High-weather-resistance walkway plate for rail transit and preparation method of high-weather-resistance walkway plate

Abstract

The invention discloses a high weather-resistant walkway plate for rail transit, and particularly relates to the technical field of walkway plates, the high weather-resistant walkway plate comprises a walkway plate and a weather-resistant coating coated on the walkway plate, the walkway plate comprises the following raw materials: modified vinyl resin, short carbon fiber, a low shrinkage agent, an inorganic mineral filler, an antioxidant, a UV absorbent, a curing agent, a thickening agent and a release agent; the weather-resistant coating is prepared from the following raw materials: polyacrylic resin, a flatting agent, a nano filler, polyimide, an antirust agent and an organic solvent. According to the modified vinyl resin, hexafluorobutyl methacrylate is utilized for modification, fluorine-containing monomers are introduced into the vinyl resin, fluorine atoms are high in electronegativity, surface energy can be reduced, photooxidation reaction is reduced, and therefore corrosion resistance and weather resistance of the vinyl resin are improved; the nano filler not only can improve the weather resistance and corrosion resistance of the weather-resistant coating, but also enables the wear-resistant effect of the weather-resistant coating to be better.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of walkway plates for subways and high-speed rails, and more particularly to a high-weather-resistance walkway plate for rail transit and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Sheet molding compound (SMC) is a resin-based composite material reinforced with glass fibers developed in the 1960s. SMC molding compound has been widely used in various industries such as electrical appliances, instruments, automobile manufacturing, aviation, transportation, and construction due to its excellent mechanical properties, superior electrical properties, heat resistance, low shrinkage, and good processing performance, especially in the electrical appliance industry. In recent years, many domestic and foreign enterprises and research departments have researched the properties of resins and fibers in order to obtain high-performance SMC composite materials. From the current development status of the industry, conventional SMC mainly uses unsaturated polyester resin as the matrix, fills other materials, and uses glass fibers as the main raw material, while also using low shrinkage additives, initiators, thickeners, and release agents as auxiliary raw materials.

[0003] With the continuous development of science and technology in China, transportation is becoming more and more convenient, especially with the gradual popularization of high-speed rail and subway, making travel more convenient. Sheet molding compound is widely used in high-speed rail and subway. For example, SMC materials are mostly used to make the floor of high-speed rail and subway. However, SMC materials used as walkway floor in high-speed rail or subway have poor wear resistance and insufficient weather resistance, and are easily corroded when acidic or alkaline liquids are spilled. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the embodiments of the present application provide a high-weather-resistance walkway plate for rail transit and a preparation method thereof, and the problems to be solved by the present application are how to improve the weather resistance and wear resistance of SMC material walkway plates for high-speed rail or subway.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a high-weather-resistance walkway plate for rail transit, comprising a walkway plate and a weather-resistant coating coated on the walkway plate, the walkway plate comprises the following raw materials by weight: 80-100 parts of modified vinyl resin, 90-120 parts of chopped carbon fiber, 30-60 parts of low shrinkage agent, 140-200 parts of inorganic mineral filler, 3-7 parts of antioxidant, 2-4 parts of UV absorber, 1-3 parts of curing agent, 2-4 parts of thickening agent, and 2-4 parts of release agent.

[0006] The weather-resistant coating comprises the following raw materials by weight: polyacrylic resin 60-100 parts, leveling agent 1-5 parts, nano filler 3-8 parts, polyimide 5-10 parts, anti-rust agent 2-6 parts, organic solvent 150-260 parts.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the walkway board comprises the following raw materials by weight: modified vinyl resin 85-95 parts, chopped carbon fiber 100-110 parts, low shrinkage agent 40-50 parts, inorganic mineral filler 160-180 parts, antioxidant 4-6 parts, UV absorber 2.5-3.5 parts, curing agent 1.5-2.5 parts, thickening agent 2.5-3.5 parts, and release agent 2.5-3.5 parts.

[0008] The weather-resistant coating comprises the following raw materials by weight: polyacrylic resin 70-90 parts, leveling agent 2-4 parts, nano filler 5-6 parts, polyimide 7-8 parts, anti-rust agent 3-5 parts, organic solvent 180-220 parts.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the walkway board comprises the following raw materials by weight: modified vinyl resin 90 parts, chopped carbon fiber 105 parts, low shrinkage agent 45 parts, inorganic mineral filler 170 parts, antioxidant 5 parts, UV absorber 3 parts, curing agent 2 parts, thickening agent 3 parts, and release agent 3 parts.

[0010] The weather-resistant coating comprises the following raw materials by weight: polyacrylic resin 80 parts, leveling agent 3 parts, nano filler 5.5 parts, polyimide 7.5 parts, anti-rust agent 4 parts, organic solvent 200 parts.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the preparation method of the modified vinyl resin is as follows:

[0012] S1: Dissolve the vinyl resin in toluene, then add hexafluorobutyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile to the solution, and stir to mix uniformly to obtain a mixed solution;

[0013] S2: Pass nitrogen into the mixed solution for 20-40 minutes, and heat to 60-70°C under nitrogen atmosphere, and react at a constant temperature for 6-8 hours under magnetic stirring at 300-500 rpm;

[0014] S3: After constant temperature reaction, cool to room temperature, slowly pour the reaction solution into methanol, precipitate the polymer, wash with ethanol after filtration, then vacuum dry at 55-65°C for 20-28 hours to obtain the modified vinyl resin.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the concentration of the vinyl resin after being dissolved in step S1 is 20-30wt%, and the adding amount of the hexafluorobutyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile is 5-20wt% and 0.5-2wt% of the mass of the vinyl resin respectively.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the low shrinkage agent is one of PVAc, PS or PMMA, the inorganic mineral filler is a mixture of aluminum hydroxide with different mesh numbers, the antioxidant is a microcapsule antioxidant, the UV absorber is one of salicylate ultraviolet absorber, phenone ultraviolet absorber or benzotriazole ultraviolet absorber, the curing agent is TBPB, the thickening agent is liquid magnesium oxide, and the release agent is zinc stearate.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the preparation method of the microcapsule antioxidant is as follows:

[0018] The antioxidant 1010 is mixed with nano zinc oxide at a mass ratio of 5:1, and the mixture is coated with ethyl cellulose to prepare a microcapsule antioxidant.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the leveling agent in the weather-resistant coating is DuPont FS31 or DuPont FS3100, the nano filler is a mixture of nano yttrium powder, nano aluminum powder and nano silicon dioxide, and the mass ratio of the nano yttrium powder, nano aluminum powder and nano silicon dioxide is 1:(0.5-1):(0.6-1.2), the anti-rust agent is a mixture of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer and tertiary butyl hydroquinone, and the mass ratio of the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer and tertiary butyl hydroquinone is 1:(0.2-0.8), and the organic solvent is one of ethyl lactate, butyl acetate or ethyl acetate.

[0020] The application also provides a preparation method of a high-weather-resistant walkway plate for rail transit, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step one: the weighed modified vinyl resin and curing agent are stirred and mixed uniformly, then the low shrinkage agent, inorganic mineral filler, antioxidant, UV absorber, thickening agent and release agent are stirred and mixed uniformly, and then heated to 35-45℃, then the chopped carbon fiber is added to obtain a prepreg, the prepreg is cured at 45-55℃ to obtain a cured prepreg, and the cured prepreg is subjected to mold pressing, demolding to obtain a walkway plate;

[0022] Step two: the weighed polyacrylic acid resin, leveling agent, nano filler, polyimide, anti-rust agent and organic solvent are mixed, and stirred uniformly under the action of ultrasonic assistance to obtain a weather-resistant coating;

[0023] Step three: the weather-resistant paint in step two is placed in a spray gun, and the weather-resistant paint is evenly coated on the walkway plate obtained in step one by using the spray gun, and after the coating is completed, a weather-resistant coating is obtained after curing treatment, thereby obtaining the high-weather-resistant walkway plate for rail transit.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, characterized in that: the curing temperature in step three is 80-100 DEG C, the curing time is 4-6h, the temperature of the female die in step one is 135-145 DEG C, the temperature of the male die reaches 140-150 DEG C, the die pressing pressure is 2-4 MPa, and the pressure holding time is 40-80 seconds.

[0025] Technical effects and advantages of the present application:

[0026] 1. The high-weather-resistant walkway plate for rail transit uses modified vinyl resin as raw material, and adds short carbon fiber, inorganic mineral filler, antioxidant, UV absorber and other raw materials. The modified vinyl resin is modified by using hexafluorobutyl methacrylate, so that fluorine-containing monomers are introduced into the vinyl resin. Fluorine atoms have strong electronegativity, which can reduce surface energy and reduce photo-oxidation reaction, thereby improving the corrosion resistance and weather resistance of the vinyl resin. Moreover, the addition of antioxidants and UV absorbers can also improve the weather resistance of the walkway plate. Moreover, the antioxidant is nano zinc oxide coated with antioxidant 1010. Nano zinc oxide itself has good ultraviolet light absorption capacity, and the outside is coated with antioxidant, so that the walkway plate has better resistance effect.

[0027] 2. The weather-resistant coating is coated on the outside of the walkway plate, and the weather-resistant coating uses polyacrylic resin as raw material and adds nano filler, polyimide and antirust agent. The nano filler contains nano yttrium powder, nano aluminum powder and nano silicon dioxide, which can not only improve the weather resistance and corrosion resistance of the weather-resistant coating, but also make the weather-resistant coating have better wear resistance, and the polyimide makes the coating have good adhesion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments in the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] Embodiment 1:

[0030] The application provides a high-weather-resistance walkway plate for rail transit, which comprises a walkway plate and a weather-resistant coating coated on the walkway plate, and the walkway plate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: modified vinyl resin 80 parts, chopped carbon fiber 90 parts, low shrinkage agent 30 parts, inorganic mineral filler 140 parts, antioxidant 3 parts, UV absorber 2 parts, curing agent 1 part, thickening agent 2 parts and release agent 2 parts.

[0031] The weather-resistant coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: polyacrylic acid resin 60 parts, leveling agent 1 part, nano filler 3 parts, polyimide 5 parts, antirust agent 2 parts and organic solvent 150 parts.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the preparation method of the modified vinyl resin is as follows:

[0033] S1: dissolving the vinyl resin in toluene, then adding hexafluorobutyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile into the solution, and stirring to obtain a mixed solution;

[0034] S2: passing nitrogen into the mixed solution for 30 minutes, heating to 65 DEG C under the nitrogen atmosphere, and reacting at a constant temperature for 7 hours under the magnetic stirring at 400 rpm;

[0035] S3: after the constant temperature reaction, cooling to room temperature, slowly pouring the reaction solution into methanol, precipitating the polymer, washing after filtration, and then vacuum drying at 60 DEG C for 24 hours to obtain the modified vinyl resin.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the concentration of the vinyl resin after the dissolution in step S1 is 25 wt%, and the adding amount of the hexafluorobutyl methacrylate and the azobisisobutyronitrile is 10 wt% and 1 wt% of the mass of the vinyl resin respectively.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the low shrinkage agent is PVAc, the inorganic mineral filler is a mixture of aluminum hydroxide with different mesh numbers, the antioxidant is a microcapsule antioxidant, the UV absorber is a salicylate ultraviolet absorber, the curing agent is TBPB, the thickening agent is liquid magnesium oxide, and the release agent is zinc stearate.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the preparation method of the microcapsule antioxidant is as follows:

[0039] The antioxidant 1010 is mixed with nano zinc oxide according to a mass ratio of 5:1, and the microcapsule antioxidant is prepared by coating with ethyl cellulose.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the leveling agent in the weather-resistant coating is DuPont FS31, the nanofiller is a mixture of nano-yttrium powder, nano-aluminum powder and nano-silica, and the mass ratio of the nano-yttrium powder, nano-aluminum powder and nano-silica is 1:0.8:1, the rust inhibitor is a mixture of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer and tert-butyl hydroquinone, and the mass ratio of the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer and tert-butyl hydroquinone is 1:0.5, and the organic solvent is ethyl lactate.

[0041] The application also provides a preparation method of the high-weather-resistant walkway plate for rail transit, comprising the following steps:

[0042] Step one: the weighed modified vinyl resin and curing agent are stirred and mixed uniformly according to the above weight parts, then the low shrinkage agent, inorganic mineral filler, antioxidant, UV absorber, thickening agent and release agent are stirred and mixed uniformly, and then heated to 40℃, and then the chopped carbon fiber is added to obtain a prepreg, and the prepreg is cured at 50℃ to obtain a cured prepreg, and the cured prepreg is subjected to mold pressing forming and demolding to obtain the walkway plate;

[0043] Step two: the polyacrylic acid resin, leveling agent, nanofiller, polyimide, rust inhibitor and organic solvent are mixed according to the above weight parts, and stirred uniformly under the action of ultrasonic assistance to obtain a weather-resistant coating;

[0044] Step three: the weather-resistant coating in step two is placed in a spray gun, and the weather-resistant coating is uniformly coated on the walkway plate obtained in step one by using the spray gun, and after the coating is completed, a curing treatment is performed to obtain a weather-resistant coating, so as to obtain the high-weather-resistant walkway plate for rail transit.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the curing temperature in step three is 90℃, the curing time is 5h, the mold pressing forming female die temperature in step one is 140℃, the male die temperature reaches 145℃, the mold pressing pressure is 3MPa, and the pressure holding time is 60 seconds.

[0046] Example 2:

[0047] Different from example 1, the walkway plate comprises the following raw materials in weight parts: modified vinyl resin 90 parts, chopped carbon fiber 105 parts, low shrinkage agent 45 parts, inorganic mineral filler 170 parts, antioxidant 5 parts, UV absorber 3 parts, curing agent 2 parts, thickening agent 3 parts and release agent 3 parts.

[0048] Example 3:

[0049] Different from the embodiment 1, the walkway board comprises the following raw materials by weight: modified vinyl resin 100 parts, short carbon fiber 120 parts, low shrinkage agent 60 parts, inorganic mineral filler 200 parts, antioxidant 7 parts, UV absorber 4 parts, curing agent 3 parts, thickening agent 4 parts and release agent 4 parts.

[0050] Embodiment 4:

[0051] Different from the embodiment 2, the weather-resistant coating comprises the following raw materials by weight: polyacrylic resin 80 parts, leveling agent 3 parts, nano filler 5.5 parts, polyimide 7.5 parts, anti-rust agent 4 parts, organic solvent 200 parts.

[0052] Embodiment 5:

[0053] Different from the embodiment 2, the weather-resistant coating comprises the following raw materials by weight: polyacrylic resin 100 parts, leveling agent 5 parts, nano filler 8 parts, polyimide 10 parts, anti-rust agent 6 parts, organic solvent 260 parts.

[0054] Comparative example 1:

[0055] The present application provides a high-weather-resistant walkway board for rail transit, comprising a walkway board and a weather-resistant coating coated on the walkway board, wherein the walkway board comprises the following raw materials by weight: vinyl resin 80 parts, short carbon fiber 90 parts, low shrinkage agent 30 parts, inorganic mineral filler 140 parts, antioxidant 3 parts, UV absorber 2 parts, curing agent 1 part, thickening agent 2 parts and release agent 2 parts.

[0056] The weather-resistant coating comprises the following raw materials by weight: polyacrylic resin 60 parts, leveling agent 1 part, nano filler 3 parts, polyimide 5 parts, anti-rust agent 2 parts, organic solvent 150 parts.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the low shrinkage agent is PVAc, the inorganic mineral filler is a mixture of aluminum hydroxide with different mesh numbers, the antioxidant is a microcapsule antioxidant, the UV absorber is a salicylate ultraviolet absorber, the curing agent is TBPB, the thickening agent is liquid magnesium oxide, and the release agent is zinc stearate.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, the preparation method of the microcapsule antioxidant is as follows:

[0059] The antioxidant 1010 is mixed with nano zinc oxide at a mass ratio of 5:1, and a microcapsule antioxidant is prepared by coating with ethyl cellulose.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, the leveling agent in the weather-resistant coating is DuPont FS31, the nanofiller is a mixture of nano-yttrium powder, nano-aluminum powder and nano-silicon dioxide, and the mass ratio of the nano-yttrium powder, nano-aluminum powder and nano-silicon dioxide is 1:0.8:1, the rust inhibitor is a mixture of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer and tert-butyl hydroquinone, and the mass ratio of the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer and tert-butyl hydroquinone is 1:0.5, and the organic solvent is ethyl lactate.

[0061] The application further provides a preparation method of the high-weather-resistant walkway plate for rail transit.

[0062] Step one: the weighed vinyl resin and curing agent are stirred and mixed uniformly according to the above weight parts, then the low shrinkage agent, inorganic mineral filler, antioxidant, UV absorber, thickening agent and release agent are stirred and mixed uniformly, and then heated to 40℃, and then the chopped carbon fiber is added to obtain a prepreg, the prepreg is cured at 50℃ to obtain a cured prepreg, and the cured prepreg is subjected to mold pressing forming and demolding to obtain the walkway plate.

[0063] Step two: the polyacrylic acid resin, leveling agent, nanofiller, polyimide, rust inhibitor and organic solvent are mixed according to the above weight parts, and stirred uniformly under the action of ultrasonic assistance to obtain a weather-resistant coating.

[0064] Step three: the weather-resistant coating in step two is placed in a spray gun, and the weather-resistant coating is uniformly coated on the walkway plate obtained in step one by using the spray gun, and after coating is completed, curing treatment is performed to obtain a weather-resistant coating, so that the high-weather-resistant walkway plate for rail transit is obtained.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, the curing temperature in step three is 90℃, the curing time is 5h, the mold pressing forming female die temperature in step one is 140℃, the male die temperature reaches 145℃, the mold pressing pressure is 3MPa, and the pressure holding time is 60 seconds.

[0066] Comparative example 2:

[0067] The application provides a high-weather-resistant walkway plate for rail transit, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: modified vinyl resin 80 parts, chopped carbon fiber 90 parts, low shrinkage agent 30 parts, inorganic mineral filler 140 parts, antioxidant 3 parts, UV absorber 2 parts, curing agent 1 part, thickening agent 2 parts and release agent 2 parts.

[0068] In a preferred embodiment, the preparation method of the modified vinyl resin is as follows:

[0069] S1: the vinyl resin is dissolved in toluene, then hexafluorobutyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile are added to the dissolution solution, and the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly to obtain a mixed solution;

[0070] S2: nitrogen is bubbled into the mixed solution for 30 minutes, and the solution is heated to 65℃ under nitrogen atmosphere, and the reaction is kept at constant temperature for 7 hours under magnetic stirring at 400 rpm;

[0071] S3: after the constant temperature reaction, the reaction solution is slowly poured into methanol, and the polymer is precipitated, filtered, washed with ethanol, and then dried at 60℃ under vacuum for 24 hours to obtain the modified vinyl resin.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment, the concentration of the vinyl resin after dissolution in step S1 is 25wt%, and the addition amount of the hexafluorobutyl methacrylate and the azobisisobutyronitrile is 10wt% and 1wt% of the mass of the vinyl resin, respectively.

[0073] In a preferred embodiment, the low shrinkage agent is PVAc, the inorganic mineral filler is a mixture of aluminum hydroxide with different mesh numbers, the antioxidant is a microcapsule antioxidant, the UV absorber is a salicylate ultraviolet absorber, the curing agent is TBPB, the thickening agent is liquid magnesium oxide, and the release agent is zinc stearate.

[0074] In a preferred embodiment, the preparation method of the microcapsule antioxidant is as follows:

[0075] The antioxidant 1010 and nano zinc oxide are mixed in a mass ratio of 5:1, and a microcapsule antioxidant is prepared by coating with ethyl cellulose.

[0076] The application also provides a preparation method of a high-weatherability walkway plate for rail transit, comprising the following steps:

[0077] The modified vinyl resin and the curing agent weighed according to the above weight parts are stirred and uniformly mixed, then the low shrinkage agent, the inorganic mineral filler, the antioxidant, the UV absorber, the thickening agent, and the release agent are stirred and uniformly mixed, and then heated to 40℃, and then the chopped carbon fiber is added to obtain a prepreg, the prepreg is cured at 50℃ to obtain a cured prepreg, and the cured prepreg is subjected to mold pressing, demolding to obtain the high-weatherability walkway plate for rail transit.

[0078] In a preferred embodiment, the temperature of the female mold for mold pressing is 140℃, the temperature of the male mold reaches 145℃, the mold pressing pressure is 3MPa, and the pressure holding time is 60 seconds.

[0079] The high-weatherability walkway plates for rail transit produced in Examples 1-5 are respectively taken as experimental group 1, experimental group 2, experimental group 3, experimental group 4, and experimental group 5, and the walkway plates produced in Comparative Examples 1-2 are taken as control group 1 and control group 2, and the selected walkway plates are respectively subjected to weather resistance detection and wear resistance detection.

[0080] Weather resistance detection: the performance of the walkway board is detected according to the national standard, wherein the xenon arc lamp aging test of the walkway board is carried out according to GB / T16422.2-1999;

[0081] Wear resistance detection: the wear amount is measured according to GB / T18301-2012.

[0082] The measurement results are shown in Table 1:

[0083]

[0084] Table 1

[0085] It can be seen from the above Table 1 that the high-weather-resistance walkway board for rail transit produced in the embodiment has good weather resistance and wear resistance, and the walkway board produced in Example 4 has the best effect. Comparative Example 1 uses unmodified vinyl resin relative to Example 1, and the weather resistance decreases. Comparative Example 2 has a weather-resistant coating relative to Example 1, and both the weather resistance and the wear resistance decrease. Therefore, the modified vinyl resin is used as the raw material in the present application, and short carbon fibers, inorganic mineral fillers, antioxidants, UV absorbers and other raw materials are added. The modified vinyl resin is modified by using hexafluorobutyl methacrylate, so that fluorine-containing monomers are introduced into the vinyl resin. The fluorine atom has strong electronegativity, which can reduce the surface energy and reduce the photo-oxidation reaction, thereby improving the corrosion resistance and weather resistance of the vinyl resin. Moreover, the addition of antioxidants and UV absorbers can also improve the weather resistance of the walkway board. The antioxidant is nano zinc oxide coated with antioxidant 1010. The nano zinc oxide itself has good ultraviolet light absorption capacity, and the outside is coated with an antioxidant, so that the weather resistance of the walkway board is better. The weather-resistant coating is coated on the outside of the walkway board, and the weather-resistant coating is made of polyacrylic resin and added with nano filler, polyimide and anti-rust agent. The nano filler contains nano yttrium powder, nano aluminum powder and nano silicon dioxide, which can not only improve the weather resistance and corrosion resistance of the weather-resistant coating, but also make the wear resistance of the weather-resistant coating better. The polyimide makes the coating have good adhesion.

[0086] Finally, the above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A highly weather-resistant walkway slab for rail transit, characterized by: The invention comprises a walkway board and a weather-resistant coating applied on the walkway board. The walkway board comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of modified vinyl resin, 90-120 parts of chopped carbon fibers, 30-60 parts of low shrinkage agent, 140-200 parts of inorganic mineral filler, 3-7 parts of antioxidant, 2-4 parts of UV absorber, 1-3 parts of curing agent, 2-4 parts of thickener and 2-4 parts of release agent; The weather-resistant coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-100 parts of polyacrylic resin, 1-5 parts of leveling agent, 3-8 parts of nano filler, 5-10 parts of polyimide, 2-6 parts of rust inhibitor, and 150-260 parts of organic solvent.

2. The highly weather-resistant walkway slab for rail transit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The walkway board comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85-95 parts of modified vinyl resin, 100-110 parts of chopped carbon fibers, 40-50 parts of low shrinkage agent, 160-180 parts of inorganic mineral filler, 4-6 parts of antioxidant, 2.5-3.5 parts of UV absorber, 1.5-2.5 parts of curing agent, 2.5-3.5 parts of thickener and 2.5-3.5 parts of release agent; The weather-resistant coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of polyacrylic resin, 2-4 parts of leveling agent, 5-6 parts of nano filler, 7-8 parts of polyimide, 3-5 parts of rust inhibitor, and 180-220 parts of organic solvent.

3. The highly weather-resistant walkway slab for rail transit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The walkway board comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of modified vinyl resin, 105 parts of chopped carbon fibers, 45 parts of low shrinkage agent, 170 parts of inorganic mineral filler, 5 parts of antioxidant, 3 parts of UV absorber, 2 parts of curing agent, 3 parts of thickener and 3 parts of release agent; The weather-resistant coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of polyacrylic resin, 3 parts of leveling agent, 5.5 parts of nano filler, 7.5 parts of polyimide, 4 parts of rust inhibitor, and 200 parts of organic solvent.

4. The highly weather-resistant walkway slab for rail transit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the modified vinyl resin is: S1: dissolving a vinyl resin in toluene, then adding hexafluorobutyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile to the solution, stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution; S2: nitrogen was introduced into the mixed solution for 20-40 minutes, the temperature was raised to 60-70°C under nitrogen atmosphere, and the reaction was carried out at a constant temperature for 6-8 hours under magnetic stirring at 300-500 rpm; S3: After the reaction at a constant temperature, the temperature is lowered to room temperature, and the reaction solution is slowly poured into methanol to precipitate a polymer. The polymer is filtered and washed with ethanol, and then vacuum dried at 55-65° C. for 20-28 hours to obtain a modified vinyl resin.

5. The highly weather-resistant walkway slab for rail transit according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S1, the concentration of the dissolved vinyl resin is 20-30 wt %, and the added amounts of hexafluorobutyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile are 5-20 wt % and 0.5-2 wt % of the mass of the vinyl resin, respectively.

6. The highly weather-resistant walkway slab for rail transit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low shrinkage agent is one of PVAc, PS or PMMA, the inorganic mineral filler is a mixture of aluminum hydroxide of different mesh sizes, the antioxidant is a microcapsule antioxidant, the UV absorber is one of a salicylate ultraviolet absorber, a benzophenone ultraviolet absorber or a benzotriazole ultraviolet absorber, the curing agent is TBPB, the thickener is liquid magnesium oxide, and the release agent is zinc stearate.

7. The highly weather-resistant walkway slab for rail transit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preparation method of the microcapsule antioxidant is as follows: Antioxidant 1010 and nano zinc oxide were mixed in a mass ratio of 5:1 and coated with ethyl cellulose to prepare a microcapsule antioxidant.

8. The highly weather-resistant walkway slab for rail transit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leveling agent in the weather-resistant coating is DuPont FS31 or DuPont FS3100, the nano-filler is a mixture of nano-yttrium powder, nano-aluminum powder and nano-silica, and the mass ratio of the nano-yttrium powder, nano-aluminum powder and nano-silica is 1:(0.5-1):(0.6-1.2), the rust inhibitor is a mixture of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer and tert-butylhydroquinone, and the mass ratio of the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer to tert-butylhydroquinone is 1:(0.2-0.8), and the organic solvent is one of ethyl lactate, butyl acetate or ethyl acetate.

9. The method for preparing a highly weather-resistant walkway slab for rail transit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Stir and mix the weighed modified vinyl resin and curing agent according to the above weight parts, then add a low shrinkage agent, an inorganic mineral filler, an antioxidant, a UV absorber, a thickener and a release agent, stir and mix evenly, then heat to 35-45°C, then add chopped carbon fiber to obtain a prepreg, and mature the prepreg at 45-55°C to obtain a matured prepreg, and mold the matured prepreg to obtain a walkway board after molding and demolding; Step 2: Mix the polyacrylic resin, leveling agent, nanofiller, polyimide, rust inhibitor and organic solvent according to the above weight parts, and stir them evenly under the assistance of ultrasound to obtain a weather-resistant coating; Step 3: Place the weather-resistant coating in step 2 in a spray gun, and use the spray gun to evenly coat the weather-resistant coating on the walkway board obtained in step 1. After coating, the weather-resistant coating is cured to obtain a highly weather-resistant walkway board for rail transit.

10. The method for preparing a highly weather-resistant walkway slab for rail transit according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the step three, the curing temperature is 80-100° C. and the curing time is 4-6 hours. In the step one, the temperature of the female mold for compression molding is 135-145° C. and the temperature of the male mold reaches 140-150° C. The molding pressure is 2-4 MPa and the pressure is maintained for 40-80 seconds.

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