Manufacturing process of novel green efficient compound fertilizer

Abstract

The invention provides a manufacturing process of a novel green efficient compound fertilizer, which comprises the following raw materials by mass: 50-60 parts of a nitrogen fertilizer, 10-20 parts of a phosphate fertilizer, 5-8 parts of urea sulfate and 70-80 parts of a potash fertilizer, and comprises the following preparation steps: step 1, raw material treatment: heating and mixing the nitrogen fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer used for producing the compound fertilizer in a mixer according to a ratio, preparing compound fertilizer mixed slurry; the mixed materials are fed into a granulator to be subjected to extrusion granulation, an extrusion granulator is adopted for granulation at the normal temperature, fuel oil and fuel gas are not needed, the uniformity and appearance of particles can be improved through granulation, and dust can be reduced. By spraying urea sulfate slurry and reducing energy consumption, low-cost granulation is realized, and compared with the energy consumption of drum granulation moisture drying and high tower granulation material melting, the energy consumption is remarkably reduced, so that the market price competitiveness of the compound fertilizer is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of compound fertilizer manufacturing, in particular to a manufacturing process of a new green efficient compound fertilizer. BACKGROUND

[0002] Compound fertilizer is a means for realizing precision and efficient fertilization of soil testing in agriculture. At present, the manufacturing of compound fertilizer generally adopts two manufacturing processes of rotary drum granulation and high tower spraying granulation. In the former, the material is wetted to form a particle core by spraying steam into the material, and the particle is continuously grown during the rotation of the drum. In the high tower spraying granulation process, all materials need to be lifted to the top of a tower about 110 meters high, and then sprayed down from a high place after being hot melted into a liquid state. In the rotary drum granulation process, a large amount of water needs to be taken out by drying, and in the high tower spraying granulation process, the solid material needs to be hot melted into a liquid material. Both processes consume a large amount of energy. Secondly, high temperature drying and material melting will cause great damage to the synergistic materials (mostly organic materials) added to the compound fertilizer, affecting the effect of the compound fertilizer and increasing the manufacturing cost. Thirdly, the production capacity of each compound fertilizer formula is between 300-500 tons per shift, and there are dozens of tons of overproduction of products with non-standard nutrient content between the two formula changes, which affects the precision landing of soil testing formula fertilization.

[0003] In the existing technology of compound fertilizer manufacturing process, the following defects exist: the traditional granulation process has high energy consumption and is easy to produce dust pollution; the chemical synthesis method has high cost and strict requirements for the purity of raw materials; the nutrient uniformity and slow-release effect of the physical mixing method are poor; the high temperature melting used in part of the process leads to the decomposition of part of the nutrients; the existing coating technology has the problems of uneven coating and lack of environmental friendliness; and most of the processes cannot accurately control the NPK ratio, resulting in low fertilizer utilization rate. These technical defects restrict the efficient application of compound fertilizer in agricultural production, and it is urgent to improve them through innovative process. SUMMARY

[0004] (I) Technical problems solved

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a manufacturing process of a new green efficient compound fertilizer, which solves the problem that high temperature drying and material melting will cause great damage to the synergistic materials (mostly organic materials) added to the compound fertilizer, affecting the effect of the compound fertilizer and increasing the manufacturing cost.

[0006] (II) Technical solutions

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present application is implemented by the following technical solutions: A manufacturing process of a novel green and efficient compound fertilizer, comprising the following raw material mass fractions: nitrogen fertilizer 50-60 parts, phosphorus fertilizer 10-20 parts, urea sulfate 5-8 parts and potassium fertilizer 70-80 parts, including the following preparation steps:

[0008] Step one, raw material treatment:

[0009] The nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer used for producing the compound fertilizer are heated and mixed in a mixer according to the proportion to prepare a compound fertilizer mixture slurry;

[0010] Step two, extrusion:

[0011] The mixed material is sent into a granulator for extrusion granulation, an extrusion granulator is adopted, the extrusion granulator performs granulation at normal temperature, does not need fuel oil or gas, and has the advantages that granulation can not only improve the uniformity and appearance of the particles, but also reduce dust;

[0012] Step three, controlled screening:

[0013] The extrusion formed fertilizer should ensure that the material is uniformly distributed on the screen surface when feeding to avoid affecting the screening effect due to local over-thickness, thereby controlling the feeding and facilitating uniform screening work after the material is controlled;

[0014] Step four, spraying urea sulfate slurry:

[0015] After the urea sulfate slurry is accurately measured, it is sent into a drum granulator together with the extrusion particles, the urea sulfate slurry is sprayed onto the surface of the extrusion particles, and through normal compound fertilizer production process, the extrusion sprayed fertilizer product is finally formed, which is subjected to secondary granulation under the action of humidity and temperature provided by steam;

[0016] Step five: drying:

[0017] The particles prepared by the granulator are sent into a dryer to remove the water in the particles, increase the strength of the particles, and facilitate storage;

[0018] Step six: cooling:

[0019] The temperature of the fertilizer particles after drying is too high and is easy to caking, and the particles after cooling are convenient for bagging, storage and transportation;

[0020] Step seven, grading:

[0021] The particles after cooling are graded to remove unqualified particles, and the qualified particles are screened;

[0022] Step eight, coating:

[0023] The qualified products are coated to increase the brightness and roundness of the particles;

[0024] Step nine, finished product packaging:

[0025] The film-coated particles are bagged and stored in a ventilated place.

[0026] Preferably, the heating and mixing temperature in step one is 110-130°C.

[0027] Preferably, the screen mesh in the controlled screening in step three is 20-40 mesh.

[0028] Preferably, urea sulfate slurry is added as a binder in step four.

[0029] Preferably, the drying time in the dryer in step five is 8-12 hours, and the temperature is 60-70°C.

[0030] Preferably, the cooling temperature in step six is room temperature 15-25°C, and the time is 2-4 days.

[0031] The manufacturing process of roll extrusion with urea sulfate drum granulation does not need to add steam to the solid material, nor does it need to melt the solid material into a liquid state. Instead, it uses physical extrusion for the first step of granulation (the particle hardness is not enough), and then adds urea sulfate as a binder during the second drum granulation to increase the roundness of the particles and increase the particle hardness (which is significantly higher than that of the drum granulation). This facilitates mechanical fertilization. In this granulation manufacturing process, the advantages are: 1. Energy consumption is small, which is about 20% lower than that of drum granulation, and about 10% lower than that of high tower spray granulation. 2. The loss of synergistic materials is small, as there is no high temperature and chemical reaction in the granulation process, so the damage to the added synergistic materials is small. 3. The formula adjustment is flexible, as there is no need for a large amount of material to be overused between two formula adjustments, so the formula adjustment is flexible, and the basic production capacity of a formula can be reduced to dozens of tons, which is beneficial to precise formula fertilization. 4. The use of granulation agents is removed, which reduces costs and improves the water solubility of compound fertilizers.

[0032] (Three) beneficial effects

[0033] The present application provides a new type of green and efficient compound fertilizer manufacturing process. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. The present application is provided with: urea sulfate slurry, which reduces energy consumption and realizes low-cost granulation. Compared with the energy consumption of drum granulation water drying and high tower granulation material melting, the energy consumption is significantly reduced, thereby improving the market price competitiveness of compound fertilizers.

[0035] 2, The present application is provided with: urea sulfate spraying material pulp, increase the hardness of the particles, facilitate mechanized fertilization, extrusion and urea sulfate secondary prilling process, the fertilizer particle hardness can reach about 40 Newton, more than twice the hardness of the drum granulation, more than one time the hardness of the tower granulation. Prevent the particle crushing caused by the machine in the mechanical fertilization, improve the fertilization efficiency, realize the "light and simple" fertilization of agriculture.

[0036] 3, The present application is provided with: urea sulfate spraying material pulp, reduce the granulation temperature, protect the fertilizer synergist, that is: in the extrusion granulation process, we add various organic or inorganic fertilizer synergist, because of the low extrusion temperature, it can well protect the high activity of these synergistic substances, realize the synergism of ordinary chemical fertilizer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0038] Embodiment one:

[0039] The present application provides a new type of green and efficient compound fertilizer manufacturing process, which comprises the following raw material mass fraction: nitrogen fertilizer 60 parts, phosphorus fertilizer 20 parts, urea sulfate 8 parts and potassium fertilizer 80 parts.

[0040] The following preparation steps are included:

[0041] Step one, raw material treatment:

[0042] The nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer used for producing compound fertilizer are mixed in a mixer according to the proportion, compound fertilizer mixture pulp is prepared, and the prepared fertilizer has more fertile soil through the mixing of the raw materials of the compound fertilizer. The heating and mixing temperature in step one is 110-130 DEG C, and the nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are mixed more effectively by controlling the temperature.

[0043] Step two, extrusion:

[0044] The mixed material is sent into a granulator for extrusion granulation. The extrusion granulator is used for granulation at room temperature, which has the advantages of not needing fuel and gas. The granulation can not only improve the uniformity and appearance of the particles, but also reduce dust. The urea sulfate device has good energy saving effect, and the urea solution does not need steam, but relies entirely on reaction heat. In the extrusion granulation process, fertilizer synergist is added. Because of the low extrusion temperature, the high activity of these synergistic substances can be well protected, and the synergism of ordinary chemical fertilizer is realized.

[0045] Step three, control screening:

[0046] The extruded fertilizer should ensure uniform distribution of the material on the screen surface when feeding to avoid local over-thickness affecting the screening effect, thereby controlling the feeding and facilitating uniform screening after controlling the material. The screen mesh in step three control screening is 20-40 mesh;

[0047] Step four, spraying urea sulfate slurry:

[0048] After accurate measurement of urea sulfate slurry, it is sent into the drum granulator together with the extruded particles. The urea sulfate slurry is sprayed onto the surface of the extruded particles, and through the normal compound fertilizer production process, the extruded urea sulfate slurry fertilizer product is finally formed. Under the action of humidity and temperature provided by steam, secondary granulation is carried out. The hardness of the fertilizer particles can reach about 40 Newton, which is more than twice the hardness of drum granulation and more than one time the hardness of tower granulation. This prevents particle crushing caused by machinery during mechanical fertilization, improves fertilization efficiency, and realizes agricultural "light and simple" fertilization. In step four, urea sulfate slurry is added as a binder to replace non-nutrient fillers, and low-price nitrogen sources are used to replace high-price nitrogen sources. Low-viscosity and low-price phosphorus sources can be used. The amount of granulation auxiliary materials is greatly reduced, and even abandoned. The water content of the extruded urea sulfate slurry product is low, the particle strength and roundness are greatly improved, the burrs of the extruded particles are reduced, and the surface lubrication and slurry reduce the probability of particle powdering, deliquescence, adhesion, and bridging. The anti-caking performance of the product is greatly improved;

[0049] Step five: drying:

[0050] The particles prepared by the granulator are sent into the dryer to remove the water in the particles, increase the particle strength, and facilitate storage. The drying time of the dryer in step five is 8-12 hours, and the temperature is 60-70℃. Drying the prepared high-efficiency fertilizer is more conducive to storage and transportation;

[0051] Step six: cooling:

[0052] The temperature of the dried fertilizer particles is too high and easy to caking. The cooled particles are convenient for bagging, storage, and transportation. The cooling temperature in step six is normal temperature 15-25℃, and the time is 2-4 days. Natural cooling of the dried fertilizer is conducive to low-temperature storage;

[0053] Step seven, classification:

[0054] The cooled particles are classified to remove unqualified particles, and the qualified particles are screened. Screening can intercept defective fertilizer for recycling and reprocessing;

[0055] Step eight, coating:

[0056] Qualified products are coated and film-coated to increase the brightness and roundness of the particles. The coating can prevent the waste from getting wet.

[0057] Step 9: Finished product packaging:

[0058] The film-wrapped particles are bagged and stored in a ventilated place. The finished product packaging can facilitate transportation and storage.

[0059] Adopt the manufacturing process of roller extrusion and urea sulfate rotary drum granulation, neither need to add steam water to solid materials, nor melt solid materials into liquid state, but adopt physical extrusion first step granulation (particle hardness is not enough), then add urea sulfate as binding agent during secondary rotary drum granulation, increase particle roundness and increase particle hardness (sharply increased than drum granulation hardness), convenient mechanical fertilization. In this granulation manufacturing process production, the advantages are: first, energy consumption is low, about more than 20% energy consumption is reduced than drum granulation, and more than 10% energy consumption is reduced than high tower spray granulation. Second, there is little loss of synergistic material, because there is no high temperature and chemical reaction in the granulation process, so the synergistic material added is little damaged. Third, the formula adjustment is flexible, because there is no need for a large amount of material to be excessive between the two formula adjustments, so the formula adjustment is flexible, the basic production volume of a formula can be reduced to tens of tons, which is conducive to the accurate implementation of formula fertilization. Fourth, the use of granulating agent is removed, which reduces cost and can also improve the water solubility of compound fertilizer.

[0060] Example 2:

[0061] The embodiment of the present invention provides a manufacturing process for a novel green and efficient compound fertilizer, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 10 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 5 parts of urea sulfate and 70 parts of potash fertilizer;

[0062] The method comprises the following preparation steps:

[0063] Step 1, raw material processing:

[0064] The nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer used in the production of compound fertilizer are heated and mixed in a mixer in proportion to prepare a compound fertilizer mixed slurry. By mixing the raw materials of the compound fertilizer, the prepared fertilizer can be made more fertile for the soil. The heating and mixing temperature in step 1 is 110-130° C. By controlling the temperature, the nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer can be mixed more effectively.

[0065] Step 2: Extrusion:

[0066] The mixed materials are sent to the granulator for extrusion granulation. The extrusion granulator is used. The granulation is carried out at room temperature and does not require fuel or gas. Granulation can not only improve the uniformity and appearance of the particles, but also reduce dust.

[0067] Step 3: Controlled screening:

[0068] The extruded fertilizer should ensure uniform distribution of the material on the screen surface when feeding, avoid local over-thickness affecting the screening effect, thereby controlling the feeding, facilitating uniform screening after controlling the material, and the screen mesh in the third step of quantity control screening is 20-40 meshes;

[0069] Step four: drying:

[0070] The granulator sends the prepared particles into the dryer to remove the moisture in the particles, increase the particle strength, facilitate storage, and the drying time of the dryer in step five is 8-12 hours, and the temperature is 60-70 DEG C, which is more conducive to storage and transportation operation by drying the prepared high-efficiency fertilizer;

[0071] Step five: cooling:

[0072] The temperature of the dried fertilizer particles is too high and is easy to be caked, and the particles after cooling are convenient for bagging and transportation, the cooling temperature in step six is normal temperature 15-25 DEG C, and the time is 2-4 days, and the natural cooling of the dried fertilizer can be beneficial to low-temperature storage;

[0073] Step six, grading:

[0074] The particles after cooling are graded, the unqualified particles are removed, and the qualified particles are screened, and the defective fertilizer can be intercepted by screening, facilitating recycling and reprocessing;

[0075] Step seven, coating:

[0076] The qualified product is coated and coated to increase the brightness and roundness of the particles, and the coating can prevent the waste from being damp;

[0077] Step eight, product packaging:

[0078] The coated particles are bagged and stored in a ventilated place, and the packaging of the finished product can facilitate transportation and storage.

[0079] Comparative example:

[0080] The embodiment of the application provides a novel green and efficient compound fertilizer manufacturing process, which comprises the following raw materials: nitrogen fertilizer 50-60 parts, phosphorus fertilizer 10-20 parts, urea sulfate 5-8 parts and potassium fertilizer 70-80 parts.

[0081] Green and efficient compound fertilizers prepared by using example one, example two and comparative example are used respectively, and the improvement of the compound fertilizer is recorded, and the results are shown in table 1:

[0082] Table 1

[0083] Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example Nitrogen fertilizer / portion 60 50 50 Phosphorus fertilizer / portion 20 10 10 Urea sulfate / portion 8 5 0 Potassium fertilizer / portion 80 70 70 Compound fertilizer Good Good Fair Fair

[0084] From Table 1, it can be seen that the addition of different nitrogen, phosphorus, urea sulfate and potassium fertilizers in Example 1, Example 2 and Example 3 has different effects on the improvement of the fertilizer, and the addition of urea sulfate improves the green and efficient compound fertilizer.

[0085] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various modifications, substitutions, replacements and changes can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A new type of green and efficient compound fertilizer manufacturing process, characterized by: The raw materials include: 50-60 parts by weight of nitrogen fertilizer, 10-20 parts by weight of phosphate fertilizer, 5-8 parts by weight of urea sulfate and 70-80 parts by weight of potash fertilizer; The method comprises the following preparation steps: Step 1, raw material processing: The nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer used in the production of compound fertilizer are heated and mixed in proportion in a mixer to prepare a compound fertilizer mixed slurry; Step 2: Extrusion: The mixed materials are sent to the granulator for extrusion granulation. The extrusion granulator is used. The granulation is carried out at room temperature and does not require fuel or gas. Granulation can not only improve the uniformity and appearance of the particles, but also reduce dust. Step 3: Controlled screening: When feeding extruded fertilizer, ensure that the material is evenly distributed on the screen surface to avoid local excessive thickness affecting the screening effect, so as to control the feeding and facilitate uniform screening after feeding. Step 4: Spraying urea sulfate slurry: Urea sulfate slurry is accurately metered and fed into the drum granulator together with the extruded granules. The urea sulfate slurry is sprayed onto the surface of the extruded granules. After the normal compound fertilizer production process, the extruded spray fertilizer product is finally formed. Secondary granulation is carried out under the action of humidity and temperature provided by steam. Step 5: Drying: The granules made by the granulator are sent to the dryer to remove moisture from the granules, increase the granule strength and facilitate storage; Step 6: Cooling: The temperature of the fertilizer granules after drying is too high and they are easy to clump. The granules after cooling are easy to bag, store and transport. Step 7, classification: The cooled particles are graded to remove unqualified particles and the qualified particles are screened; Step 8, Encapsulation: Qualified products are coated and coated to increase the brightness and roundness of the particles; Step 9: Finished product packaging: Put the wrapped particles into bags and store them in a ventilated place.

2. The process for producing a novel green and efficient compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating and mixing temperature in step 1 is 110-130°C.

3. The manufacturing process of a novel green and efficient compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screen used in the controlled screening in step 3 is 20-40 mesh.

4. The process for producing a novel green and efficient compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, urea sulfate slurry is added as a binder.

5. The manufacturing process of a novel green and efficient compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying time in the drying machine in step 5 is 8-12 hours and the temperature is 60-70°C.

6. The process for producing a novel green and efficient compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling temperature in step 6 is room temperature (15-25° C.) and the cooling time is 2-4 days.