Modular ecological slope protection structure and method based on solid waste synthetic soil

Abstract

The invention discloses a modular ecological slope protection structure and method based on solid waste synthetic soil, and belongs to the field of solid waste resource utilization and rock-soil slope ecological restoration. The modular ecological slope protection structure comprises embedded modules, transverse steel bars, vertical steel bars, cross-shaped sleeves and anchor rods; the embedded modules are formed by filling solid waste synthetic soil prepared from coal gangue, peat soil and plant fibers according to the ratio of 6: 3: 1 into a polypropylene non-woven fabric bag and shaping, trapezoidal tenons, grooves and inner drainage holes are formed, and adjacent modules are embedded to form outer drainage ports; the modules are stacked and embedded, the transverse / vertical steel bars penetrate through the drainage holes and are connected with the cross-shaped sleeves, and then the cross-shaped sleeves are fixed to the side slope anchor rods. The method comprises the steps of module preparation, stacking and embedding, steel bar installation and fixed connection. Through modular embedding and solid waste utilization, the slope protection stability is enhanced, the construction efficiency is improved, the use amount of steel bar anchor rods is reduced, the cost is reduced, and ecological environmental protection and solid waste recycling are achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization and geotechnical slope ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a modular ecological slope protection structure and method based on solid waste synthetic soil. BACKGROUND

[0002] During the engineering excavation process of mine exploitation, highway construction, railway construction, building engineering and the like, a large number of high and steep rock slopes are formed, which not only seriously damage the ecological environment, but also have great difficulty in ecological restoration due to problems such as steep terrain and poor soil. In order to improve the ecological restoration effect and stability of the high and steep rock slope, the mainstream technology at present mainly includes the ecological slope protection by means of vegetation growth concrete spray seeding and the traditional ecological slope protection by means of vegetation growth bag.

[0003] The traditional ecological slope protection by means of vegetation growth bag adopts the mode of directly piling up the slope surface for planting vegetation after filling the soil in the non-woven fabric ecological bag on site, but this technology has obvious defects: the slope stability is poor, especially when the slope surface area is large, intensive horizontal and vertical steel bars and anchor rods need to be used for fixation, which leads to a significant increase in construction cost. Meanwhile, the solid waste such as coal gangue and phosphogypsum tailings generated by mine exploitation is prone to cause ecological environmental problems, and the large-scale utilization rate of solid waste synthetic soil has been low, which fails to effectively realize the solid waste resource utilization.

[0004] In view of the problems of insufficient slope stability, high construction cost and low solid waste utilization rate in the prior art, the present application provides a modular ecological slope protection structure and method based on solid waste synthetic soil, which effectively solves the above technical problems through modular design and solid waste resource utilization. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a modular ecological slope protection structure and method based on solid waste synthetic soil, which enhances the slope stability through inlaid modular design, improves the solid waste utilization rate and construction efficiency, reduces the dependence on intensive steel bars and anchor rods, and realizes the dual goals of ecological environmental protection and engineering stability.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a modular ecological slope protection structure and method based on solid waste synthetic soil, which comprises inlaid modules, horizontal steel bars, vertical steel bars, cross sleeves and anchor rods. The inlaid modules are provided with internal drainage holes, and two adjacent inlaid modules at the same level are combined to form an external drainage opening. The horizontal steel bars pass through the internal drainage holes of the inlaid modules, and the vertical steel bars pass through the internal drainage holes of the inlaid modules. The horizontal steel bars and the vertical steel bars are connected with the cross sleeves at the intersection point of the external drainage opening, and one end of the anchor rod is installed in the slope rock-soil body and fixed by a fixing member, and the other end penetrates through the cross sleeve.

[0007] Preferably, the mosaic module comprises 4 trapezoidal tenons and 2 trapezoidal grooves, and the upper and lower two trapezoidal tenons of the horizontally adjacent two mosaic modules are respectively embedded in the trapezoidal grooves of the upper and lower two mosaic modules, the length-width ratio of the trapezoidal tenon to the trapezoidal groove is 1:2, and the acute angle is 45°.

[0008] Preferably, the internal drainage hole is a circular hole arranged through the middle of the mosaic module in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the diameter of the internal drainage hole is 2-5 cm; the middle of the two sides of the mosaic module is provided with a semicircular hole, and the semicircular holes of the adjacent two mosaic modules are combined to form the external drainage port, and the external drainage port is a circular hole with a diameter of 3-5 cm perpendicular to the slope direction.

[0009] Preferably, the diameter of the horizontal steel bar and the vertical steel bar is 0.6-1.2 cm, the horizontal steel bar passes through the internal drainage hole of 5-15 mosaic modules, and the vertical steel bar passes through the internal drainage hole of 5-20 mosaic modules, and the steel bar has 3-5 cm threads at both ends.

[0010] Preferably, the cross-shaped sleeve is composed of a steel pipe with a length of 2-3 cm and a diameter of 2-3 cm and four nuts installed in the horizontal and vertical directions with a length of 3-5 cm, the horizontal steel bar and the vertical steel bar are connected with the nuts of the cross-shaped sleeve; the anchor rod is a steel bar with a length of 2-3.5 m, a diameter of 1.6-2.4 cm and a threaded section at one end, the fixing part comprises a tray and an anchor nut, the cross-shaped sleeve is installed outside the anchor nut and is fixed by a connecting nut.

[0011] A use method of a modular ecological slope protection structure based on solid waste synthetic soil, comprising the following steps:

[0012] S1. Preparing a mosaic module: mixing coal gangue, peat soil and plant fibers in a volume ratio of 6:3:1 to prepare solid waste synthetic soil, mixing green plant seeds, filling polypropylene non-woven fabric bags, and extruding and shaping to form a mosaic module with trapezoidal tenons, trapezoidal grooves and internal drainage holes;

[0013] S2. Module stacking and embedding: stacking the mosaic modules layer by layer, embedding the trapezoidal tenons of the horizontally adjacent modules in the trapezoidal grooves of the adjacent modules, and combining the semicircular holes of the adjacent modules to form the external drainage port;

[0014] S3. Installing steel bars: passing the horizontal steel bars through the horizontal internal drainage holes of the mosaic modules, passing the vertical steel bars through the vertical internal drainage holes of the mosaic modules, and reserving 3-5 cm threads at both ends of the steel bars;

[0015] S4. Fixed connection: the cross sleeve surface is connected through the screw thread of the screw cap at the intersection of the transverse steel bar and the vertical steel bar, one end of the anchor rod is installed in the slope rock-soil body, and the other end penetrates the steel pipe of the cross sleeve, the connecting screw cap arranged at the top end of the anchor rod is tightened to make the cross sleeve and the surface of the fixing part closely contact, and the fixing of the modular ecological slope protection structure is realized.

[0016] Preferably, the plant fiber in S1 is rice straw or straw; the ecological slope protection vegetation seeds are uniformly mixed in the solid waste synthetic soil, and the ecological slope protection vegetation seeds include zoysia japonica seeds and sedum lineare seeds.

[0017] Therefore, the modular ecological slope protection structure and method based on the solid waste synthetic soil have the following technical effects:

[0018] (1) The coal gangue, peat soil and plant fiber are mixed according to a proportion to prepare the solid waste synthetic soil, the solid waste is converted into the core material of the slope protection module, the ecological problem of solid waste storage is effectively solved, and large-scale utilization of the solid waste is realized.

[0019] (2) The inlaid module in the application forms an integral structure that is interlocked horizontally and vertically through the embedding of the trapezoidal tenon and the groove, and is fixedly connected with the transverse steel bar, the vertical steel bar, the cross sleeve and the anchor rod, so that the overall stability of the slope is greatly improved, and the defect that the traditional vegetation bag slope protection is prone to sliding is overcome.

[0020] (3) The modular design of the application realizes factory prefabrication and on-site rapid stacking and embedding, reduces complex processes such as on-site soil filling, and further simplifies the construction process through the standardized connection of the steel bar and the sleeve, thereby significantly shortening the construction period.

[0021] (4) The inlaid structure of the application has a self-stabilizing effect, reduces the dependence of the traditional slope protection on dense horizontal and vertical steel bars and anchor rods, reduces the material consumption and construction cost, and at the same time, the resource utilization of the solid waste also reduces the raw material cost.

[0022] (5) The cooperative design of the internal drainage hole and the external drainage port of the application can quickly drain the water on the slope, avoid the adverse effects of rainwater penetration on the stability of the slope, and protect the growth environment of the vegetation.

[0023] The technical solutions of the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the inlaid module in the modular ecological slope protection structure based on the solid waste synthetic soil of the application;

[0025] Figure 2It is a kind of based on solid waste synthetic soil's modular ecological revetment structure mosaic module stack embedding schematic diagram of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a kind of based on solid waste synthetic soil's modular ecological revetment structure transverse reinforcement and vertical reinforcement installation schematic diagram of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a kind of based on solid waste synthetic soil's modular ecological revetment structure cross sleeve structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a kind of based on solid waste synthetic soil's modular ecological revetment structure anchor rod and cross sleeve connection schematic diagram of the present application.

[0029] Reference signs

[0030] 1, mosaic module; 2, trapezoidal tenon; 3, trapezoidal groove; 4, vertical internal drainage hole; 5, semicircular hole; 6, transverse internal drainage hole; 7, external drainage port; 8, vertical reinforcement; 9, transverse reinforcement; 10, anchor rod; 11, cross sleeve; 12, steel pipe; 13, nut; 14, connecting nut; 15, tray; 16, anchor rod nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions of the present application are further described below by means of the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, technical terms or scientific terms used in the present application shall be understood as the usual meaning understood by a person with ordinary skills in the art to which the present application belongs. The terms "first", "second" and similar words used in the present application do not represent any order, number or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. The terms "include" or "contain" and similar words mean that the elements or objects before the words cover the elements or objects listed after the words and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. The terms "connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connection, but can include electrical connection, whether direct or indirect. The terms "up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to represent relative positional relationship, and when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0033] As shown in Figure 1 A kind of based on solid waste synthetic soil's modular ecological revetment structure, including mosaic module 1, transverse reinforcement 9, vertical reinforcement 8, cross sleeve 11 and anchor rod 10, as shown in the figure.The mosaic module 1 is composed of solid waste synthetic soil main body, 4 trapezoidal tenons 2 and 2 trapezoidal grooves 3, 45 centimeters long, 15 centimeters wide, 40 centimeters high;The long side ratio of trapezoidal tenon 2 and trapezoidal groove 3 is 1:2, and the acute angle is 45°.

[0034] As shown in Figure 2 , the mosaic module 1 is provided with internal drainage holes, wherein the vertical internal drainage hole 4 and the horizontal internal drainage hole 6 are circular holes with a diameter of 3 cm, arranged in the middle of the vertical and horizontal directions of the module and penetrating through; the middle of both sides of the module is provided with a semicircular hole 5 with a diameter of 4 cm, and the semicircular holes 5 of the same horizontal adjacent 2 modules are combined to form an external drainage port 7 with a diameter of 4 cm, which is perpendicular to the slope direction.

[0035] The horizontal steel bar 9 is a steel bar with a diameter of 0.8 cm, which penetrates through the horizontal internal drainage holes 6 of 10 mosaic modules 1; the vertical steel bar 8 is a steel bar with a diameter of 0.8 cm, which penetrates through the vertical internal drainage holes 4 of 15 mosaic modules 1, and the both ends of the steel bar are left with 4 cm threads.

[0036] As shown in Figures 4 to 5 , the cross sleeve 11 is composed of a steel pipe 12 with a length of 2.5 cm and a diameter of 2.5 cm, and 4 nuts 13 with a length of 4 cm installed in horizontal and vertical directions; the horizontal steel bar 9 and the vertical steel bar 8 are threadedly connected with the nuts 13 at the intersection of the external drainage port 7.

[0037] The anchor rod 10 is a steel bar with a length of 3 meters and a diameter of 2 cm, one end of which is implanted into the slope rock-soil body, and the other end is fixed through the tray 15 and the anchor rod nut 16; the steel pipe 12 of the cross sleeve 11 is sleeved on the anchor rod 10, located on the outside of the anchor rod nut 16, and is tightly fixed through the connecting nut 14.

[0038] A modular ecological slope protection method based on solid waste synthetic soil includes the following steps:

[0039] S1. Prepare the mosaic module 1: mix and stir coal gangue, peat soil and rice straw in a volume ratio of 6:3:1 to make solid waste synthetic soil, uniformly mix the seeds of kinnikinnick and sedum lineare into the solid waste synthetic soil, put the mixed solid waste synthetic soil into a polypropylene non-woven bag, and shape it by extrusion through a mold to form a mosaic module 1 with 4 trapezoidal tenons 2, 2 trapezoidal grooves 3, vertical internal drainage holes 4 and horizontal internal drainage holes 6, and the middle of both sides of the module is provided with a semicircular hole 5.

[0040] S2. Module stacking and embedding: clean the slope surface and trim it to a flat working surface, and start stacking the mosaic modules 1 from the slope bottom; the upper trapezoidal tenon 2 of the horizontal direction adjacent module is embedded in the lower trapezoidal groove 3 of the upper module, and the lower trapezoidal tenon 2 is embedded in the upper trapezoidal groove 3 of the lower module, forming a whole structure embedded horizontally and vertically; the semicircular holes 5 of the adjacent modules are combined to form the external drainage port 7.

[0041] S3. Installing steel bars: after the modules are stacked to the designed height, the horizontal steel bars 9 are passed through the horizontal inner drainage holes 6 of the 10 modules in the same horizontal layer 10, and the vertical steel bars 8 are passed through the vertical inner drainage holes 4 of the 15 modules in the same vertical column 15, and the two ends of the steel bars are ensured to be reserved 4 cm of threads to be exposed outside the modules, as shown in Figure 3

[0042] S4. Fixed connection: at the intersection of the outer drainage holes 7 of the horizontal steel bars 9 and the vertical steel bars 8, the cross sleeve 11 is fixed by the threaded connection of the screw cap 13 and the steel bars; one end of the anchor rod 10 is implanted into the rock-soil body of the slope through drilling, and the other end is sequentially passed through the tray 15 and the anchor rod screw cap 16, and the anchor rod screw cap 16 is tightened to make the tray 15 tightly adhere to the slope surface; the steel pipe 12 of the cross sleeve 11 is sleeved on the anchor rod 10 and located outside the anchor rod screw cap 16, and is tightened through the connecting screw cap 14 to make the cross sleeve 11 tightly contact with the tray 15, thereby completing the fixing of the overall structure.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application but not to limit it, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: the technical solutions of the present application can still be modified or replaced by the equivalent, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot make the modified technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.​

Claims

1. A modular ecological slope protection structure based on solid waste synthetic soil, characterized by: It includes a mosaic module, transverse steel bars, vertical steel bars, a cross sleeve and an anchor rod; the mosaic module is provided with an internal drainage hole, and two adjacent mosaic modules at the same level are combined to form an external drainage outlet; the transverse steel bars pass through the internal drainage hole of the mosaic module, and the vertical steel bars pass through the internal drainage hole of the mosaic module; the transverse steel bars and the vertical steel bars are connected to the cross sleeve at the intersection of the external drainage outlet, one end of the anchor rod is installed in the slope rock and soil and fixed by a fixing component, and the other end passes through the cross sleeve.

2. The modular ecological slope protection structure based on solid waste synthetic soil according to claim 1 is characterized by: The inlaid module includes 4 trapezoidal tenons and 2 trapezoidal grooves. The upper and lower two trapezoidal tenons of two adjacent inlaid modules in the horizontal direction are respectively embedded in the trapezoidal grooves of the upper and lower inlaid modules. The ratio of the long sides of the trapezoidal tenons to the trapezoidal grooves is 1:2, and the acute angles are both 45°.

3. The modular ecological slope protection structure based on solid waste synthetic soil according to claim 2 is characterized by: The inner drainage hole is a circular hole arranged in the middle of the mosaic module in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the diameter of the inner drainage hole is 2-5 cm; semicircular holes are set in the middle of both sides of the mosaic module, and the semicircular holes of two adjacent mosaic modules are combined to form the outer drainage outlet, which is a circular hole with a diameter of 3-5 cm perpendicular to the slope.

4. The modular ecological slope protection structure based on solid waste synthetic soil according to claim 3 is characterized by: The diameters of the transverse and vertical steel bars are both 0.6-1.2 cm. The transverse steel bars pass through the inner drainage holes of 5-15 inlaid modules, and the vertical steel bars pass through the inner drainage holes of 5-20 inlaid modules. 3-5 cm threads are left at both ends of the steel bars.

5. The modular ecological slope protection structure based on solid waste synthetic soil according to claim 4 is characterized by: The cross sleeve consists of a steel pipe with a length of 2-3 cm and a diameter of 2-3 cm and four nuts with a length of 3-5 cm installed in the horizontal and vertical directions. The transverse steel bars and vertical steel bars are connected to the nuts of the cross sleeve; the anchor rod is a steel bar with a length of 2-3.5 meters, a diameter of 1.6-2.4 cm and a threaded section at one end. The fixing component includes a tray and an anchor rod nut. The cross sleeve is installed on the outside of the anchor rod nut and is fixed with a connecting nut.

6. A method for using the modular ecological slope protection structure based on solid waste synthetic soil according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Preparation of mosaic modules: Coal gangue, peat soil, and plant fiber were mixed in a volume ratio of 6:3:1 to form a solid waste synthetic soil. After mixing with green plant seeds, the soil was placed in a polypropylene non-woven bag and extruded to form a mosaic module with a trapezoidal tenon, a trapezoidal groove, and an internal drainage hole. S2. Module stacking and interlocking: The mosaic modules are stacked layer by layer, with the trapezoidal tenons of adjacent modules fitting into the trapezoidal grooves of adjacent modules in the horizontal direction. The semicircular holes of adjacent modules combine to form an external drain outlet. S3. Install rebar: Pass the horizontal rebar through the horizontal drainage holes of the embedded module, and the vertical rebar through the vertical drainage holes of the embedded module, leaving 3-5 cm of thread at each end. S4. Fixed connection: The cross-sleeve surface is connected by a nut thread at the intersection of the external drainage outlet of the horizontal and vertical steel bars. One end of the anchor rod is installed in the slope rock and soil and fixed to the soil surface through a fixing component. The other end passes through the steel pipe of the cross-sleeve. Tighten the connecting nut set at the top of the anchor rod to make the cross-sleeve closely contact with the surface of the fixing component, thereby realizing the fixation of the modular ecological slope protection structure.

7. The modular ecological slope protection method based on solid waste synthetic soil according to claim 6 is characterized by: The plant fiber in S1 is rice straw or stalk; the ecological slope protection vegetation seeds are evenly mixed in the solid waste synthetic soil, and the ecological slope protection vegetation seeds include Zoysia seeds and Sedum seeds.

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