Non-embrittled PVC automotive interior leather and method for producing the same

Abstract

The application discloses a non-weakening PVC automobile interior leather and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of automobile interiors. The non-weakening PVC automobile interior leather is composed of a surface layer, a surface layer, a foaming layer, a bonding layer and a polyester lining fabric which are sequentially stacked; the grammage of the bonding layer is 160-190 g / m 2 , and is obtained through curing and molding of a bonding layer slurry; according to weight fractions, the bonding layer slurry comprises 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a polymerization degree of 1500-1800, 80-90 parts of a plasticizer and 1-5 parts of a stabilizer; at least part of the bonding layer is cured in the polyester lining fabric, and the tensile strength of the polyester lining fabric is less than or equal to 100 N / cm. The application can meet the non-weakening explosion requirements of the PVC automobile interior leather at normal temperature, low temperature and high temperature.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a kind of weakening-free PVC automotive interior leather and its preparation method, belong to automotive interior technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] Interior is a very important component of automobile, usually need to withstand high and low temperature change, humidity change, even ultraviolet radiation and so on, therefore, higher requirements are put forward to weather resistance. Some special parts, such as instrument panel, also put forward higher requirements to safety.

[0003] In order to respond to the changes of the above requirements, the manufacturing process of interior leather is constantly upgrading, forming high-end technology such as laser weakening process. Laser weakening process acts on the surface of leather by high-energy laser beam in the form of fixed frequency pulse, so that the material at the focal point rapidly absorbs laser energy and vaporizes, forming a series of small holes that penetrate or do not penetrate, which can meet the requirements of surface appearance and integrity after processing, and can preferentially break when subjected to external impact in the part where the safety air bag is set, thereby meeting the safety requirements.

[0004] Although laser weakening process has many advantages, the existence of weakening line affects the appearance and the processing cost is high, therefore, PVC interior leather is still developing towards weakening-free process. The existing research aims at the shortcoming of hard PVC texture, and expects to achieve weakening-free requirement by adjusting the addition amount of plasticizer (improve flexibility) and foaming agent (lightweight). But PVC automotive interior leather needs to meet the application needs from low temperature to high temperature complex environment, although adjusting the addition amount of plasticizer and foaming agent improves the weakening-free blasting performance to some extent, but there are still problems of unstable blasting, especially in high temperature (such as 85 DEG C) and low temperature (such as-30 DEG C) conditions, there are blasting difficulties (reflected in mechanical properties, unable to meet the requirements of low temperature tear strength ≤40N, high temperature peeling strength N ≥10N / cm), and the fragments splashing exceeds the standard (the total weight of splashing exceeds 2g and / or single splashing exceeds 0.5g) and so on. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application proposes a weakening-free PVC automotive interior leather and its preparation method to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, which can meet the weakening-free blasting requirements of PVC automotive interior leather from low temperature-35 DEG C to room temperature 23 DEG C to high temperature 85 DEG C, and the safety air bag can be successfully blasted under the above different temperature conditions.

[0006] The first aspect of the present application relates to a weakening-free PVC automotive interior leather, which is composed of a surface layer, a surface layer, a foaming layer, an adhesive layer and a polyester lining fabric arranged in sequence.

[0007] The grammage of the adhesive layer is 160-190 g / m 2The adhesive layer is obtained by curing and molding the adhesive layer slurry; the adhesive layer slurry comprises, in parts by weight, 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a polymerization degree of 1500-1800, 80-90 parts of plasticizer, and 1-5 parts of stabilizer.

[0008] At least part of the adhesive layer is cured in the polyester lining cloth, and the tensile strength of the polyester lining cloth is less than or equal to 100 N / cm.

[0009] Through the research of the inventor, it is found that the grammage of the adhesive layer, the content of the plasticizer in the adhesive layer, and the combination of the adhesive layer and the lining cloth all affect the weakening explosion:

[0010] For the grammage of the adhesive layer, increasing the grammage to a certain extent can significantly improve the peeling strength and reduce the explosion splashing, but too high grammage will cause the product to become thick, hard, and have a reduced elongation;

[0011] As for the plasticizer, the more the plasticizer, the softer the product, and the better the daily use experience, and correspondingly, the effective PVC paste resin content for improving the peeling strength is reduced, and the peeling strength of the adhesive layer and the tear strength of the lining cloth are smaller, and the smaller tear strength is more prone to explosion, but the reduction of the peeling strength is not conducive to explosion under the set explosion conditions;

[0012] If the adhesive layer slurry penetrates into the lining cloth, the tear strength of the lining cloth can be reduced, and the elongation of the lining cloth is also reduced, so that the lining cloth is more prone to explosion, but too low elongation will cause the air bag to fail to open normally and the fragments to exceed the standard;

[0013] The adjustment of a single or part of the factors is difficult to successfully achieve the weakening explosion, and only the organic combination of the above three factors can achieve the weakening explosion requirement of stable explosion and as little explosion splashing as possible under the set conditions.

[0014] The application also relates to a preparation method of the weakening-free PVC automobile interior leather.

[0015] First, the surface layer is arranged on the release paper, and then the foaming layer is arranged on the surface layer; then the adhesive layer slurry is coated on the foaming layer at a coating amount of 160-190 g / m 2 ; then the polyester lining cloth with a tensile strength of less than or equal to 100 N / cm is attached to the adhesive layer slurry, and then curing and molding are performed; the adhesive layer slurry comprises, in parts by weight, 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a polymerization degree of 1500-1800, 80-90 parts of plasticizer, and 1-5 parts of stabilizer.

[0016] The release paper is torn off, the surface layer is arranged on the surface layer, and the weakening-free PVC automobile interior leather is obtained.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following technical effects:

[0018] The present application achieves the requirements of non-weak PVC automobile interior leather in the temperature range from low temperature-35℃ to normal temperature 23℃ to high temperature 85℃, and the airbag can successfully explode under these temperature conditions, the total weight of splashes is ≤2g, and the single splash is ≤0.5g, by adjusting the grammage of the adhesive layer, the content of the plasticizer in the adhesive layer, and the combination of the adhesive layer and the lining. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The experimental methods not specified in the examples are carried out according to the conventional methods and conditions.

[0020] The process of preparing the non-weak PVC automobile interior leather according to the embodiments of the present application is as follows:

[0021] S1, the surface layer slurry, the foaming layer slurry and the adhesive layer slurry are respectively poured into the corresponding troughs of the PVC coating machine; the surface layer is first formed on the release paper, then the foaming layer slurry is coated on the surface layer, and the foaming layer is formed by solidification; then the adhesive layer slurry is coated on the foaming layer, and then the polyester lining with a tensile strength ≤100N / cm is attached to the adhesive layer slurry, and the semi-finished product is obtained by solidification and molding.

[0022] S2, the release paper is torn off, and the surface layer slurry is coated on the surface layer of the semi-finished product using a two-roll printing machine coating table, and the surface layer is formed by solidification to obtain the non-weak PVC automobile interior leather.

[0023] S3, the required texture and shape of the non-weak PVC automobile interior leather are given by embossing or vacuum suction texture process to meet the needs of different customers.

[0024] For the preparation of the surface layer: by weight, the surface layer slurry includes 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a degree of polymerization of 900-1250, 80-90 parts of plasticizer and 1-5 parts of stabilizer; the coating amount of the surface layer slurry is 300-350g / m 2 , and the coating temperature is 160-200℃.

[0025] For the preparation of the foaming layer: by weight, the foaming layer slurry includes 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a degree of polymerization of 900-1250, 80-90 parts of plasticizer, 1-5 parts of stabilizer and 1-3 parts of foaming agent; the coating amount of the foaming layer slurry is 250-300g / m 2 , and the coating temperature is 160-180℃.

[0026] For the preparation of the adhesive layer: by weight, the adhesive layer slurry includes 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a degree of polymerization of 1500-1800, 80-90 parts of plasticizer and 1-5 parts of stabilizer; the coating amount of the adhesive layer slurry is 160-190g / m 2The coating temperature is 160-200℃.

[0027] For the surface layer preparation: the surface layer slurry includes 100 parts of polyurethane main agent, 5-10 parts of bridging agent, 1-3 parts of defoaming agent and 1-2 parts of leveling agent by weight, the prepared surface layer can give the PVC artificial leather excellent wear resistance, light resistance and other properties; the coating temperature of the surface layer slurry is 90-160℃.

[0028] The weight represented by each part in the surface layer slurry, the surface layer slurry, the foaming layer slurry and the bonding layer slurry is consistent.

[0029] Preferably, the tensile strength of the polyester lining is 60-100 N / cm.

[0030] For some specific embodiments, the plasticizer is an ortho-phthalic plasticizer with low volatility. Preferably, the plasticizer is a linear ortho-phthalic plasticizer, and the condensate weight is ≤0.5 mg according to the requirements of DIN 75201B.

[0031] For some specific embodiments, the stabilizer is selected from at least one of metal soaps, calcium zinc, organic tin, epoxides and rare earth stabilizers, which can improve the heat resistance of the PVC automotive interior leather.

[0032] For some specific embodiments, the foaming agent is a physical foaming agent, such as acrylic microspheres.

[0033] For some specific embodiments, the polyurethane main agent is a polycarbonate polyurethane or a polyester polyurethane, the bridging agent is isocyanate, the defoaming agent is mineral oil, and the leveling agent is a siloxane leveling agent.

[0034] For some specific embodiments, the content of PVC paste resin, plasticizer and stabilizer in each layer (excluding the surface layer and the lining) is consistent, so as to obtain consistent hand feeling and physical properties.

[0035] For some specific embodiments, the polymerization degree of the PVC paste resin in the bonding layer is higher than that in the surface layer, and the polymerization degree of the PVC paste resin in the surface layer is higher than that in the PVC foaming layer. The low polymerization degree of the foaming layer basically does not affect the wear resistance physical properties of the material, which can ensure that the bonding layer and the lining have good bonding performance, and the slightly higher polymerization degree of the surface layer relative to the foaming layer can ensure that the finished product has good wear resistance.

[0036] The products in the following examples and comparative examples are subjected to heat resistance, light resistance, tensile, tear and peeling tests, and the test standards, methods and requirements are as follows:

[0037] The heat resistance test is 110℃×500h, and the ash standard is ≥4 levels.

[0038] Light resistance test refers to DIN EN ISO 105-B06, 1240 KJ, grey scale ≥ 4 levels;

[0039] Tensile test refers to ISO 8256:2004, type 3;

[0040] Tear test refers to GB / T 16578.1;

[0041] Peeling test refers to GB / T 8808, method B.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] This example relates to a non-weakening PVC automotive interior leather, the preparation process is as follows:

[0044] Preparation of the surface layer: 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a degree of polymerization of 1200, 90 parts of plasticizer phthalate, and 4 parts of calcium-zinc stabilizer are mixed uniformly to prepare the surface layer slurry; the surface layer slurry is added to a PVC coating machine, and the surface layer slurry is coated onto release paper at a coating speed of 20 m / min and a coating amount of 300 g / m 2 at 190°C, and then cured and formed to obtain the surface layer;

[0045] Preparation of the foaming layer: 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a degree of polymerization of 950, 90 parts of plasticizer phthalate, 4 parts of calcium-zinc stabilizer, and 1 part of foaming agent acrylic microspheres are mixed uniformly to prepare the foaming layer slurry; the foaming layer slurry is added to a PVC coating machine, and the foaming layer slurry is coated onto the surface layer at a coating speed of 20 m / min and a coating amount of 250 g / m 2 at 180°C, and then cured and formed to obtain the foaming layer;

[0046] Preparation of the bonding layer: 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a degree of polymerization of 1500, 90 parts of plasticizer phthalate, and 4 parts of calcium-zinc stabilizer are mixed uniformly to prepare the bonding layer slurry; the bonding layer slurry is added to a PVC coating machine, and the bonding layer slurry is coated onto the foaming layer at a coating speed of 20 m / min and a coating amount of 160 g / m 2 at 190°C, and then cured and formed to obtain the semi-finished product;

[0047] Preparation of the surface treatment layer slurry: 100 parts of polyurethane main agent, 4 parts of bridging agent isocyanate, 1 part of defoaming agent mineral oil, and 1 part of leveling agent polysiloxane are mixed uniformly to prepare the surface treatment layer slurry; the surface treatment layer slurry is coated at a coating speed of 20 m / min and a coating amount of 20 g / m 2The surface layer slurry is coated on the surface layer at a coating amount of 130 g / m

[0048] The weight represented by each part in the surface layer slurry, the surface layer slurry, the foaming layer slurry and the bonding layer slurry is consistent.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] Compared with Example 1, the difference of the present example is that the coating amount of the bonding layer is 190 g / m 2 .

[0051] Example 3

[0052] Compared with Example 1, the difference of the present example is that the polyester lining type is B type, and the tensile strength is 100 N / cm.

[0053] Comparative Example 1

[0054] Compared with Example 1, the difference of the present example is that the coating amount of the bonding layer is 130 g / m 2 .

[0055] Comparative Example 2

[0056] Compared with Example 1, the difference of the present example is that the bonding layer is hot-pressed with the lining after being completely dried.

[0057] Comparative Example 3

[0058] Compared with Example 1, the difference of the present example is that the content of the plasticizer in the surface layer, the bonding layer and the foaming layer is 100 parts by weight.

[0059] The products prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are tested, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0060] Table 1

[0061] Test item Index requirement Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Heat resistance ≥ 4 ranks 4 ranks 4 ranks 4 ranks 4 ranks 4 ranks 4 ranks Light resistance ≥ 4 ranks 4 ranks 4 ranks 4 ranks 4 ranks 4 ranks 4 ranks Elongation under load, N / 5 cm ≥20 30 20 25 40 45 36 Tensile strength at normal temperature, N / cm ≤80 60 75 80 50 45 77 Tensile strength at high temperature, N / cm ≤80 55 65 73 40 35 74 Tensile strength at low temperature, N / cm ≤100 80 90 98 70 60 85 Tear strength at normal temperature, N ≤20 18 15 20 30 35 15 Tear strength at high temperature, N ≤20 12 10 14 25 30 10 Tear strength at low temperature, N ≤40 35 30 38 38 40 31 Peel at normal temperature, N / cm ≥15 35 45 40 25 15 33 Peel at high temperature, N / cm ≥10 20 25 25 15 8 15 Peel at low temperature, N / cm ≥15 55 65 50 40 20 50 Total weight of splashes, g ≤2 0.5 0.3 0.4 1.02 3 2.5 Single splashes, g ≤0.5 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.25 0.8 0.8 Airbag opening state Normally opened, 12 o'clock direction Normally opened, 12 o'clock direction Normally opened, 12 o'clock direction Normally opened, 12 o'clock direction Not opened Normally opened, 12 o'clock direction Normally opened, 12 o'clock direction

[0062] According to the above table, compared with the coating amount of 130 g / m 2 or so of the general PVC interior leather, the coating amount of the bonding layer slurry in the present application is obviously improved, reaching 160-190 g / m 2At the coating amount, the product peeling strength is obviously enhanced, and the splashing content is obviously reduced when blasting; when the plasticizer content is too high, although it is beneficial to reduce the tearing strength, but at the same time, the peeling strength also appears to be reduced, which is not conducive to the blasting under the condition of high temperature 85℃, and reaching the indexes of total weight of splashing≤2g, single splashing≤0.5g; in addition, compared with the prior art, the lining cloth range that can be selected by the present application is wider, and the tensile strength can be up to 100N / cm, even if the lining cloth with high tensile is invaded by the adhesive layer, the tensile and elongation performance can also be effectively improved, so that the PVC interior leather can meet the requirements of weakening blasting in a wider temperature range.

[0063] It should be emphasized that: the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, not any form of limitation on the present application, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present application still belongs to the scope of the technical scheme of the present application.

Claims

1. A non-embossed PVC automotive interior leather characterized in that, It is composed of a surface layer, a surface layer, a foaming layer, an adhesive layer and a polyester lining arranged in sequence; The gram weight of the adhesive layer is 160-190 g / m 2 The adhesive layer slurry includes 100 parts of PVC paste resin with polymerization degree of 1500-1800, 80-90 parts of plasticizer and 1-5 parts of stabilizer. At least part of the adhesive layer is cured in the polyester lining, and the tensile strength of the polyester lining is ≤100 N / cm.

2. The non-stressed PVC automotive interior leather of claim 1, wherein, The surface layer comprises, by weight fraction, 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a polymerization degree of 900-1250, 80-90 parts of plasticizer and 1-5 parts of stabilizer; The foaming layer comprises, by weight fraction, 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a polymerization degree of 900-1250, 80-90 parts of plasticizer, 1-5 parts of stabilizer and 1-3 parts of foaming agent; The surface layer comprises, by weight fraction, 100 parts of polyurethane main agent, 5-10 parts of bridging agent, 1-3 parts of defoaming agent and 1-2 parts of leveling agent.

3. The non-stressed PVC automotive interior leather of claim 2, wherein, The contents of PVC paste resin, plasticizer and stabilizer in the surface layer, foaming layer and adhesive layer are consistent.

4. The non-stressed PVC automotive interior leather of claim 2, wherein, The polymerization degree of PVC paste resin in the adhesive layer is greater than that in the surface layer, and the polymerization degree of PVC paste resin in the surface layer is greater than that in the PVC foaming layer.

5. The non-stressed PVC automotive interior leather of claim 1, wherein, The tensile strength of the polyester lining is 60-100 N / cm.

6. A process for the production of a non-embossed PVC automotive interior leather, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: The surface layer is first disposed on a release paper, and then the foaming layer is disposed on the surface layer; then the bonding layer slurry is coated on the foaming layer at a coating amount of 160-190 g / m 2 2, and then the polyester lining cloth with a tensile strength of ≤100 N / cm is attached to the bonding layer slurry, and then cured and formed; The adhesive layer slurry comprises, by weight fraction, 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a polymerization degree of 1500-1800, 80-90 parts of plasticizer and 1-5 parts of stabilizer; The release paper is torn off, the surface layer is arranged on the surface layer, and the non-weakening PVC automotive interior leather is obtained.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The surface layer comprises, by weight fraction, 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a polymerization degree of 900-1250, 80-90 parts of plasticizer and 1-5 parts of stabilizer; The foaming layer comprises, by weight fraction, 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a polymerization degree of 900-1250, 80-90 parts of plasticizer, 1-5 parts of stabilizer and 1-3 parts of foaming agent; The surface layer comprises, by weight fraction, 100 parts of polyurethane main agent, 5-10 parts of bridging agent, 1-3 parts of defoaming agent and 1-2 parts of leveling agent.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The polymerization degree of PVC paste resin in the adhesive layer is greater than that in the surface layer, and the polymerization degree of PVC paste resin in the surface layer is greater than that in the PVC foaming layer.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The coating amount of the surface layer slurry is 300 to 350 g / m 2 The coating amount of the foaming layer slurry is 250 to 300 g / m 2 .

10. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The coating temperature of the surface layer is 160-200℃, the coating temperature of the foaming layer is 160-180℃, the coating temperature of the adhesive layer is 160-200℃, and the coating temperature of the surface layer is 90-160℃.