurality of straight line segments 132 and a plurality of arc line segments 133 arranged alternately. Taking the reinforcing ring blank 13a shown in Figure 3 as an example, the reinforcing ring blank 13a is approximately quadrangular and has four straight line segments 132. The number of arc line segments 133 between the two adjacent straight line segments 132 is also four.

[0051] The overall shape of the reinforcement ring blank 13a is annular, but the two ends of the reinforcement ring blank 13a are not connected, and the overall structure is still open. The base material is in the shape of a long strip, and the width and thickness of the base material are the same as the design width and design thickness of the reinforcement ring 13, and the length of the base material is greater than the design length of the reinforcement ring 13, so that the reinforcement ring blank 13a has a process allowance 136, and the two butt ends 131 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a are arranged in an overlapping manner.

[0052] Based on the shape of the reinforcement ring blank 13a, the butt end 131 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a can be arranged in the straight line segment 132 or the arc line segment 133. Please refer to Figure 3 In some embodiments, the butt end 131 of the reinforcement ring blank is located on one of the straight line segments 132, which can ensure that the butt ends 131 can be relatively tightly attached after being overlapped, which is beneficial for subsequent spot welding and welding operations.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 3 In some embodiments, the butt end 131 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a is located at the middle position of the straight line segment 132 with the maximum length. The operation space at this position is relatively sufficient, which is convenient for subsequent step (4) to cut off the process allowance 136 and the interface butt joint.

[0054] (2) Put the reinforcement ring blank 13a into the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11.

[0055] Step (2) is mainly to ensure that the relative positional relationship between the reinforcement ring blank 13a and the support plate 11 meets the design requirements, specifically: the straight line segment 132 and the arc line segment 133 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a are respectively positioned corresponding to the straight line segment 132 and the arc line segment 133 of the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11, so that each segment of the reinforcement ring blank 13a is attached to the hole wall 1111 of the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11; at the same time, in the width direction of the reinforcement ring blank 13a (when assembled, the support plate 11 is placed horizontally, and the width direction of the reinforcement ring blank 13a is the vertical direction, referred to as Z direction), the support plate 11 is located at the middle of the reinforcement ring blank 13a, that is, the part of the reinforcement ring blank 13a attached to the hole wall 1111 of the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11 is located at the middle of the reinforcement ring blank 13a.

[0056] Since the reinforcement ring blank 13a is an open structure, when there is a shape error between the reinforcement ring blank 13a and the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11, the reinforcement ring blank 13a can adaptively deform according to the shape of the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11, so that the reinforcement ring blank 13a is attached to the hole wall 1111 of the inner hole 111.

[0057] In some embodiments, step (2) specifically comprises: placing the reinforcement ring blank 13a into the inner hole 111 and resting on the limiting member 22 arranged below the support plate 11. The horizontal position and vertical position of the reinforcement ring blank 13a are limited by the limiting member 22, so that the reinforcement ring blank 13a is in close contact with the hole wall 1111 of the inner hole 111, and the hole wall 1111 of the inner hole 111 is located at the middle position of the reinforcement ring blank 13a in the height direction.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 The structure diagram of the reinforcement ring blank 13a limited by the limiting member 22 is shown. The limiting member 22 is provided with a first limiting surface 221 extending in the horizontal direction and a second limiting surface 222 extending in the vertical direction. The first limiting surface 221 is used to support the reinforcement ring blank 13a, so that the part of the reinforcement ring blank 13a in close contact with the hole wall 1111 of the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11 is located at the middle of the reinforcement ring blank 13a. The second limiting surface 222 is in close contact with the inner annular surface 135 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a, and the second limiting surface 222 applies a force to the reinforcement ring blank 13a towards the hole wall 1111 of the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11, so that the outer annular surface 134 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a is in close contact with the hole wall 1111 of the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11.

[0059] The limiting member 22 can be provided in plurality, and the plurality of limiting members 22 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the reinforcement ring blank 13a. The arcuate segment 133 and the straight segment 132 with longer length of the reinforcement ring blank 13a both need to be provided with the limiting member 22. The limiting member 22 can also be a monolithic structure with a plurality of first limiting surfaces 221 and a plurality of second limiting surfaces 222. The specific structure of the limiting member 22 is not limited in the present application.

[0060] (3) One of the arcuate segments 133 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a is abutted against the hole wall 1111 of the inner hole 111 and is fixed by spot welding. The above operation is repeated to sequentially fix the other arcuate segments 133.

[0061] The spot welding position of the reinforcement ring blank 13a and the support plate 11 is the arcuate segment 133 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a, which can utilize the elastic restoring force of the arcuate segment 133 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a to make the reinforcement ring blank 13a abut against the hole wall 1111 of the inner hole 111, avoiding false welding. The arcuate segments 133 are sequentially fixed by spot welding, and since the two butt ends 131 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a are not connected, the welding deformation of the arcuate segments 133 during spot welding can be gradually released.

[0062] In step (3), when the reinforcement ring blank 13a is spot welded with the support plate 11, the lever 30 can be used to assist welding. Please refer to Figure 15 and Figure 16, the lever 30 is arranged obliquely relative to the reinforcement ring blank 13a, such that the first action arm 31 and the second action arm 32 of the lever 30 are in contact with the inner annular surface 135 and the outer annular surface 134 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a respectively. When the lever 30 is rotated in the direction towards the outer annular surface 134 (as indicated by the rotating arrow a in Figure 16 ), the first action arm 31 and the second action arm 32 will exert a torque on the reinforcement ring blank 13a. The torque causes the first action arm 31 to abut against the inner annular surface 135 and to exert a force F (the force exerting direction of the force F is indicated by the straight arrow in Figure 16 ) on the reinforcement ring blank 13a towards the support plate 11, so that the part of the reinforcement ring blank 13a in contact with the first action arm 31 is more closely fitted to the hole wall 1111 of the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11. It is equivalent to that the reinforcement ring blank 13a is forced to elastically deform towards the support plate 11 by the lever 30, further reducing the gap between the reinforcement ring blank 13a and the hole wall 1111 of the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11, thereby improving the welding quality.

[0063] (4) The process allowance 136 of the butt joint end 131 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a is cut off, and the interface is butt jointed and spot welded; the reinforcement ring 13 is assembled.

[0064] After the reinforcement ring blank 13a is spot welded and fixed to the support plate 11, the process allowance 136 of the butt joint end 131 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a is cut off. The overlapping part of the butt joint end 131 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a can be cut off by using a plasma cutting device, a laser cutting device, etc., so that the end faces of the two butt joint ends 131 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a are fitted and spot welded, as shown in Figure 5 . The reinforcement ring 13 is assembled.

[0065] Please refer to Figure 6 , in some embodiments, after the process allowance 136 of the butt joint end 131 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a is cut off, the end faces of the two butt joint ends 131 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a have a certain gap H, for example, H≤10mm. It is only necessary to ensure that the two butt joint ends 131 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a can be fixed together by spot welding. By setting the gap H, the thermal deformation caused by welding can be released in the subsequent welding process of the reinforcement ring 13 and the support plate 11. In the subsequent welding process, the gap H will be reduced, and the residual gap can be filled by welding material, so that the reinforcement ring 13 forms a complete closed ring structure.

[0066] According to the reinforcement ring assembly process provided by one or more embodiments of the present application, the base material is first bent into shape to obtain a reinforcement ring blank 13a. The two butt ends 131 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a are overlapped but not connected, so as to facilitate the release of welding deformation in the subsequent welding step. The reinforcement ring blank 13a is then placed in the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11, and one of the arc segments 133 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a is pressed against the hole wall 1111 of the inner hole 111 and fixed by spot welding. The welding position of the reinforcement ring blank 13a and the support plate 11 is set at the arc segment 133, and the elastic restoring force of the arc segment 133 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a can be used to make the reinforcement ring blank 13a press against the hole wall 1111 of the inner hole 111 to avoid cold welding. Repeat the above operation and fix the other arc segments 133 in sequence. Finally, the process allowance 136 of the butt end 131 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a is cut off, and the interface is docked and spot welded, and the reinforcement ring 13 is assembled.

[0067] The reinforcing ring 13 is assembled using the aforementioned reinforcing ring assembly process. After forming, the reinforcing ring 13 is not butt-welded. Instead, a process margin 136 is retained for final butt-welding. This reinforcing ring assembly process avoids assembly inconveniences caused by shape errors between the reinforcing ring 13 and the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11, while ensuring an assembly clearance between the reinforcing ring 13 and the support plate 11. This ensures high assembly quality and efficiency for the reinforcing ring 13. The relative position of the reinforcing ring 13 and the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11 meets design requirements, and the reinforcing ring 13 abuts against the hole wall 1111 of the inner hole 111, resulting in a secure weld and high connection strength.

[0068] See also Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 The second embodiment of the present application provides a method for assembling a hopper car end wall support 10, comprising the following steps: (1) loading and positioning the support column 12; (2) loading and positioning the support plate 11, with the support plate 11 being placed above the support column 12; (3) spot welding the support column 12 and the support plate 11; (4) assembling the reinforcement ring 13 according to the reinforcement ring assembly process of the first aspect; (5) the assembly of the hopper car end wall support 10 is completed.

[0069] When assembling the hopper car end wall support 10, first load the support column 12 and position and fix it. Figure 7 In some embodiments, step (1) specifically includes placing the support column 12 on the workbench 21 and locking it in the first positioning member 23, wherein the first positioning member 23 limits the horizontal position of the support column 12. The first positioning member 23 may include a plurality of first positioning blocks 231 distributed at intervals, and the plurality of first positioning blocks 231 are distributed at least on the inner side and end of the support column 12.

[0070] The step (2) specifically comprises: placing the support plate 11 on the support column 12 and the support block 25 arranged on the workbench 21, and clamping in the second positioning member 24, the second positioning member 24 limiting the horizontal position of the support plate 11. The support column 12, the support block 25 and the pressing member 26 jointly limit the vertical position of the support plate 11 by pressing the support plate 11.

[0071] Since the reinforcing ring 13 needs to be installed on the support plate 11, the support column 12 is installed first, and then the support plate 11 is installed, so that the support plate 11 is placed on the support column 12, and a gap is provided between the support plate 11 and the workbench 21 to provide installation space for the reinforcing ring 13. Please refer to Figure 8 In some embodiments, the height of the support block 25 is the same as the height of the support column 12, and the support column 12 can cooperate with the support block 25 to support the support plate 11, thereby reducing the number of support blocks 25.

[0072] The support column 12 and the support block 25 support the support plate 11 from below, and the pressing member 26 presses the support plate 11 from above, so that the support column 12, the support block 25 and the pressing member 26 jointly limit the vertical position of the support plate 11. In some embodiments, the pressing member 26 comprises a plurality of spaced-apart clamping devices, and the plurality of clamping devices are distributed on the side edges of the support plate 11 and in the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11. The specific structure of the clamping device can adopt the clamp in the prior art, and the specific structure is not limited in the present application.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 8 In some embodiments, the second positioning member 24 comprises a plurality of second positioning blocks 241, the height of the second positioning block 241 is greater than the height of the gondola car end wall support 10, and the end of the second positioning block 241 is higher than the upper surface of the support plate 11 after the support plate 11 is placed. The plurality of second positioning blocks 241 are distributed on the side edges of the support plate 11 except the side edges connected with the support column 12. The side edges of the support plate 11 for connecting the support column 12 are not provided with the second positioning block 241, so as to provide operation space for the spot welding of the support column 12 and the support plate 11 in step (3).

[0074] In some embodiments, the step (5) specifically comprises: loosening the pressing member 26, and taking out the gondola car end wall support 10, and the gondola car end wall support 10 is assembled.

[0075] The assembly method for the hopper car end wall support 10 provided in one or more embodiments fully utilizes the product structure for positioning design. The overall height support is based on the support column 12. The support column 12 not only supports the support plate 11, but also completes the assembly of the support column 12 and the support plate 11, reducing the number of support blocks 25. The reinforcement ring 13 is positioned using the limiter 22, which not only supports the reinforcement ring 13 but also ensures the relative position of the reinforcement ring 13 and the support plate 11.

[0076] The third embodiment of the present application provides an assembly device, which is applied to the assembly method of the hopper car end wall support 10 in the second aspect. Figure 9 and Figure 10 The assembly device includes a workbench 21, a limiting member 22, a first positioning member 23, a second positioning member 24, a support block 25, and a pressing member 26. The limiting member 22, the first positioning member 23, the second positioning member 24, the support block 25, and the pressing member 26 are respectively connected to the workbench 21, and can be connected by snaps, fasteners, or magnetic attraction.

[0077] The limiting member 22 limits the horizontal and vertical positions of the reinforcing ring 13 so that the support plate 11 is located in the middle position of the reinforcing ring 13 in the height direction. Figure 11 In some embodiments, the limiting member 22 is provided with a first limiting surface 221 extending in the horizontal direction and a second limiting surface 222 extending in the vertical direction. Figure 4 The first limiting surface 221 is used to support the reinforcement ring blank 13a, so that the portion where the reinforcement ring blank 13a contacts the hole wall 1111 of the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11 is located in the center of the reinforcement ring blank 13a. The second limiting surface 222 contacts the inner annular surface 135 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a. The second limiting surface 222 applies a force to the reinforcement ring blank 13a toward the hole wall 1111 of the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11, so that the outer annular surface 134 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a contacts the hole wall 1111 of the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11.

[0078] Multiple stoppers 22 can be provided, spaced apart along the circumference of the reinforcement ring blank 13a. Stoppers 22 are required for both the arc segments 133 and the longer straight segments 132 of the reinforcement ring blank 13a. The stoppers 22 can also be a monolithic structure, having multiple first stopper surfaces 221 and multiple second stopper surfaces 222. The specific structure of the stoppers 22 is not limited in this application.

[0079] See also Figure 11Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting member 22 in some embodiments. The limiting member 22 is a stepped structure, the stepped surface serving as the first limiting surface 221, and the vertical surface of the stepped structure serving as the second limiting surface 222. The limiting member 22 can be in the form of a long strip or an arc according to its location. The long strip-shaped limiting member 22 is located on the straight section 132 of the reinforcing ring blank 13a, and the arc-shaped limiting member 22 is located on the arc section 133 of the reinforcing ring blank 13a.

[0080] The first positioning member 23 abuts against the circumferential side of the support column 12, for limiting the horizontal position of the support column 12. Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 In some embodiments, the first positioning member 23 can include a plurality of first positioning blocks 231 distributed at intervals. The plurality of first positioning blocks 231 are distributed on the inner side, the outer side, and the end of the support column 12. In the gondola car end wall support 10, the length direction end of the support column 12 is the end, the surface of the support column 12 abutting against the support plate 11 is the top surface, the surface opposite to the top surface is the bottom surface, and the remaining two surfaces are the inner side surface and the outer side surface, wherein the inner side surface is the surface covered by the support plate 11, and the outer side surface is the surface facing outward. The plurality of first positioning blocks 231 are distributed on the inner side, the outer side, and the end of the support column 12, and the first positioning blocks 231 abut against the inner side surface, the outer side surface, and the end of the support column 12. The height of the first positioning blocks 231 on the outer side and the inner side of the support column 12 is less than the height of the support column 12, and does not affect the spot welding operation of the support column 12 and the support plate 11.

[0081] In some embodiments, one first positioning block 231 can be arranged on the outer side of the support column 12, and two first positioning blocks 231 can be arranged on the inner side of the support column 12. The first positioning blocks 231 on the outer side and the inner side of the support column 12 are distributed in a staggered manner along the length direction of the support column 12, and jointly limit the horizontal position of the support column 12.

[0082] The second positioning member 24 abuts against the circumferential side of the support plate 11, for limiting the horizontal position of the support plate 11. Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 In some embodiments, the second positioning member 24 includes a plurality of second positioning blocks 241 distributed at intervals. The height of the second positioning blocks 241 is greater than the height of the gondola car end wall support 10, and the end of the second positioning blocks 241 is higher than the upper surface of the support plate 11 after the support plate 11 is placed. The plurality of second positioning blocks 241 are distributed on the side edges of the support plate 11 except the side edge connected with the support column 12. The side edge of the support plate 11 for connecting the support column 12 is not provided with the second positioning blocks 241, so as to provide operation space for the spot welding of the support column 12 and the support plate 11.

[0083] In some embodiments, the first positioning block 231 at the end of the support column 12 has a height greater than that of the hopper car end wall support 10, i.e. the first positioning block 231 is in abutment with both the support column 12 and the support plate 11, and the first positioning block 231 can simultaneously serve as the second positioning block 241.

[0084] The support block 25 is arranged below the support plate 11 and in abutment with the lower surface of the support plate 11. Please refer to Figure 8 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 In some embodiments, the height of the support block 25 is the same as that of the support column 12, and the support column 12 can cooperate with the support block 25 to support the support plate 11, and the support column 12 serves as the support block 25, thereby reducing the number of support blocks 25. The height of the support block 25 and the height of the support column 12 are greater than half the width of the reinforcing ring 13, and when the support plate 11 is placed on the support column 12 and the support block 25, there is sufficient clearance between the support plate 11 and the workbench 21 to provide installation space for the reinforcing ring 13.

[0085] The pressing member 26 is in abutment with the upper surface of the support plate 11 to cooperatively limit the vertical position of the support plate 11 with the support block 25. The support column 12 and the support block 25 support the support plate 11 from below, and the pressing member 26 presses the support plate 11 from above, so that the support column 12, the support block 25 and the pressing member 26 cooperatively limit the vertical position of the support plate 11. In some embodiments, the pressing member 26 includes a plurality of spaced-apart clamping devices, and the plurality of clamping devices are distributed on the side edges of the support plate 11 and in the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11. The specific structure of the clamping device can adopt the existing clamp, and the specific structure is not limited in the present application. The positions of the clamping devices are staggered with the spot welding positions of the support plate 11 and the support column 12, and the spot welding positions of the support plate 11 and the reinforcing ring 13, so as to avoid interference of the clamping devices with the spot welding operation.

[0086] In some embodiments, the pressing member 26 is a flip clamping device 26a, a rotary arm screw clamping device 26b or a quick clamping device 26c. Please refer to Figure 12 , which shows a structural schematic diagram of the flip clamping device 26a in some embodiments. The flip clamping device 26a has a handle 261a and a clamping portion 262a, and the handle 261a drives the clamping portion 262a to flip. When the handle 261a rotates towards the direction of the support plate 11, the clamping portion 262a rotates downward and presses the support plate 11.

[0087] Please refer to Figure 13, shows the structural schematic diagram of the rotary arm type screw clamping device 26b in some embodiments, which includes a rotary arm 261b and a pressing rod 262b threadedly matched with the rotary arm 261b. When the support plate 11 needs to be clamped, the rotary arm 261b is rotated above the support plate 11, and the pressing rod 262b is screwed down, so that the pressing rod 262b can press the support plate 11. When the pressing rod 262b is loosened and has a certain gap with the support plate 11, the rotary arm 261b can be rotated to the outside of the support plate 11 and will not interfere with the taking and placing of the support plate 11.

[0088] Please refer to Figure 14 , shows the structural schematic diagram of the quick clamping device 26c in some embodiments, which is built-in spring 263c, including bracket 261c, clamping arm 262c and spring 263c, the pressing rod 262b is movably connected with the bracket 261c, and the two ends of the spring 263c act on the clamping arm 262c and the bracket 261c respectively. When the clamping arm 262c is pulled up, the clamping arm 262c acts on the spring 263c, so that the spring 263c is elastically deformed (stretched or compressed), and when the clamping arm 262c is released, the clamping arm 262c is pressed against the support plate 11 under the elastic force of the spring 263c.

[0089] By clamping the support plate 11 by the pressing piece 26, the product can be easily demolded after assembly, and the production efficiency is improved.

[0090] Please refer to Figure 15 , in some embodiments, the assembly device further comprises a crowbar 30. The crowbar 30 is F-shaped, including a first acting arm 31 and a second acting arm 32 arranged in parallel. The first acting arm 31 is in contact with the inner annular surface 135 of the reinforcing ring blank 13a, and the second acting arm 32 is in contact with the outer annular surface 134 of the reinforcing ring blank 13a, wherein the first acting arm 31 is close to the welding position of the reinforcing ring blank 13a and the support plate 11.

[0091] Please refer to Figure 16 , when the reinforcing ring blank 13a is spot welded with the support plate 11, the crowbar 30 is arranged obliquely relative to the reinforcing ring blank 13a, so that the first acting arm 31 and the second acting arm 32 of the crowbar 30 are in contact with the inner annular surface 135 and the outer annular surface 134 of the reinforcing ring blank 13a respectively. Rotate the crowbar 30 in the direction of the outer annular surface 134 (as shown by the rotating arrow a in Figure 16 , the first acting arm 31 and the second acting arm 32 will exert a torque on the reinforcing ring blank 13a. The torque makes the first acting arm 31 abut against the inner annular surface 135 and exerts a force F on the reinforcing ring blank 13a towards the support plate 11 (the force direction of the force F is as shown by the arrow b in Figure 16The lever 30 is used to force the reinforcing ring blank 13a to deform elastically in the direction of being closer to the support plate 11, so as to make the position of the reinforcing ring blank 13a in contact with the first acting arm 31 more close to the hole wall 1111 of the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11, thereby further reducing the gap between the reinforcing ring blank 13a and the hole wall 1111 of the inner hole 111 of the support plate 11, and improving the welding quality.

[0092] In the fourth aspect of the present application, a hopper car end wall support 10 is provided, which is assembled by the hopper car end wall support 10 assembling method of the second aspect of the present application. The hopper car end wall support 10 has high product size precision, high production efficiency and low manufacturing cost. The overall structure of the hopper car end wall support 10 is shown in Figure 1 The specific structural features are not described here again.

[0093] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature, which can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the first feature "on", "above" and "over" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only means that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "under", "below" and "under" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or only means that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0094] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0095] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, motion condition and the like between components in a certain posture, and if the certain posture changes, the directional indications also change accordingly.

[0096] In the present application, unless specifically defined otherwise, the terms "connected", "fixed", and the like should be construed broadly and do not necessarily denote a direct connection, but can also mean an indirect connection or an interaction in between. Unless otherwise specifically defined, the terms "connected" and "fixed" can mean a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection of two elements or an interaction between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.

[0097] In addition, the descriptions such as "first", "second" and the like in the present application are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the technical features indicated, or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0098] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present application, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in the present application.

[0099] In addition, the technical solutions of various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that a person skilled in the art can realize it, when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or cannot be realized, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, nor within the scope of protection claimed by the present application.

[0100] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of the present application, the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A reinforcement ring assembly process for assembling a reinforcement ring into an inner hole of a support plate of a hopper car end wall support, characterized in that: The reinforcement ring assembly process includes the following steps: (1) The base material is bent and formed to obtain a reinforcement ring blank; the reinforcement ring blank is annular and has the same shape as the inner hole, and both include a plurality of straight segments and a plurality of arc segments arranged alternately; the length of the base material is greater than the designed length of the reinforcement ring, and the two butt ends of the reinforcement ring blank are arranged to overlap; (2) placing the reinforcement ring blank into the inner hole; (3) pressing one of the arc segments of the reinforcement ring blank against the wall of the inner hole and fixing it by spot welding; repeating the above operation to fix the other arc segments in sequence; (4) The process allowance of the butt end of the reinforcement ring blank is cut off, and the interface is butted and spot welded; the reinforcement ring is assembled.

2. The reinforcement ring assembly process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step (2) specifically includes: The reinforcement ring blank is placed in the inner hole and placed on a limit piece provided below the support plate; the limit piece limits the horizontal position and vertical position of the reinforcement ring blank so that the reinforcement ring blank fits with the hole wall of the inner hole, and the hole wall of the inner hole is located in the middle position of the reinforcement ring blank in the height direction.

3. The reinforcement ring assembly process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The butt end of the reinforcement ring blank is located on one of the straight line segments.

4. The reinforcement ring assembly process according to claim 3, characterized in that: The butt end of the reinforcement ring blank is located in the middle of the straight line segment with the longest length.

5. A method for assembling a hopper car end wall support member, wherein the hopper car end wall support member comprises a support plate, a support column and a reinforcement ring connected to the support plate; characterized in that: The hopper car end wall support assembly method comprises the following steps: (1) Loading, positioning and fixing the support column; (2) loading and positioning the support plate, and placing the support plate above the support column; (3) spot welding the support column and the support plate; (4) Assembling the reinforcement ring according to the reinforcement ring assembly process according to any one of claims 1 to 4; (5) The hopper car end wall support is assembled.

6. The assembling method of the hopper car end wall support according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step (1) specifically includes: The support column is placed on a workbench and clamped in a first positioning member, which limits the horizontal position of the support column.

7. The assembling method of the hopper car end wall support according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The step (2) specifically includes: The support plate is placed on the support column and the support block provided on the workbench, and is clamped in the second positioning member, and the support plate is pressed by a pressing member; the second positioning member limits the horizontal position of the support plate; the support column, the support block and the pressing member jointly limit the vertical position of the support plate; The step (5) specifically includes: loosening the pressing piece, taking out the hopper car end wall support, and the hopper car end wall support is assembled.

8. An assembly device, characterized in that: The hopper car end wall support assembly method applied to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the assembly device comprises: Workbench; a limiting member connected to the workbench, wherein the limiting member limits the horizontal position and the vertical position of the reinforcement ring blank so that the support plate is located in the middle position of the reinforcement ring blank in the height direction; a first positioning member connected to the workbench, wherein the first positioning member abuts against a peripheral side of the support column to limit a horizontal position of the support column; a second positioning member connected to the workbench, the second positioning member abutting against a peripheral side of the support plate to limit a horizontal position of the support plate; a support block connected to the workbench, the support block being disposed below the support plate and abutting against the lower surface of the support plate; and A pressing piece is connected to the workbench, and the pressing piece abuts against the upper surface of the support plate to jointly limit the vertical position of the support plate with the support block.

9. The assembly device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The limiting member is provided with a first limiting surface extending in the horizontal direction and a second limiting surface extending in the vertical direction. The first limiting surface is used to support the reinforcement ring blank, and the second limiting surface is in contact with the inner annular surface of the reinforcement ring blank.

10. The assembly device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first positioning member includes a plurality of first positioning blocks distributed at intervals, and the plurality of first positioning blocks are distributed on the inner side, the outer side and the end of the support column.

11. The assembly device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second positioning member includes a plurality of second positioning blocks distributed at intervals, and the plurality of second positioning blocks are distributed on other side edges of the support plate except the side edges connected to the support columns; the height of the second positioning blocks is greater than the height of the hopper car end wall support member.

12. The assembly device according to claim 8, characterized in that The height of the support block is the same as that of the support column.

13. The assembly device according to claim 8, characterized in that The pressing piece includes a plurality of clamping devices distributed at intervals; the plurality of clamping devices are distributed on the side of the support plate and in the inner hole of the support plate.

14. The assembly device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The pressing piece is a flip-type clamping device, a rotating arm type screw clamping device or a quick clamping device.

15. The assembly device according to any one of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that: The assembly device also includes a crowbar; the crowbar is F-shaped, including a first action arm and a second action arm arranged in parallel; the first action arm and the second action arm are in contact with the inner annular surface and the outer annular surface of the reinforcement ring blank respectively; the first action arm is close to the welding point between the reinforcement ring blank and the support plate.

16. A hopper car end wall support, characterized in that: The hopper car end wall support is assembled by the hopper car end wall support assembly method according to any one of claims 4 to 7.

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