Thermal insulation material as well as preparation method and application thereof
The thermal insulation materials prepared through composite materials and optimized processes solve the problem of insufficient performance of existing thermal insulation materials, achieve efficient thermal insulation, and improve strength and fire resistance, and are suitable for multiple fields.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410430030.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-17
AI Technical Summary
The existing insulation materials have unsatisfactory insulation effects, structural strength and high temperature resistance, are prone to damage and aging, and cannot meet the needs of building energy conservation.
A composite material composed of silica powder, aerogel nanopowder, boron nitride, glass fiber, polyamide, silicon carbide, dolomite and polyurethane is used to prepare the thermal insulation material through mixing, filter pressing molding and drying processes, and its composition and process parameters are optimized to improve its performance.
The prepared thermal insulation material has excellent thermal insulation performance, strength and compressive resistance, as well as certain fire resistance and anti-infrared radiation performance. It is suitable for the fields of building materials, electric power, chemical industry and metallurgy.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heat insulation material preparation, and in particular to a heat insulation material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art
[0002] Building energy conservation is the main content of implementing the national environmental protection and energy conservation policy, and is an important part of implementing the sustainable development of the national economy. However, my country's current building energy conservation level is still far lower than that of developed countries. Therefore, building energy conservation is still an important topic in my country's construction industry in the 21st century. Building insulation has a basic requirement for insulation materials to have a low thermal conductivity coefficient. According to the temperature resistance range of the material, insulation materials can be divided into low-temperature insulation materials, medium-temperature insulation materials and high-temperature insulation materials. There are many varieties of insulation materials used in existing buildings. According to material classification, they can be divided into three categories: inorganic insulation materials, organic insulation materials and metal insulation materials.
[0003] After the above-mentioned existing thermal insulation materials have been widely used, although the existing thermal insulation materials have certain thermal insulation properties, the thermal insulation effect, structural strength and high temperature resistance are not ideal, and cannot meet the needs of people today. After long-term use, they are prone to damage and aging, which affects the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation materials. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems of poor thermal insulation effect, low structural strength, poor high temperature resistance and the like of existing thermal insulation materials, and to provide a thermal insulation material and its preparation method and application.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a thermal insulation material, which comprises, based on the total weight of the thermal insulation material, 60-80 weight percent silicon powder, 5-10 weight percent aerogel nanopowder, 5-10 weight percent boron nitride, 3-5 weight percent glass fiber, 3-5 weight percent polyamide, 1-2 weight percent silicon carbide, 1-2 weight percent dolomite, and 2-6 weight percent polyurethane;
[0006] The aerogel is selected from one or more of silica aerogel, alumina aerogel and zinc oxide aerogel.
[0007] Preferably, the average particle size of the silicon powder is 10-100 nm.
[0008] Preferably, the specific surface area of the silicon powder is 100-1000m 2 / g.
[0009] Preferably, the particle size of the aerogel nanopowder is 20-80 nm.
[0010] Preferably, the polyamide is selected from one or more of polyamide 6, polyamide 66 and polyamide 11.
[0011] Preferably, the polyurethane has a density of 1-1.2 g / cm3. 3 .
[0012] The second aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing a thermal insulation material, the method comprising the following steps:
[0013] (1) mixing aerogel nanopowder, boron nitride and water to obtain a mixture A;
[0014] (2) mixing the mixture A, silicon powder, glass fiber, polyamide, silicon carbide, dolomite and polyurethane to obtain a mixture B;
[0015] (3) pressure filtration molding the mixture B, and then drying.
[0016] Preferably, in step (1), the weight ratio of the amount of water to boron nitride is 1:2-3.
[0017] Preferably, in step (1), the mixing conditions include a temperature of 15-35℃ and a time of 5-30 min.
[0018] Preferably, in step (2), the mixing conditions include a temperature of 15-35℃ and a time of 5-30 min. Preferably, in step (3), the pressure filtration molding conditions include a pressure of 20-200 MPa.
[0019] Preferably, in step (3), the drying conditions include a temperature of 80-120℃ and a time of 2-10 h.
[0020] The third aspect of the present application provides a thermal insulation material prepared according to the method described above.
[0021] The fourth aspect of the present application provides the use of the thermal insulation material described above in the fields of building materials, electric power, chemical industry or metallurgy.
[0022] The thermal insulation material described in the present application has excellent thermal insulation performance, and has excellent strength and compression resistance. It can be widely used in the fields of building materials, electric power, chemical industry and metallurgy. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.
[0024] The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise values recited as the exact dimensions are not critical to the invention. Any numeric range recited is intended to include all values from the lower value to the upper value, inclusive of both values, and to also include any value approximately or about the same as that particular value. Numeric ranges can be combined with other numeric ranges to form new numeric ranges, which are to be construed in the same manner as disclosed above.
[0025] In one aspect, the present application provides a thermal insulation material, which contains 60-80 wt% silicon powder, 5-10 wt% aerogel nanopowder, 5-10 wt% boron nitride, 3-5 wt% glass fiber, 3-5 wt% polyamide, 1-2 wt% silicon carbide, 1-2 wt% dolomite and 2-6 wt% polyurethane, based on the total weight of the thermal insulation material.
[0026] The aerogel is selected from one or more of silica aerogel, alumina aerogel and zinc oxide aerogel.
[0027] In a specific embodiment, the content of the silicon powder in the thermal insulation material can be 60 wt%, 65 wt%, 70 wt%, 75 wt% or 80 wt%.
[0028] In a specific embodiment, the content of the aerogel nanopowder in the thermal insulation material can be 5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7 wt%, 8 wt%, 9 wt% or 10 wt%.
[0029] In a specific embodiment, the content of the boron nitride in the thermal insulation material can be 5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7 wt%, 8 wt%, 9 wt% or 10 wt%.
[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the boron nitride is used in the form of powder, which is mixed with the aerogel nanopowder, so as to enhance the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation material.
[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the average particle size of the silicon powder is 10-100 nm, and further preferably 30-70 nm.
[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the specific surface area of the silicon powder is 100-1000 m 2 / g. Controlling the specific surface area of the silicon powder within the above range can provide more reactive surface area.
[0033] Preferably, the particle size of the aerogel nanopowder is 20-80 nm.
[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the polyamide is selected from one or more of polyamide 6, polyamide 66 and polyamide 11.
[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the density of the polyurethane is 1-1.2 g / cm 3 .
[0036] In the present application, the aerogel nanopowder has very low density and extremely low thermal conductivity, the nanoscale pore size of which is less than the free path of gas molecules, which greatly limits the heat conduction and convective heat transfer, and cooperates with the use of boron nitride powder with high temperature resistance, so that the thermal insulation material has excellent thermal insulation performance; the synergistic effect of glass fiber and polyamide fiber enhances the strength and compression resistance of the thermal insulation material; at the same time, silicon carbide can improve the fire resistance of the thermal insulation material, and dolomite can improve the anti-infrared radiation effect of the thermal insulation material at high temperature. Based on this, the present application cooperates with silicon powder, aerogel nanopowder, boron nitride, glass fiber, polyamide, silicon carbide, dolomite and polyurethane, so that the thermal insulation material has excellent thermal insulation performance, high strength and high compression resistance, and also has certain fire resistance and anti-infrared radiation performance.
[0037] The second aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing a thermal insulation material, which comprises the following steps:
[0038] (1) mixing aerogel nanopowder, boron nitride and water to obtain a mixture A;
[0039] (2) mixing the mixture A, silicon powder, glass fiber, polyamide, silicon carbide, dolomite and polyurethane to obtain a mixture B;
[0040] (3) pressure filtration forming the mixture B, and then drying.
[0041] In the method of the present application, silicon powder, aerogel nanopowder, boron nitride, glass fiber, polyamide, silicon carbide, dolomite and polyurethane are used as raw materials for preparation, wherein, based on the total weight of the raw materials, the amount of the silicon powder is 60-80 wt%, the amount of the aerogel nanopowder is 5-10 wt%, the amount of the boron nitride is 5-10 wt%, the amount of the glass fiber is 3-5 wt%, the amount of the polyamide is 3-5 wt%, the amount of the silicon carbide is 1-2 wt%, the amount of the dolomite is 1-2 wt%, and the amount of the polyurethane is 2-6 wt%.
[0042] Preferably, the average particle size of the silicon powder is 10-100 nm.
[0043] Preferably, the specific surface area of the silicon powder is 100-1000 m 2 / g.
[0044] Preferably, the aerogel is selected from one or more of silica aerogel, alumina aerogel and zinc oxide aerogel.
[0045] Further preferably, the particle size of the aerogel nanopowder is 20-80 nm.
[0046] Preferably, the polyamide is selected from one or more of polyamide 6, polyamide 66 and polyamide 11.
[0047] Preferably, the density of the polyurethane is 1-1.2 g / cm 3 .
[0048] In a preferred embodiment, in step (1), the mixing conditions include a temperature of 15-35℃ and a time of 5-30 min; specifically, the mixing temperature can be 15℃, 20℃, 25℃, 30℃ or 35℃, and the mixing time can be 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, 25 min or 30 min.
[0049] In a specific embodiment, in step (1), the mixing method can be stirring mixing.
[0050] In the method described in the present application, in step (1), too little water will result in difficulty in handling and forming the mixture, while too much water can result in the mixture being too thin to form, which will ultimately affect the performance of the thermal insulation material. In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of water to boron nitride is 1:2-3.
[0051] In a preferred embodiment, in step (2), the mixing conditions include a temperature of 15-35℃ and a time of 5-30 min; specifically, the mixing temperature can be 15℃, 20℃, 25℃, 30℃ or 35℃, and the mixing time can be 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, 25 min or 30 min.
[0052] In a specific embodiment, in step (1), the mixing method can be stirring mixing.
[0053] In a preferred embodiment, in step (3), the pressure filtration forming conditions include a pressure of 20-200 MPa.
[0054] In a preferred embodiment, in step (3), the drying conditions include a temperature of 80-120℃ and a time of 2-10 h.
[0055] The third aspect of the present application provides a thermal insulation material prepared by the method described above.
[0056] The fourth aspect of the present application provides the use of the thermal insulation material described above in the fields of building materials, electric power, chemical industry or metallurgy.
[0057] The application will be described in detail below through examples, but the protection scope of the application is not limited thereto.
[0058] Example 1
[0059] The thermal insulation material S1 is composed of: 60 wt% of the silicon powder, 10 wt% of the aerogel (silica aerogel) nanopowder, 10 wt% of the boron nitride, 5 wt% of the glass fiber, 5 wt% of the polyamide, 2 wt% of the silicon carbide, 2 wt% of the dolomite, and 6 wt% of the polyurethane, based on the total weight of the thermal insulation material;
[0060] The average particle size of the silicon powder is 80 nm;
[0061] Preferably, the specific surface area of the silicon powder is 588.25 m 2 / g;
[0062] The particle size of the aerogel nanopowder is 40-60 nm;
[0063] The polyamide is selected from polyamide 6, polyamide 66 and polyamide 11;
[0064] The density of the polyurethane is 1.15 g / cm 3 .
[0065] The preparation process of the thermal insulation material S1 is as follows:
[0066] (1) The aerogel nanopowder, boron nitride and water are mixed at 25°C for 25 min, and the weight ratio of the amount of water to the amount of boron nitride is 1:2.5, to obtain a mixture A;
[0067] (2) The mixture A, silicon powder, glass fiber, polyamide, silicon carbide, dolomite and polyurethane are mixed at 25°C for 25 min to obtain a mixture B;
[0068] (3) The mixture B is pressure filtration formed at 150 MPa, and then dried at 110°C for 5 h.
[0069] Example 2
[0070] The thermal insulation material S2 is composed of: 67 wt% of the silicon powder, 8 wt% of the aerogel (silica aerogel) nanopowder, 8 wt% of the boron nitride, 4 wt% of the glass fiber, 4 wt% of the polyamide, 2 wt% of the silicon carbide, 2 wt% of the dolomite, and 5 wt% of the polyurethane, based on the total weight of the thermal insulation material;
[0071] wherein the average particle size of the silicon powder is 85 nm;
[0072] Preferably, the specific surface area of the silicon powder is 677.58 m 2 / g;
[0073] The particle size of the aerogel nanopowder is 40-60 nm;
[0074] The polyamide is selected from polyamide 6;
[0075] The density of the polyurethane is 1.15 g / cm 3 .
[0076] The preparation process of the thermal insulation material S2 is as follows:
[0077] (1) The aerogel nanopowder, boron nitride and water are mixed at 25°C for 25 min, and the weight ratio of the amount of water to the amount of boron nitride is 1:2.5, to obtain a mixture A;
[0078] (2) The mixture A, silicon powder, glass fiber, polyamide, silicon carbide, dolomite and polyurethane are mixed at 25°C for 25 min to obtain a mixture B;
[0079] (3) The mixture B is pressure filtration formed at 150 MPa, and then dried at 110°C for 5 h.
[0080] Example 3
[0081] The thermal insulation material S3 is composed of: the content of the silicon powder is 70% by weight, the content of the aerogel (aluminum dioxide aerogel) nanopowder is 7% by weight, the content of the boron nitride is 8% by weight, the content of the glass fiber is 4% by weight, the content of the polyamide is 4% by weight, the content of the silicon carbide is 1.5% by weight, the content of the dolomite is 1.5% by weight, and the content of the polyurethane is 4% by weight, based on the total weight of the thermal insulation material;
[0082] wherein the average particle size of the silicon powder is 75 nm;
[0083] Preferably, the specific surface area of the silicon powder is 725.64 m 2 / g;
[0084] The particle size of the aerogel nanopowder is 40-60 nm;
[0085] The polyamide is selected from polyamide 6, polyamide 66 and polyamide 11;
[0086] The density of the polyurethane is 1.15 g / cm 3 .
[0087] The preparation process of the thermal insulation material S3 is as follows:
[0088] (1) The aerogel nanopowder, boron nitride and water are mixed at 25°C for 25 min, and the weight ratio of the amount of water to the amount of boron nitride is 1:2.5, to obtain a mixture A;
[0089] (2) The mixture A, silicon powder, glass fiber, polyamide, silicon carbide, dolomite and polyurethane are mixed at 25°C for 25 min to obtain a mixture B;
[0090] (3) The mixture B is pressure filtration formed at 150 MPa, and then dried at 110°C for 5 h.
[0091] Example 4
[0092] The thermal insulation material S4 comprises, based on the total weight of the thermal insulation material, 75 wt% of the silicon powder, 7 wt% of the aerogel (aluminum dioxide aerogel) nanopowder, 7 wt% of the boron nitride, 3 wt% of the glass fiber, 3 wt% of the polyamide, 1 wt% of the silicon carbide, 1 wt% of the dolomite and 3 wt% of the polyurethane;
[0093] The average particle size of the silicon powder is 70 nm;
[0094] Preferably, the specific surface area of the silicon powder is 755.35 m 2 / g;
[0095] The particle size of the aerogel nanopowder is 40-60 nm;
[0096] The polyamide is selected from polyamide 66;
[0097] The density of the polyurethane is 1.1 g / cm 3 .
[0098] The preparation process of the thermal insulation material S4 is as follows:
[0099] (1) The aerogel nanopowder, boron nitride and water are mixed at 25°C for 25 min, and the weight ratio of the amount of water to the amount of boron nitride is 1:2, to obtain a mixture A;
[0100] (2) The mixture A, silicon powder, glass fiber, polyamide, silicon carbide, dolomite and polyurethane are mixed at 25°C for 25 min to obtain a mixture B;
[0101] (3) The mixture B is pressure filtration formed at 200 MPa, and then dried at 110°C for 8 h.
[0102] Example 5
[0103] The thermal insulation material S5 is composed of: 80wt% of the silicon powder, 5wt% of the aerogel (zinc oxide aerogel) nanopowder, 5wt% of the boron nitride, 3wt% of the glass fiber, 3wt% of the polyamide, 1wt% of the silicon carbide, 1wt% of the dolomite, and 2wt% of the polyurethane, based on the total weight of the thermal insulation material;
[0104] The average particle size of the silicon powder is 80nm.
[0105] Preferably, the specific surface area of the silicon powder is 588.25m 2 / g.
[0106] The particle size of the aerogel nanopowder is 40-60nm.
[0107] The polyamide is selected from polyamide 6, polyamide 66 and polyamide 11.
[0108] The density of the polyurethane is 1.15g / cm 3 .
[0109] The preparation process of the thermal insulation material S5 is as follows:
[0110] (1) The aerogel nanopowder, boron nitride and water are mixed at 25℃ for 25min, and the weight ratio of the amount of water to the amount of boron nitride is 1:2.5, to obtain a mixture A;
[0111] (2) The mixture A, silicon powder, glass fiber, polyamide, silicon carbide, dolomite and polyurethane are mixed at 25℃ for 25min, to obtain a mixture B;
[0112] (3) The mixture B is subjected to pressure filtration molding at 150MPa, and then dried at 110℃ for 5h.
[0113] Example 6
[0114] The thermal insulation material S6 is composed of: 72wt% of the silicon powder, 7wt% of the aerogel (zinc oxide aerogel) nanopowder, 6wt% of the boron nitride, 4wt% of the glass fiber, 5wt% of the polyamide, 1.5wt% of the silicon carbide, 1.5wt% of the dolomite, and 3wt% of the polyurethane, based on the total weight of the thermal insulation material;
[0115] The average particle size of the silicon powder is 70nm.
[0116] Preferably, the specific surface area of the silicon powder is 856.95m2 / g;
[0117] The particle size of the aerogel nanopowder is 40-60 nm;
[0118] The polyamide is selected from polyamide 6, polyamide 66 and polyamide 11;
[0119] The density of the polyurethane is 1.1 g / cm 3 .
[0120] The preparation process of the thermal insulation material S6 is as follows:
[0121] (1) The aerogel nanopowder, boron nitride and water are mixed at 30°C for 30 min, and the weight ratio of the amount of water to the amount of boron nitride is 1:3, to obtain a mixture A;
[0122] (2) The mixture A, silicon powder, glass fiber, polyamide, silicon carbide, dolomite and polyurethane are mixed at 30°C for 30 min to obtain a mixture B;
[0123] (3) The mixture B is pressure filtration formed at 200 MPa, and then dried at 115°C for 6 h.
[0124] Example 7
[0125] The thermal insulation material S7 is composed of: the content of the silicon powder is 60% by weight, the content of the aerogel (silica aerogel) nanopowder is 10% by weight, the content of the boron nitride is 10% by weight, the content of the glass fiber is 5% by weight, the content of the polyamide is 5% by weight, the content of the silicon carbide is 2% by weight, the content of the dolomite is 2% by weight, and the content of the polyurethane is 6% by weight, based on the total weight of the thermal insulation material;
[0126] The average particle size of the silicon powder is 65 nm;
[0127] Preferably, the specific surface area of the silicon powder is 465.37 m 2 / g;
[0128] The particle size of the aerogel nanopowder is 50-70 nm;
[0129] The polyamide is selected from polyamide 6, polyamide 66 and polyamide 11;
[0130] The density of the polyurethane is 1.2 g / cm 3 .
[0131] The preparation process of the thermal insulation material S7 is as follows:
[0132] (1) The aerogel nanopowder, boron nitride and water are mixed at 25°C for 25 min, the weight ratio of the amount of water to boron nitride being 1:2.5, to obtain a mixture A;
[0133] (2) The mixture A, silicon powder, glass fiber, polyamide, silicon carbide, dolomite and polyurethane are mixed at 25°C for 25 min to obtain a mixture B;
[0134] (3) The mixture B is pressure filtration formed at 150 MPa, and then dried at 110°C for 5 h.
[0135] Example 8
[0136] The thermal insulation material S8 is composed of: based on the total weight of the thermal insulation material, the content of the silicon powder is 75 wt%, the content of the aerogel (aluminum dioxide aerogel) nanopowder is 7 wt%, the content of the boron nitride is 7 wt%, the content of the glass fiber is 3 wt%, the content of the polyamide is 3 wt%, the content of the silicon carbide is 1 wt%, the content of the dolomite is 1 wt%, and the content of the polyurethane is 3 wt%;
[0137] The average particle size of the silicon powder is 65 nm;
[0138] Preferably, the specific surface area of the silicon powder is 478.32 m 2 / g;
[0139] The particle size of the aerogel nanopowder is 50-70 nm;
[0140] The polyamide is selected from polyamide 66;
[0141] The density of the polyurethane is 1.15 g / cm 3 .
[0142] The preparation process of the thermal insulation material S8 is as follows:
[0143] (1) The aerogel nanopowder, boron nitride and water are mixed at 25°C for 25 min, the weight ratio of the amount of water to boron nitride being 1:2.5, to obtain a mixture A;
[0144] (2) The mixture A, silicon powder, glass fiber, polyamide, silicon carbide, dolomite and polyurethane are mixed at 25°C for 25 min to obtain a mixture B;
[0145] (3) The mixture B is pressure filtration formed at 150 MPa, and then dried at 110°C for 5 h.
[0146] Example 9
[0147] The thermal insulation material S9 is composed of: based on the total weight of the thermal insulation material, the content of the silicon powder is 67 wt%, the content of the aerogel (silica aerogel) nanopowder is 6 wt%, the content of the boron nitride is 7 wt%, the content of the glass fiber is 5 wt%, the content of the polyamide is 5 wt%, the content of the silicon carbide is 2 wt%, the content of the dolomite is 2 wt%, and the content of the polyurethane is 6 wt%;
[0148] The average particle size of the silicon powder is 75 nm;
[0149] Preferably, the specific surface area of the silicon powder is 625.35 m 2 / g;
[0150] The particle size of the aerogel nanopowder is 50-70 nm;
[0151] The polyamide is selected from polyamide 11;
[0152] The density of the polyurethane is 1.15 g / cm 3 .
[0153] The preparation process of the thermal insulation material S9 is as follows:
[0154] (1) The aerogel nanopowder, boron nitride and water are mixed at 25°C for 25 min, and the weight ratio of water to boron nitride is 1:2.5, to obtain a mixture A;
[0155] (2) The mixture A, silicon powder, glass fiber, polyamide, silicon carbide, dolomite and polyurethane are mixed at 25°C for 25 min to obtain a mixture B;
[0156] (3) The mixture B is pressure filtration formed at 180 MPa, and then dried at 110°C for 5 h.
[0157] Comparative Example 1
[0158] According to the method described in Example 1, except that based on the total weight of the thermal insulation material, the content of the silicon powder is 30 wt%, the content of the aerogel (silica aerogel) nanopowder is 20 wt%, the content of the boron nitride is 20 wt%, the content of the glass fiber is 10 wt%, the content of the polyamide is 10 wt%, the content of the silicon carbide is 2 wt%, the content of the dolomite is 2 wt%, and the content of the polyurethane is 6 wt%
[0159] Comparative Example 2
[0160] The method described in Example 5 was implemented, except that the content of the silicon powder was 90 wt%, the content of the aerogel (zinc oxide aerogel) nanopowder was 3 wt%, the content of the boron nitride was 3 wt%, the content of the glass fiber was 1 wt%, the content of the polyamide was 1 wt%, the content of the silicon carbide was 0.5 wt%, the content of the dolomite was 0.5 wt%, and the content of the polyurethane was 1 wt%, based on the total weight of the thermal insulation material.
[0161] Comparative Example 3
[0162] The method described in Example 1 was implemented, except that the silica aerogel was replaced by an equal weight of diatomite.
[0163] Comparative Example 4
[0164] The method described in Example 1 was implemented, except that the silica aerogel was replaced by an equal weight of expanded perlite.
[0165] Test Example
[0166] The properties of the products prepared in Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were tested, and the results are shown in Table 1.
[0167] Thermal conductivity: according to the method described in GB / T 10295-2008 and GB / T 10294-2008;
[0168] Maximum use temperature: according to the method described in GB / T 17430-2015;
[0169] Tensile resistance: according to the method described in GB / T 17911-2006;
[0170] Mass moisture absorption rate: according to the method described in GB / T 5480-2017.
[0171] Table 1
[0172]
[0173] As can be seen from Table 1, the thermal insulation material described in the present application has excellent thermal insulation performance and compressive strength.
[0174] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described in detail above, but the present application is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present application, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present application, including the combination of various technical features in any other suitable manner. These simple modifications and combinations should also be considered as disclosed in the present application and fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A thermal insulation material, characterized in that: Based on the total weight of the thermal insulation material, the thermal insulation material contains 60-80 weight percent silicon powder, 5-10 weight percent aerogel nanopowder, 5-10 weight percent boron nitride, 3-5 weight percent glass fiber, 3-5 weight percent polyamide, 1-2 weight percent silicon carbide, 1-2 weight percent dolomite, and 2-6 weight percent polyurethane; The aerogel is selected from one or more of silica aerogel, alumina aerogel and zinc oxide aerogel.
2. The thermal insulation material according to claim 1, characterized in that The average particle size of the silicon powder is 10-100 nm.
3. The thermal insulation material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The specific surface area of the silicon powder is 100-1000m 2 / g.
4. The thermal insulation material according to claim 1, characterized in that The particle size of the aerogel nanopowder is 20-80 nm.
5. The thermal insulation material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The polyamide is selected from one or more of polyamide 6, polyamide 66 and polyamide 11.
6. The thermal insulation material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The density of the polyurethane is 1-1.2 g / cm 3 .
7. A method for preparing a thermal insulation material, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing aerogel nanopowder, boron nitride and water to obtain a mixture A; (2) Mixing material A, silicon powder, glass fiber, polyamide, silicon carbide, dolomite and polyurethane to obtain a mixture B; (3) Mixture B is filter-pressed and then dried.
8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that In step (1), the weight ratio of water to boron nitride is 1:2-3.
9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that In step (1), the mixing conditions include: temperature of 15-35° C. and time of 5-30 min.
10. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 19, characterized in that In step (2), the mixing conditions include: temperature of 15-35° C. and time of 5-30 min.
11. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that In step (3), the conditions for filter pressing include: a pressure of 20-200 MPa.
12. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that In step (3), the drying conditions include: temperature of 80-120° C. and time of 2-10 h.
13. A thermal insulation material prepared by the method according to any one of claims 7 to 12.
14. Use of the thermal insulation material according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or the thermal insulation material according to claim 13 in the fields of building materials, electric power, chemical industry or metallurgy.