Vehicle-mounted power distribution system, vehicle-mounted power distribution method and new energy heavy truck

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted power distribution system, a vehicle-mounted power distribution method and a new energy heavy truck. The system comprises a power distribution switch, a vehicle control unit, a power battery, a battery management system, an all-in-one controller, a DC / AC inverter, a driving motor and a 220V / 380V alternating current socket. The power distribution switch is a three-gear switch and is used for selecting an alternating current voltage platform; power distribution and a 220V or 380V alternating current switch are closed; the vehicle control unit is used for signal monitoring and signal receiving and transmitting. The battery management system is used for monitoring battery states; the all-in-one controller is used for distributing electric energy; high-voltage direct current of a power battery can be effectively converted into needed alternating current through the DC / AC inverter, 220V / 380V alternating current with stable signals is output to be connected into the socket through filtering and voltage stabilization of the driving motor, the frequency and the voltage amplitude of the output alternating current can be adjusted according to requirements, and the requirements of alternating current with different frequencies and different voltages are met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of new energy vehicles, and particularly relates to a vehicle-mounted power distribution system, a vehicle-mounted power distribution method and a new energy heavy truck. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, customers' demand for new energy heavy trucks is also increasingly diversified, intelligent and safe. Among them, the demand for vehicle-mounted alternating current emergency power is increasing, and some customers have 380V alternating current power demand. Currently, vehicle-mounted alternating current power is generally obtained by taking 24V direct current from a lead-acid storage battery, and 220V alternating current is output after conversion by a vehicle-mounted inverter. External equipment is required, which has great safety risks, and there is no output 380V alternating current solution.

[0003] Generally, the lead-acid storage battery equipped in a general new energy heavy truck cannot withstand large power long-time discharge, resulting in power loss of a low-voltage power supply system, and even causing failure of the low-voltage power supply system. In addition, the lead-acid storage battery has large energy loss and low conversion efficiency in long-distance large-current energy transmission, and the cable is prone to overheating, which has great safety risks. SUMMARY

[0004] The application aims to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a vehicle-mounted power distribution system, a vehicle-mounted power distribution method and a new energy heavy truck.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the application is implemented by using the following technical scheme: In a first aspect, the application provides a vehicle-mounted power distribution system, comprising a power distribution switch, a vehicle controller, a power battery, a battery management system, a multi-in-one controller, a DC / AC inverter, a drive motor and a 220V / 380V alternating current socket. The power distribution switch is a three-position switch for selecting an alternating current voltage platform: closing power distribution, 220V or 380V alternating current switch. The vehicle controller is used for signal monitoring and signal transmission. The power battery is used to provide high-voltage direct current. The battery management system is used to monitor the battery state. The multi-in-one controller is used for high-voltage power distribution. The DC / AC inverter is used to convert high-voltage direct current into required alternating current. The drive motor is used for filtering and voltage stabilizing and 220V / 380V alternating current connection. The 220V / 380V alternating current socket is used for emergency power taking.

[0006] Further, the power distribution switch has 1st, 2nd and 3rd positions, the 1st position corresponds to closing power distribution, the 2nd position corresponds to 220V alternating current switch, and the 3rd position corresponds to 380V alternating current switch.

[0007] Further, the power battery provides high-voltage direct current, which is reasonably distributed by the all-in-one controller, then is inverted into required alternating current by a DC / AC inverter, and then is filtered and stabilized by a driving motor to output stable 220V / 380V alternating current.

[0008] Further, in the closed state of the power distribution system, the first switch KA1 and the second switch KA2 are closed, and the third switch KA3, the fourth switch KA4 and the fifth switch KA5 are open; wherein the third switch KA3, the fourth switch KA4 and the fifth switch KA5 are respectively arranged on the driving motor A, B and C three-phase lines, the first switch KA1 is arranged between the driving motor A phase line and the B phase line, and the second switch KA2 is arranged between the driving motor B phase line and the C phase line. In the open state of the power distribution system, the first switch KA1 and the second switch KA2 are open, any two groups of the third switch KA3, the fourth switch KA4 and the fifth switch KA5 are closed when 220V alternating current is required, and all of the third switch KA3, the fourth switch KA4 and the fifth switch KA5 are closed when 380V alternating current is required.

[0009] In a second aspect, the application provides a vehicle-mounted power distribution method, comprising: When the whole vehicle is in the high-voltage and static state, the power distribution switch is pressed, and a power distribution request signal is sent; The whole vehicle controller responds to the received power distribution request signal to detect whether the whole vehicle state meets the open power distribution state; If the whole vehicle state does not meet the open power distribution state, the whole vehicle controller VCU sends a power distribution closing signal; If the whole vehicle state meets the open power distribution state, the whole vehicle controller VCU sends a power distribution opening signal according to the power distribution request signal to control the first switch KA1 and the second switch KA2 to be open; when 220V alternating current is required, any two groups of the third switch KA3, the fourth switch KA4 and the fifth switch KA5 are controlled to be closed; and when 380V alternating current is required, all of the third switch KA3, the fourth switch KA4 and the fifth switch KA5 are controlled to be closed; The power battery provides high-voltage direct current, which is reasonably distributed by the all-in-one controller, then is inverted into required alternating current by a DC / AC inverter, and then is filtered and stabilized by a driving motor to output stable 220V / 380V alternating current; The customer takes power through the 220V / 380V alternating current socket.

[0010] Further, the following conditions need to be met at the same time to open the power distribution: (a) the whole vehicle is fault-free; (b) 0 vehicle speed; (c) there is a hand brake signal; (d) there is a power distribution opening signal; (e) the power battery state is normal; (f) the power battery charge is not less than a certain value, i.e. the state of charge SOC ≥ SOC0, 0 ≤ SOC0 ≤ 1, SOC0 is a safety threshold.

[0011] Further, disconnect the power distribution when any of the following conditions is met: (a) the vehicle reports a fault; (b) there is no handbrake signal; (c) there is a power distribution closing signal; (d) there is no connection of the power distribution system to the non-essential load for a certain period of time; (e) the power battery state is abnormal; (f) the power battery charge is less than a certain value, i.e. the state of charge SOC <SOC0, 0 ≤ SOC0 ≤ 1, SOC0 is a safety threshold.

[0012] Further, the vehicle-mounted power distribution method can adjust the output AC frequency and voltage amplitude according to the demand, and meet the demand of AC power of different frequencies and voltages.

[0013] Further, the vehicle-mounted power distribution method further comprises: when the customer closes the power distribution switch system to disconnect the power distribution, or when no non-essential load is connected for a period of time, the system automatically disconnects the power distribution.

[0014] In a third aspect, the application provides a new energy heavy truck, which is configured with the vehicle-mounted power distribution system or adopts the vehicle-mounted power distribution method.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects: the application considers the vehicle safety and energy consumption, designs a vehicle-mounted power distribution system and a vehicle-mounted power distribution method, takes power from the power battery, avoids affecting the low-voltage power supply system, uses the driving motor to filter and stabilize the voltage, and then connects the 220V / 380V alternating current, so that the output alternating current signal is more stable, uses the three-phase structure of the driving motor, designs a 220V / 380V alternating current power connection mode, does not need additional equipment, is simple and convenient, and meets the customer's 220V / 380V dual alternating current power demand, the frequency and voltage amplitude of the alternating current output by the vehicle-mounted power distribution system can be adjusted according to the demand, and the demand of different frequencies and different voltages can be met. Further, a power distribution system opening and closing discrimination method is designed to protect the vehicle to meet the customer's alternating current power demand with high efficiency and high safety, and to consider battery over-discharge protection. The application does not affect the low-voltage power supply system of the vehicle, avoids the risk of low-voltage power supply system power loss, and also does not produce excessive loss and safety hazard. Under the premise of ensuring the high safety factor of the vehicle, the customer's alternating current emergency power demand is met, and a power distribution system opening and closing strategy is designed to safely, efficiently and accurately open or disconnect the power distribution system, while avoiding the influence of battery over-discharge on service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a vehicle-mounted power distribution system schematic diagram provided according to an embodiment of the application; Figure 2 is a high-voltage equivalent circuit schematic diagram of a vehicle-mounted power distribution system provided according to an embodiment of the application; Figure 3 is a vehicle-mounted power distribution method flowchart schematic diagram provided according to an embodiment of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical scheme of the application will be described in detail below with the help of the drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the application are detailed descriptions of the technical scheme of the application, and are not limitations of the technical scheme of the application. In the case of no conflict, the technical features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the application can be combined with each other.

[0018] The term "and / or", only describes the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the three cases of A alone, A and B together, and B alone. In addition, the character " / ", generally represents that the front and rear associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0019] Aiming at the problem that the current heavy truck uses lead-acid storage battery to output alternating current through the vehicle-mounted inverter, and the low-voltage power supply system is short of power, the loss is large, and there is no output 380V alternating current solution, a vehicle-mounted power distribution system, a vehicle-mounted power distribution method and a new energy heavy truck are designed, which can effectively realize that the high-voltage direct current of the power battery is converted into the required alternating current through the DC / AC inverter, and then the 220V / 380V alternating current with stable output signal is output to the socket after filtering and voltage stabilization of the driving motor. And it can adjust the output alternating current frequency and voltage amplitude according to the demand, meet the alternating current demand of different frequency and different voltage. Under the premise of not affecting the low-voltage power supply system of the whole vehicle, the customer's emergency power demand of alternating current can be met efficiently and safely.

[0020] Embodiment one: as shown in the figure, the embodiment provides a vehicle-mounted power distribution system, which comprises a power distribution switch, a vehicle controller, a power battery, a battery management system, a multi-in-one controller, a DC / AC inverter, a driving motor and a 220V / 380V alternating current socket. Figure 1 The power distribution switch is a three-position switch, which is used to select the alternating current voltage platform: closing the power distribution, 220V or 380V alternating current switch. The vehicle controller is used for signal monitoring and signal transmission. The power battery is used to provide high-voltage direct current. The battery management system is used to monitor the battery state. The multi-in-one controller is used for high-voltage power distribution. The DC / AC inverter is used to convert high-voltage direct current into required alternating current. The driving motor is used for filtering and voltage stabilization and 220V / 380V alternating current connection. The 220V / 380V alternating current socket is used for emergency power supply. In some embodiments, the power distribution switch has 1, 2 and 3 positions, 1 position corresponds to closing the power distribution, 2 position corresponds to 220V alternating current switch, and 3 position corresponds to 380V alternating current switch.

[0021] In some embodiments, as shown in the figure, it is a high-voltage equivalent circuit schematic diagram of the vehicle-mounted power distribution system. The power battery provides high-voltage direct current, which is reasonably distributed by the multi-in-one controller, and then converted into the required alternating current through the DC / AC inverter. After filtering and voltage stabilization of the driving motor, the 220V / 380V alternating current with stable output signal is output.

[0022] Figure 2

[0023] ​More specifically, when the power distribution system is in the off state, the first switch KA1 and the second switch KA2 are closed, and the third switch KA3, the fourth switch KA4, and the fifth switch KA5 are open; wherein the third switch KA3, the fourth switch KA4, and the fifth switch KA5 are respectively arranged on the three-phase lines A, B, and C of the drive motor, the first switch KA1 is arranged between the A-phase line and the B-phase line of the drive motor, and the second switch KA2 is arranged between the B-phase line and the C-phase line of the drive motor; More specifically, when the power distribution system is on, the first switch KA1 and the second switch KA2 are disconnected. When 220V AC power is required, any two groups of switches among the third switch KA3, the fourth switch KA4, and the fifth switch KA5 are closed; when 380V AC power is required, the third switch KA3, the fourth switch KA4, and the fifth switch KA5 are all closed.

[0024] Example 2: Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a vehicle-mounted power distribution method, including: The vehicle is in high voltage and stationary state. Press the power distribution switch (2nd gear corresponds to 220V AC, 3rd gear corresponds to 380V AC) to send a power distribution request signal. In response to receiving the power distribution request signal, the vehicle controller detects whether the vehicle state satisfies the power distribution start state; If the vehicle status does not meet the power distribution start state, the vehicle controller VCU sends a power distribution shutdown signal; If the vehicle status meets the power distribution start state, the vehicle controller VCU sends a power distribution start signal according to the power distribution request signal to control the first switch KA1 and the second switch KA2 to be open; when 220V AC power is required, any two switches among the third switch KA3, the fourth switch KA4, and the fifth switch KA5 are controlled to be closed; when 380V AC power is required, the third switch KA3, the fourth switch KA4, and the fifth switch KA5 are controlled to be closed; The power battery provides high-voltage direct current, which is reasonably distributed by the all-in-one controller and then converted into the required alternating current through the DC / AC inverter. After filtering and voltage stabilization by the drive motor, the output signal is a stable 220V / 380V AC. Customers draw electricity through 220V / 380V AC sockets.

[0025] In some embodiments, enabling power distribution requires the following conditions to be met simultaneously: (a) The vehicle has no faults; (b) 0 vehicle speed; (c) The parking brake signal is on; (d) There is a power distribution start signal; (e) The power battery is in normal condition; (f) the power battery has a state of charge (SOC) higher than a certain value SOC ≥ SOC0, 0≤ SOC0≤ 1, SOC0is a safety threshold.

[0026] When all the above conditions are met, the vehicle controller VCU sends a command to allow the power distribution to be turned on. In some embodiments, the vehicle power distribution method meets any one of the following conditions, and the power distribution is disconnected: (a) the vehicle reports a fault; (b) there is no handbrake signal; (c) there is a power distribution shutdown signal; (d) there is no connection of the power distribution system to the non-essential load for a certain period of time; (e) the power battery state is abnormal; (f) the state of charge of the power battery is lower than a certain value, i.e., the state of charge SOC ≥ SOC0, 0≤ SOC0≤ 1, SOC0is a safety threshold.

[0027] When one of the above conditions is met, the vehicle controller VCU sends a command to disconnect the power distribution.

[0028] In this embodiment, the vehicle power distribution method can adjust the output AC frequency and voltage amplitude according to the demand, and meet the demand of AC power of different frequencies and voltages.

[0029] In this embodiment, the vehicle power distribution method further includes: when the customer closes the power distribution switch system to disconnect the power distribution, or the system automatically disconnects the power distribution when no non-essential load is connected for a period of time.

[0030] Embodiment three: this embodiment provides a new energy heavy truck, which is configured with the vehicle power distribution system of embodiment one or adopts the vehicle power distribution method of embodiment two.

[0031] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Therefore, the present application can be in the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present application can be in the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer usable program code.

[0032] The computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart or flowsheet block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more flowcharts and / or blocks Figure 1 one or more flowcharts and / or blocks

[0033] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the function specified in the flowchart or flowsheet block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more flowcharts and / or blocks Figure 1 one or more flowcharts and / or blocks

[0034] The computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart or flowsheet block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more flowcharts and / or blocks Figure 1 one or more flowcharts and / or blocks

[0035] The above only is the preferred embodiment of the present application, it should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the technical field, without departing from the technical principles of the present application, can also make a number of improvements and variations, these improvements and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted power distribution system, characterized in that: Including power distribution switch, vehicle controller, power battery, battery management system, all-in-one controller, DC / AC inverter, drive motor, 220V / 380V AC socket; The power distribution switch is a three-position switch used to select the AC voltage platform: power distribution off, 220V or 380V AC switch; The vehicle controller is used for signal monitoring and signal transmission and reception; Power batteries are used to provide high-voltage direct current; The battery management system is used to monitor the battery status; All-in-one controller for high voltage power distribution; The DC / AC inverter is used to convert high-voltage direct current into the required alternating current; The drive motor is used for filtering, voltage stabilization and 220V / 380V AC power connection; The 220V / 380V AC socket is used for emergency power supply.

2. The vehicle-mounted power distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power distribution switch has 1st gear, 2nd gear and 3rd gear, 1st gear corresponds to closing the power distribution, 2nd gear corresponds to 220V AC switch, and 3rd gear corresponds to 380V AC switch.

3. The vehicle-mounted power distribution system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The power battery provides high-voltage direct current, which is reasonably distributed by the all-in-one controller and then converted into the required alternating current through the DC / AC inverter. The drive motor then filters and stabilizes the output signal to a stable 220V / 380V AC.

4. The vehicle-mounted power distribution system according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the power distribution system is in the off state, the first switch KA1 and the second switch KA2 are closed, and the third switch KA3, the fourth switch KA4, and the fifth switch KA5 are open; The third switch KA3, the fourth switch KA4, and the fifth switch KA5 are respectively set on the three-phase lines A, B, and C of the drive motor. The first switch KA1 is set between the A-phase line and the B-phase line of the drive motor. The second switch KA2 is set between the B-phase line and the C-phase line of the drive motor. When the power distribution system is on, the first switch KA1 and the second switch KA2 are disconnected. When 220V AC power is required, any two switches among the third switch KA3, the fourth switch KA4, and the fifth switch KA5 are closed. When 380V AC power is required, the third switch KA3, the fourth switch KA4, and the fifth switch KA5 are all closed.

5. A vehicle-mounted power distribution method, characterized in that: include: The vehicle is in high voltage and stationary state, press the power distribution switch to send a power distribution request signal; In response to receiving the power distribution request signal, the vehicle controller detects whether the vehicle state satisfies the power distribution start state; If the vehicle status does not meet the power distribution start state, the vehicle controller VCU sends a power distribution shutdown signal; If the vehicle status meets the power distribution start state, the vehicle controller VCU sends a power distribution start signal according to the power distribution request signal to control the first switch KA1 and the second switch KA2 to be open; when 220V AC power is required, any two switches among the third switch KA3, the fourth switch KA4, and the fifth switch KA5 are controlled to be closed; when 380V AC power is required, the third switch KA3, the fourth switch KA4, and the fifth switch KA5 are controlled to be closed; The power battery provides high-voltage direct current, which is reasonably distributed by the all-in-one controller and then converted into the required alternating current through the DC / AC inverter. After filtering and voltage stabilization by the drive motor, the output signal is a stable 220V / 380V AC. Customers draw electricity through 220V / 380V AC sockets.

6. The vehicle-mounted power distribution method according to claim 5, characterized in that: To enable power distribution, the following conditions must be met simultaneously: (a) The vehicle has no faults; (b) 0 vehicle speed; (c) The parking brake signal is on; (d) There is a power distribution start signal; (e) The power battery is in normal condition; (f) The power of the power battery is not less than a certain value, that is, the state of charge SOC ≥SOC0, 0≤SOC0≤1, SOC0 is the safety threshold.

7. The vehicle-mounted power distribution method according to claim 5, characterized in that: If any of the following conditions is met, the power distribution is disconnected: (a) The entire vehicle is reported to be faulty; (b) No parking brake signal; (c) There is a power distribution shut-off signal; (d) The power distribution system has no load connected for a certain period of time; (e) Abnormal power battery status; (f) The state of charge of the power battery is lower than a certain value, that is, the state of charge SOC <SOC0, 0 ≤ SOC0 ≤ 1, where SOC0 is the safety threshold.

8. The vehicle-mounted power distribution method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The output AC power frequency and voltage amplitude can be adjusted according to demand to meet the AC power needs of different frequencies and voltages.

9. The vehicle-mounted power distribution method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: The system will disconnect power when the customer turns off the power distribution switch, or automatically disconnect power when no power load is detected for a period of time.

10. A new energy heavy truck, characterized in that: The vehicle-mounted power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is configured, or the vehicle-mounted power distribution method according to any one of claims 5 to 9 is adopted.

Images